CN106501593A - A kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism and method - Google Patents
A kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501593A CN106501593A CN201611082987.1A CN201611082987A CN106501593A CN 106501593 A CN106501593 A CN 106501593A CN 201611082987 A CN201611082987 A CN 201611082987A CN 106501593 A CN106501593 A CN 106501593A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R19/00—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof
- G01R19/25—Arrangements for measuring currents or voltages or for indicating presence or sign thereof using digital measurement techniques
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
- G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
- G01R15/24—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices
- G01R15/245—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect
- G01R15/246—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-modulating devices using magneto-optical modulators, e.g. based on the Faraday or Cotton-Mouton effect based on the Faraday, i.e. linear magneto-optic, effect
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Abstract
The present invention relates to electrical engineering field, more particularly to a kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism and method.Light sensor in light-intensity test unit measures the light intensity of the detection light source of the phase-modulator in all-fiber current transformator, measured signal is amplified by the signal amplifying triode of signal amplification unit, then input signal processing unit is processed after AD conversion unit is converted to data signal.The present invention modulates source phase disturbance in all-fiber current transformator by weighted least mean square error criterion, there is error in the device real-time monitoring phase modulation system, by introducing the weighting function factor, constantly iterative weighted function obtains expecting the modulation angle that phase modulation solves phase-modulator in all-fiber current transformator, so as to reduce the minor shifts error of the coupler phase brought because of optical fiber dismatching, asymmetry in actual fabrication, all-fiber current transformator performance is improved.
Description
Technical field
A kind of the present invention relates to electrical engineering field, more particularly to all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation dress
Put and method.
Background technology
Current transformer is a kind of indispensable power equipment in power system, for measuring to electric current, rear end
Combining unit console is effectively distributed to electric power according to the result of measurement, realizes relay protection and the monitoring to system.
Electromagnetic current transducer is a kind of conventional current transformer being widely used at present, but there is hysteresis effect to be satisfied with magnetic due to which
With problem so that measurement dynamic range is less.And electromagnetic current transducer has oil inflammable and explosive, insulation is difficult to cause presence
Very big potential safety hazard.Therefore electromagnetic current transducer can not meet the demand of modern industry.
All-fiber current transformator (FOCT:Fiber Optical Current Transducer) using magneto-optical crystal
Faraday effect, a kind of measuring method sensed by non-conductor.All-fiber current transformator has small volume, lightweight, peace
The advantages of Quan Xinggao, high certainty of measurement, it is developed so far from the sixties in last century and has been achieved for significant progress.All -fiber electricity
Current transformer effectively can detect to electrical network mesohigh high current electrical energy transportation, improve detection antijamming capability and measure essence
Degree.But, these all assume that what fibre system and spacing wave and communication environments characteristic were obtained in the ideal case.In reality
In the engineer applied of border, all-fiber current transformator still suffers from the problem of some process aspects, and such as quarter-wave plate makes and misses
Difference and sensor fibre birefringence are all fixed to certainty of measurement really and ring, and the temperature change of external environment and vibrational perturbation are to measurement essence
Degree can cause error.In real application systems, the phase shift that Faraday effect causes is very faint, phase modulation system Chang Huicun
In some errors, such as during light source couples, as the manual operations or accuracy of instrument factor such as not enough causes light source coupling
Close position and there is error, and the optical fiber extent of damage in use etc. can all cause system mismatch error so that be resonable
The measurement performance that theory analysis is obtained under the conditions of thinking is no longer valid, and all-fiber current transformator is extremely quick to these mismatch errors
Sense.Therefore for a kind of research of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism, all -fiber electricity is favorably improved
The robustness of current transformer measuring system.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is provided a kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation and disturbs for the deficiencies in the prior art
Dynamic compensation device and method.By by introducing the weighting function factor, continuous iterative weighted function obtains expecting phase modulation.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
A kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism, by light-intensity test unit, signal amplification unit
And signal transacting (DSP) unit composition, signal transacting (DSP) unit also include power supply, AD conversion unit, memory cell and
Digital display unit；Light sensor in light-intensity test unit measures the inspection of the phase-modulator in all-fiber current transformator
Measured signal is amplified by the light intensity in light-metering source by the signal amplifying triode of signal amplification unit, then through analog-to-digital conversion
Cell translation processes (DSP) unit for input signal after data signal and is processed, and data return memory cell after processing
In, digital display unit reads memory cell data and in its digital screen display.
A kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation method, step are as follows：
Light sensor in A, light-intensity test unit measures the detection of the phase-modulator in all-fiber current transformator
Measured signal is amplified by the light intensity of light source by the signal amplifying triode of signal amplification unit, then through analog-to-digital conversion list
After unit is converted to data signal, input signal process (DSP) unit is processed；
B, signal transacting (DSP) unit carry out (DSP) correction, phase modulation disturbance compensation；Letter is weighted eventually through introducing
The number factor, continuous iterative weighted function are obtained expecting phase modulation, can be reduced because optical fiber is non-matching in actual fabrication by compensation
Property, the minor shifts error of coupler phase brought of asymmetry, so as to improve all-fiber current transformator performance, meet after
The use requirement of electric protection system.
Specifically, the backoff algorithm in step B is mainly comprised the following steps：
(1), by area-of-interest discretization, and initialization matter parameter Km, ε, give maximum iteration time T, obtain just
Beginning weighing vector w0, then obtain an initial electromagnetic wave amplitude E0(θm), and make number of iterations i=0；
(2), weighting function F is adjustedi+1(θm), then obtain new covariance matrix Ri+1With cross correlation vector gi+1；
(3) new weighing vector is calculated, a new electromagnetic wave range value E is obtainedi+1(θm)；Algorithm iteration number of times is passed
Increase, i.e. i=i+1；
(4), calculation error expression formula em=| Ei+1(θm)-Ed(θm) |, m=1,2 ..., M；If em≤ ε, or iteration time
Number is beyond maximum number of iterations Tmax, stop iteration；Otherwise, step (2) is gone to.
The present invention modulates source phase disturbance, the dress in all-fiber current transformator by weighted least mean square error criterion
Put in real-time monitoring phase modulation system and there is error, by introducing the weighting function factor, continuous iterative weighted function must expire
Hope that phase modulation solves the modulation angle of phase-modulator in all-fiber current transformator, so as to reduce because of optical fiber in actual fabrication
The minor shifts error of the coupler phase that dismatching, asymmetry are brought, improves all-fiber current transformator performance.Can be with
When reduction light is propagated in a fiber, as a variety of causes will cause the polarization state unstability of light so that full optical-fiber current mutual inductance
Performance is improved device in actual applications, with engineering application value.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart of light-intensity test unit and signal amplification unit.
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart of signal transacting (DSP) unit.
Fig. 4 is that application example optimizes phase diagram.
Fig. 5 is test system structure figure.
Fig. 6 is reference signal and FOCT test signal relation curves.
Specific embodiment
The compensation device of the present invention is realized prolonging to passing through guarantor partially by increasing light-intensity test unit in phase-modulator
When aperture line polarization light carry out intensity modulation.The work structuring of all-fiber current transformator is as shown in figure 1, the light that sends of light source
Through 1:It is polarized as linearly polarized light, the tail optical fiber of fibre optic polarizer and phase place tune by fibre optic polarizer 13 after 1 ordinary coupler, 11 light splitting
The tail optical fiber of device processed 12 is with 45 ° of weldings.Line polarisation is bisected into two parts with 45 ° of injection polarization maintaining optical fibres, respectively along x-axis and y-axis forward
Propagate.When the light of this two beams orthogonal modes is changed into left-handed and dextrorotation circularly polarized light after λ/4 wave plate 14, respectively, enters and pass
Photosensitive fibre.Due to the magnetic fields for being subject to the electric current in wire to produce, left-right rotary circularly polarized light is propagated at different rates, so as to
Phase of light wave is caused to change.Light after the speculum 15 by sensor fibre end face reflects, the polarization mode of this two beams circularly polarized light
Exchange, i.e., left-handed rotation is changed into right-handed rotation, and right-handed rotation is changed into left-handed rotation, magnetic fields are subject to again again by sensor fibre,
Double the action effect being subject to.After the light that this two beam is returned is again by λ/4 wave plate, linearly polarized light is reverted to, and originally
The light that propagates along polarization maintaining optical fibre axle is changed into propagating along polarization maintaining optical fibre y-axis, and the light that propagated along polarization maintaining optical fibre y-axis originally is changed into along guarantor partially
Optical fiber x-axis is propagated.The light that propagates along polarization maintaining optical fibre x-axis, y-axis respectively is interfered at fibre optic polarizer.Finally, phase place is carried
The light of information is coupled into detector by coupler.
Fig. 2 and 3 is combined in the lump please, and the all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism of the present invention, by light intensity
Detector unit 1, signal amplification unit 2 and signal transacting (DSP) unit 3 are constituted, and signal transacting (DSP) unit 3 also includes electricity
Source 9, AD conversion unit 6, memory cell 8 and digital display unit 7；Light sensor 4 in light-intensity test unit 1 is measured entirely
The light intensity of the detection light source 10 of the phase-modulator 12 in optical fiber current mutual inductor, is amplified by the signal of signal amplification unit 2
Measured signal is amplified by triode 5, then input signal processes (DSP) after AD conversion unit 6 is converted to data signal
Unit 3 is processed, and data are returned in memory cell 8 after processing, and memory cell 8 is stored to be surveyed by externally measured unit
Signal and through the data handled by signal processing unit (DSP), digital display unit 7 can directly from memory cell 8
Read data and show on a display screen.
A kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation method, by passing through to introduce the weighting function factor, no
Disconnected iterative weighted function obtains expecting phase modulation.Specially：First, the light sensor 4 in light-intensity test unit 1 is measured entirely
The light intensity of the detection light source 10 of the phase-modulator 12 in optical fiber current mutual inductor, is amplified by the signal of signal amplification unit 2
Measured signal is amplified by triode 5, then input signal processes (DSP) after AD conversion unit 6 is converted to data signal
Unit 3 is processed.Then, signal transacting (DSP) unit 3 carries out DSP corrections, phase modulation disturbance compensation；Eventually through drawing
Enter the weighting function factor, continuous iterative weighted function is obtained expecting phase modulation, can be reduced because of light in actual fabrication by compensation
The minor shifts error of the coupler phase that fine dismatching, asymmetry are brought, so that improve all-fiber current transformator
Can, meet the use requirement of relay protection system.
Please with reference to Fig. 1, for all-fiber current transformator, in its course of work, due to being added on optical medium
External magnetic field can make the rotation that plane of polarization occurs by the polarised light of optical medium.Polarization state can be with propagating along z-axis
Polarization ellipse is expressed as：
Wherein (ε, τ) represents elliptic polarization angle and polarised direction angle respectively.Ex,EyFor x-axis direction and y-axis direction plane ripple.
||E||ejψRepresent signal envelope.X-axis direction and y-axis direction plane Bob value are：
Wherein δ represents the difference of x-axis direction and y-axis direction polarization deflection.Represent polarised light amplitude ratio.General feelings
Under condition, polarised light light intensity is：
By the orthogonal matrix of idealization polarization state, we can study optical fiber current mutual inductor light path devices.
In real application systems, as extremely severe etc. factor of several factors and external environment condition causes full optical-fiber current
In transformer light path devices, each parameter can be changed over time, and the system of also resulting in has non-match error so that actual
In all-fiber current transformator light path devices, the matrix-vector of polarization state is no longer equal to preferable response vector.
Hypothesis frequency is fcLight signal optical fiber is incided with azimuth angle theta, then response vector ideally can be with
It is expressed as：
In formula []TRepresent transposed matrix.Eox(θ),Eoy(θ) electromagnetic wave of azimuth angle theta is respectively in x directions, y directions electricity
Magnetic vector, and have：
A in formulaox(θ),βox(θ) and aoy(θ),βoy(θ) amplitude response and phase place for being respectively electromagnetic wave in x-axis and y-axis rings
Should.Due to artificially causing or the reason such as accuracy of instrument in all-fiber current transformator manufacturing process so that coupling light source position
After calibration, can there is deviation relative to calibration position, so that all-fiber current transformator has to coupling light source signal
Different phase shifts.Therefore, when light source has deviation by optical-fiber time-delay circle position, it is equivalent to introduce in system response vector
The phase displacement error of one dependence signal incident direction.When there is error, electromagnetic response vector can be written as：
In formulaFor the electromagnetic wave that there is phase error, Δ aox(θ),Δaoy(θ) with Δ βox(θ),Δβoy
(θ) error component of electromagnetism wave amplitude and phase response is respectively.Therefore, in practice if do not enter horizontal phasing control and according to reason
Want to polarize the light source couples vector that too matrix computations are obtained, substantially reduce will certainly all-fiber current transformator performance.
There is the electromagnetic wave of phase error in consideration all-fiber current transformatorIn given angular regions
On | the E (θ) | that obtains amplitude response optimize and be similar to expectation amplitude response Ed(θ).Due to having：
Ed(θ)=wH[Eox(θ),Eoy(θ)]T(7)
In formula, w is correction weight vector, and w=[w1,w2,…,wM]T, M is the discrete dimensions of θ.It is based on lowest mean square
Error criterion, when in optical fiber, electromagnetic wave has error after polarization maintaining optical fibre time delay circle, phasing problems can be expressed as：
MinJ=min | | F (θ) (| E (θ) |-Ed(θ))||2(8)
Wherein F (θ) is phase only pupil filter matrix.Signal angle region Θ is divided into N number of discrete angular point, phase place is obtained excellent
Change problem is converted into：
Optimization problem objective cost function is a linear function, can pass through to weight covariance matrix R with weighting mutually
Close vector g to expand into：
Obtain optimizing weighing vector and be
W=R-1g (11)
Weighting function can be adjusted by such a way：
In formula, ε is to design the allowable error value between source phase and actual light source phase place, KmIt is iteration gain.
In sum, all-fiber current transformator phase modulation backoff algorithm step is specially：
(1), by area-of-interest discretization, and initialization matter parameter Km, ε, give maximum iteration time T, according to formula
(11) initial weighing vector w is obtained0, an initial electromagnetic wave amplitude E is obtained by formula (7)0(θm), and make number of iterations i=0.
(2) weighting function F is adjusted according to formula (12),i+1(θm), then new covariance matrix R is obtained by formula (10)i+1With
Cross correlation vector gi+1.
(3) new weighing vector is calculated by formula (9), a new electromagnetic wave range value E is obtained by (7)i+1(θm).Will
Algorithm iteration number of times is incremented by, i.e. i=i+1.
(4), calculation error expression formula em=| Ei+1(θm)-Ed(θm) |, m=1,2 ..., M.If em≤ ε, or iteration time
Number is beyond maximum number of iterations Tmax, stop iteration；Otherwise, step (2) is gone to.
The action foundation for providing electric energy metrical parameter and providing relay protection and measurement control born by current transformer
Etc. important mission, and the technical limitation of traditional electromagnetic transformer is more and more obvious, and drawback is also increasingly projected, therefore optical fiber electricity
Current transformer becomes main research and development direction.Due to when light is propagated in a fiber, as a variety of causes will cause light
The unstable presence of polarization state so that performance reduces all-fiber current transformator in actual applications, the compensation method of the present invention
On the basis of analysis all-fiber current transformator error model, phase modulation is proposed based on weighted least mean square error criterion and is disturbed
Dynamic compensation scheme.By introducing the weighting function factor, continuous iterative weighted function is obtained expecting phase modulation, can be subtracted by compensation
The minor shifts error of the little coupler phase brought because of optical fiber dismatching, asymmetry in actual fabrication is complete so as to improve
Optical fiber current mutual inductor performance, meets the use requirement of relay protection system.
Concrete application example and system constructing
Can be there is certain linear birefringence, and be random in common single-mode fiber due to affecting by technique and environment
Distribution and change at random.One optical signal of consideration enters single-mode fiber optical fibre refractivity n1=1.466, cladding index n2=
1.458.Its optical signal is relative to sample frequency fsFrequency bandwidth be Ω=[0.240.36], and normalize sample frequency fs=
1.By discrete for optical signal frequency bandwidth Ω chemical conversion K=9 sub- frequency arrowband, expect that optical signal incident direction θ is oval axial direction side
To angle, if incident direction is θ=0 °, on angular regions Θ=[- 90 ° 90 °], optimization design is carried out.By angular regions Θ with
Angle is spaced 3 ° and carries out discretization, obtains N=61 discrete angular.According to the phase modulation disturbance compensation method for being given, whole
Weighting function is iterated on individual discrete angular point, initial weighting function is set as F (θm)=1 (m=1,2 ..., M).Require
After phase-modulation, light signal energy levels off to given desired signal energy Ed(θ)=cos2(θ), other phase energies-
Below 40dB.Coupled phase [- 12 ° 12 °] is set, iteration gain K is selectedm=1, design patient max value of error be ε=
0.0005, optimization phase diagram as shown in Figure 4 is obtained through 120 iteration.Figure 4, it is seen that each sub- frequency light beam is intended
It is combined and does not change with the change of frequency, obtains the constant dependent phase of frequency in the range of whole signal bandwidth.
In order to test all-fiber current transformator when the polarization state that there is light is unstable, phase compensation effect is built
Test system, its structure are as shown in Figure 5.In Fig. 5, combining unit sends two-way trigger, triggers full optical-fiber current to be measured all the way
Transformer output signal, another road trigger reference signal.Two paths of signals enters host computer by combining unit and carries out error analysis.
Under the room temperature of laboratory, the AC signal in calibration signal and output signal is by oscilloscope measurement, the direct current letter in output signal
Number there is digital multimeter measure, the response of AC signal and direct current signal, measurement result such as Fig. 6 when reading different input currents
Shown in curve.
By comparison reference AC signal and the ratio of direct current signal and the relation value of input current and actual all -fiber electricity
Current transformer test value, as can be seen from Figure 6 all-fiber current transformator after phase modulation disturbance compensation method has been carried out
During small-signal, system linearity degree is improved.
The action foundation for providing electric energy metrical parameter and providing relay protection and measurement control born by current transformer
Etc. important mission, and the technical limitation of traditional electromagnetic transformer is more and more obvious, and drawback is also increasingly projected, therefore optical fiber electricity
Current transformer becomes main research and development direction.Due to when light is propagated in a fiber, as a variety of causes will cause light
The unstable presence of polarization state so that performance reduces all-fiber current transformator in actual applications, and this patent is analyzing full light
On the basis of fiber current mutual inductor error model, phase modulation disturbance compensation side is proposed based on weighted least mean square error criterion
Case.By introducing the weighting function factor, continuous iterative weighted function obtains expecting phase modulation, and has built experimental system to surveying
Examination data are analyzed, and achieve preferable experimental result.
The present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, and embodiment is exemplary, it is intended to for explaining the present invention, and can not
It is interpreted as limitation of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation mechanism, it is characterised in that by light-intensity test unit (1),
Signal amplification unit (2) and signal transacting (DSP) unit (3) composition, signal transacting (DSP) unit (3) also include power supply
(9), AD conversion unit (6), memory cell (8) and digital display unit (7)；Light sensor in light-intensity test unit (1)
Device (4) measures the light intensity of the detection light source (10) of the phase-modulator (12) in all-fiber current transformator, is amplified by signal
Measured signal is amplified by the signal amplifying triode (5) of unit (2), then is converted to digital letter through AD conversion unit (6)
After number, input signal processes (DSP) unit (3) and is processed, and data are returned in memory cell (8) after processing, numerical monitor
Unit (7) reads memory cell (8) data and in its digital screen display.
2. a kind of all-fiber current transformator phase modulation disturbance compensation method, it is characterised in that step is as follows：
Light sensor (4) in A, light-intensity test unit (1) measures the phase-modulator (12) in all-fiber current transformator
Detection light source (10) light intensity, by the signal amplifying triode (5) of signal amplification unit (2) by measured signal amplify,
After AD conversion unit (6) is converted to data signal, input signal process (DSP) unit (3) is processed again；
B, signal transacting (DSP) unit (3) carry out DSP corrections, phase modulation disturbance compensation, eventually through introduce weighting function because
Son, continuous iterative weighted function obtain expecting phase modulation, can be reduced because of optical fiber dismatching in actual fabrication, non-by compensation
The minor shifts error of the coupler phase that symmetry is brought.
3. compensation method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the backoff algorithm in step B is mainly comprised the following steps：
(1), by area-of-interest discretization, and initialization matter parameter Km, ε, give maximum iteration time T, initially weighted
Vectorial w0, then obtain an initial electromagnetic wave amplitude E0(θm), and make number of iterations i=0；
(2), weighting function F is adjustedi+1(θm), then obtain new covariance matrix Ri+1With cross correlation vector gi+1；
(3) new weighing vector is calculated, a new electromagnetic wave range value E is obtainedi+1(θm)；Algorithm iteration number of times is incremented by, i.e.,
I=i+1；
(4), calculation error expression formula em=| Ei+1(θm)-Ed(θm) |, m=1,2 ..., M；If em≤ ε, or iterations is super
Go out number of iterations T of maximummax, stop iteration；Otherwise, step (2) is gone to.
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| CN107144718A (en) * | 2017-06-15 | 2017-09-08 | 华北电力大学 | Double magnetic circuit complex optics current transformer and its signal processing method |
| CN110793558A (en) * | 2019-11-26 | 2020-02-14 | 南京大学 | Coherent detection type phi-OTDR system and self-checking method |
| CN111239464A (en) * | 2020-02-25 | 2020-06-05 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | High signal-to-noise ratio optical current transformer based on modular design |
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