CN106501097B - A kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test - Google Patents
A kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test Download PDFInfo
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- CN106501097B CN106501097B CN201611002618.7A CN201611002618A CN106501097B CN 106501097 B CN106501097 B CN 106501097B CN 201611002618 A CN201611002618 A CN 201611002618A CN 106501097 B CN106501097 B CN 106501097B
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- shear box
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/24—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady shearing forces
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Abstract
A kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test is related to a kind of geotechnical engineering soil layer interface experimental rig.Shear box lower surface and the lower shear box upper surface of heat preservation are respectively equipped with a pair of sliding slot being parallel to each other in heat preservation, multiple limit steel balls are embedded in each pair of sliding slot being oppositely arranged, elastic washer is equipped between shear box and the lower shear box of heat preservation in heat preservation, one lateral wall of shear box is fixed with power transmission component two in heat preservation, shear box is detachably fixed with the lower shear box of heat preservation and connect in heat preservation, the matching of temperature control bearing plate is arranged in the metal circular tube upper end for keeping the temperature upper shear box, power transmission component one is fixed on temperature control bearing plate, temperature control bottom plate is fixed on the lower shear box lower surface of heat preservation, multiple thermocouples are separately positioned on the upper end in the metal circular tube of the lower end in the metal circular tube for keeping the temperature upper shear box and the lower shear box of heat preservation.The present invention has temperature controlling function, and cooperation external load equipment can carry out the shearing test of freeze thawing soil layer interface.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of geotechnical engineering soil layer interface experimental rigs, especially a kind of to be used for freeze thawing soil layer interface staight scissors
The shear box of test.
Background technique
China is the big frozen soil big country in third place in the world, and Frozen Area and Permafrost Area occupy the 75% of total national territorial area,
Carry out the influence that engineering construction needs to consider soil body freeze thawing variation in Frozen Ground Area.Frozen Ground Area railway, highway, tunnel, side at present
The diseases such as frost heave, thaw collapse, freeze-thaw and sliding take place frequently in the engineerings such as slope, seriously affect the normal service performance of engineering.It traces it to its cause
In the formation mechenism for not yet understanding disease in depth at present, reasonable Frozen Ground Area prevention of engineering diseases measure is constructed.
Investigation shows that Frozen Ground Area forms stabilization and clearly freezing zone with the variation of temperature in soil layer construction
With do not freeze differentiation boundary line, as freeze thawing soil layer interface.Due to the huge difference of freeze thawing soil layer mechanical characteristic under shear load effect
It is different so that be easy to produce shearing slip in the interface, the unstable failure of soil layer construction is in turn resulted in, for example, the permafrost region side slope spring
The slump for melting phase shallow soil destroys, under seismic loading sliding of horizontal frozen soil place Thawing soil interlayer etc. with this close phase
It closes.The force model estimation of stability and Study of Prevention Technology for carrying out frozen soil structures and place are both needed to understand freeze thawing soil layer interface
Shearing behavior and shearing strength characteristic, however lack the device for carrying out freeze thawing soil layer interface shearing force attribute testing at present, it leads
Cause constitutive relation and intensive parameter that freeze thawing soil layer interface can not be effectively obtained in corresponding research.
Summary of the invention
For the current device for lacking and carrying out freeze thawing soil layer interface shearing force and testing, the present invention is based on the shapes of freeze thawing soil layer
At mechanism and major influence factors, a kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test is invented, the present invention has temperature control
Function, cooperation external load equipment can carry out the shearing test of freeze thawing soil layer interface.
Realize that above-mentioned purpose, the present invention take following technical proposals: a kind of cutting for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test
Box is cut, including keeps the temperature upper shear box, keep the temperature lower shear box, temperature control bearing plate, temperature control bottom plate and multiple thermocouples, the guarantor
Shear box and the center kept the temperature in lower shear box are respectively fixed with a metal circular tube, the metal circular tube axis in temperature
With shear box in corresponding heat preservation or keep the temperature lower shear box center line and be overlapped and be arranged, metal circular tube and shear box in corresponding heat preservation
Upper and lower surface keeps the temperature lower shear box upper and lower surface and penetrates through setting, shear box lower surface and heat preservation table on shear box down in heat preservation
Face is respectively equipped with a pair of sliding slot being parallel to each other, and sliding slot described in two pairs is oppositely arranged one by one, in each pair of sliding slot being oppositely arranged
Multiple limit steel balls are embedded with, are equipped with elastic washer, the elastic cushion between shear box and the lower shear box of heat preservation in heat preservation
Circle center position is equipped with through-hole corresponding with metal circular tube, and one lateral wall of shear box is fixed in heat preservation sets for external load
For the power transmission component two of Transfer of Shear, shear box is detachably fixed by pin with the lower shear box of heat preservation and is connect in heat preservation, described
The matching of temperature control bearing plate be arranged in the metal circular tube upper end for keeping the temperature upper shear box, be fixed on temperature control bearing plate for outside
Loading equipemtn transmits the power transmission component one of pressure, and the temperature control bottom plate is fixed on the lower shear box lower surface of heat preservation, and described is more
The lower end and keep the temperature in the metal circular tube of lower shear box that a thermocouple is separately positioned in the metal circular tube for keeping the temperature upper shear box
Upper end.
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:
1. shear box and heat preservation descend fixation in shear box to be supported by metal circular tube, shear box in heat preservation in heat preservation of the invention
Or keep the temperature and fill porous thermal insulating cotton between lower shear box and corresponding metal circular tube, solving porous softness thermal insulation material cannot have
The contradiction of effect transmitting stress, realizes the unification that soil sample test specimen side stress uniformly transfers function Yu the effective heat insulating function in side；
2. the design of cylindric porous thermal insulating cotton can guarantee cylindric soil sample test specimen side temperature boundary in the present invention
Consistency realizes the unidirectional delivery of hot-fluid；
3. being equipped with snakelike detour groove in temperature control bearing plate of the invention and temperature control bottom plate, made by external cryostat equipment
Snakelike detour groove of the cryostat liquid respectively in temperature control bearing plate and temperature control floor pan carries out circulation and realizes temperature controlling function, in cylinder
Shape soil sample test specimen is axially formed equilibrium temperature gradient；
4. the present invention is equipped with multiple thermocouples, it connect with matched external temperature real-time display equipment, is cut in monitoring heat preservation
It cuts and forms freeze thawing soil layer interface at box and the lower shearing contact surface of heat preservation, to power transmission component one and passed respectively using external load equipment
Power component two applies pressure and shearing, can assist the shearing test for completing freeze thawing soil layer interface.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure axonometric drawing of the shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test of the invention；
Fig. 2 is fractionation structure axonometric drawing of the invention；
Fig. 3 is the A-A sectional view of Fig. 1；
Fig. 4 is the overlooking structure diagram of temperature control bottom plate of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, is clearly and completely retouched to the technical solution in the present invention
It states, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiment of invention, instead of all the embodiments, based in the present invention
Embodiment, every other embodiment obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts,
It shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in Fig. 1 ~ Fig. 4, the invention discloses a kind of shear boxs for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test, including protect
Shear box 2, temperature control bearing plate 3, temperature control bottom plate 4 and multiple thermocouples 5 are descended in shear box 1, heat preservation in temperature, cut in the heat preservation
The center cutting box 1 and keeping the temperature in lower shear box 2 is respectively fixed with a metal circular tube 1-1, the metal circular tube 1-1 axis
Line and shear box 1 in corresponding heat preservation keep the temperature lower 2 center line of shear box and are overlapped and be arranged, metal circular tube 1-1 and corresponding heat preservation
Upper 1 upper and lower surface of shear box or lower 2 upper and lower surface of shear box of heat preservation penetrate through setting, shear under shear box 1 and heat preservation in heat preservation
Box 2 is the identical cuboid steel component of shape size, and cylindrical cavity is equipped in the cuboid steel component, described
Cylindrical cavity axis is overlapped setting with cuboid steel component center line, and metal circular tube 1-1 passes through more support rod 1-6 and institute
The cylindrical cavity stated is affixed, tightly packed between metal circular tube 1-1 and cylindrical cavity to have a porous thermal insulating cotton 1-7, in heat preservation
1 lower surface of shear box and lower 2 upper surface of shear box of heat preservation are respectively equipped with a pair of sliding slot being parallel to each other, sliding slot one described in two pairs
One is oppositely arranged, and multiple limit steel ball 1-2 are embedded in each pair of sliding slot being oppositely arranged, in heat preservation under shear box 1 and heat preservation
Elastic washer 1-3 is equipped between shear box 2, the center elastic washer 1-3 is equipped with corresponding with metal circular tube 1-1
Through-hole, 1 one lateral wall of shear box is fixed with two 1-5 of power transmission component for external load equipment Transfer of Shear in heat preservation, keeps the temperature
Upper shear box 1 is detachably fixed by pin with the lower shear box 2 of heat preservation and is connect, and the matching setting of temperature control bearing plate 3 is being protected
In temperature in the upper end metal circular tube 1-1 of shear box 1, temperature control bearing plate 3 is consolidated by the upper disk 3-1 and lower wall 3-2 stacked by bolt
Surely it connects and composes, the upper disk 3-1 is made of high-strength low heat conductivity rate material, and the lower wall 3-2 is by high-strength highly-conductive heating rate material
Material is made, and gasket one is equipped between upper disk 3-1 and lower wall 3-2, and the upper surface lower wall 3-2 is equipped with snakelike one 3-3 of detour groove, on
The upper surface disk 3-1 and one both ends the 3-3 opposite position of snakelike detour groove penetrate through respectively be provided with a cryostat liquid into
One 3-4 and one, hole cryostat liquid portals a 3-5, and the biography for external load equipment transmitting pressure is fixed on temperature control bearing plate 3
One 1-4 of power component, the temperature control bottom plate 4 are fixed on lower 2 lower surface of shear box of heat preservation, and temperature control bottom plate 4 is by the upper plate 4-1 that stacks
It is bolted to connection composition with lower plate 4-2, the upper plate 4-1 is made of high-strength highly-conductive conductivity material, the lower plate
4-2 is made of high-strength low heat conductivity rate material, gasket two is equipped between upper plate 4-1 and lower plate 4-2, the lower surface upper plate 4-1 is located at
Snakelike detour groove two, snakelike two both ends of detour groove and the two sides upper plate 4-1 point are equipped within the scope of metal circular tube 1-1
A cryostat liquid Guan Tong be provided with and portal two into hole two and a cryostat liquid, in heat preservation in the metal circular tube 1-1 of shear box 1
Lower end and the upper end for keeping the temperature in the metal circular tube 1-1 of lower shear box 2 are uniformly arranged respectively there are four thermocouple 5, are cut in heat preservation
It is 1cm that four thermocouples 5 described in the metal circular tube 1-1 of box 1, which are cut, to upper 1 lower surface of shear box distance is kept the temperature, and is cut under heat preservation
It is 1cm that four thermocouples 5 described in the metal circular tube 1-1 of box 2, which are cut, to lower 2 upper surface of shear box distance is kept the temperature, and is cut in heat preservation
Cut the metal circular tube 1-1 of box 1 and its inside and keep the temperature be equipped on lower shear box 2 and its internal metal circular tube 1-1 with it is corresponding
5 conducting wire of thermocouple derived from sealed guide hole.
Heretofore described snakelike one 3-3 of detour groove and snakelike detour groove two are made as curved shape, are conducive to
Heat uniformly transfers.
The size of shear box of the present invention for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test is according to external load system ruler
Very little and test soil sample particle size, which determines, to be chosen.Shear box 2 under the heat preservation for being fixed with temperature control bottom plate 4 is fixed on before dress sample
In external load equipment, shear box 1 and the lower shear box 2 of heat preservation are fixed by pin in heat preservation, later will test soil sample dress
Soil sample test specimen is formed in the metal circular tube 1-1 of shear box 2 under entering to keep the temperature upper shear box 1 and keeping the temperature, is being protected respectively during dress sample
In the metal circular tube 1-1 of the lower shear box 2 of temperature and 4 heat are buried in the predetermined position in the metal circular tube 1-1 for keeping the temperature upper shear box 1
Galvanic couple 5, and the conducting wire of each thermocouple 5 is exported by corresponding sealed guide hole respectively and is set with external temperature real-time display
It is standby connected, temperature control bearing plate 3 is covered after filling sample and is filled to the upper end the metal circular tube 1-1 inside for keeping the temperature upper shear box 1 and soil sample
Test specimen is in close contact, and is then connected temperature control bearing plate 3 and temperature control bottom plate 4 with the cryostat pipe of external cryostat equipment respectively, is opened
The corresponding external cryostat equipment of temperature control bearing plate 3 is adjusted to -30 DEG C, the corresponding external cryostat of temperature control bottom plate 4 by external cryostat equipment
Equipment is adjusted to 1 DEG C, carries out the unidirectional quick freezing of soil sample test specimen, passes through the multiple heat of external temperature real-time display equipment real-time monitoring
The temperature of galvanic couple 5, according to the thin layer soil sample between 2 two layers of thermocouple 5 of shear box under keeping the temperature upper shear box 1 and keeping the temperature, (thickness is about
For 2cm) temperature, vertically linearly distribution is approximate it is assumed that accordingly being averaged by 4 thermocouples 5 of the upper shear box 1 of heat preservation
The mean temperature of 4 thermocouples 5 of temperature and the lower shear box 2 of heat preservation calculates thin layer soil sample along the Temperature Distribution of thickness, works as thin layer
It is believed that the level is freeze thawing bed boundary when the temperature of soil sample central core reaches the solidification point of the soil body, shuts down later external cold
Bath equipment dismantles the cryostat pipe that temperature control bearing plate 3 and temperature control bottom plate 4 connect, disconnect external temperature real-time display equipment with
Carry out Mechanical loading test after conducting wire between corresponding thermocouples 5 rapidly, tests the cutting performance of freeze thawing soil layer interface, test knot
In interface two sides, sampling and testing determines the water content at interface after beam.
It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, Er Qie
In the case where without departing substantially from spirit or essential attributes of the invention, the present invention can be realized in the form of others dress body.Therefore, no matter
From the point of view of which point, the present embodiments are to be considered as illustrative and not restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is by appended power
Benefit requires rather than above description limits, it is intended that by all in the meaning and scope for the condition of equivalent for falling in claim
Variation is included within the present invention.Any reference signs in the claims should not be construed as limiting the involved claims.
In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described in terms of embodiments, but not each embodiment is only wrapped
Containing an independent technical solution, this description of the specification is merely for the sake of clarity, and those skilled in the art should
It considers the specification as a whole, the technical solutions in the various embodiments may also be suitably combined, forms those skilled in the art
The other embodiments being understood that.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test, it is characterised in that: including keeping the temperature upper shear box (1), protecting
Temperature descends shear box (2), temperature control bearing plate (3), temperature control bottom plate (4) and multiple thermocouples (5), shear box in the heat preservation
(1) and the center in heat preservation lower shear box (2) is respectively fixed with a metal circular tube (1-1), the metal circular tube (1-
1) axis and shear box (1) in corresponding heat preservation or keep the temperature lower shear box (2) center line and be overlapped and be arranged, metal circular tube (1-1) with
Shear box (1) upper and lower surface or lower shear box (2) upper and lower surface of heat preservation penetrate through setting, shear box in heat preservation in corresponding heat preservation
(1) lower surface and lower shear box (2) upper surface of heat preservation are respectively equipped with a pair of sliding slot being parallel to each other, and sliding slot described in two pairs is one by one
It is oppositely arranged, multiple limit steel balls (1-2) is embedded in each pair of sliding slot being oppositely arranged, shear box (1) and heat preservation in heat preservation
It is equipped with elastic washer (1-3) between lower shear box (2), the elastic washer center (1-3) is equipped with and metal circular tube (1-
1) corresponding through-hole, (1) one lateral wall of shear box is fixed with power transmission component two (1-5) in heat preservation, in heat preservation shear box (1) with
It keeps the temperature lower shear box (2) and is detachably fixed connection, temperature control bearing plate (3) the matching setting is keeping the temperature upper shear box (1)
It in the upper end metal circular tube (1-1), is fixed on temperature control bearing plate (3) power transmission component one (1-4), the temperature control bottom plate (4) is solid
It is scheduled on lower shear box (2) lower surface of heat preservation, multiple thermocouples (5) are separately positioned on the metal for keeping the temperature upper shear box (1)
The upper end in the metal circular tube (1-1) of shear box (2) is descended in lower end and heat preservation in round tube (1-1), shears in the heat preservation
Box (1) is the identical cuboid steel component of shape size with lower shear box (2) are kept the temperature, and is set in the cuboid steel component
There is cylindrical cavity, the cylindrical cavity axis is overlapped setting, the round metal with cuboid steel component center line
Manage (1-1) it is affixed by more support rods (1-6) and the cylindrical cavity, metal circular tube (1-1) and cylindrical cavity it
Between tightly packed have porous thermal insulating cotton (1-7).
2. a kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Temperature control bearing plate (3) be bolted to connection and constituted by the upper disk (3-1) and lower wall (3-2) stacked, the upper disk (3-
1) it is made of high-strength low heat conductivity rate material, the lower wall (3-2) is made of high-strength highly-conductive conductivity material, and upper disk (3-1) is under
Gasket one is equipped between disk (3-2), the lower wall upper surface (3-2) is equipped with snakelike detour groove one (3-3), table on upper disk (3-1)
Face and the both ends snakelike detour groove one (3-3) opposite position penetrate through respectively is provided with a cryostat liquid into one (3- of hole
4) and a cryostat liquid portals one (3-5).
3. a kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Temperature control bottom plate (4) be bolted to connection and constituted by the upper plate (4-1) and lower plate (4-2) stacked, the upper plate (4-1)
It is made of high-strength highly-conductive conductivity material, the lower plate (4-2) is made of high-strength low heat conductivity rate material, upper plate (4-1) and lower plate
Gasket two is equipped between (4-2), the upper plate lower surface (4-1), which is located within the scope of metal circular tube 1-1, is equipped with snakelike detour groove two,
Snakelike two both ends of detour groove and the two sides upper plate (4-1) penetrate through respectively is provided with a cryostat liquid into hole two and one
Cryostat liquid portals two.
4. a kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described
Heat preservation on shear box (1) metal circular tube (1-1) in and keep the temperature equal respectively in the metal circular tube (1-1) of lower shear box (2)
There are four even settings thermocouple (5), and four thermocouples (5) described in the metal circular tube (1-1) of shear box (1) are extremely protected in heat preservation
Shear box (1) lower surface distance is 1cm in temperature, keeps the temperature four thermocouples described in the metal circular tube (1-1) of lower shear box (2)
(5) be 1cm to lower shear box (2) upper surface distance is kept the temperature, in heat preservation shear box (1) and its internal metal circular tube (1-1) and
It keeps the temperature and is equipped on the metal circular tube (1-1) of lower shear box (2) and its inside and the derived sealing of corresponding thermocouple (5) conducting wire
Wire guide.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201611002618.7A CN106501097B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | A kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test |
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| CN201611002618.7A CN106501097B (en) | 2016-11-15 | 2016-11-15 | A kind of shear box for freeze thawing soil layer interface direct shear test |
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Families Citing this family (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107727517B (en) * | 2017-11-20 | 2023-12-29 | 大连理工大学 | Energy pile-soil interface shearing experiment device and experiment method |
| CN110146371A (en) * | 2019-04-26 | 2019-08-20 | 山东科技大学 | Heating and thermal insulation sleeve is loaded for large scale rock direct shear test |
| CN109991104A (en) * | 2019-05-06 | 2019-07-09 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | The staight scissors test device and its test method of Rock And Soil bulk material under Freezing-Melting Condition |
| CN110940598B (en) * | 2019-12-20 | 2021-03-16 | 河海大学 | Multifunctional frozen soil circulation single shear test device and test method |
| CN114428024A (en) * | 2021-12-03 | 2022-05-03 | 兰州交通大学 | Shear apparatus for freeze-thaw cycle shear test and test method |
| CN116256250B (en) * | 2023-05-16 | 2023-08-04 | 中国科学院西北生态环境资源研究院 | Dead weight type direct shear apparatus for testing shear strength of movable floor base plate and test method |
| CN117705610A (en) * | 2024-02-06 | 2024-03-15 | 中国科学院、水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所 | Indoor permafrost-active layer interface direct shear testing machine |
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| CN101762431A (en) * | 2010-01-22 | 2010-06-30 | 长安大学 | Freeze-thaw cycle coarse-grained soil shearing test device |
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