Self-cleaning deduster and its dedusting and ash removal method
Technical field
The present invention relates to being used for a kind of self-cleaning deduster and its dedusting and the ash removal method that Wind Volume ash-laden gas is purified in a kind of cleaner, particularly field of Environment Protection.
Background technology
As industrial development and the raising of people's environmental protection consciousness, various dedusting technologies are developed by people, various cleaners also just arise at the historic moment.
In terms of the performance of cleaner is mainly manifested in filtration and deashing two.With dust dedusting technology existing level, filter effect is reached or is not difficult matter better than environmental protection standard, and by the dedusting draught control of cleaner in the predetermined limits then relative difficult.The problem of the operational effect difference occurred in existing cleaner dust pelletizing system is made a general survey of, the overwhelming majority is bad with ash-removal effect to cause resistance rising relevant, therefore " deashing " is the deciding factor for being related to dust pelletizing system success or failure.As operating mode continues, the dust being collected on cleaner filter surfaces will be cumulative, will accordingly increase the running resistance of equipment.In order to ensure that the normal operation of system, cleaner resistance should be maintained within a certain range, deashing should be carried out more than this restriction model together.The quality of ash-removal effect is related to the various indexs such as the economical operation benefit of resistance, efficiency, the service life of filter material and cleaner of cleaner.
Filter and dirt can be sent out on the fiber of filter bag, can also send out dirt on the grieshoch for being attached to filter bag top layer.For example, new filter bag mainly traps more than 1 μm of dust in initial operating stage, and trapping mechanism is effect of inertia, sieving actoion, the effect of blocking, electrostatic precipitation or gravitational settling etc..After adhesion layer of dust is formed in filter cloth surface, then the filter bag can also trap 1 μm of particles below, and can control to spread.These active forces are affected by the size of powder dust particle, density, fibre diameter and the rate of filtration.It is 0.5~100g (dust)/m that sack cleaner processes the dust concentration of air3(gas), therefore, within a few minutes of setting in motion, just in the adhesion layer for meeting knoisphere one layer of dust of formation of filter cloth.This layer of adhesion layer is called and does primary dusts layer or top layer dust.If destroying primary dusts layer in deashing process, then the efficiency of dust collection of deduster will be reduced.
According to latest national standards, the basic demand of deduster deashing is the dust for quickly and evenly peeling off deposition from filter, while can keep certain primary dusts layer again, and does not damage filter and consumes less power.The at present predominantly organic tool vibration dust-cleaning sack cleaner of conventional cleaner, back-blowing sack cleaner, pulse blowing bag type dust precipitator.Mechanical rapping cleaning dust sack cleaner simple structure, reliable, but deashing effect is uneven, can only allow relatively low filtration velocity, and deashing tends to damage filter, destroys primary dusts layer., in whole filter overdraught distribution uniform, vibration is not acutely, less to filter damage, but deashing effect is weaker, it is allowed to which filtration velocity is relatively low for back-blowing sack cleaner.Pulse blowing bag type dust precipitator is a kind of high-effective dust-removing cleaning equipment, have the advantages that ash-removal effect good, purification efficiency is high, process is large-minded, filter life length, maintenance load are little, safe and reliable to operation, high degree of automation.Due to above plurality of advantages, pulse blowing bag type dust precipitator is current most universal, most efficient filter deduster in the world.But, pulse blowing bag type dust precipitator complex structure, equipment volume is big, and is required for arranging one with bagging cage for filter, and this bag of cage needs periodic inspection and replacing, using inconvenience, with high costs, even if not using the deduster of bag cage, primary dusts layer can be still destroyed by the way of blowing type deashing, the minimum dust for filtering 10 milligrams, dust removing effects have much room for improvement.
Content of the invention
The embodiment provides a kind of self-cleaning deduster, for particulate separation out and being trapped, being reclaimed from dusty gas, realize that ash-removal effect is good, purification efficiency is high, process is large-minded, the automation deashing that filter life length, maintenance load are little, safe and reliable to operation.
The above-mentioned technical problem of the present invention is mainly addressed by following technical proposals:
A kind of self-cleaning deduster, including:
For supporting the casing with protective effect;
For being passed through dusty gas and discharging the intake stack and wind pipe of clean gas;
The filter of the solids in for captured gas;
The ash bucket being arranged on below casing, for receiving the dust trapped by deduster;
Include at least two chambers in described casing;Each chamber is with an air inlet and a gas outlet;Air inlet connects intake stack;Gas outlet connects wind pipe;Wind pipe connects a blower fan;The filter is arranged within the chamber.Described air inlet is located at the top of chamber.Gas outlet is preferably disposed on the side partial below of chamber.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, card above chamber, is provided with, for supporting filter;Filter is fixed on card by filtering fixed seat, is filtered fixed seat and is provided with rubber weather strip.Card directly bears the load such as filter and its accessory weight, panel dust stratification, filter bag inner surface viscous ash, air pressure.Rubber weather strip is set between card and filter, is prevented from filter gas leakage, it is ensured that filter effect.Can equally be to play a part of to reinforce filter to arrange a lower face plate below filter.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, described filter is filter bag or filter cylinder.Using the deduster of the ash removal method of the present invention, its filter can omit bag cage or support, can be achieved with dedusting and deashing only with cloth bag.Effect most preferably using Spunbond filament filter material filter bag, this filter bag for straight-tube shape sandwich construction, each Rotating fields be filament fiber laid into netted.Each layer of filament diameter is different, and it is minimum to meet knoisphere filament diameter, incrementally increases from meeting knoisphere and starting filament diameter.Each layer of pore size is also different, and it is minimum to meet knoisphere aperture, incrementally increases from meeting knoisphere and starting aperture.This filter bag meets knoisphere aperture minimum by the way of both surface filtration, by dust-filtering outside cloth, does not result in filtering material obstruction, and the dust for being deposited on top layer is easy to remove, good filtration effect;Do not need bag cage marsupial bone, it is easy to produce, cost-effective.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, also include the bypath system for connecting intake stack and wind pipe, for the gas that exhaust temperature is too high or too low, protect filter.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, in the bypath system, bypass valve is provided with, when dusty gas temperature is below or above filter tolerance range, opens bypass valve.The temperature of deduster flue gas handled in use is change, when the temperature of flue gas is less than filter point temperature, the filter of deduster can be caused paste bag phenomenon occur;When the temperature of flue gas is higher than the filter maximum operation (service) temperature of deduster, the filter of deduster can be caused burning bag phenomenon occur;In addition, when boiler booster occurs or refuels combustion-supporting, the filter of deduster can all occur pasting bag phenomenon.The generation of these phenomenons, can cause deduster normally cannot run, and affect the service life of filter.Therefore, it can filter be protected by setting up bypass flue and bypass valve, extend filter service life.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, the self-cleaning deduster also includes electric control system, and the electric control system is controlled using programmable controller.The various pieces of deduster can be carried out either automatically or manually as requested, and the present invention preferably arranges linkage according to demand.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, the self-cleaning deduster also includes thermostatic control system.
A kind of dedusting and ash removal method for self-cleaning deduster that another embodiment of the present invention is provided, for particulate separation out and being trapped, being reclaimed from dusty gas, realize that ash-removal effect is good, purification efficiency is high, process is large-minded, the automation deashing that filter life length, maintenance load are little, safe and reliable to operation.Comprise the following steps:
(1) chamber is divided into n groups;
(2) the 1st groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(3) the 2nd groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
……
(n+1) n-th group chamber is in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(n+2) repeat above (2) to (n+1) step, make all chambers repeatedly, alternately dedusting or deashing process.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, dedusting mode step is:
1. blower fan is opened, space in casing is under ventilation state;
2. dusty gas is passed through casing by intake stack;
3. air inlet and the gas outlet of chamber are opened, and dusty gas is passed through the filter of chamber in the presence of blower fan;
4. dusty gas passes through filter, granule dust is attached to filter and is met on knoisphere;
5. the clean gas through filtering enter wind pipe from gas outlet in the presence of blower fan, and then discharge deduster.
For the further improvement of above technical scheme, deashing mode step is:
1. the gas outlet of chamber is closed, deashing pattern is entered;
2. air inlet of the dusty gas from above chamber enters filter;
3. under fan action, dusty gas is from up to down moved, and the dust adhered on filter is blowed to ash bucket;Dust mouth of the dusty gas containing multiple particles from below filter is brought into ash bucket, and bulky grain falls into ash bucket, and the dusty gas containing fine particle enters adjacent chamber;
4. the gas outlet of chamber is opened, terminates deashing pattern.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the embodiment of the present invention has advantages below:
1st, filter does not need bag cage marsupial bone, filter zero to rub, be hardly damaged;
2nd, injection or vibrational system are eliminated, and simple structure is cost-effective, is easy to keep in repair and installs;
3rd, the integrality of primary dusts layer is kept, more short grained dedusting and deashing is can adapt to, is had stronger ash-removal effect for fine graineds such as pm2.5;
4th, different chamber replaces deashing, and filtration velocity is high, and process is large-minded, and ash-removal effect is good, improves filter efficiency 20%, safe and reliable to operation, high degree of automation.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is embodiment of the present invention overall structure diagram;
Fig. 2 is embodiment of the present invention top view cross section structural representation;
Fig. 3 is embodiment of the present invention side elevational cross-section structural representation;
Fig. 4 is embodiment of the present invention filter material structural representation;
Fig. 5 is the dedusting of the embodiment of the present invention and deashing flow chart;
Wherein:1- casings, 2- intake stacks, 3- wind pipes, 4- ash buckets, 5- chambers, 51- first chambers, 52- second chambers, the 3rd chambers of 53-, the 4th chambers of 54-, 6- filters, 7- air inlets, 8- gas outlets, 9- blower fans, 10- cards, 12- bypath systems, 13- bypass valves, 14- rubber weather strips.
Specific embodiment
The embodiment of the present invention one provides a kind of self-cleaning deduster, for particulate separation out and being trapped, being reclaimed from dusty gas.The present invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments and realizes process.
A kind of self-cleaning deduster, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, including:For supporting the casing 1 with protective effect;Intake stack 2 and wind pipe 3, are respectively used to be passed through dusty gas and discharge clean gas.Intake stack 2 controls filtration velocity in below 1.4m/min.Ash bucket 4 is arranged on below casing 1, for receiving the dust trapped by deduster, is additionally provided with column, plays a supporting role below ash bucket 4.
Include 8 chambers 5 in described casing 1, intake stack 2 is arranged on inside casing 1, and 8 chambers 5 are correspondingly distributed in casing 1 with intake stack 2 as center line.Two outer walls parallel with intake stack 2 of casing 1 are provided with two wind pipes 3;Two wind pipe 3 is all connected to blower fan 9, converges at blower fan 9.The blower fan 9 adopted in the present embodiment is negative-pressure air fan.
Each chamber 5 is with an air inlet 7 and a gas outlet 8;Air inlet 7 connects intake stack 2;Gas outlet 8 connects wind pipe 3;Wind pipe 3 connects a blower fan 9.Air inlet 7 is arranged on 5 two different faces of chamber with gas outlet 8, and air inlet is located at the top of chamber 5, and dusty gas is passed through in filter;Gas outlet 8 is located at below the side of chamber 5.Here intake stack 2 and 3 position of wind pipe can change according to actual needs, such as arrange chamber yi word pattern, and 1 one side of casing arranges an intake stack 2, and another side arranges wind pipe 3 etc..
Card 10 is provided with above chamber 5, for supporting filter 6;Filter 6 is fixed on card 10 by filtering fixed seat, and is suspended to inside chamber 5.Shown in Fig. 4, filter fixed seat and be provided with rubber weather strip.Card 10 directly bears the load such as filter 6 and its accessory weight, panel dust stratification, 6 inner surface of filter viscous ash, air pressure.Rubber weather strip is set between card 10 and filter 6, is prevented from 6 gas leakage of filter, it is to avoid reduce filter effect.
Filter 6 is used for solids in captured gas.The filtrate of filter 6 is the critical material of cleaner, selects suitable filtrate to have important impact to the normal operation of cleaner and operational effect according to the property of pending gas and dust.Need to consider the suitable filtrates of selecting factors such as gas temperature, humidity, dust granules size, gas chemistry, air cloth ratio, abrasion of particles in practical application.Bag filter is in addition to using PPS materials, it would however also be possible to employ the material such as terylene, glass.Filter 6 described in the present embodiment is bag filter, using the filter bag of Spunbond filament filter material, sandwich construction of this filter bag for straight-tube shape, each Rotating fields be filament fiber laid into netted.See Fig. 5, each layer of filament diameter is different, it is minimum to meet knoisphere filament diameter, incrementally increase from meeting knoisphere and starting filament diameter.Each layer of pore size is also different, and it is minimum to meet knoisphere aperture, incrementally increases from meeting knoisphere and starting aperture.This filter bag is wanted to coordinate with ash removal method of the invention, by the way of both surface filtration, meets knoisphere aperture minimum, by dust-filtering outside cloth, does not result in filtering material obstruction, and the dust for being deposited on top layer is easy to remove, good filtration effect;Do not need bag cage marsupial bone, it is easy to produce, cost-effective.
The present embodiment also includes bypath system 12.The bypath system 12 connects intake stack 2 and wind pipe 3 respectively, controls which by bypass valve 13 and is turned on and off, and for the gas that exhaust temperature is too high or too low, protects filter 6.When dusty gas temperature is below or above 6 tolerance range of filter, bypass valve 13 is opened.The temperature of cleaner flue gas handled in use is change, when the temperature of flue gas is less than dew-point temperature, the filter 6 of cleaner can be caused paste bag phenomenon occur;When the temperature of flue gas is higher than 6 maximum operation (service) temperature of filter of cleaner, the filter 6 of sack cleaner can be caused burning bag phenomenon occur;In addition, when boiler booster occurs or refuels combustion-supporting, the filter 6 of cleaner can all occur pasting bag phenomenon.The generation of these phenomenons, can cause cleaner normally cannot run, and affect the service life of filter 6.Therefore, it can protect filter 6 by bypass flue and bypass valve 13 being set up for cleaner, extend the service life of filter 6.
The present embodiment also includes electric control system, and the electric control system is controlled using programmable controller, and deduster equipment resistance is set smaller than 1500Pa, Automated condtrol is realized.The various pieces of deduster can be carried out either automatically or manually as requested, can also arrange linkage according to demand.
The present embodiment also includes thermostatic control system.Described thermostatic control system can needing using different cooling control modes according to use environment.
Referring to Fig. 5, another embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of dedusting and ash removal method for self-cleaning deduster, for particulate separation out and being trapped, being reclaimed from dusty gas, realize that ash-removal effect is good, purification efficiency is high, process is large-minded, the automation deashing that filter life length, maintenance load are little, safe and reliable to operation.Comprise the following steps:
(1) chamber is divided into 4 groups, is one group relative to the symmetrical two chambers 5 of intake stack 2;
(2) the 1st groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(3) the 2nd groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(4) the 3rd groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(5) the 4th groups of chambers are in deashing pattern, and other group of chamber is in dedusting pattern;
(6) repeat above (2) to (5) step, make all chambers repeatedly, alternately dedusting or deashing process.
Here can also be set according to actual conditions with his packet mode, or interval purge mode, it is also possible to change the time sequencing for entering deashing pattern.Adjacent two chambers are preferably made to enter deashing pattern in the different time periods.
Specifically dedusting mode step is:
1. blower fan is opened, space in casing 1 is under state;
2. dusty gas is passed through casing 1 by intake stack 2;
3. air inlet 7 and the gas outlet 8 of chamber 5 are opened, and dusty gas is passed through the filter 6 of chamber 5 under the attraction of blower fan 9;
4. dusty gas is moved out through 6 wall of filter, and granule dust is attached on 6 inwall of filter;
5. the clean gas through filtering enter wind pipe 3 from gas outlet 8 in the presence of blower fan 9, and then discharge deduster.
Specifically deashing mode step is:
1. the gas outlet of chamber is closed, deashing pattern is entered;
2. air inlet of the dusty gas from above chamber enters filter;
3., under fan action, dust mouth of the dusty gas from below filter is sucked into adjacent chamber;Dusty gas is from up to down moved, and the dust adhered on filter is blowed to ash bucket;
4. the gas outlet of chamber is opened, dedusting pattern is entered.
For preventing in deashing process the 3. walking journey reentrainment of dust, can be with the lower section of chamber, several battery lead plates are installed, battery lead plate is arranged perpendicular to ground, and face the direction of chamber adjacent thereto, or towards adjacent chamber, and certain angle is formed, the dust from adjacent chamber is just absorbed by battery lead plate.
The invention provides a kind of with the diverse purge mode of prior art, the dust removing effects of deduster are inseparable with its deashing mechanism.Deashing is not clean, then dust removing effects reduce, and easily blocking filter;Deashing is excessively clean, then be easily destroyed the primary dusts layer of filter, can equally reduce dust removing effects, it is impossible to reach discharge standard.Using the self-cleaning deduster and its dedusting and ash removal method of the present invention, by changing the direction of motion of air-flow in dedusting pattern and deashing pattern, so as to reach the purpose of dedusting and deashing, eliminate injection or vibrational system, simple structure, cost-effective, it is easy to keep in repair and installs;Filter does not need bag cage marsupial bone, and in deashing process, filter zero rubs, and is hardly damaged;The integrality of primary dusts layer is effectively kept, 5 milligrams of more short grained dedustings and deashing once is can adapt to, is had stronger ash-removal effect for fine graineds such as pm2.5;Different chamber replaces deashing, and filtration velocity is high, and process is large-minded, and ash-removal effect is good, improves filter efficiency 20%, safe and reliable to operation, high degree of automation.
Above a kind of self-cleaning deduster provided by the present invention and its dedusting are described in detail with the embodiment of ash removal method, for one of ordinary skill in the art, according to the thought of the embodiment of the present invention, respective change can be done according to being actually needed in specific embodiments and applications.In sum, this specification content should not be construed as limiting the invention.