CN106485183A - A kind of Quick Response Code localization method and system - Google Patents
A kind of Quick Response Code localization method and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN106485183A CN106485183A CN201610857210.1A CN201610857210A CN106485183A CN 106485183 A CN106485183 A CN 106485183A CN 201610857210 A CN201610857210 A CN 201610857210A CN 106485183 A CN106485183 A CN 106485183A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/14—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light
- G06K7/1404—Methods for optical code recognition
- G06K7/1408—Methods for optical code recognition the method being specifically adapted for the type of code
- G06K7/1417—2D bar codes
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
- G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
- G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
- G06K7/14—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation using light without selection of wavelength, e.g. sensing reflected white light
- G06K7/1404—Methods for optical code recognition
- G06K7/1439—Methods for optical code recognition including a method step for retrieval of the optical code
- G06K7/1443—Methods for optical code recognition including a method step for retrieval of the optical code locating of the code in an image
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Abstract
A kind of Quick Response Code localization method and system, image to being input into carries out prescreening first with the marginal information in two-dimensional code data area to view data, determine and may include the image-region of Quick Response Code as candidate region, to each candidate region, the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary is determined using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned, so as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code, the approximate location finally according to Quick Response Code external boundary determines the exact boundary of Quick Response Code, so as to obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.The present invention can be positioned to the Quick Response Code in image automatically so that by manually need not being interfered when positioning to Quick Response Code in rejection image complex background interference, and by prescreening and coarse positioning, reduce the data processing amount during being automatically positioned.
Description
Technical field
Image procossing of the present invention, and in particular to according to the method and system positioned to Quick Response Code by image.
Background technology
Compared with bar code, Quick Response Code has that information capacity is big, reliability is high, confidentiality and security are good etc. multiple excellent
Point, therefore planar bar code technology obtain in industrial circle and develop rapidly and extensively apply.It is critical only that of planar bar code technology application
Quick Response Code recognizes, i.e., obtains bar code information by some scanning devices, be then decoded.At present, Quick Response Code identification mostly according to
Rely in specific identification equipment, and manual-alignment Quick Response Code to be identified is needed, need manual intervention.Recently as digitized map
As the development for the treatment of technology, the two-dimensional code recognition mode imaged based on camera is occurred in that, after the image of Quick Response Code is got, right
The automatic identification of Quick Response Code is generally included：(1) the automatic detection positioning of bar code；(2) bar code image is processed；(3) Quick Response Code
Decoding.
The automatic detection positioning of Quick Response Code is the first step of bar code identification, and a complicated process.Due to two
In dimension code shooting process, Quick Response Code is often mixed with text or other patterns, and Quick Response Code is only shooting image
A part, in position fixing process, it is necessary to filters out text and other patterns, orients Quick Response Code.What is more, once shoots
May photograph multiple image in 2 D code, in follow-up position fixing process, it is necessary to which this multiple Quick Response Code is identified from background
Come and positioned one by one.Therefore, how to be automatically positioned in complicated image and recognize that Quick Response Code is problem demanding prompt solution.
Content of the invention
The application provides a kind of Quick Response Code localization method and system, can be automatically positioned out Quick Response Code in complicated image.
According in a first aspect, provide a kind of Quick Response Code localization method in a kind of embodiment, including：
Input image data；
Prescreening is carried out to view data using the marginal information in two-dimensional code data area, determining may the figure comprising Quick Response Code
As region is used as candidate region, the marginal information refers to that gray value has the region of mutation；
To each candidate region, the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary is determined using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned,
So as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code；
Approximate location according to Quick Response Code external boundary determines the exact boundary of Quick Response Code, so as to obtain the accurate of Quick Response Code
Positioning.
According to second aspect, a kind of Quick Response Code alignment system in a kind of embodiment, is provided, including：
Figure acquiring unit, for input image data；
Prescreening unit, carries out prescreening for the marginal information using two-dimensional code data area to view data, and determination can
The image-region of Quick Response Code can be included as candidate region, the marginal information refers to that gray value has the region of mutation；
Coarse localization unit, for each candidate region, determining Quick Response Code using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned
The approximate location of external boundary, so as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code；
Unit is accurately positioned, for determining the exact boundary of Quick Response Code according to the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary, from
And obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.
In above-described embodiment, Quick Response Code positioning is carried out based on view data, position fixing process includes prescreening, coarse positioning and essence
Determine position, by the marginal information of image and texture information combine, prescreening carried out, possible two-dimension code area is obtained,
Positioning figure then in conjunction with Quick Response Code carries out coarse positioning, finally determines the accurate side of Quick Response Code on the basis of coarse positioning
Boundary, so as to obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.This positioning mode can be positioned to the Quick Response Code in image automatically so that
By manually need not being interfered when positioning to Quick Response Code in rejection image complex background interference, and by prescreening and
Coarse positioning, reduces the data processing amount during being automatically positioned.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of Data Matrix Quick Response Code；
Fig. 2 is a kind of structural representation of the Quick Response Code identification equipment of embodiment；
Fig. 3 is Quick Response Code positioning flow figure in a kind of embodiment；
Fig. 4 is a kind of flow chart of specific embodiment of prescreening；
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram that whole image data are divided into some data blocks；
Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of the positioning figure of Data Matrix Quick Response Code；
Fig. 7 is a kind of flow chart of specific embodiment of coarse positioning；
Fig. 8 is a kind of schematic diagram of the empty side rectangular area obtained in specific embodiment；
Fig. 9 is a kind of flow chart of pinpoint specific embodiment；
Figure 10 a is the schematic diagram of the scanning area of two solid line external boundaries；
Figure 10 b is the schematic diagram of the scanning area of two dotted line external boundaries；
Figure 11 is a kind of structural representation of the alignment system of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Quick Response Code can be produced by various coded systems, and for convenience of the positioning of Quick Response Code, every kind of Quick Response Code has respective
Location feature, referred to herein as positions figure, and positioning figure is used for bar code symbol positioning and determines bar code structural information, it is also possible to
In symbol location and problem of dtmf distortion DTMF is solved, the surrounding for positioning figure is clear area, for by bar code and background separation.Such as Data
Matrix Quick Response Code, as shown in figure 1, complete Data Matrix Quick Response Code 10 is rendered as the two-dimension code pattern of a rectangle, has
Four edges, two orthogonal solid line external boundaries 11 and two orthogonal dotted line external boundaries 12, centre is chequered with black and white
Data cell constitute data field 13.In embodiments of the present invention, when positioning to the Quick Response Code in image, first will
The marginal information of image and texture information combine, and carry out prescreening, obtain possible two-dimension code area, then in conjunction with Quick Response Code
Positioning figure (Pattern Finder) carry out coarse positioning, on the basis of coarse positioning, finally determine the accurate side of Quick Response Code
Boundary, so as to obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.
Accompanying drawing is combined by specific embodiment by taking Data Matrix Quick Response Code as an example below to make the present invention further in detail
Describe in detail bright.
Embodiment one：
Fig. 2 is refer to, Quick Response Code identification equipment includes image capture module 20 and image processing module 40, IMAQ mould
Block 20 can be that industrial camera, cell-phone camera are first-class, and the view data of collection is sent to image procossing by network interface or USB
Module 40, in a further embodiment, Quick Response Code identification equipment can not also include image capture module 20, and view data also may be used
Directly image processing module 40 is loaded into from local picture, or figure is downloaded to from other servers by wired or wireless network
As processing module 40.
Image processing module 40 includes image quality measure system 41, pretreatment system 42, alignment system 43, image rectification
And strengthening system 44 conciliates code system 45.
Image quality measure system 41 is given a mark to the contrast of input picture, illumination nonlinear change, fog-level,
The span of fraction can be set to 0～1, and marking result is passed to pretreatment system 42.Contrast evaluation adopts region pair
Than degree form, divide the image into as several parts, in each area the difference of the interior maxima and minima for calculating gray scale, then
Divided by maximum, i.e.,
Wherein f (xi,yi) it is coordinate (x in the j of regioni,yi) place gray value.After obtaining the contrast of regional, to institute
The contrast for having pixel region is averaged, and the contrast as whole image is given a mark.The contrast of image is estimated to select
Select based on histogram most secretly between value (minimum reflectance) and its most bright value (maximum reflectivity) midpoint a kind of extremely simple
Method is given a mark to image.
When giving a mark to the nonlinear change of illumination, picture breakdown is two parts：Luminance picture i (x, y) and reflection
Image r (x, y), gives a mark to the nonlinear change of image according to reflected image.
The fog-level evaluation of image is mainly analyzed to the diffusion breadth at edge, and usual image is fuzzyyer, and edge expands
Scattered width is bigger, and image is more clear, and image border diffusion breadth is narrower, and the diffusion breadth according to image border is given a mark.
The result of image quality measure system 41 passes to pretreatment system 42.Pretreatment system is according to picture quality
The score of assessment is judged, if score is less than given threshold, carries out histogram equalization and frequency filtering is processed, strengthen figure
The contrast of picture, reduces the nonlinear change of illumination.Pretreated view data will pass to alignment system 43.If score is more than
Or being equal to given threshold, then view data is directly passed to alignment system 43 by pretreatment system 42.
Alignment system 43 is used for searching two-dimension code area in view data, when finding out Quick Response Code area in view data
Quick Response Code is positioned behind domain, after alignment system 43 will be described in detail.
Image rectification and strengthening system 44 carry out image rectification and enhancing according to the Quick Response Code that alignment system 43 is oriented, figure
As correction is mainly used in trapezoidal distortion is eliminated, perspective correction is carried out, reduce and miss because of the decoding that image in 2 D code transparent effect causes
Difference.Image enhaucament is mainly used in strengthening the contrast of Quick Response Code place image-region, is that binaryzation is prepared, improves Quick Response Code solution
The contrast in code region, so as to improve the accuracy rate of decoding.
Solution code system 45 is used for being identified the data field of Quick Response Code, Quick Response Code is decoded according to coding rule,
In a kind of specific embodiment, decoding is carried out according to international standard ISO/IEC 16022.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that in the embodiment having, image processing module 40 can also be without image matter
One or more in amount assessment system 41, pretreatment system 42 and image rectification and strengthening system 44.
In the present embodiment, alignment system 43 carry out the method for Quick Response Code positioning in view data as shown in figure 3, including with
Lower step：
Step 100, input image data.Two-dimension code pattern may be included in the view data that alignment system 43 is obtained,
Two-dimension code pattern may not included, it is also possible to comprising multiple two-dimension code pattern.
Step 110, prescreening.In this step, pre-sifted is carried out to view data using the marginal information in two-dimensional code data area
Choosing, determines the image-region that may include Quick Response Code as candidate region, and wherein marginal information refers to grey scale pixel value with prominent
The region of change.A kind of specific embodiment of prescreening is as shown in figure 4, comprise the following steps：
Step 111, divides data block.Whole image data are divided into M × N number of data block, M and N can be equal, also may be used
So that as shown in figure 5, including c × d pixel in each data block, c and d can be equal, it is also possible to.Below to every
Individual data block is analyzed.
Step 112, detects the marginal information in each data block.In this step, the main data field feature using Quick Response Code is entered
Row rim detection.Compared to other backgrounds of image, data field is made up of some chequered with black and white data cells, therefore can be formed
Substantial amounts of marginal information.Marginal information can be detected using single order information or second order information.If being entered according to single order information
Row rim detection, can be detected using such as Sobel, Canny scheduling algorithm, be screened according to threshold value, so as to detect side
Edge information；If rim detection is carried out according to second order information, may be selected the null point of second order information as marginal point.This enforcement
In example, it is to reduce amount of calculation, marginal information detection can adopt following algorithm：
The shade of gray of each pixel is calculated first.For a two dimensional image, each pixel may be produced in X-dimension
Raw gray scale mutation, it is also possible to produce gray scale mutation in Y dimension, calculate the gradient magnitude of each pixel by below equation.
In formula, i (x, y) is gray value of the image at pixel (x, y) place, gx(x,y),gy(x, y) is shade of gray in x, y
The component in direction.The gradient magnitude of pixel is：
The edge angle of pixel is：
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that pixel can also be calculated using other algorithms in a further embodiment
Gradient magnitude, for example in a predetermined direction the gray value of adjacent two pixel is subtracted each other and obtains gradient magnitude.
After calculating the gradient magnitude of each pixel, the gradient magnitude of pixel and the second given threshold are compared,
If gradient magnitude is more than the second given threshold, then it is assumed that the pixel is a marginal point, also referred herein as one edge
Information.
Step 113, calculates the edge parameters in each data block according to marginal information.Edge parameters include marginal frequency and side
Edge differential seat angle, marginal frequency refer in the number of the marginal information detected in data block, i.e. data block gradient magnitude more than the
The number of the marginal point of two given thresholds, uses fiRepresent the marginal frequency of i-th data block.Second given threshold is permissible when arranging
According to following principles：If contrast is stronger, the threshold value value is larger, if contrast is poor, the threshold value is less.Due to two dimension
The data field of code is mixed according to coding rule by monochrome data unit and constitutes, and therefore data field can form more marginal information.
Edge angle difference is calculated using following methods：
The histogram of the edge angle of statistics block, can be filtered processing to histogram, it is to avoid the impact of noise, so
Differential seat angle in histogram substantially crest between is calculated afterwards, and the differential seat angle is designated as edge angle difference αi.
For two-dimension code area, the histogram of its edge angle has two obvious crests, and the angle of two crests
Differential is nearly 90 °.Therefore, the edge angle difference α of the data block of statisticsiCloser to 90 °, in data block, the probability containing Quick Response Code is got over
Greatly.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in a further embodiment, it is also possible to define edge parameters comprising more
The parameter related to marginal information, or edge parameters are defined comprising in marginal frequency and edge angle difference.
Step 114, the edge parameters according to each data block judge whether the data block is the data block related to Quick Response Code,
Judge in data block whether a part that may be containing Quick Response Code or Quick Response Code.Number is judged using following steps in the present embodiment
According to whether related to Quick Response Code in block：
Pixel in data block is carried out binary conversion treatment, the ratio of monochrome pixels in statistics block, obtain the first ratio
Example, is designated as ri；
The marginal frequency of statistics block and the ratio of all data numbers of blocks for dividing, obtain calculating percentage shared by edge
Than being designated as the second ratio, i.e.,：
Edge angle difference and 90 degree of the ratio of statistics block, obtains the 3rd ratio, i.e.,：
The weighted sum of the first ratio, the second ratio and the 3rd ratio is calculated, obtains the Relevance scores of the data block:
Score=w1eratio+w2αratio+w3ri(7)
Wherein, w1,w2,w3The weight of respectively each ratio.
Relevance scores score is compared with the 3rd given threshold, the data block is marked according to comparative result, if
The Relevance scores score of the data block is more than the 3rd given threshold, then the attribute of the data block is labeled as True, and representing should
A part for Quick Response Code or Quick Response Code may be included in data block, related to Quick Response Code, otherwise the attribute of the data block is marked
For False, represent that the data block is unrelated with Quick Response Code, belong to background parts.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in other specific embodiments, it would however also be possible to employ other methods judge number
According to block be whether related to Quick Response Code, for example only according to marginal frequency judge data block be whether related to Quick Response Code, if one
Marginal frequency in individual data block is less than certain threshold value, illustrates not containing in the data block in data field, the i.e. data block
May be without Quick Response Code.
Step 115, all data blocks related to Quick Response Code is carried out connection process, obtains connected region.
In the present embodiment, when data block is carried out regional connectivity analysis, in order to reduce the time of the connectivity of region analysis,
A width figure is regenerated, each data block is represented with a gray value, if data block's attribute is True, gray value is set to
255, if data block's attribute is False, gray value is set to 0.It is only that 255 data block is entered to gray value when connecting
Row connection is processed, and the connected region of acquisition is designated as Ri.
Step 116, judges whether connected region size meets the first given threshold, if it is, the connected region is can
The candidate region of Quick Response Code can be included, otherwise the connected region is not processed.The connected region obtained in step 115 may have
One, it is also possible to have multiple, presumable big, had is little, it may be possible to the region comprising Quick Response Code, it is also possible to the mixed and disorderly back of the body
Scape, is to reduce follow-up treating capacity, needs first to judge connected region.In the present embodiment, due to Data Matrix two dimension
Code is rectangle, therefore judges whether connected region meets the side size range of rectangle.
For example, i-th connected region R to obtainingi, first to connected region RiMinimum enclosed rectangle is done, obtains which minimum
The length and width of boundary rectangle is respectively leniAnd widi.
Then by leniAnd widiIt is compared with given threshold, if l1≤leni≤l2,w1≤widi≤w2, then connected region
Domain RiAs the candidate region of positioning region, otherwise ignore the region, wherein l1,l2Lower threshold and the upper limit for zone length
Threshold value, w1,w2Lower threshold and upper limit threshold for peak width.
Referring again to Fig. 3 behind acquisition candidate region, to candidate region execution step 120, coarse positioning process is carried out.
In the step 120, to each candidate region, Quick Response Code external boundary is determined using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned
Approximate location, so as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code.
The positioning figure of the Data Matrix Quick Response Code of the present embodiment definition is the width of a module, is data field
Border, it include the dotted line external boundary information that two solid line external boundary information for intersecting vertically and two intersect vertically, as Fig. 6 institute
Show, the adjacent side being wherein all made up of dark module constitutes " L " shape solid line external boundary 14, and " L " edge-to-edge is by alternate
Two adjacent sides of depth module composition constitute dotted line external boundary 15 again, and solid line external boundary 14 and dotted line external boundary 15 are enclosed
The surrounding of rectangle is clear area, for by Quick Response Code and background separation.In a kind of specific embodiment, using Data Matrix
The positioning figure of Quick Response Code determines the process of the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary as shown in fig. 7, comprises following steps：
Step 121, extracts line segment from candidate region.
Line segments extraction can have two methods select, and one kind is Hough transform method, and one kind is region growth method.No
By being Hough transform method or region growth method, process is all candidate region RiThe information of corresponding image part.Region increases
Regular way is mainly increased using the direction of edge angle, first in candidate region RiMiddle seed point is found out according to marginal information,
In candidate region, the maximum point of gradient magnitude is specifically found out as seed point, then search in 8 neighborhoods of seed point full
The marginal point of sufficient angle conditions is added to growth region, and the angle conditions are：
|θregion-θi|≤τ (8)
θ in formularegionFor the angle of growth region, θiEdge angle for pixel in 8 neighborhoods.Initial growth region
Only one of which seed point, therefore, the initial angle of growth region is the edge angle of seed point.
Often increase a point in growth region, then the angle for updating growth region is：
The point of new growth is continued to increase as seed point, until meeting without pixel in 8 neighborhoods of new seed point
Terminate to increase during angle conditions, fitting a straight line is carried out to the point in growth region, such as using least square fitting, so as to carry
Take out line segment.
In candidate region RiThe pixel not increased in find out the maximum point of gradient magnitude again as seed point,
The region for starting next line segment increases, and extracts next line segment using same method.Candidate region R is so extractediIn
All line segments.
Following information can be obtained after line segments extraction：Center of gravity (the c of each line segmentxi,cyi), length l of line segmenti, line segment
Unit direction vector (nxi,nyi), the end points (p of line segment can be calculated according to these informationx1,py1) and (px2,py2).
The all line segments for extracting are added list of line segments, line segment screening is then carried out, line segment screening includes two aspects, the
One is the screening to line segment length, and second is the screening to line segment quantity.
Step 122, judges whether the length of line segment meets the requirements.
According to positioning figure, solid line external boundary should have a length range, i.e. length limit lupperWith length lower limit
llowerIf the length of line segment is more than length limit lupperOr it is less than length lower limit llower, then by the line segment from list of line segments
Middle deletion, meets the line segment of solid line external boundary length range so as to filter out length.
Whether step 123, judge the quantity of list of line segments middle conductor less than two, if it is, the candidate region is abandoned,
Otherwise execution step 124 is carried out to the candidate region.
Step 124, " L " shape line match." L " shape line match includes two aspects, and first is the coupling of angle threshold, i.e.,
The two lines section that intersecting and angle meets angle threshold is filtered out in the line segment of candidate region, and its judgement formula is：α1<α<α2, its
Middle α1,α2For angle threshold, α is the angle of two line segments, if it is, two line segments meet angle threshold.Second is relative length
Coupling, will the length of two lines section be designated as l respectively1,l2,l1＞ l2, judge whether to meet l1/l2<τ1, wherein τ1Set for user
The threshold value that puts.When above-mentioned two aspects all meet, then the current two lines section for judging is probably " L " shape line segment, then executes step
Rapid 125, if above-mentioned two aspect has one of them to be unsatisfactory for, the current two lines section for judging is not " L " shape line segment, then choose
Execution step 124 is judged two other line segment again, until filtering out whole " L " shape line segments.Can per two " L " shape line segments
A Quick Response Code can be correspond to.
Step 125, obtains the length of " L " shape line segment and the position coordinates on three summits.Three summits on " L " shape side are divided
(x is not designated asi,yi) (i=1,2,3), the length of two lines section is designated as len1,len2And len1＞ len2.So that it is determined that going out this
The approximate location of two solid line external boundaries of all Quick Response Codes in candidate region.
Step 126, empty side are extracted.In the present embodiment, sat according to the length of " L " shape line segment and the position on three summits
In mark, and positioning figure, the position relationship of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary determines the square that two dotted line external boundaries are located
Shape region, specifically includes following steps：
As shown in figure 8, according to " L " shape side information, offseting the rectangular area that certain distance obtains empty side, rectangular area respectively
Information is represented with the upper left point and lower-right most point of rectangle respectively, it is assumed that the upper apex coordinate of the vertical edge on " L " shape side is (x1,y1), " L "
The horizontal edge on shape side is (x by apex coordinate3,y3), the intersecting point coordinate on both sides is (x2,y2), offset distance be τ, then in Fig. 8 on
The rectangular area of side is represented by：
regionupper={ x1-τ,y1-τ,x1+len1+τ,y1+len1-len2+τ} (10)
In Fig. 8, the rectangular area on right side can be expressed as：
regionright={ x1+len2-len1-τ,y1-len1-τ,x3+τ,y3+τ} (11)
Wherein τ is the parameter of user setup.So as to obtain the approximate region that two dotted line external boundaries of Quick Response Code are located, permissible
It was initially believed that dotted line external boundary is located at rectangular area midline position along its length.
In other embodiments, it is also possible to determine the approximate location of two dotted line external boundaries by other methods.
According to above-mentioned steps, two for can extract solid line external boundary and two dotted line external boundaries, outside two solid lines
The region that boundary and two dotted line external boundaries are enclosed is used as candidate's two-dimension code area.
In a preferred embodiment, step 127 can also be included after step 126, respectively along the short of rectangular area
Edge direction searches angle point, and the angle point refers to the intersection point of two edge lines；Judge the face of angle point quantity and the rectangular area of dotted line
Whether product ratio is more than the 4th given threshold, if it is, execution step 128 retains candidate's two-dimension code area to carry out to which
It is accurately positioned, otherwise execution step 129, candidate's two-dimension code area is abandoned, no longer which is accurately positioned.
Fig. 3 is refer again to, to candidate's two-dimension code area execution step 130, Quick Response Code is accurately positioned.
In step 130, the exact boundary of Quick Response Code is determined according to the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary, so as to obtain
Being accurately positioned of Quick Response Code, its concrete handling process is as shown in figure 9, comprise the following steps：
Step 131, respectively from the approximate location of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary to both sides shifted by delta a pixel, raw
Become scanning area.As shown in Figure 10 a, region 16 folded by two horizontal lines and region 17 folded by two vertical lines are respectively two realities
The scanning area of line external boundary.As shown in fig. lob, region 18 folded by two horizontal lines and region 19 folded by two vertical lines are distinguished
Scanning area for two dotted line external boundaries.
Step 132, scans marginal point in scanning area along the direction of arrow in the figure, and the marginal point for obtaining is grouped
P is stored in respectivelyleft,pright,pupper,plowerIn.
Step 133, the marginal point of each group is carried out fitting a straight line (such as least square method), is obtained through iteration optimum straight
Line, so as to respectively obtain the exact position of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary.
Step 134, calculates the position coordinates of four intersection points of two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries.
After above-mentioned steps, the exact position of the four edges of Quick Response Code is obtained.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that in other specific embodiments, other methods may also be employed in solid line
The approximate location of external boundary and dotted line external boundary accurately determines the position of two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries.
Embodiment two：
In the present embodiment, as shown in figure 11, alignment system includes figure acquiring unit 431, prescreening unit 432, rough
Positioning unit 433 and it is accurately positioned unit 434.
Figure acquiring unit 431 is used for input image data.
Prescreening unit 432 is used for carrying out view data prescreening using the marginal information in two-dimensional code data area, determines
The image-region of Quick Response Code may be included as candidate region, the marginal information refers to that gray value has the region of mutation.?
In one instantiation, prescreening unit 432 includes that piecemeal subelement 4321, rim detection subelement 4322, edge parameters are calculated
Subelement 4323, the first judgment sub-unit 4324, connection subelement 4325 and the second judgment sub-unit 4326.
Piecemeal subelement 4321 is used for partitioning image data into several data blocks.
Rim detection subelement 4322 is used for detecting the marginal information in each data block.In a kind of specific embodiment, side
Edge detection sub-unit 4322 detects marginal information in the following manner：Each pixel is calculated in the first dimension and the ladder of the second dimension
Degree component, calculates the gradient magnitude of each pixel, the gradient magnitude of pixel and the second given threshold is entered according to gradient component
Row compares, if gradient magnitude is more than the second given threshold, then it is assumed that the pixel is a marginal information.
Edge parameters computation subunit 4323 is used for calculating the edge parameters in each data block according to marginal information, in a tool
In body embodiment, edge parameters include at least one of marginal frequency and edge angle difference, and marginal frequency is data block manhole ladder
Degree amplitude is more than the number of the marginal information of the second given threshold；Edge angle difference is obtained in the following manner：Divided according to gradient
Amount calculates the edge angle of each pixel, the histogram of the edge angle of statistics block, calculate in histogram substantially crest it
Between differential seat angle, the differential seat angle be edge angle poor.
First judgment sub-unit 4324 is used for judging that whether the data block is and two dimension according to the edge parameters of each data block
The data block that code-phase is closed.In one embodiment, the first judgment sub-unit 4324 is used for for the pixel in data block carrying out two
Value is processed, and the ratio of monochrome pixels in statistics block obtains the first ratio；The marginal frequency of statistics block and division
The ratio of all data numbers of blocks, obtains the second ratio；Edge angle difference and 90 degree of the ratio of statistics block, obtains the 3rd
Ratio；The weighted sum of the first ratio, the second ratio and the 3rd ratio is calculated, obtains the Relevance scores of the data block；By correlation
Property score is compared with the 3rd given threshold, marks whether the data block is the data related to Quick Response Code according to comparative result
Block.
Connection subelement 4325 is used for for all data blocks related to Quick Response Code carrying out connection process, obtains connected region
Domain.
Second judgment sub-unit 4326 is used for judging whether connected region size meets the first given threshold, if it is,
The connected region is possible the candidate region comprising Quick Response Code.
Coarse localization unit 433 is used for each candidate region, determines two dimension using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned
The approximate location of code external boundary, so as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code.In an instantiation, as shown in figure 11, rough fixed
Bit location 433 includes line segments extraction subelement 4331, solid line coarse positioning subelement 4332 and dotted line coarse positioning subelement 4333, line
Section extracts subelement 4331 to be used for extracting line segment from candidate region.Solid line coarse positioning subelement 4332 is used for according to positioning figure
Shape, filters out the line segment that length meets solid line external boundary length range；Judgement meets the line segment of solid line external boundary length range
Whether quantity is less than two, if it is, abandoning the candidate region, otherwise carries out " L " shape line segment in the line segment of candidate region
Coupling, and the length of " L " shape line segment and the position coordinates on three summits is obtained, so that it is determined that going out all two in the candidate region
The approximate location of two solid line external boundaries of dimension code.Dotted line coarse positioning subelement 4333 be used for according to the length of " L " shape line segment with
And the position relationship of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary determines two in the position coordinates on three summits, and positioning figure
The rectangular area that dotted line external boundary is located.The region that two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries are enclosed is candidate's Quick Response Code
Region.
In another instantiation, as shown in figure 11, coarse localization unit 433 also includes to screen subelement 4334 again, then
Screening subelement 4334 is used for after the rectangular area that two dotted line external boundaries are located is determined respectively along the rectangular area
Short side direction search angle point, angle point refers to the intersection point of two edge lines, judges the area ratio of angle point quantity and rectangular area
Whether being more than the 4th given threshold, if it is, retaining candidate's two-dimension code area to be accurately positioned to which, otherwise abandoning
Candidate's two-dimension code area, is no longer accurately positioned to which.
Unit 434 is accurately positioned for the exact boundary of Quick Response Code is determined according to the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary,
So as to obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.In an instantiation, as shown in figure 11, being accurately positioned unit 434 includes skew
Unit 4341, scanning subelement 4342, fitting subelement 4343 and intersecting point coordinate computation subunit 4344.Skew subelement 4341
For intended pixel being offset from the rough position of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary to both sides respectively, generate scanning area.Sweep
Subelement 4342 is retouched for marginal point being scanned along predetermined direction in scanning area, and the marginal point packet for obtaining is preserved.Intend
Zygote unit 4343 is used for for the marginal point of each group carrying out fitting a straight line, respectively obtains the essence of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary
True position.Intersecting point coordinate computation subunit 4344 is used for calculating four intersection points of two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries
Position coordinates.
It will be understood by those skilled in the art that all or part of step of various methods can pass through in above-mentioned embodiment
Program is completed instructing related hardware, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable recording medium, and storage medium can be wrapped
Include：Read-only storage, random access memory, disk or CD etc..
Use above specific case is illustrated to the present invention, is only intended to help and is understood the present invention, not in order to limit
The present invention processed.For those skilled in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, can also make some simple
Deduce, deform or replace.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of Quick Response Code localization method, it is characterised in that include：
Input image data；
Prescreening is carried out to view data using the marginal information in two-dimensional code data area, determining may the image district comprising Quick Response Code
Used as candidate region, the marginal information refers to that gray value has the region of mutation in domain；
To each candidate region, the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary is determined using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned, so as to
Obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code；
Approximate location according to Quick Response Code external boundary determines the exact boundary of Quick Response Code, so as to obtain the accurate fixed of Quick Response Code
Position.
2. the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the marginal information in the utilization two-dimensional code data area is to picture number
Include according to prescreening is carried out：
Partition image data into several data blocks；
Detect the marginal information in each data block；
Edge parameters in each data block are calculated according to marginal information, the edge parameters include marginal frequency and edge angle poor
At least one of, the marginal frequency refers to the number of marginal information in data block；
Edge parameters according to each data block judge whether the data block is the data block related to Quick Response Code；
All data blocks related to Quick Response Code are carried out connection process, obtains connected region；
Judge whether connected region size meets the first given threshold, if it is, the connected region is for including Quick Response Code
Candidate region.
3. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the marginal information in each data block of detection includes：
Each pixel is calculated in the first dimension and the gradient component of the second dimension；
The gradient magnitude of each pixel is calculated according to gradient component；
Gradient magnitude and the second given threshold are compared, if the gradient magnitude of pixel is more than the second given threshold,
Think the pixel for a marginal information；
Edge angle difference is calculated by following steps：
The edge angle of each pixel is calculated according to the gradient component of pixel；
The edge angle of statistics block simultaneously generates histogram, calculates differential seat angle substantially between crest, the angle in histogram
Difference is poor for edge angle.
4. method as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that whether the edge parameters according to each data block judge the data block
It is that the data block related to Quick Response Code includes：
Pixel in data block is carried out binary conversion treatment, the ratio of monochrome pixels in statistics block, obtain the first ratio；
The marginal frequency of statistics block and the ratio of all data numbers of blocks for dividing, obtain the second ratio；
Edge angle difference and 90 degree of the ratio of statistics block, obtains the 3rd ratio；
The weighted sum of the first ratio, the second ratio and the 3rd ratio is calculated, obtains the Relevance scores of the data block；
Relevance scores are compared with the 3rd given threshold, mark the data block to be whether and Quick Response Code according to comparative result
Related data block.
5. the method as any one of Claims 1-4, it is characterised in that the Quick Response Code is Data Matrix two dimension
Code, the positioning figure of the Quick Response Code are included outside two solid line external boundary information for intersecting vertically and two dotted lines for intersecting vertically
Using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned, boundary information, determines that the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary includes：
Line segment is extracted from candidate region；
According to positioning figure, the line segment that length meets solid line external boundary length range is filtered out；
Whether the quantity of the line segment for meeting solid line external boundary length range is judged less than two, if it is, abandoning the candidate regions
Domain, otherwise carries out following process to the candidate region；
" L " shape line match is carried out in the line segment of candidate region, and obtains the length of " L " shape line segment and the position on three summits
Coordinate is put, so that it is determined that going out the approximate location of two solid line external boundaries of all Quick Response Codes in the candidate region；
According to the length of " L " shape line segment and the position coordinates on three summits, and solid line external boundary and dotted line in positioning figure
The position relationship of external boundary determines the rectangular area that two dotted line external boundaries are located, outside two solid line external boundaries and two dotted lines
The region that border encloses is candidate's two-dimension code area.
6. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that line segment is extracted from candidate region by region growth method, tool
Body includes：
Seed point is found out according to marginal information in candidate region；
The point addition growth region for meeting angle conditions is searched in the eight neighborhood of seed point；
The point of new growth is continued to increase as seed point, until terminating to increase；
Fitting a straight line is carried out to the point in growth region, so as to extract line segment.
7. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that after the rectangular area that two dotted line external boundaries are located is determined
Also include：
Short side direction respectively along the rectangular area searches angle point, and the angle point refers to the intersection point of two edge lines；
Angle point quantity is judged with the area ratio of the rectangular area of dotted line whether more than the 4th given threshold, if it is, retaining
Candidate's two-dimension code area abandons candidate's two-dimension code area to which to be accurately positioned, otherwise, no longer which is carried out accurately
Positioning.
8. method as claimed in claim 5, it is characterised in that determine Quick Response Code in the external boundary region of Quick Response Code
Exact boundary include：
Intended pixel is offset from the approximate location of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary to both sides respectively, generate scanning area；
Marginal point is scanned along predetermined direction in scanning area, and the marginal point packet for obtaining is preserved；
The marginal point of each group is carried out fitting a straight line, respectively obtains the exact position of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary；
Calculate the position coordinates of four intersection points of two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries.
9. a kind of Quick Response Code alignment system, it is characterised in that include：
Figure acquiring unit, for input image data；
Prescreening unit, carries out prescreening for the marginal information using two-dimensional code data area to view data, and determining may bag
Used as candidate region, the marginal information refers to that gray value has the region of mutation to image-region containing Quick Response Code；
Coarse localization unit, for each candidate region, being determined outside Quick Response Code using the positioning figure of Quick Response Code to be positioned
The approximate location on boundary, so as to obtain the coarse localization of Quick Response Code；
Unit is accurately positioned, for the exact boundary of Quick Response Code is determined according to the approximate location of Quick Response Code external boundary, so as to obtain
Obtain being accurately positioned for Quick Response Code.
10. system as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the prescreening unit includes：
Piecemeal subelement, for partitioning image data into several data blocks；
Rim detection subelement, for detecting the marginal information in each data block；
Edge parameters computation subunit, for calculating the edge parameters in each data block, the edge parameters according to marginal information
Including at least one of marginal frequency and edge angle difference, the marginal frequency refers to the number of marginal information in data block；
According to the edge parameters of each data block, first judgment sub-unit, for judging whether the data block is related to Quick Response Code
Data block；
Connection subelement, for all data blocks related to Quick Response Code are carried out connection process, obtains connected region；
Second judgment sub-unit, for judging whether connected region size meets the first given threshold, if it is, the connected region
Domain is possible the candidate region comprising Quick Response Code.
11. systems as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that rim detection subelement is used for detecting side in the following manner
Edge information：
Each pixel is calculated in the first dimension and the gradient component of the second dimension；
The gradient magnitude of each pixel is calculated according to gradient component；
The gradient magnitude of pixel and the second given threshold are compared, if gradient magnitude is more than the second given threshold,
Think the pixel for a marginal information；
Edge parameters computation subunit is used for the marginal information in statistics block, obtains marginal frequency；According to gradient component meter
The edge angle of each pixel is calculated, the histogram of the edge angle of statistics block, in calculating histogram substantially between crest
Differential seat angle, the differential seat angle are that edge angle is poor.
12. systems as claimed in claim 10, it is characterised in that the first judgment sub-unit is used for：
Pixel in data block is carried out binary conversion treatment, the ratio of monochrome pixels in statistics block, obtain the first ratio；
The marginal frequency of statistics block and the ratio of all data numbers of blocks for dividing, obtain the second ratio；
Edge angle difference and 90 degree of the ratio of statistics block, obtains the 3rd ratio；
The weighted sum of the first ratio, the second ratio and the 3rd ratio is calculated, obtains the Relevance scores of the data block；
Relevance scores are compared with the 3rd given threshold, mark the data block to be whether and Quick Response Code according to comparative result
Related data block.
13. systems as any one of claim 9 to 12, it is characterised in that the Quick Response Code is Data Matrix bis-
Dimension code, the positioning figure of the Quick Response Code include two solid line external boundary information for intersecting vertically and two dotted lines for intersecting vertically
External boundary information, coarse localization unit include：
Line segments extraction subelement, for extracting line segment from candidate region；
Solid line coarse positioning subelement, for according to positioning figure, filtering out the line segment that length meets solid line external boundary length range；
Whether the quantity of the line segment for meeting solid line external boundary length range is judged less than two, if it is, the candidate region is abandoned, no
In the line segment of candidate region, " L " shape line match is then carried out, and obtain the length of " L " shape line segment and the position on three summits
Coordinate, so that it is determined that go out the approximate location of two solid line external boundaries of all Quick Response Codes in the candidate region；
Dotted line coarse positioning subelement, for the basis length of " L " shape line segment and the position coordinates on three summits, and positioning figure
In shape, the position relationship of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary determines the rectangular area that two dotted line external boundaries are located；Two realities
The region that line external boundary and two dotted line external boundaries are enclosed is candidate's two-dimension code area.
14. systems as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that line segments extraction subelement is by region growth method from Quick Response Code
Approximate region in extract line segment.
15. systems as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that coarse localization unit also includes to screen subelement again, described
Subelement is screened again for respectively along the rectangular area after the rectangular area that two dotted line external boundaries are located is determined
Short side direction searches angle point, and the angle point refers to the intersection point of two edge lines, judges the area ratio of angle point quantity and rectangular area
Whether value is more than the 4th given threshold, if it is, retaining candidate's two-dimension code area to be accurately positioned to which, otherwise loses
Candidate's two-dimension code area is abandoned, no longer which is accurately positioned.
16. systems as claimed in claim 13, it is characterised in that being accurately positioned unit includes：
Skew subelement, for offseting intended pixel from the rough position of solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary to both sides respectively,
Generate scanning area；
Scanning subelement, for scanning marginal point along predetermined direction in scanning area, and the marginal point packet for obtaining is preserved；
Fitting subelement, for the marginal point of each group is carried out fitting a straight line, respectively obtains solid line external boundary and dotted line external boundary
Exact position；
Intersecting point coordinate computation subunit, for calculating the position of four intersection points of two solid line external boundaries and two dotted line external boundaries
Coordinate.
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