CN106484981A - The method that space air-conditioning design parameter is definitely descended by human comfort's heat exchange demand - Google Patents

The method that space air-conditioning design parameter is definitely descended by human comfort's heat exchange demand Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106484981A
CN106484981A CN201610863772.7A CN201610863772A CN106484981A CN 106484981 A CN106484981 A CN 106484981A CN 201610863772 A CN201610863772 A CN 201610863772A CN 106484981 A CN106484981 A CN 106484981A
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underground space
heat
human
human body
unit
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CN106484981B (en
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王丽慧
骆玉兰
刘畅
邹学成
郑彦
倪丹
刘俊
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University of Shanghai for Science and Technology
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F30/00—Computer-aided design [CAD]
    • G06F30/20—Design optimisation, verification or simulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24F—AIR-CONDITIONING; AIR-HUMIDIFICATION; VENTILATION; USE OF AIR CURRENTS FOR SCREENING
    • F24F5/00—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater
    • F24F5/0046—Air-conditioning systems or apparatus not covered by F24F1/00 or F24F3/00, e.g. using solar heat or combined with household units such as an oven or water heater using natural energy, e.g. solar energy, energy from the ground
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24T—GEOTHERMAL COLLECTORS; GEOTHERMAL SYSTEMS
    • F24T10/00—Geothermal collectors
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
    • Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
    • Y02B10/40—Geothermal heat-pumps
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/10—Geothermal energy

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Theoretical Computer Science (AREA)
  • Computer Hardware Design (AREA)
  • Evolutionary Computation (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of method for definitely descending space air-conditioning design parameter by human comfort's heat exchange demand, its step：1）The determination of the quantity of heat convection needed for underground space people, deducts, by total heat exchange amount, the quantity of heat convection that the underground space stably Radiant exothermicity provided by wall temperature draws needed by human body；2）The quantity of heat convection needed for human and environment determines underground space wind speed, temperature design parameter, according to human body and the demand of the quantity of heat convection of environment, in conjunction with the requirement to upper limit wind speed of relation and underground building functions of wind speed and convection transfer rate, final determine that the underground space meets the design temperature of the stable comfortableness of human body and wind speed.The present invention is using the cold emission effect of the stable wall temperature of the underground space, while ensureing Studies of Human Body Heat comfortableness, provide the method that Air-conditioner design temperature and wind speed are determined by human body heat convection demand, new approaches are provided for the determination of underground space air design parameter, with innovative value in terms of underground space air conditioner energy saving.

Description

The method that space air-conditioning design parameter is definitely descended by human comfort's heat exchange demand
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of underground space Air-conditioner design parameter determination method, and in particular to a kind of under steady state conditions, a reactor, From heat exchange of the human body demand angle, the method for determining the lower Indoor Environmental Design parameter of hypogee wall cold emission effect.
Background technology
The final goal of interior architecture thermal environment regulation and control is to meet human thermal comfort requirement, and is directed in existing research The research of hypogee thermal comfort is less, and is separated into radiation heat transfer and heat convection based on the heat exchange amount by human body with environment Two parts simultaneously apply the rare report of the research in Air-conditioner design parameter.The underground space is stable because its relatively stable wall temperature is provided Radiant exothermicity, the present invention makes full use of stable radiation heat transfer to meet in the case of human comfort premised on heat exchange demand On the basis of amount, Air-conditioner design temperature, the speed of the underground space are further determined that by the heat convection demand of human body and environment Etc. parameter, there is theory innovation value and practical meaning in engineering in the comfortable power save parameters design aspect of underground space air-conditioning.
Military Engineering Inst. of Polytechnics of PLA Wu Xing equality is evaluated with Fanger thermal comfort equation and PMV-PPD and is referred to Theoretical foundation is designated as, simulation calculates the indoor thermal environment of Nanjing summer surface structures and deep-buried underground engineering, as a result shows, by In the impact of wall mean radiant temperature, deep-buried underground engineering Air-conditioner design temperature improves 2～3 than ground air conditioner design temperature ℃.Nanjing Military Engineering Inst. Guo Chun letter etc. is the key factor for affecting underground engineering indoor thermal comfort index according to ground temperature, And found using Fanger human thermal comfort equation and PMV-PPD Research on Index System, the high southern area of wall surface temperature, underground Engineering indoor design temperature should be lower than wall surface temperature northern area value low.Li Zhongjian of Harbin Institute of Technology etc. passes through Border in Harbin Area is set up experimental system to run one using soil as the air-conditioning system of low-temperature receiver supplying cold directly, obtains as season The important parameter such as cooling coefficient and average cooling rate is simultaneously studied to its cooling characteristic in run duration, has obtained soil straight Connect conclusion of the cold supply system with huge energy-saving potential in the range of certain region.The studies above has inquired into underground from different perspectives Space air-conditioning design temperature scope and the relation of wall temperature and soil accumulation of energy, but do not carry out from the demand angle of heat exchange of the human body amount Air-conditioning parameter is designed.Proposed by the present invention the method for space indoor design is definitely descended to utilize from heat exchange of the human body demand angle The stable wall temperature of the underground space has fuctuation within a narrow range, takes the peak calculated in the time period, ensureing the heat of human body during calculating Comfortableness, it is considered to the radiation effects of underground space wall, there is provided air conditioner energy saving new approaches, sets to underground space air current composition Meter is worth with important references, embodies comfortable energy-conservation, the theory of underground space sustainable development.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of method for definitely descending space air-conditioning design parameter by human comfort's heat exchange demand, the method In conjunction with the relatively stable feature for causing human and environment radiation heat transfer stable of underground space wall surface temperature, by people's stable state heat comfort condition Under, total heat exchange amount (not considering the latent heat heat exchange amount of underground space human and environment) of underground space human and environment and Radiant exothermicity Difference, i.e. the quantity of heat convection, further determine that the main design parameters such as underground space air themperature and wind speed.
For achieving the above object, the technical scheme is that：One kind determines the underground space by human comfort's heat exchange demand The method of Air-conditioner design parameter, it is characterised in that by under people's stable state heat comfort condition, total heat exchange amount of underground space human and environment With the difference of Radiant exothermicity, i.e. the quantity of heat convection, further determine that the major design such as underground space air themperature and wind speed are joined Number, comprises the following steps that：
1) determination of the quantity of heat convection needed for underground space people
For the human body in the underground space and in steady state thermal comfort conditions, under latent heat heat-exchanging state is not considered, full Sufficient relational expression：Qc=Q-Qr, wherein：Q is total heat dissipation capacity of human body and environment, unit W, QcFor the quantity of heat convection, unit W and Qr For Radiant exothermicity, unit W, wherein, people under thermal comfort lower state with total heat exchange amount Q value scope of environment for 50～ 100W and QrAccording to Stefan-Boltzmann law formula：Eb=σbT4, wherein：EbFor radiant force, unit W/m2；σbFor black matrix Radiation constant, is worth and isT is Kelvin, and unit K, with Radiant exothermicity formula： Wherein：A1、A2For area, unit m2；X1,2For A1To A2Average ascent；ε1、ε1For emissivity, it is calculated, wherein underground is empty Between the stability of wall surface temperature cause QrStability, Q can be obtained furthercCodomain scope；
2) the quantity of heat convection needed for human and environment determines underground space wind speed, temperature design parameter
First, Q is obtained by Newtonian Cooling fortranc=hA (tskin-ta), wherein, taFor air themperature, unit DEG C； A is human body heat exchange area, unit m2；tskinFor skin temperature, unit DEG C；H is convection transfer rate, unit W/ (m2DEG C), its InvaFor air velocity, unit m/s；
Secondly, wind speed is determined according to requirement of the underground space building function to upper wind velocity limit, and then combines human and environment institute The quantity of heat convection for needing further determines that Environment Design temperature.
Step 2) in the stable wall temperature of the underground space mentioned have fuctuation within a narrow range, take during calculating in the calculating time period most High level, to ensure the thermal comfort of human body.
Step 2) in the wind speed of air determine according to the requirement of the concrete building function to upper wind velocity limit of the underground space, in conjunction with Human body heat convection demand further further determines that air themperature.
The present invention has the advantages that：
The relational expression that mentions in the present invention：Qc=Q-QrMiddle Radiant exothermicity takes full advantage of the underground space less than skin temperature The colder wall surface temperature of degree is acted on to the cold emission of human body, is that underground space air conditioner system energy saving provides new approaches.From ground Needed for lower space human body stable state thermal comfort, the angle of heat exchange amount is set out, and refers to the relatively stable of wall offer with taking full advantage of Radiant exothermicity, so as to further determine that Air-conditioner design temperature and wind speed by required the quantity of heat convection, reduces air-conditioning and sets Meter load, fully demonstrated the underground space design energy-saving effect, while also novelty put forward underground space air-conditioning parameter Method for designing, with novelty.
Specific embodiment
Technical scheme is described in detail with reference to case is embodied as.
Embodiment：
Calculated for object using the human body for carrying out gentle activity in market place builet below the ground below.Wherein body surface area A1= 1.54m2；Skin emissivity ε1=0.98, wall emissivity ε2=0.875；Skin temperature tskin=32.7 DEG C；Wall surface temperature t2= 23.2℃.
The method for space air-conditioning design parameter definitely being descended by human comfort's heat exchange demand of the present invention, including following step Suddenly：
1) the quantity of heat convection is calculated：Formula Qc=Q-Qr(Qc：The quantity of heat convection, W；Q：Human body and total radiating of environment Amount, W；Qr：Radiant exothermicity, W), wherein Q takes the median of 50～100W of scope as calculating standard value, i.e. Q=75W；Qr's Computational methods are as follows：
(1) human body skin radiant force and Wall Radiation power are calculated：By known tskin(human body temperature, DEG C) and t2Be converted to Open type temperature T1=32.7+273=305.7K；T2=23.2+273=296.2K, and which is substituted into Stefan-Bohr hereby respectively Graceful law Eb=σbT4, it is calculated Eb1=495.2W/m2、Eb2=436.4W/m2(Eb1：Human body radiation power, W/m2；Eb2：Wall Radiant force, W/m2；Tskin：Skin temperature, K；T2：Wall surface temperature, K；σb：Black body radiation constant, is worth for 5.67 × 10-8W/(m2· K4))；
(2) Radiant exothermicity is calculated：Radiant exothermicity formula(A2：Wall face Product, m2；X1,2, A1To A2Average ascent, inquiry document must be worth for 0.17), wherein because A2＞ ＞ A1, therefore negligibleOne, then can simplify formulaAgain by Eb1、Eb2、ε1, X1,2Formula is substituted into, is calculated Obtain Qr=15.3W；
Therefore by Q, QrQ is calculated after substituting into formulac=59.7W；
2) determination of underground space design parameter：According to U.S.'s professional standard ASHRAE 55-2010 regulation, market class ground Lower space air velocity vaFor 0.8m/s, formula is substituted intoObtainKnot will be calculated again Fruit substitutes into Newtonian Cooling formula Qc=hA1(tskin-ta), obtain ta=27.5 DEG C；Therefore finally give underground space Air-conditioner design ginseng Number：ta=27.5 DEG C, va=0.8m/s.

Claims (3)

1. a kind of method that space air-conditioning design parameter is definitely descended by human comfort's heat exchange demand, it is characterised in that steady by people Under state heat comfort condition, total heat exchange amount of underground space human and environment and difference, the i.e. the quantity of heat convection of Radiant exothermicity, enter one Step definitely descends the main design parameters such as space air temp and wind speed, comprises the following steps that：
1) determination of the quantity of heat convection needed for underground space people
For the human body in the underground space and in steady state thermal comfort conditions, under latent heat heat-exchanging state is not considered, meet and close It is formula：Qc=Q-Qr, Q is total heat dissipation capacity of human body and environment, unit W, QcFor the quantity of heat convection, unit W；QrFor radiation heat transfer Amount, unit W, wherein, people under the thermal comfort lower state with total heat exchange amount Q span of environment for 50～100W QrRoot According to Stefan-Boltzmann law formula：Eb=σbT4, wherein：EbFor radiant force, unit W/m2；σbFor black body radiation constant, it is worth ForT is Kelvin, unit K；With Radiant exothermicity formula： Wherein：A1、A2For area, unit m2；X1,2For A1To A2Average ascent；ε1、ε1For emissivity, it is calculated, wherein underground is empty Between the stability of wall surface temperature cause QrStability, Q can be obtained furthercCodomain scope；
2) the quantity of heat convection needed for human and environment determines underground space wind speed, temperature design parameter
First, Q is obtained by Newtonian Cooling fortranc=hA (tskin-ta), wherein, taFor air themperature, unit DEG C；A is human body Heat exchange area, unit m2；tskinFor skin temperature, unit DEG C；H is convection transfer rate, unit W/ (m2DEG C), whereinvaFor air velocity, unit m/s；
Secondly, wind speed is determined according to requirement of the underground space building function to upper wind velocity limit, and then with reference to needed for human and environment The quantity of heat convection further determines that Environment Design temperature.
2. according to claim 1 definitely descended in the method for space air-conditioning design parameter by human comfort's heat exchange demand, It is characterized in that：Step 2) in the stable wall temperature of the underground space mentioned have fuctuation within a narrow range, take during calculating in the calculating time period Peak, to ensure the thermal comfort of human body.
3. according to claim 1 definitely descended in the method for space air-conditioning design parameter by human comfort's heat exchange demand, It is characterized in that：Step 2) in the wind speed of air determine according to the requirement of the concrete building function to upper wind velocity limit of the underground space, Further air themperature is further determined that in conjunction with human body heat convection demand.
CN201610863772.7A 2016-09-29 2016-09-29 The method that underground space Air-conditioner design parameter is determined by human comfort's heat exchange demand Expired - Fee Related CN106484981B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
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CN102024080A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-04-20 西安建筑科技大学 Simplified calculation method for designing night ventilation and cooling of buildings
CN102644994A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-08-22 同济大学 Large-scale underground space frequency conversion combined ventilation system
CN103557945A (en) * 2013-10-09 2014-02-05 中国科学院力学研究所 Method for calibrating heat flow meter through blackbody radiation

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101216203A (en) * 2007-01-04 2008-07-09 潘戈 Energy storage type air conditioner temperature-changing method and dedicated apparatus adopting groundwater reservoir and water source heat pump
CN102024080A (en) * 2010-12-01 2011-04-20 西安建筑科技大学 Simplified calculation method for designing night ventilation and cooling of buildings
CN102644994A (en) * 2012-05-08 2012-08-22 同济大学 Large-scale underground space frequency conversion combined ventilation system
CN103557945A (en) * 2013-10-09 2014-02-05 中国科学院力学研究所 Method for calibrating heat flow meter through blackbody radiation

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