CN106484808A - A kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method - Google Patents
A kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106484808A CN106484808A CN201610846548.7A CN201610846548A CN106484808A CN 106484808 A CN106484808 A CN 106484808A CN 201610846548 A CN201610846548 A CN 201610846548A CN 106484808 A CN106484808 A CN 106484808A
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- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F16/00—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor
- G06F16/20—Information retrieval; Database structures therefor; File system structures therefor of structured data, e.g. relational data
- G06F16/22—Indexing; Data structures therefor; Storage structures
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Abstract
A kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method that the present invention is provided is started with from the distinctive road network environment of transportation industry with data acquisition environment, by to relevant database, data warehouse etc. is towards comprehensive combing and the transformation of single data resource enterprise schema, propose OO Data Modeling Method, with people, car, the identity of three big traffic main body of road, objectification, ontological is created as trunk, integrating object metadata, data address, external object and internal object, form standard object atom model, and networking forms data crystal, support traffic big data platform intergration environment and data development.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of traffic object holography electronics towards the platform construction of traffic big data and data open service
Archives (Full Information Data Archives, FIDA) Data Modeling Method, by city expressway, ground road
The infrastructure equipments such as road, each grade road of inter-province expressway, ancillary data collecting device, traffic flow initial data, algorithm
As a result the objectification construction with data results such as technical indicators, realize to the natural geometrical relationship of road, topological relation
Body Object Creation is described with metadata attributes, and the unification of optimized integration data resource is stored and integration organization, across " intelligence
Traffic ", " big data ", " artificial intelligence " and multiple fields such as " internets+".
Background technology
Traffic big data is subject to the great attention of various circles of society and generally recognizes as an important industry branch of big data
Can, with the persistently overheating of traffic big data in recent years, academia and engineering circles all to how by traffic big data aid decision,
Added Management, deeply study and judge, BPR, business analysis and community service propose vary, various requirements, this
It is the important social promotion power of traffic big data development, and fervent craving and ardent phase of the various circles of society to traffic data resource
Expect.From the world to the country, both the central and local governments, government agencies at all levels, employer's organization, academia and industrial circle are continual to be pushed away
Dynamic data are opened and data platform construction, have emerged in large numbers emerging system and the mechanisms such as large quantities of data centers, data trade platform, can
Meaning is vigorous, haves a bright future.
According to Constructing ideas and the construction mode of current traffic big data system, platform and trading environment, be still according to
Each functional department, every profession and trade bar line are carried out respectively, between data system, between data platform and between data center are all
Mutually isolated, mutually incompatible, even if the magnitude of traffic flow, excessively travel speed, universally recognized basic concept and the original such as car record
Beginning gathered data resource, all cannot realize interconnecting in system-level aspect, and fragmentation, isolated island phenomenon are still universal.
Content of the invention
Present invention seek to address that Current traffic industry all departments, each bar line and each system data resource cannot be shared and be interacted
Problem, especially needs to solve under same link object with road network structure, identical traffic flow parameter, space upstream and downstream, time
The cross-system data identification of upstream and downstream and logic upstream and downstream and Conjoint Analysis problem.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the technical scheme is that there is provided a kind of traffic object holography electronic record
Data Modeling Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, confirmation target traffic object：With city expressway, surface road, state province arterial highway, intercity highway, or
City congruence level road network is as holographic electronic record modeling object scope, according to point, line, surface, four Spatial Dimension main classes of body, right
All kinds of traffic entity objects are standardized classification, and traffic entity object is related to traffic data and can be independently right for all
As changing people, physical entity or the rule of expression；
Step 2, establishment data atom model：Classified according to object, create the atom model member of each object class and become
Member's depth, atom model member include identity label, metadata, data address, external object and internal object, wherein：Identity
Label mark, definition, coding, one group of unique concept collection of description object；Metadata includes static metadata, dynamic metadata,
One group of concept for carrying out classification declaration in terms of management, description, storage, technology, user's definition, user management are several to object is closed
System, attribute, member, explanation, object relationship set；Data address：Store path address with time integral data；Outside
Object：Homogeneous object outside existing object, parent object, the object set of derivation object；Internal object：Inside existing object
Comprising subobject, member object object set, be that each data class defines identity label；
Step 3, the maximum collection of establishment metadata：According to object type and individual instances, metadata type and structure is set up
Level, covers all traffic objects according to greastest element data member collection, if traffic object does not have a certain metadata, the value is
Empty；
Step 4, establishment data mapping relations：According to the initial data that each traffic object is accessed, object and data are created
Mapping relations, object preserve data file data address, in big data system persistence preserve；
Step 5, establishment data object connected relation：Traffic object has been created, according to the natural geometrical relationship of road network
Spatially communicating downstream is created with topological relation, external object relation is set up by identity label；
Step 6, establishment object are inherited and member relation：Traffic object is created, according to point, line, surface, body, and road network, has been set
Standby and data creation object is inherited and member relation, sets up internal object relation by identity label；
Step 7, establishment coding and object networking：Close according to the object external relations for having created, internal relations, data mapping
System, metadata, create object coding by identity label, and the network for setting up data object according to atom model structure member is closed
System；
Step 8, set up data object and map with big table：By traffic big data system initialization holography electronic record to greatly
In data system, the physical connection with big table data is completed, complete special by the static state of the traffic object in holographic electronic record
Levy and retrieve with dynamic data, wherein dynamic data includes traffic parameter, index and the application result generated by algorithm.
Preferably, also include after the step 8：
Step 9, holographic electronic record update：To the increase of individual objects, deletion and modification in built traffic object network,
For the newly-built outside or inside object connection of individual subject, annexation or membership is deleted, incidence relation between object is changed,
When such as to new added road, create newly-built road object identity label and atom model establishment is completed, interrupt original adjacent road
Connected relation, inserts newly-built road and completes coding mapping, realize local updating.
The present invention is started with from the distinctive road network environment of transportation industry with data acquisition environment, by relational data
Storehouse, data warehouse etc. propose OO data modeling towards comprehensive combing and the transformation of single data resource enterprise schema
Method, is created as trunk, integrating object meta number with people, car, the identity of three big traffic main body of road, objectification, ontological
According to, data address, external object and internal object, form standard object atom model, and networking form data crystal, support and hand over
Logical big data platform intergration environment and data development.
The present invention proposes OO traffic data method for organizing, compares traditional facing relation type business datum, data
The beneficial effect of depot data method for organizing is：
1) object independence：Traffic object holography electronic record proposed by the present invention, its elementary cell large data objectses tool
Have logical independence, each large data objects be with the true of identity label, metadata, data address and object relationship
Individuality, road equipment, data acquisition equipment, distribution apparatus physics and data characteristics in various dimensions reflection road network, different from tradition
Relation fragment and feature disappearance between relation database table, data warehouse dimension table and true table.
2) network completeness：Holography electronic record proposed by the present invention has complete road network and supplementing facility equipment expression
Ability, at the same with basic data, initial data, process data, result data Integrative expression ability, through the traffic of networking
Object implementatio8 satisfies the need the complete expression of all kinds of traffic entity on the net.
3) object persistency：Traffic object holography electronic record proposed by the present invention, its traffic object truly reflect road
Infrastructure, the true spatial location of equipment, topological relation and the characteristics of management in net, with very strong persistence, can realize
Once build, Long-Time Service, object have persistence.
4) application flexibility：Traffic object holography electronic record proposed by the present invention, possesses and examines towards all kinds of traffic datas
Rope, the configurations customization Extracting Ability that traffic analysis application, traffic data are excavated, traffic big data can be serviced towards each industry
Business direction and the market demand of operation function, and foundation structure does not change in application process, with very strong application spirit
Activity.
5) locality is changed：Traffic object holography electronic record proposed by the present invention, renewal office stable with network structure
Portion's property feature, is increased newly, changed and is deleted to arbitrary independent traffic object unit, will not destroy the overall connectedness of network with
Stability, with local modification, the whole network more new feature.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is traffic object data atom illustraton of model；
Fig. 2 is data atom model lattice network；
Fig. 3 is metadata member's structure chart；
Fig. 4 is data address mapping relations net；
Fig. 5 is the connective and outside incidence relation figure of object.
Specific embodiment
For becoming apparent the present invention, hereby with preferred embodiment, and accompanying drawing is coordinated to be described in detail below.
Present invention aim to address the protection sexual openness of existing traffic data system, traffic data platform, standardization are visited
Ask, measurable transaction issues, by traffic object proposed by the present invention holography electronic record Data Modeling Method, realize to existing
The localization protection of traffic data system initial data resource is rebuild with standardized structural, realizes homogeneous object data between cross-system
Resource is mutually recognized and is shared with linkage, is strengthened traffic big data depth integration and is worth mining ability.
A kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method proposed by the present invention, is set using OO software
Meter thought creates large data objectses (Big Data with theory to road network, affiliated facility, auxiliary device and data resource
Object, BDO), according to point, line, surface, four Spatial Dimension main classes of body, to section, intersection, split point, track, path, area
All kinds of traffic entity objects such as domain road network, viaduct, comprehensive hinge are standardized classifying, are grouped, according to identity label
Identity, metadata Metadata, data address Data-Address, external object Outer-BDO, internal object Inner-
The object members such as BDO create data atom model (Data Atomic Structure Model, DASM) with relation, by right
As between storage address key and with the mapping relations between big table data address Value, complete to traffic large data sets cyclization
Border is built.Following concept is employed in the present invention：
Holographic electronic record (Full Information DataArchives, FIDA)：The key concept of the present invention, face
To the platform construction of traffic big data and a kind of Data Modeling Method of opening service for society application vision, by OO class
Design, realizes the objectification description to the key traffic entity such as people, car, road, and correlation can obtain the auxiliary device of data, right
Consistent as the panorama picture such as base attribute metadata, algorithm model, evaluation index, historical rudiment, fuzzy characteristics, correlated resources
Change storage and integration expression.
Large data objectses (Big Data Object, BDO)：All are related to traffic data and being capable of standalone object table
People, physical entity or the rule for reaching.Wherein：
Data are related：All BDO objects be required for associated with the data, including but not limited to collection, storage, record, absorb,
The data behavior such as read, and involved data item have and at least one be that time course is related, such as flow, speed, GPS are fixed
Position etc..If data not produced with the time, only there is the object of static configuration not as BDO.
Standalone objectization is expressed：Two layers of meaning, independently refers to that all of BDO object necessarily has the individuality on border, no
The object on border can be clearly divided, such as air, tail gas etc. cannot function as the appearance of BDO object；Objectification is referred to norm structure
With class hierarchy relation, with unified masterplate framework.
People or crowd：One of source of BDO object, with the classification such as the individual social function of people, age such as driver, takes advantage of
The object that the data sources such as visitor, pedestrian, permanent resident population, floating population, student, more than 70 years old old man are created, or lived with crowd
The object of the establishments such as dynamic behavior such as tourist group；The object of people also includes the user of big data platform.
Physical entity：One of source of BDO object, possesses collection, generation, reading, storage, conversion traffic data and association
The facility of data, equipment；Facility includes road object, the such as facility pair such as node, section, section, track, path, Regional Road Network
As；Equipment includes the handheld device of fixing equipment, mobile unit, and people, the entity such as server.In data correlation environment,
BDO can produce, obtain, storing, managing to liking physical equipment entity and the related facility of data.
Logic rules：One of source of BDO object, reads in data Input_Data, and warp by data-interface, file etc.
Processing procedures Oper_Data such as certain inherent process logic, method, flow process, association are crossed, and is generated new data and exports
The logic rules object of Out_Data.This class object is mainly directed towards the statistics of transport information process, analysis, algorithm, model etc..
In conjunction with Fig. 2, data atom model (Data Atomic Structure Model, DASM)：Present invention holography electronics
A kind of general infrastructure of each BDO object in archives, as shown in Figure 1 each BDO object include identity label Identity,
The big knot of metadata Metadata, data address Data-Address, external object Outer-BDO and internal object Inner-BDO5
Composition person, each BDO member pass through the outside organic interconnection of BDO object according to space connected relation, logic connected relation, and by number
According to the data file in address information big data system.
Identity label Identity：Mark, definition, coding, description BDO object one group of unique concept collection, all can
Become class or the object of BDO object, it is necessary to have and unique with a label Identity set.Member's bag that label includes
Include：
Title Name：Chinese word or the English word group of BDO object can be clearly expressed, is supported by semantic retrieval, per
Individual BDO object has and only one of which official name, but can have many alias, and such as induction coil, is coil, ground induction coil again
Deng, BDO object Name be one based on official's name, the list of many alias can be added.Name set will be used as body
Member supports semantic net.
Coding Code：According to the BDO object unique mark machine code that certain coding rule confirms, it is the storage of BDO object
Unique identities certification and index key assignments.For the outside BDO object for importing, while local Code is generated, object of reservation
With the relation between the Key of source, formed<Key, Code>Key-value pair realizes coding binding, and coding binding is local platform and external source number
According to contact stipulations.
Description text DesTxt：Text to BDO object factory, such as explain coil, car plate or GPS what is, do assorted
Use and how to use etc..DesTxt length does not limit (giving maximum length restriction).
In conjunction with Fig. 3, metadata Metadata：Including static metadata StaticMeta, dynamic metadata
DymaticMeta, from management Management, description Description, storage Memory, technology Technology, Yong Huding
Adopted User-defined, user management User-Managed, the several aspects of user procedures User-Process are carried out to BDO object
One group of conceptual relation of classification declaration, attribute, member, explanation, object relationship set.Metadata is comprehensive analysis and illustrates BDO
The concept set of relation between object itself and BDO, including：
Management class metadata Management：All management class attribute related to BDO object, object relationship explanation；Pipe
Reason generic attribute is included but is not limited to：Management unit, department, personnel, regulation, criterion etc..
Description class metadata Description：All description generic attributes related to BDO object, object relationship explanation；Retouch
State generic attribute to include but is not limited to：Position, color, shape, type etc..
Storage class metadata Memory：All storage class attributes related to BDO object, object relationship explanation；Storage class
Attribute is included but is not limited to：Storage cell, storage format, server address etc..
Technology class metadata Technology：All technology generic attributes related to BDO object, object relationship explanation；Skill
Art generic attribute is included but is not limited to：Input, output, method, model, instrument, flow process etc..
Using class metadata Using：All use generic attributes related to BDO object, object relationship explanation；Using generic
Property is included but is not limited to：Range, using method, using crowd etc..
User defines metadata User-defined：All user individual feature is produced in use by user
The explanation of BDO object correlated characteristic and vestige record.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, data address Data-Address：Big table data address Value-Address, file data File-
Address, method address Method-Address, data stream address Stream-Address, dynamic metadata etc. are with the time
The store path address of accumulation property data, is stored under BDO object mandatory member's structure, passes through<Key, Value>Index data
Value.
In conjunction with Fig. 5, external object Outer-BDO：Homogeneous object La-BDO of current BDO outside (without itself), parent
The BDO set such as object Per-BDO, derivation object Pro-BDO, index BDO object each other by Identity.
Internal object Inner-BDO：The BDO collection such as subobject that current BDO internal (without itself) includes, member object
Close, BDO object is indexed each other by Identity.
Based on above-mentioned concept, a kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method that the present invention is provided includes following
Step：
Step 1, confirmation target traffic BDO object：Public at a high speed with city expressway, surface road, state province arterial highway, administrative region of a city
Road, or city congruence level road network as holographic electronic record modeling object scope, traffic is set by a class, line class, noodles, body class
Apply, the basis BDO object such as equipment is classified.
Step 2, establishment data atom model DASM：Classified according to BDO object, the data for creating each BDO object class are former
The member of submodel DASM and member's depth, are that each data class defines retouching for unique description object in identity label dentity
State text DesTxt, title Name etc.；
Step 3, the maximum collection of establishment metadata Metadata：According to BDO object type and individual instances, metadata is set up
Metadata type and layer of structure, cover all traffic objects according to greastest element data member collection, if BDO object does not have certain
Item metadata, the value can be sky；
Step 4, establishment data mapping relations：According to the initial data that each BDO object is accessed, BDO object and number is created
According to mapping relations, BDO object preserve data file data address Data-Address, in big data system persistence protect
Deposit；
Step 5, establishment data object connected relation：Created BDO object, according to road network natural geometrical relationship with
Topological relation creates spatially communicating downstream, sets up external object Outer-BDO relation by identity label Identity；
Step 6, establishment BDO object are inherited and member relation：BDO object has been created, according to point, line, surface, body, and road network,
Equipment and data creation object are inherited and member relation, set up internal object Inner-BDO pass by identity label Identity
System；
Step 7, establishment coding and object networking：According to the external object Outer-BDO relation for having created, internal object
Inner-BDO relation, data mapping relations, metadata Metadata etc., create object coding by identity label Identity,
And the cyberrelationship of data object is set up according to data atom model DASM member；
Step 8, set up data object and map with big table：By traffic big data system initialization holography electronic record to greatly
In data system, the physical connection with big table data is completed, complete special by the static state of the traffic object in holographic electronic record
Levy and retrieve with dynamic data, wherein dynamic data includes traffic parameter, index and the application result generated by algorithm；
Step 9, holographic electronic record update：To the increase of indivedual BDO objects in built traffic object network, delete and repair
Change, annexation or membership can be deleted, changes BDO object for the newly-built outside or inside object connection of individuality BDO object
Between incidence relation, during such as to new added road, newly-built road object identity label Identity can be created and complete atom model wound
Build, the connected relation of original adjacent road is interrupted, insert newly-built road and coding mapping is completed, realize local updating.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps：
Step 1, confirmation target traffic object：With city expressway, surface road, state province arterial highway, intercity highway, or city
Congruent level road network as holographic electronic record modeling object scope, according to point, line, surface, four Spatial Dimension main classes of body, to all kinds of
Traffic entity object is standardized classification, and traffic entity object is related to traffic data and being capable of standalone object for all
The people of expression, physical entity or rule；
Step 2, establishment data atom model：Classified according to object, create atom model member and member's depth of each object class
Degree, atom model member include identity label, metadata, data address, external object and internal object, wherein：Identity label
Mark, definition, coding, one group of unique concept collection of description object；Metadata includes static metadata, dynamic metadata, from pipe
Reason, description, storage, technology, user definition, user management several aspects object is carried out classification declaration one group of conceptual relation,
Attribute, member, explanation, object relationship set；Data address：Store path address with time integral data；Outside right
As：Homogeneous object outside existing object, parent object, the object set of derivation object；Internal object：Bag inside existing object
The subobject that contains, the object set of member object, are that each data class defines identity label；
Step 3, the maximum collection of establishment metadata：According to object type and individual instances, metadata type and layer of structure is set up,
All traffic objects are covered according to greastest element data member collection, if traffic object does not have a certain metadata, the value is sky；
Step 4, establishment data mapping relations：According to the initial data that each traffic object is accessed, establishment object is reflected with data
Relation is penetrated, object preserves the data address of data file, persistence is preserved in big data system；
Step 5, establishment data object connected relation：Created traffic object, the natural geometrical relationship according to road network with open up
Flutter relation and spatially communicating downstream is created, external object relation is set up by identity label；
Step 6, establishment object are inherited and member relation：Created traffic object, according to point, line, surface, body, and road network, equipment and
Data creation object is inherited and member relation, sets up internal object relation by identity label；
Step 7, establishment coding and object networking：According to created object external relations, internal relations, data mapping relations,
Metadata, creates object coding by identity label, and sets up the cyberrelationship of data object according to atom model structure member；
Step 8, set up data object and map with big table：By traffic big data system initialization holography electronic record to big data
In system, complete the physical connection with big table data, complete by the static nature of the traffic object in holographic electronic record with
Dynamic data is retrieved, and wherein dynamic data includes traffic parameter, index and the application result generated by algorithm.
2. a kind of traffic object holography electronic record Data Modeling Method as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that described
Also include after step 8：
Step 9, holographic electronic record update：To the increase of individual objects in built traffic object network, delete and modification, for
The newly-built outside or inside object connection of individual subject, deletes annexation or membership, changes incidence relation between object, such as right
During new added road, create newly-built road object identity label and atom model establishment is completed, interrupt the connection of original adjacent road
Relation, inserts newly-built road and completes coding mapping, realize local updating.
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