CN106484318A - The control based on seeervice level of storage system - Google Patents

The control based on seeervice level of storage system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106484318A
CN106484318A CN201610796278.3A CN201610796278A CN106484318A CN 106484318 A CN106484318 A CN 106484318A CN 201610796278 A CN201610796278 A CN 201610796278A CN 106484318 A CN106484318 A CN 106484318A
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China
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data
level
data storage
seeervice
seeervice level
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CN201610796278.3A
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CN106484318B (en
Inventor
P.邓恩
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Western Digital Technologies Inc
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Hitachi Global Storage Technologies Netherlands BV
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
    • G06F3/0613—Improving I/O performance in relation to throughput
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0668—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems adopting a particular infrastructure
    • G06F3/0671—In-line storage system
    • G06F3/0683—Plurality of storage devices
    • G06F3/0685—Hybrid storage combining heterogeneous device types, e.g. hierarchical storage, hybrid arrays
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/0604—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management
    • G06F3/0605—Improving or facilitating administration, e.g. storage management by facilitating the interaction with a user or administrator
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/0608—Saving storage space on storage systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/061—Improving I/O performance
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0602—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems specifically adapted to achieve a particular effect
    • G06F3/0625—Power saving in storage systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
    • G06F3/0631—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems by allocating resources to storage systems
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0629—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems
    • G06F3/0634—Configuration or reconfiguration of storage systems by changing the state or mode of one or more devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
    • G06F3/00—Input arrangements for transferring data to be processed into a form capable of being handled by the computer; Output arrangements for transferring data from processing unit to output unit, e.g. interface arrangements
    • G06F3/06—Digital input from, or digital output to, record carriers, e.g. RAID, emulated record carriers or networked record carriers
    • G06F3/0601—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems
    • G06F3/0628—Interfaces specially adapted for storage systems making use of a particular technique
    • G06F3/0646—Horizontal data movement in storage systems, i.e. moving data in between storage devices or systems
    • G06F3/065—Replication mechanisms
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D10/00—Energy efficient computing, e.g. low power processors, power management or thermal management

Abstract

For providing the enhancing operation of data storage device and system, there is provided various systems, equipment, method and software.In the first example, present data-storage system.This data-storage system includes data storage device, and this data storage device includes the medium of storage for data and retrieval.This data-storage system includes being configured to receive the main interface being selected by the seeervice level that main system indicates of the seeervice level control for one or more data storage devices.This data-storage system includes being configured to the storage control system according to the one or more data storage device of seeervice level selection operation.

Description

The control based on seeervice level of storage system
Technical field
The aspect of the disclosure is related to the field of the data storage data array of storage devices in data-storage system.
Background technology
The computer of such as data-storage system, server system, cloud storage system, personal computer and work station etc Typically comprise the data storage device for storing and retrieving data with network system.These data storage devices can include Hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state storage device (SSD), band storage device, light storage device, inclusion rotation and solid state data are deposited The mixing storage device of storage both elements, and other mass storage devices.
Increase on number and performance with computer systems and networks, need ever-increasing memory capacity.In data The heart, cloud computing facility and other scale level (at-scale) data handling systems further increase for can transmit and preserve The needs of the digital data memory system of enormous amount data.Data center can be installed with various frames and high density storage is joined Put and lay this substantial amounts of data storage device.
While density and the workload increase of data storage device, any single data shell may experience relatively High power dissipation, this may lead to generate more heats and potential loss of data, and causes increase to be used for cooling down number Cost according to hub facility.Some conservation measures, such as low-power operation, sky have been included in many data storage devices Not busy pattern and other power management scheme.But, these schemes can not provide the various tools to data storage device to main system A lot of controls that gymnastics is made.Additionally, when many storage devices are included within the storage system, each storage device is likely to be of Intrinsic change between each storage device, this may lead to reduce the ability of the operation of prediction storage device.
Content of the invention
For providing the enhancing operation of data storage device and system, there is provided various systems, equipment, method and soft Part.In the first example, present data-storage system.This data-storage system includes data storage device, this data storage Device includes the medium of storage for data and retrieval.This data-storage system includes being configured to receive for one or more The main interface being selected by the seeervice level that main system indicates that the seeervice level of data storage device controls.This data-storage system includes It is configured to the storage control system according to the one or more data storage device of seeervice level selection operation.
In another example, there is provided the method for peration data storage system.The method includes filling in multiple data storages Put middle storage and retrieval data, receive that the seeervice level for one or more data storage devices controls is indicated by main system Seeervice level selects, and according to this one or more data storage device of seeervice level selection operation.
In another example, present the service-level interface for data storage device.This service-level interface includes configuring For assuming seeervice level option for changing the performance of at least data storage device being associated with service-level interface and power consumption Main interface.This main interface is configured to receive and is selected by one or more seeervice levels that main system indicates.This service-level interface includes It is configured to select the storage control system of at least peration data storage device according to one or more seeervice levels.
Brief description
The many aspects of the disclosure may be better understood with reference to the following drawings.It is necessarily in proportion in the assembly of in figure , instead can emphasize clearly to illustrate the principle of the disclosure.Additionally, in figure, similar reference specify throughout The appropriate section of a few width figures.Although with regard to these figures depict several embodiments, the disclosure is not limited to disclose here Embodiment.On the contrary, being intended that all replacements of covering, modification and equivalent.
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of data in graph form system.
Fig. 2 is the flow chart of the operational approach of data in graph form storage system.
Fig. 3 is the system diagram of data in graph form system.
Fig. 4 is the flow chart of the operational approach of data in graph form storage system.
Fig. 5 is the diagram of service-level interface.
Specific embodiment
Such as hard disk drive (HDD), solid-state drive (SSD) and the mixing with rotation and solid-state memory element The data storage device of disc driver etc can be included with various array configurations, such as lays tens single drivers Frame install shell.Other equipment can provide in shell, and the power supply such as providing electric power to various storage devices sets Standby, fan or cooling device, and various storage controls or the process that the operation of various data storage devices can be controlled System.
Data storage dress including the rotating magnetic media of rotating media, such as hard disk drive or hybrid disk drive Put and also include various electro-mechanical components to be placed in read/write head on spin medium.These electro-mechanical components include armature, Motor, actuator, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, servosystem, axle or other elements and can have associated power dissipation and performance The electric mechanical part of characteristic.Typically, associated read/write element is placed in the expectation of medium by storage device as quickly as possible It is used for the reading of data and the time delay of write to reduce on part.But, reduce for the reading of data and write The higher-wattage that associated data storage device may be led to time delay dissipates.Other characteristics and factor may affect power Loss and performance, as discussed here.
One this factor, that is, arrive the primary time (TTFB) or the time to the first byte may be filled by storage The performance put and the change impact of power dissipation.TTFB instruction storage device lumpily can carry in response to the request of data For the first data.Other factors include the peak power dissipation or crest voltage for finding operation, for shaft assembly Spin-up time, axis angular rate or revolutions per minute (RPM) data handling capacity.But, even if the dress in same type In the middle of putting, each data storage device is likely to the change with performance and power dissipation.Performance and power dissipation It is potentially based on many considerations, such as temperature, manufacture variability, the change of axle motor torsional moment, axis angular rate change or other factors And change in the middle of each data storage device.
In example here, data storage device can include various Enhanced features to measure at the scene and characterization property Energy and power dissipation, to ensure precise control and the operation of associated data storage device.Performance can be deposited in various data Storage device type, media type, manufacturer, build date, manufacture variability or other change in the middle of characterize and alternatively Normalization, and this actual performance or power characteristic can extract in the middle of each data storage device, realizes for setting up The standardized main seeervice level option of desired service level.Data storage device can also present for being selected and customized by main system These standardized service level options, with according to desired performance or power dissipation come peration data storage device.These Strengthen and can apply to including the whole data-storage system of many data storage devices or be applied to single data storage Device.
As the first example of data-storage system, present Fig. 1.Fig. 1 is the system diagram of diagram system 100.System 100 Including data-storage system 110 and one or more main system 140.Data-storage system 110 and the stored link of main system 140 130 communications.Data-storage system 110 can include in the environment including one or more data storage arrays, such as frame Computing environment is installed.
In FIG, data-storage system 110 includes part, part include storage control 111, shell 113 and one or Multiple data storage devices 120.Each data storage device 120 can include one or more rotating storage mediums, this rotation Unloading storage media includes the rotating media being coupled to associated axle and the read/write head being coupled to associated armature component.? In some examples, the multiple data storage devices in data storage device 120 include solid storage medium, and can omit rotation Medium.Storage control 111 is communicably coupled to data storage device 120.Although storage control 111 is shown in this example It is internal it should be understood that in other instances in data-storage system 110, storage control 111 can be included in data storage In other elements outside system 110.
In operation, data-storage system 110 receive the stored link 130 issued by main system 140 reading or Write affairs, such as write operation 131 and read operation 132.In response to read operation, in data-storage system 110, single data is deposited Storage device can retrieve data in associated storage medium storage for being sent to main system 140.In response to write operation, Single data storage device data storage on associated storage medium in data-storage system 110.It should be appreciated that in figure The other assemblies of data-storage system 110 data storage device 120, such as transaction queues, bottom have been omitted for clarity in 1 Plate, power supply, fan, interconnection, read/write head, armature, medium, axle, preamplifier, transceiver, processor, amplifier, motor, Servosystem, shell and other electrically and mechanically elements.
Data-storage system 110 also includes service-level interface 115.In some instances, service-level interface 115 is controlled by storage Device 111 processed provides although it is possible for changing.Service-level interface 115 can provide performance options 133 to main system 140, and from Main system 140 receives seeervice level and selects 134.In some instances, service-level interface 115 can include one or more drivings Device, application programming interface (API), user interface element, graphical user interface elements or permission one or more main systems choosing Select the other elements of the performance options of element for peration data storage system 110.In additional examples, seeervice level module 125 are provided by each storage device 120.The function of being executed by service-level interface 115 can also be executed by seeervice level module 125 Or execute in combination with seeervice level module 125.
Operation for otherwise shown data system 100, there is provided Fig. 2.Fig. 2 is illustrated operation data-storage system 110 Method flow chart.Indexed with bracket below the operation of Fig. 2.In fig. 2, data-storage system 110 is filled using data storage Put 120 to store in data-storage system 110 and retrieval (201) data.Data-storage system 110 receives through main interface 130 to be read With write operation and the multiple data storage devices in data storage device 120 can process these operation, such as write by storage Enter data or data is read in retrieval.Read operation can include the reading 132 being received by storage control 111, and write operation can To include the write 131 being received by storage control 111.Other affairs or operation can be received for by storage control 111 process, such as seeervice level selection, performance order, power control command, metadata operation, attended operation or management operation, Etc..
Data-storage system 110 receives (202) for the seeervice level control of data storage device 120 by main system 140 The seeervice level indicating selects.In FIG, the service-level interface 115 of storage control 111 receives seeervice level through link 130 and selects. Main system 140 issues the performance that can affect data storage device 120 or the seeervice level of power dissipation selects.These seeervice levels Selection can indicate that seeervice level is specified, power selection, performance select or other selections.These selections can be for data storage All memory drivers in system 110 are made, or make, such as data storage device with being based on each device Specific data storage device in 120, or can make with regard to other granularities, for example certain logic is rolled up, only for reading Operation or write operation, for specific storage address scope, or for specific store transaction or storage operation, Yi Jiqi He specifies and granularity.Timer or enumerator can be indicated only to apply for predetermined lasting time or the choosing of operand purpose Select.
The special services level factor being selected by main system 140 can include the above, be such as used for TTFB performance, seek Look for performance, the spin-up performance for shaft assembly, the selection of axle RPM performance data throughput performance, and other selections. Main system 140 can indicate for the particular value of seeervice level factor or rank or a series of acceptable seeervice level value or Multiple seeervice level modules in rank, and service-level interface 115 or seeervice level module 125 can cross over various data storage dresses Put desired value or the rank that 120 realizations are used for seeervice level factor.Alternatively, main system 140 can indicate for various clothes The desired power dissipation of business level factor, and service-level interface 115, seeervice level module 125 or storage control 111 then can To calculate corresponding to desired power dissipation for the associated value of seeervice level factor or rank.
Consumed how many energy according to expectation in the time window of definition, can be dissipated by main system 140 indicated horsepower and select. For example, main system 140 can indicate by specify "<X joule in Y millisecond " as a parameter to limiting peak power dissipate, or Instruction by specify "<A joule in B hour " is limiting average power dissipation.Can using other power dissipation specify, such as with The Instantaneous peak power of watt dissipates.
In some instances, service-level interface 115 assumes one or more seeervice level option ones 33 to main system 140.Service Level option one 33 can via driver interface, software interface, user interface, control station or text interface, API or other Interface presents to main system 140.Main system 140 can be selected in the middle of the seeervice level option one 33 presenting, and selects to expect Seeervice level factor and for the desired value of those factors or rank.For example, main system 140 can select TTFB as will The seeervice level factor changing, and indicate desired TTFB performance number, such as in units of the time.Alternatively, main system 140 is permissible Specify for TTFB operation peak power dissipation and to can responsively determine corresponding TTFB performance number or rank (such as Time) indicate this peak power dissipation to realize the service-level interface 115 of desired peak power dissipation.
Data-storage system 110 is according to seeervice level selection operation (203) data storage device 120.As set forth above, it is possible to it is logical Cross various performance factors and for those factors rank or worthwhile in carry out selection to realize desired seeervice level.Substitute Ground or in combination, power dissipation value can be selected.When by main system 140 specified performance factor and rank or value, storage Controller 111 can be according to desired performance class or value come associated data storage in control data storage device 120 Device.
The control of data storage device 120 can pass through storage control 111 and seeervice level module 125 in some instances Manage in combination.For example, storage control 111 can be from main system 140 receives seeervice level selection and selects seeervice level Multiple seeervice levels select to be sent to seeervice level module 125 for being realized by associated data storage device 120.Storage controls Device 111 can identify the suitable order being published to data storage device 120 to select control data storage dress according to seeervice level Put 120.Data storage device 120 can receive order and be selected according to seeervice level and operate.In additional examples, storage control Device 111 processed can be realized seeervice level and select with direct control data storage device 120.Especially, power level can be by principal series System 140 is specified, and storage control 111 can determine associated performance number or performance corresponding to desired power level Rank, and according to determined by associated plurality of data storage dress in performance class or value control data storage device 120 Put 120.
But, in many instances, with regard to seeervice level factor and performance/performance number or rank in data storage device There is change between multiple data storage devices in 120.For example, each data storage device 120 can have device and arrive Device variability, it may lead to the slightly different specification of the various operations of device assembly or power consumption.This device is to device Variability may occur to manufacture variability, temperature change, load level, use thereby increases and it is possible to be derived from the device of same type Phase or age or other factors.Furthermore, it is possible to adopt different device type, such as brand, manufacturer, model, manufacturing day Phase or media type, and other difference.These difference are likely to work as in each data storage device of data storage device 120 In lead to different performance result and power dissipation.
The other elements of storage control 111 or data-storage system 110 can be with characterization data storage device 120 Performance and power dissipation are measured with setting up seeervice level.Alternatively, the seeervice level module 125 of each data storage device 120 is permissible Characterize associated performance and power dissipation.This characterization can be used for determining for various operations or activity, such as read/write Operation, searching operation, the variability in the data storage device 120 of primary time operation data handling capacity etc..
Storage control 111 can be with the performance of the multiple data storage devices in normalization data storage device 120 and work( Rate dissipate in the middle of variability, selected for any seeervice level option of being made by main system 140 or seeervice level with setting up Consistent performance or power results.Standardized one group of seeervice level option can be available based on data storage device 120 Or the operation supported and measured seeervice level are measured and are presented to main system 140.Storage control 111 can be according to returning Consistent performance class or power to realize data storage device 120 for the seeervice level peration data storage device 120 of one change Rank, assumes standardized one group of performance options or power option to main system 140 simultaneously.
When storage control 111 or service-level interface 115 receive the service for more than one data storage device 120 When level selects, such as the entirety of data-storage system 110, then seeervice level selection can be in data storage device 120 Distribute on each data storage device or distribution is to realize seeervice level selection.Many when making for data-storage system 110 When individual seeervice level selects, then seeervice level select can each data storage device in data storage device 120 upper set With distribution to realize seeervice level selection.For example, when specifying power dissipation rank for data-storage system 110, storage controls A part for power dissipation rank can be distributed to each with the power level in the middle of subdivided data storage device 120 by device 111 Individual data storage device 120 simultaneously realizes power dissipation rank.In another example, many when specifying for data storage device 120 When a power dissipation rank, such as in the more than one seeervice level issued by main system 140 selects, storage control 111 seeervice levels being integrated in the middle of data storage device select, to set up the power dissipation in the middle of data storage device 120 Rank.Other performance factors can distribute in the middle of data storage device or gather.
Return to the element of Fig. 1, data-storage system 110 includes multiple data storage devices 120.These data storages fill Put and be coupled to storage control 111 by one or more storage links, this storage link can include serial ATA interface, string Row attached minicomputer system (SAS) interface, Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface, high speed nonvolatile memory (NVMe) interface, ata interface, peripheral component interconnection (PCIe) interface, USB (universal serial bus) (USB) interface, wave point, Directly Media Interface Connector (DMI), Ethernet interface, networking interface or other data interfaces that communicate, including a combination thereof, change and Improve.Data-storage system 110 can also include cache systems, base plate, shell, fan, interconnection, cable or other electricity Road and equipment.
Storage control 111 includes process circuit, communication interface and one or more non-momentary computer-readable storage dress Put.Process circuit can include being retrieved and executed firmware from memorizer for one of operation as discussed here or Multi-microprocessor and other circuit.But process circuit can be realized in single processor part can also cross over cooperation to hold Multiple processing apparatus of line program instruction or subsystem distribution.The example of process circuit includes general Central Processing Unit, specially With processor and logical device, and the processing meanss of any other type, a combination thereof or change.Communication interface can include For the one or more memory interfaces with communications such as main system, networks.Communication system can include transceiver, interface circuit, Adapter, buffer, microcontroller and other interface equipments.
Shell 113 includes laying and support in structure the structural detail of the element of data-storage system 110.Shell 113 Power supply, floor element, framework, tightening member, frame mounting characteristic, ventilation feature and other elements can be included.Many real In example, shell 113 also includes fan or other coolings and ventilation components for providing to the element of data-storage system 110 Air-flow.
Each of data storage device 120 includes one or more computer-readable recording mediums.Storage medium can To include rotation magnetic storage medium or solid storage medium, and other media types, including its combination.In rotating media class In type, medium can access via one or more read/write heads and associated electro-mechanical components.Data storage device 120 is every Individual can also include process circuit, communication interface, axle, armature, preamplifier, transceiver, processor, amplifier, motor, watch Dress system, shell and other electrically and mechanically elements.Data storage device 120 each can include hard disk drive, mixing magnetic Disk drive, solid-state drive or other computer readable storage means, including a combination thereof.Data storage device 120 each Other element can be included.The computer-readable recording medium of data storage device 120 each can include rotate magnetic storage Medium, but other media can be comprised additionally in, such as solid-state driving element, cache or cache systems.These Other media can include solid storage medium, optical storage media, not rotating magnetic media, phase transformation magnetizing mediums, depositing based on spin Storage media or other storage mediums, including a combination thereof, changes and improvements.In some instances, data storage device 120 each Including the hybrid hard drive also adopting solid-state memory element in addition to rotation magnetic storage medium.Associated storage medium can So that using various magnetic storage schemes, such as random writing technology, shide magnetic recording (SMR), perpendicular magnetic recording (PMR) or heat are auxiliary Magnetic assist record (HAMR), including a combination thereof, changes and improvements.
Main system 140 can include treatment element, data transfer elements and user interface element.In some instances, main System 140 is the CPU of computing device or computing system.In other instances, main system 140 also includes storing Device element, data storage and transmission element, controller component, logic element, firmware, executive component and other processing system groups Part.In other instances, main system 140 includes RAID controller processor or storage system central processing unit, such as micro- place Reason device, microcontroller, field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other process and logical device, including a combination thereof.Principal series System 140 can include user interface section or interface connects user interface section, and this user interface section can allow data The state of the operation of user's control data system 100 of system 100 or monitoring data system 100 or operation.These users connect Mouth unit can include figure or text display, display lamp, network interface, network interface, software interface, user input apparatus Or other users interface element.Main system 140 can also be included for the interface circuit processing the communication through bus 130 and unit Part, such as logic, process part, buffer, transceiver etc..
Bus 130 can include one or more serial or parallel data link, such as peripheral component interconnection (PCIe) interface, serial ATA interface, serial attaching minicomputer system (SAS) interface, Integrated Drive Electronics (IDE) interface, ata interface, USB (universal serial bus) (USB) interface, wave point, direct Media Interface Connector (DMI), Ethernet connect Mouth, network interface or other data interfaces that communicate, including a combination thereof, changes and improvements.Although a bus shown in Fig. 1 130 it should be understood that can adopt one or more discrete links between the element of data system 100.
As another example, Fig. 3 presents the data-storage system using data storage array.Fig. 3 is that data in graph form is deposited The system diagram of storage system 300.Data-storage system 300 includes memory unit 310 and one or more main system 350.Storage part Part 310 and the stored link 360 of main system 350 communicate.The various elements of memory unit 310 can include depositing in the data of Fig. 1 Although change is possible in storage system 110.Although Fig. 3 illustrates a memory unit 310 it should be understood that more than one storage Part can be included and be linked to main system 350 or other main systems, such as in the number using many data storage arrays According in storage environment.
Memory unit 310 can include the memory unit with associated shell and structural detail, and it can be plugged into can To keep in the frame of other memory units, such as frame installs server environment.This shell can include installing multiple storages The structural detail of device and can also include being communicatively coupled the control system 370 of memory unit 310 for stored link 360 Or at least one aerial lug of main interface 371.
Memory unit 310 can include redundant array of independent disks (RAID) array, or includes can separating and to principal series System 350 is rendered as JBOD device (" only a string disk ") device of the multiple independent disk of one or more logical drives.At certain In a little examples, memory unit 310 includes adding the void of one or more level of abstractions between physical storage device and external interface Plan disk string (VBOD).VBOD can extract front end friendship using various types of Magnetographic Technologies and according to specific recording technique Mutually.For example, shide magnetic recording (SMR) hard disk drive typically due to the shide property of the adjacent track of data and have random The ineffectivity of write.In SMR example, VBOD extracts SMR drive and allows random writing and random read take, still has simultaneously There is the final lower floor's SMR medium preserving associated data.Other recording techniques, this Parallel magnetic recording (PMR) can be adopted Or HAMR (HAMR), including its change, improves and combination.
Storage link 360 can include one or more links although Fig. 3 illustrates single link.Storage link 360 is permissible Including storage or disk interface, such as serial attaching ATA (SATA), serial attaching SCSI (SAS), FibreChannel (optical fiber Channel), USB (universal serial bus) (USB), SCSI, InfiniBand (infiniband), NVMe, peripheral component interconnection (PCIe), Ethernet, Internet Protocol (IP) or other parallel or serial storage or peripheral interfaces, including its change and combination.
Main system 350 can include one or more calculating and network system, such as personal computer, server, Yun Cun Storage system, packet network, management system or other cyber-net systems, including a combination thereof and change.In operation, main The stored link 360 of system 350 can include performance selection, Power Control selection, control instruction, metadata retrieval operation, In the middle of other orders of configuration-direct etc. or operation, issue reading and write order or operate memory unit 310.Similarly, store Part 310 can such as graphical user interface information, status information, operation information, driver find information, temperature information, In the middle of the other information of power information, failure notification, alarm etc., data is read in stored link 360 transmission.
Memory unit 310 includes multiple storage devices, including hard disk drive (HDD) and solid-state storage device (SSD), that is, HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 is although any number of storage device can be included.Although Fig. 3 is for each HDD 320- 321 instruction one or more hard disk drives it should be understood that HDD 320-321 each can include one or more hybrid magnetic discs Driver, this hybrid disk drive includes the rotating media working in series and and solid-state storage part.In other example In, using other SSD, magnetic, rotating driver, phase transformation driver, light storage device or other non-momentary computers can not Read storage device.Each of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 via associated controller 380-382 pass through one or Multiple storage links be coupled to control system 370, this storage link include in this example serial attaching SCSI (SAS) link, SCSI link or serial ATA (SATA) link are although other Linktypes can be adopted.
Each of HDD 320-321 can include similar element, is such as coupled to rotary shaft and drive motor Rotating storage medium, is coupled to the read/write head of associated armature and driving element.HDD320-321 can include other unit Part, such as preamplifier, transceiver, processor, amplifier, motor, servosystem, housing, sealing, shell, power sensing Device, temperature sensor and other electrically and mechanically elements.SSD 322 includes one or more solid state mediums and associated writing And reading circuit.SSD 322 can include flash memories, phase transition storage or other not rotating storage mediums.
HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 each include associated seeervice level module (SLM) 330-332.Seeervice level module 330-332 each can operation as described herein for storage control system 370 part, such as SL interface 376, special Property module 377 or seeervice level control module 378 part although change be possible.HDD 320 shows SLM 330 An example concrete view, in particular SL interface 335, characterize module 336 and seeervice level control module 337.At this In describe for SL interface 376, characterize module 377 or the operation of seeervice level control module 378 and structure can be in SL Interface 335, characterization module 336 and seeervice level control employing in seeervice level control module 337.Additionally, in SLM 331-332 Each can include the element similar to SLM 330.
Memory unit 310 control system 370.Control system 370 includes main interface (I/F) 371, process circuit 372, drives Controller 380-382 and storage system 374.Additionally, control system 370 includes firmware 375, this firmware 375 includes seeervice level association View (SL) interface 376, characterize module 377 and seeervice level control module 378, this seeervice level control module 378 ought at least by Operate as described below during reason circuit 372 execution.
Supervisory circuit 373 is included for measuring memory unit 310, and the work(of specifically HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 Rate and one or more sensing elements of performance information.The information of monitoring with regard to being selected by main system 350 or can configure Various seeervice level options, such as find performance, to primary time performance, axle speed performance, power consumption or other information. Can adopt power sensor with measure memory unit 310 power consumption, currently move, voltage level or other associated passes In the property of power, the power consumption of such as HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 and the other assemblies being associated with memory unit 310.Work( Rate sensor can include current sense resistor, operational amplifier, comparator, magnetic current sensing, Hall effect sensing Element, potentiometer, operational amplifier, simulation or digital voltage sensing element, and other elements.Supervisory circuit 373 can also Including for transmitting measured information, such as it is delivered to the various interfaces of control system 370.These interfaces can include receiving and dispatching Device, Analog-digital Converter element, amplifier, wave filter, signal processor and other elements.In some instances, supervisory circuit 373 element and function can be included in process circuit 372.
In figure 3, each of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 also alternatively includes associated monitoring element, should Monitoring element can include the element similar with supervisory circuit 373.Monitoring element can be included in associated SLM 330-332 In or controlled by associated SLM 330-332.Monitoring element can include every in HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 The power monitor including in the middle of the electronically or mechanically element of, and the power consumption being associated with driver can be measured.This A little monitoring elements just include monitoring primary time performance, find performance, throughput performance and axle speed performance and other Other monitoring elements of performance information.Each driver can also include will be by correlation through associated memory interface 380-382 The information transmission that the monitoring element of connection determines is to the equipment of control system 370 and circuit.
Storage enclosure 312 includes laying and supports the structural detail of the element of memory unit 310 in structure.Shell 312 Floor element, framework, tightening member, frame mounting characteristic, ventilation feature and other elements can be included.In many instances, Shell 312 also includes fan or other coolings and ventilation components for providing air-flow to the element of memory unit 310.Shell 312 can also include source element to change external power source or the element various forms of electric energy of offer to memory unit 310.
Control system 370 process memory unit 310 storage operation, such as through the storage link 360 in main interface 371 from Main system receives storage operation.Write data 361 can be received in one or more write operations, and can in response to one or Multiple read operations are supplied to main frame by reading data 362.Interface can be supplied to main system, such as single (or redundancy) ether Network interface, SATA interface, SAS interface, FibreChannel interface, USB interface, scsi interface, InfiniBand interface, NVMe Interface, PCIe interface or IP interface, this interface allows main system to access the memory capacity of hdd unit.Control system 370 is permissible Set up cross over memory unit 310 in any number of logical volume of each HDD or logic storage unit, its can include across Away from, redundant array, striping or other data storage technologies.
Main interface 371 includes connecing at least one or more storages through link 360 and the communications such as main system, network Mouthful.Main interface 371 can include transceiver, interface circuit, adapter, buffer, microcontroller and other interface equipments.Master connects Mouth 371 can also include one or more I/O queue, IOQs, and this I/O queue, IOQ receives storage through link 360 and operates and cache these storages Operation is for being processed by process circuit 372.
Control system 370 also includes process circuit 372, drive control device 380-382 and storage system 374.Process circuit 372 one or more microprocessors that can include being retrieved and executed the firmware 375 from storage system 374 and other circuit. But process circuit 372 can be realized in single processor part can also cross over cooperation with multiple process of execute program instructions Device or subsystem distribution.The example of process circuit 372 includes general Central Processing Unit, application specific processor and logic device Part, and the processing meanss of any other type, a combination thereof or change.In some instances, process circuit 372 is included on piece System and device or micro processor, apparatus, such as Intel Atom processor, MIPS microprocessor etc..In some instances, control System 370 processed includes RAID controller, RAID processor or other RAID circuit.In other instances, at control system 370 Manage specific recording technique, the such as management of SMR or HAMR technology.As noted herein, drive control device 380-382 Element and function can be integrated with process circuit 372.
Drive control device 380-382 each can include controlling the various numbers in the middle of each HDD of memory unit 310 According to the one or more drive control circuit processing and processor.Drive control device 380-382 each can include memory interface, Such as SAS, SCSI or SATA interface each storage device to be coupled in memory unit 310.In some instances, drive Controller 380-382 and process circuit 372 interconnect (PCIe) interface or the communication of other communication interfaces through peripheral component.? In some examples, drive control device 380-382 each include RAID controller, RAID processor or other RAID circuit.? In other examples, each of drive control device 380-382 processes specific recording technique, such as flash memory, SMR or HAMR The management of technology.
Drive control device 380-382 can also each attached storage devices of help featureization performance, such as set up each The value of normalized service level option, such as power or performance.Drive control device 380-382 each can be to process circuit 372 There is provided with regard to power dissipation, performance, the characterization of performance, the normalization of performance or other operation information.As carried here Arrive, the element of drive control device 380-382 and function can integrated with process circuit 372 or include memory driver this Within body.
Storage system 374 can include being read by process circuit 372 or drive control device 373 and can storing firmware 375 any non-transitory computer-readable storage medium.Storage system 374 can include any side of the storage for information The volatibility of method or technology realization and non-volatile, detachable and non-dismountable medium, this information is such as that computer can Reading instruction, data structure, program module or other data.In addition to storage medium, in some implementations, storage system 374 Communication media can also be included, firmware 375 can be transmitted through this communication media.Storage system 374 can be implemented as single storage Device, but can also cross over and realize with regard to the common multiple storage devices positioning or being distributed or subsystem each other.Storage System 374 can include the add ons that can communicate, such as controller with process circuit 372.The storage of storage system 374 is situated between The example of matter includes random access memory, read only memory, disk, CD, flash memories, SSD, phase transition storage, magnetic Tape drum, tape, disk storage equipment or other magnetic memory apparatus, or can be used for storing desired information and can be by instructing Any other medium that execution system accesses, and its any combinations or modification, or the storage medium of any other type.
Firmware 375 can be realized with programmed instruction, and in the middle of other functions, when generally speaking by control system 370 or When person is specifically executed by process circuit 372, instruct control system 370 or process circuit 372 as described herein that Sample operates.Firmware 375 can include additional treatments, program or element, such as operating system software, database software or application Software.The machine readable that firmware 375 can also include the software or some other forms that can be executed by process circuit 372 is processed Instruction.
In at least one is realized, programmed instruction can include the first programmed instruction, and the guiding of this first programmed instruction controls Read and write operation in the middle of system 370 processing data storage device, it is each that measurement, monitoring and control memory unit 310 include The performance information of individual storage device (seeervice level control module 378), characterizes performance in the middle of each storage device or power consumption Performance in the middle of difference and each storage device of normalization (characterizing module 377), and assume one or more connecing to main system Mouth is to allow selection (SL interface 376) and other operations of performance or power option.
Generally speaking, firmware 375 is when being loaded in process circuit 372 and when being performed, can by overall for process circuit 372 from General-purpose computing system is converted to the special-purpose computing system to operate as described here for the customization.In storage system 374 Encoding hardware 375 can change the physical arrangement of storage system 374.The particular conversion of this physical arrangement can depend on this description Different realize in various factors.The example of this factor can include, but are not limited to for realizing depositing of storage system 374 Whether the technology of storage media and computer-readable storage medium are characterized as largely as primary or secondary storage device.For example, if calculated Machine storage medium is implemented as the memorizer based on quasiconductor, then firmware 375 can work as wherein encoding procedure when conversion partly lead The physical state of body memory.For example, firmware 375 can change constitute the transistor of semiconductor memory, capacitor or its The state of his discrete circuit element.With respect to magnetic or optical medium, similar conversion can occur.Other conversions of physical medium It is the possible scope describing without deviating from this, provide previous examples only for promoting this discussion.
In order to illustrate the operation of system 300 and memory unit 310 further, present Fig. 4.Fig. 4 is diagram memory unit The flow chart of 310 operational approach.Indexed with bracket below the operation of Fig. 4.Permissible for Fig. 4 each operation described here By the element in memory unit 310, such as process circuit 372, supervisory circuit 373, drive control device 380-382, or by HDD Any combinations execution of the other elements of the SLM element of 320-321 and SSD 322 and system 300.
Storage control system 370 determines the service level characteristics of the storage device of (401) data storage part, and normalization (402) the service level characteristics in the middle of the storage device of data storage part.In some instances, storage control system 370 characteristic In change storage array 310, the power consumption of one or more data storage devices and performance are to set up for one or more data storages The performance of device and power measure.Then storage control system 370 can cross over one or more data storage devices with normalization Change in the middle of performance and power measure, and measure foundation in one or more data storage devices based on normalized The performance of each or power target, wherein this target by storage control system 370 using with according to being made by main system The one or more data storage device of one or more seeervice level selection operations.Characterization module 377 can be adopted to determine Service level characteristics and normalization or normalized service level characteristics.Can be in each data storage device type, media type, system Make business, build date, manufacture characterization and normalization HDD 320- in the middle of variability (variability) or other changes 321 and SSD 322 performance or power consumption, with the actual performance of the data storage device various from main selective extraction for reality Existing desired performance.
In other instances, each of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can be associated in SLM330-332 One, in the characterization module 336 of such as SLM 330, characterize themselves power consumption and Performance Characteristics.HDD 320-321 and Each of SSD 322 and then measuring with regard to power consumption and Performance Characteristics can be provided to storage control system 370.In addition Example in, each of HDD320-321 and SSD 322 not to storage control system 370 provide these measure, and replace Ground is measured monitoring when receiving various seeervice level order according to this and is adjusted themselves activity, as discussed further below 's.
There may be change between the data storage device adopting in memory unit 310.For example, HDD320 can include The array of the more than one HDD of the HDD of the first kind, and each of HDD 320 can in definite performance specification or Power consumption aspect has the change to device for the device, even if HDD 320 is same manufacturer, type or model.Similarly, HDD 321 and SSD 322 device there may be to device variability and allows to depart from the performance specification specified by manufacturer or work( Consumption.This device is likely due to memory capacity, manufactures variability, build date, temperature change, loads level to device variability Not, validity period or age, media defect amount or other factors.Except the device in the middle of the device of same type changes to device Outside property, device to device variability is likely to due to being existed using different device type, such as have for HDD 320, The dissimilar, model of the device of HDD 321 and SSD 322 or manufacturer.In addition, device may basis to device variability Using difference or media type occur, such as magnetic or solid-state, and other difference.
Data storage dress in conjunction with the rotating magnetic media of rotating media, such as hard disk drive or hybrid disk drive Put and also include various electro-mechanical components to be placed in read/write head on spin medium.These electro-mechanical components include armature, Motor, actuator, voice coil loudspeaker voice coil, servosystem, axle or can for multiple seeervice level factors have related power dissipation Other elements with Performance Characteristics.Data storage device including solid state medium (such as flash media or other solid state mediums) Can have other seeervice level factors associating with this, such as peak power dissipation, write voltage, consume rank performance, handle up Amount or other seeervice level factors.
These seeervice level factors are characterized as largely with the live value of the reality of mark data storage device or measure.This characteristic Change can include the deviation with manufacturer's designated value, or sets up the new baseline value for various seeervice level factors.Typically, special Determine data storage device processed having by manufacture or identified due to design alternative and these seeervice levels of many of specifying because Element.But, the variability between the device of same type and different types of device may lead to the inaccurate of performance factor Or the control of poor efficiency.Additionally, conditions present may point out seeervice level factor change and creating device in the middle of variability, The change of such as temperature, the change of load and other operations and environmental condition.
First service level factor includes hunting time performance factor.The armature of rotating media storage device will be associated Read/write element is placed in medium and corresponds on the expectation part of the storage location of data that will write or read.By read/write head The delay of the suitable storage location being placed on medium is referred to as hunting time.Typically, move as quickly as possible read/write head with Reduce the hunting time of reading for data and write.But, reducing can for the reading of data and the hunting time of write The higher-wattage that the data storage device associating can be led to dissipates.Additionally, when using voice coil loudspeaker voice coil circuit come mobile armature and place read/ During writing head, corresponding driving voltage encourages voice coil loudspeaker voice coil.The increase of crest voltage is corresponding to faster hunting time and therefore faster Armature movement.The crest voltage that these increase may correspond to increased power dissipation and increased searching performance.
Second service level factor includes the primary time (TTFB) or to the first byte time performance factor.TTFB Indicate that storage device can how fast provide first or the first byte of data in response to the request of data.TTFB can wrap Include for accelerating medium from being screwed into predefined rotating speed and the delay that read/write head moved to suitable storage location on medium. The increase reducing corresponding TTFB performance with the TTFB time may lead to the power dissipation that storage device increases.
3rd seeervice level factor can include the spin-up time of the shaft assembly for data storage device.There is rotation In the data storage device of referral matter, such as hard disk drive, using being coupled to medium and provide rotary motion to medium Rotating media is spinned by motor component.Typically, medium is accelerated certainly to be screwed into predetermined angle speed to reduce from the free time as quickly as possible The starting time of pattern, wakeup time or hunting time delayed.The spin-up time corresponds to motor/shaft assembly faster Increase power dissipation, and the slower spin-up time correspond to reduce power dissipation.
4th seeervice level factor can include the angular velocity of medium being provided by associated axle/motor or rotating speed.Example As, hard disk drive can have with the specified angular velocity of revolutions per minute (RPM), such as 5400RPM, 7200RPM or 10000RPM etc..This angular velocity makes a reservation for typically for specified hard disc driver, and selects various motor machine assemblies to support This specific speed.But, the variability of manufacture and operating condition may lead to the slightly change of rotating speed, and this may deviate predetermined turn Speed.Additionally, can use in the device of different rotating speeds for different types of device, can adopt in memory unit 310 More than one desired speed.
5th seeervice level factor can include data throughout.Data throughout can be changed based on many factors, and can Can be affected by other factors described above, such as hunting time, TTFB, spin-up time and rotating speed and be potentially based on system Make, other factors that conditions present changes, or data throughout can change in the middle of different types of device.Even if by counting Specify according to the manufacturer of storage device and read or write handling capacity it is also possible to change.
Other seeervice level factors include the factor specified from idealization or manufacturer or the actual power measuring change Dissipate.Whole factor described above can have associated power dissipation.Also exist for same type or with identical The device of the power dissipation of the data storage device of performance Value Operations is to device variability.These power dissipation can also be based on upper The various operations of face description and manufacture variability, and change by driver or by device.
In order to provide data storage device in memory unit 310 one make peace precise control with main frame is presented consistent To control various performance factors and the power dissipation of memory unit, process circuit 372 identifies or determines (401) service-level interface The service level characteristics of the storage device of data storage part.Process circuit 372 can be stored in these in characterization module 377 Service level characteristics or the one or more data structures being associated with and storing in storage system 374.
In some instances, storage control system 370 can characterize performance and the work(of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 Rate dissipates and is measured with setting up seeervice level.Alternatively, each of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can determine themselves Seeervice level factor, such as themselves performance and power characteristic, and be situated between in the non-momentary computer-readable that is included therein Storage service level factor in matter.In figure 3, seeervice level module (SLM) 330-331 of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can be true The fixed associated performance of storage device and power characteristic, and these performances and power characteristic are reported to characterization module 377. These characterize and can be used for determination for various operations or activity, when such as read/write operation, searching operate, arrive primary Between operation data handling capacity etc. data storage device in variability.
Above-mentioned various seeervice level factors can be measured by the element of memory unit 310 and quantify, to set up data storage The active service level characteristics of device.Can be surveyed using various sensors, sensing element, process and monitoring element and other elements Amount and the service level characteristics of quantized data storage device.For example, it is possible in each storage device or in storage control system 370 Middle adopt power sensor to measure the power consumption of various operations, with determine service level characteristics or from supply service level characteristics system Make the deviation of business.
Once having measured, determining or otherwise having identified the service level characteristics of reality, then can deposit in data Storage part 310 storage device in the middle of alternatively normalization these service level characteristics.Change in the middle of storage device and from specifying The deviation of the manufacturer of service level characteristics can be standardized as seeervice level performance factor, to assume consistent or standardized face Seeervice level factor option to main frame.For example, if some storage devices, for the first operation, such as find operation consumption first Quantity of power, and other storage devices consume the second quantity of power for the first operation, then storage control system 370 can be with normalization The power consumption for the first operation in the middle of various memory drivers.In like fashion, the seeervice level whole memory unit being received All memory drivers that order can cross over memory unit are gathered in the same manner or intelligently or are distributed.
As discussed below, main frame can be selected in the middle of the seeervice level option for memory unit 310.But, In this example, provide the consistent interface towards main frame, it allows the model in the middle of list or from seeervice level factor for the main frame Seeervice level value is selected in the middle of enclosing.List/the scope of this main interface and seeervice level factor is marked based on measured service level characteristics Standardization, this service level characteristics alternatively crosses over the storage device normalization in memory unit 310.Therefore, if there is single The performance of storage device or the change of power dissipation, such as due to different device type or Selection of chiller seeervice level value it The substituted device introducing afterwards, then shield this change from main frame.Extract performance or the power of the reality of storage device from main interface Dissipate, and main frame can maintain the concordance of the selection of seeervice level value/scope.
For example, if first storage device, has the first power consumption different from the second storage device, this power consumption can be by It is normalized to standardized be worth and be rendered as can be by the standardized service level factor of Selection of chiller.Therefore, main frame does not need to know The service level characteristics of the reality of road lower floor storage device, and instead can select in the middle of various Performance Characteristicses or power dissipation Select.
Process circuit 372 assumes the selection for seeervice level option for (403) service-level interface to main frame, such as by Fig. 3 In performance options 342 and power option 343 instruction seeervice level option.Seeervice level (SL) interface 376 can present for leading System 350 or one or more interfaces of other main systems, to select the clothes including power dissipation or other performance options Business level option.SL interface 376 can include installing the driver connecting memory unit 310 for interface in main system 350, Such as interface connects the kernel program of main system 310 or the software element of operating system software.SL interface 376 can assume master The list of the normalized service level option that system 350 can select wherein, and select associated seeervice level value.
In other instances, SL interface 376 includes application programming interface (API), and this application programming interface presents for leading The various inputs of system 350 and output connect memory unit 310 with interface.This API can assume various seeervice levels and select option, Including power bracket, power level, time, time range, speed, performance mode or other seeervice level options, from seeervice level Option, main system 350 can select wherein and provide storage control system 370 for controlling multiple depositing by seeervice level value Storage device.
In additional examples, SL interface 376 includes user interface, such as console interface, terminal interface, text interface Or graphic user interface.User interface assumes various seeervice levels and selects options, including power bracket, power level, the time, when Between scope, speed, performance mode or other seeervice level options, from seeervice level option, main system 350 can select simultaneously wherein Seeervice level value is provided storage control system 370 for controlling multiple storage devices.
Discrete command can be issued by main system 350, to control the particular aspects of the operation of storage device, as described above Seeervice level option.Number order can indicate the power level of various seeervice level options, and number order can indicate various clothes The performance class of business level option.In additional examples, SL interface 376 includes seeervice level query interface, is looked into by this seeervice level Ask interface, main system 350 can inquire about various seeervice level options and seeervice level value.Main system 350 can be for current service level Setting or seeervice level select, and what be for currently being limited by seeervice level that storage array 310 is supported, to inquire about for Its seeervice level option and seeervice level order available SL interface 376.
As the particular instance of SL interface 376, assume Fig. 5.Fig. 5 illustrates SL interface 500.SL interface 500 indicates three row, The 3rd row that the i.e. first row of seeervice level option, the secondary series of seeervice level Value Types and seeervice level value select.Seeervice level option arranges Indicate that main frame can select wherein to indicate the various services of seeervice level value to the control performance of memory unit 310 or power The list of level option.Seeervice level Value Types row indicate the unit of seeervice level value or measure, it can indicate various data types Central data type, and can be with indicating range type, Selective type or specific Value Types etc..In some instances, permissible Omit seeervice level Value Types.The instruction of seeervice level value alternative column can be by the designated value of each seeervice level option of host definition.
In operation, with stored link 360, or driver or the API being installed in main system 350 can be used, Assume SL interface 500 to main system 350.Main system 350 can select in the middle of various seeervice level options, and indicates that expectation is used for The particular value of each seeervice level option.In Figure 5, the 3rd row instruction configurable value of main frame, but the first and second row typical cases The label of ground instruction storage array definition and type.
Main system 350 can select specific seeervice level option to change or change value indicate to memory unit 310 These values.In other instances, main system 350 can select to indicate the seeervice level option being pre-selected and seeervice level value Service level agreement (SLA) rank of collection.For example, it is possible to predefine three SLA ranks by memory unit 310, and main system 350 can To select in the middle of these three ranks depending on desired operation.First SLA can correspond to high power, high performance mode, the Two SLA can correspond to the power/performance pattern balancing, and the 3rd SLA can correspond to low-power mode or low performance mould Formula.Other SLA ranks can be defined.In addition, main system 350 can change in selected SLA rank seeervice level option or Seeervice level value, SLA is customized to the expectation of main system 350.Additionally, main system 350 can specify clearly definition will change Which seeervice level option and the custom model of seeervice level value.
For time-based selection, main system 350 can indicate the time in units of second or time range.For Handling capacity selects, and can indicate the handling capacity in units of position per second or byte.For voltage or power selection, can refer to Show the voltage in units of watt or power.Other selections can be made based on Value Types, and can be with specified range or spy Definite value.Selecting is probably discrete, granular or continuous and other differences.
Process circuit 372 receives (404) seeervice level from main system 350 and selects, and such as selects 340 and work(by the performance of Fig. 3 Rate selects 341 instructions.Select to indicate through link 360 by the seeervice level that main system 350 is made, such as using a series of lives Order or instruction, this series of order or instruction instruction SLA rank, performance options or performance number, power option, power stage Not and other information.As a rule, seeervice level select include one of memory unit 310 or memory unit 310 or The power target of multiple data storage devices.In other cases, seeervice level select can include performance objective, such as Here the various performance factors indicating.These select to make based on each array or each part, but can also Made based on device, such as specific multiple data storage part in data storage part, or can also be with regard to it He makes granularity, for certain logic volume, only for read operation or write operation, for specific storage address scope or right In specific store transaction or storage operation, and other are specified and granularity.Timer or enumerator can be indicated with only Apply and select for predetermined lasting time or operand purpose.
Consumed how many energy according to expectation in the time window of definition, can be dissipated by main system 350 indicated horsepower and select. For example, main system 350 can indicate by specify "<X joule in Y millisecond " as a parameter to limiting peak power dissipate, or Instruction by specify "<A joule in B hour " is limiting average power dissipation.Can using other power dissipation specify, such as with Watt dissipates for the Instantaneous peak power of unit.
When storage control system 370 or SL interface 376 receive the more than one data storage for memory unit 310 When the seeervice level of device selects, such as the entirety of memory unit 310, then seeervice level selection can be in memory unit 310 Each data storage device on distribution or distribution with realize seeervice level selection.Multiple when making for memory unit 310 Seeervice level select when, then seeervice level select can the upper set of each data storage device of memory unit 310 and distribution with Realize seeervice level to select.For example, when specifying power dissipation rank for memory unit 310, storage control system 370 can be thin Divide the power level in the middle of the data storage device of memory unit 310, a part for power dissipation rank is distributed to storage Each data storage device of part 310 simultaneously realizes power dissipation rank.In other instances, storage control system 370 can Select to set up seeervice level selection with collection service level in the middle of data storage device, such as when by main system 350 nominated bandwidth Or handling capacity and during according to supporting that handling capacity distributes handling capacity in the middle of data storage device.Other performance factors can be Distribution or set in the middle of data storage device.
Process circuit 372 executes the validity check (405) with regard to selecting, not only for syntax error etc., and in order to Determine and choose whether corresponding to supported selection.In some instances, particular memory device or performance/power characteristic may Do not support some selections made by main system 350, such as when the performance/Power Limitation selecting more than various storage devices or Exceed characterization module 377 or HDD320-321 and SSD 322 during operation for storage device to be controlled point out for When possible.In some instances, the SLM 330-332 of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can receive and select and determine whether Do not support to select.Then HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can report this information to storage control system 370.
Whether be not effective, then SL interface 376 indicates mistake using one or more error messages to main system 350 if selecting Situation (406) by mistake, such as passes through to indicate which selects not being which value is value support with current.Can be indicated other to main frame 350 Mistake indicates, and in graphic user interface example, can illustrate to indicate graphical label or the instruction that selection is invalid to user Symbol.
If selecting effectively, SL interface 376 can indicate selection to process circuit 372 and process circuit 372 can root Select to control the operation of (407) storage device according to performance.In figure 3, seeervice level control module 378 can be with controller 380- 382 control storage device, the i.e. operation of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 in combination.These operations can include read and write operation And it is subject to various performance factors as above, i.e. hunting time, TTFB factor, the spin-up time of shaft assembly, medium Rotating speed, data throughout and power dissipation and the impact of other performance factors operation.In additional examples, can be using suitable When (JIT) find technology, or background media scanning (BMS) modification that operates is with hit performance or power dissipation objectives.
HDD320-321 and SSD can be managed in combination by control module 378 and SLM 330-332 in some instances 322 control.For example, control module 378 can receive and be selected by the seeervice level that main system 350 transmits, and seeervice level is selected It is sent to SLM 330-332 for being realized by associated data storage device.Control module 378 or controller 380- 382 can identify suitable order to be published to HDD 320-321 and SSD 322, to select to control HDD according to seeervice level 320-321 and SSD 322.HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can select to receive order according to seeervice level and operate.In addition Example in, control module 378 can realize seeervice level select with direct control data HDD320-321 and SSD 322.Especially Ground, power level can be specified by main system 350, and control module 378 can determine the phase corresponding to desired power level Association performance number or performance class, and according to determined by performance class or value control HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 In associated plurality of HDD 320-321 and SSD 322.In other instances, SLM 330-332 can be from storage control system 370 receptivities or power command, and select to realize this performance or power command according to specified seeervice level.
Because assuming standardization or normalized seeervice level option, seeervice level to main system 350 in this example Control module 378 can translate this standardization or normalized seeervice level value or selection, with according in the characterization operation phase Between each characteristic of device of determining controlling specific data storage device.Seeervice level control module 378 may be referred to store The seeervice level characterization data determining in operation 401 or any data knot of the normalization information determining in operation 402 Structure, and set up the reality of each storage device for carrying out performance or performance number or the selection made by main system 350 Control parameter.
The hunting time of rotating media can be controlled by changing the driving voltage of associated armature/voice coil loudspeaker voice coil element, And main system 350 can specify the hunting time with the second (millisecond) as unit or crest voltage or the peak by specifying employing Value power finds during the operation positioning read/write head.Can be added by the hunting time and axle spin that change rotating media Time, and the other factors of storage device soon to control the TTFB time.Main system 350 can be specified in units of second or millisecond TTFB, or can specify TTFB operation peak power dissipation.Can also be by being changed by associated motor/shaft part Power consumption is controlling the spin-up time of shaft assembly, and main system 350 can specify time or performance number.System is controlled by storage The particular characteristics of system 370 effect control and are subject to measured performance metric or Performance Characteristics, the showing of the reality of such as axle speed Field measurement, minimum TTFB, minimum hunting time and include the power dissipation of each other measured values impact.
By setting up, read operation and the speed of write operation, such as each second can be serviced by HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 Target or maximum reading or write store operation to control handling capacity.Handling capacity can be processed in control system 370 Speed governing, such as passes through to manage the speed of operation in process circuit 372, drive control device 308-382 or main interface 371.HDD 320-321 and SSD 322 can also be instructed by control system 370 to meet target throughput.Using other data storages dress Put, in the example of such as solid-state drive, or also in the hybrid drive including solid-state memory element, read/write is handled up Amount can also be controlled or speed governing is to adjust the power consumption of data driver.
In memory unit 310, the searching operation of data storage device can be modified to change mobile or positioning read/write The peak velocity of various electro-mechanical components of head, such as voice coil loudspeaker voice coil and armature component or crest voltage.This peak velocity or The change of crest voltage may lead to the different capacity of those elements to dissipate, and the different capacity of each storage device dissipates, and The total power dissipation of data-storage system.
The various adjustment of the searching characteristic to data storage device can be made.For example, it is possible to find operation for reducing Scope on the one or more data storage devices adjustment of peak power dissipation find archives.For example, shorter searching Operation can find, than longer, the less minimizing that operation has tracking velocity, to provide the net reduction of power dissipation.At it In his example, all find operation and reduce scheduled volumes, such as position the speed of associated read/write head, time, speed, acceleration Degree or the percentage ratio of power use.
But, in spin medium, even if read/write head navigates to suitable circumferential position, i.e. data-track, medium is also still So may be it is required that a fully rotating part places the desired data block under read/write head.Read/write head movement is expired by this The process of the orbital position hoped is typically referred to as finding operation.Various Power Controls can be adopted for the read/write operation of HDD Technology, such as (JIT) finds technology in good time.JIT is found technology and can be situated between using the spin under the read/write heads by data block positioning The advantage finding delay in matter, to control the power dissipation of associated armature and positioning component.Various track algorithms are permissible Mark spin medium with respect to current read/write head position position, and set up read/write head is moved to desired position thus The desired time meets desired data block, the time of the extra rotational latency without causing after the positioning of read/write head. These JIT technology typically use and position the less peak power of read/write head than only as early as possible with what electro-mechanical components allowed.Separately Outward, JIT technology can include finding the various optional rank of performance, such as 256 ranks in some instances, or its son Collection.
When using not rotating media, such as solid state medium, adjusting performance can be made, such as reduce associated solid-state The handling capacity of memory unit, by the write performance speed governing of solid state medium to the power limit consumption being used for write operation, or stops To flash media write operation simultaneously in other solid state mediums, such as nonvolatile memory or volatile memory high speed Caching hangs up write data.
Other adjustment include reducing or stop the data integrity of background media scanning (BMS) or data storage device Inspection.In additional examples, multiple data storage devices may be de-energized or so that associated rotating media rotation subtracts Slow to slower speed or stop operation, to reduce the power consumption of storage array 310.The combination of these technology can be adopted, and These changes can be only applied to selected data storage device and the whole set being applied to data storage device.
Included description and accompanying drawing illustrate specific embodiment to instruct those skilled in the art how to make and to use excellent Select embodiment.In order to instruct the purpose of inventive principle, simplified or eliminate some existing aspects.Art technology Personnel will be understood that and fall into the scope of the present invention from the change of these embodiments.Those skilled in the art also will recognize that and are described above Feature can combine in every way to form multiple embodiments.As a result, the invention is not restricted to particular implementation described above Example, but only by the equivalent restriction requiring with them.

Claims (20)

1. a kind of data-storage system, including：
One or more data storage devices, including for the storage of data and the medium of retrieval；
Main interface, is configured to receive the clothes being indicated by main system that the seeervice level for one or more data storage devices controls Business level selects；With
Storage control system, is configured to according to the one or more of data storage device of described seeervice level selection operation.
2. data-storage system as claimed in claim 1, including：
Service-level interface, be configured to described main system present seeervice level option and receive being indicated by described main system or Multiple seeervice levels select.
3. data-storage system as claimed in claim 2, wherein, described service-level interface is in response to being issued by described main system Seeervice level inquiry and assume seeervice level option to described main system.
4. data-storage system as claimed in claim 1, including：
Described storage control system is configured to identify performance information and the power information of one or more data storage devices, to build The seeervice level founding one or more data storage devices is measured.
5. data-storage system as claimed in claim 4, including：
Storage control system, is configured to normalization and is crossing over the performance of one or more data storage devices and the change of power information Change in the middle of seeervice level measure, and measured based on normalized seeervice level set up each in one or more data storage devices Individual seeervice level target, wherein said seeervice level target is by described storage control system using according to one or more seeervice levels Select to operate one or more data storage devices.
6. data-storage system as claimed in claim 4, including：
Described storage control system is configured to measure at least based on seeervice level and determines when for associated data storage device Do not enable seeervice level to select, and responsively indicate erroneous condition to described main system.
7. data-storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described seeervice level selects to include for one or more data The power target of storage device and performance objective.
8. data-storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described seeervice level selects to include one or more data storages The power target of device and performance objective one or more of are worked as and to be selected, and wherein, described performance objective includes primary Time performance, the spin-up performance of associated axle, the searching performance of associated read/write head and the data to main system gulp down At least one of the amount of telling, and wherein, described power target includes in peak power target and average power target at least one Individual.
9. data-storage system as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described seeervice level selects for more than one data storage Device is made, and includes：
Storage control system is configured to distribution seeervice level in the middle of more than one data storage device and selects, with according to described clothes The business one or more data storage device of level selection operation.
10. a kind of method of peration data storage system, methods described includes：
One or more data storage devices store and retrieval data；
Receive the seeervice level selection being indicated by main system that the seeervice level for one or more data storage devices controls；With
According to the one or more of data storage device of described seeervice level selection operation.
11. methods as claimed in claim 10, further include：
In service-level interface, assume seeervice level option to described main system and receive or many being indicated by described main system Individual seeervice level selects.
12. methods as claimed in claim 11, further include：
Seeervice level in response to being issued from described main system is inquired and is assumed seeervice level option to described main system.
13. methods as claimed in claim 10, further include：
Identify the performance information of one or more data storage devices and power information is filled with setting up one or more data storages The seeervice level put is measured.
14. methods as claimed in claim 13, further include：
Seeervice level in the middle of the change of the performance information crossing over one or more data storage devices and power information for the normalization Measure, and measure the seeervice level mesh setting up each of one or more data storage devices based on normalized seeervice level Mark, wherein said seeervice level target is used for selecting to operate one or more data storage dresses according to one or more seeervice levels Put.
15. methods as claimed in claim 13, further include：
Measure at least based on seeervice level and determine when that not enabling seeervice level for associated data storage device selects, and ring Erroneous condition should be indicated to described main system in ground.
16. methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described seeervice level selects to include filling for one or more data storages The power target put and performance objective.
17. methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described seeervice level selects to include one or more data storage devices Power target and performance objective one or more of are worked as and to be selected, and wherein, described performance objective includes primary timeliness Can, the associated spin-up performance of axle, the searching performance of associated read/write head and in the data throughout of main system At least one, and wherein, described power target includes at least one of peak power target and average power target.
18. methods as claimed in claim 10, wherein, described seeervice level selects to do for more than one data storage device Go out, and further include：
In the middle of more than one data storage device, distribution seeervice level selects, with according to described seeervice level selection operation one or Multiple data storage devices.
A kind of 19. service-level interface for data storage device, described service-level interface includes：
Main interface, is configured to present the performance class for changing at least data storage device being associated with service-level interface Seeervice level option with power consumption；
This main interface is configured to receive and is selected by one or more seeervice levels that described main system indicates；With
Storage control system, is configured to according to one or more of seeervice level selection operation at least data storage devices.
20. service-level interface as claimed in claim 19, wherein, described seeervice level selects to include one or more data storages The power target of device and performance objective one or more of are worked as and to be selected, and wherein, described performance objective includes primary Time performance, the spin-up performance of associated axle, the searching performance of associated read/write head and the data to main system gulp down At least one of the amount of telling, and wherein, described power target includes in peak power target and average power target at least one Individual.
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