CN106484019B - A kind of linear voltage regulator, power supply system and pressure regulation method - Google Patents

A kind of linear voltage regulator, power supply system and pressure regulation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106484019B
CN106484019B CN201611068721.1A CN201611068721A CN106484019B CN 106484019 B CN106484019 B CN 106484019B CN 201611068721 A CN201611068721 A CN 201611068721A CN 106484019 B CN106484019 B CN 106484019B
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load
voltage
reference voltage
operational amplifier
power supply
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CN106484019A (en
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王钊
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Hefei Sino Microelectronics Co Ltd
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Hefei Sino Microelectronics Co Ltd
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05FSYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • G05F1/561Voltage to current converters

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Continuous-Control Power Sources That Use Transistors (AREA)

Abstract

A kind of linear voltage regulator is provided in the embodiment of the present application, which includes: that reference voltage generates unit, carries out voltage division processing, output reference voltage to the supply voltage of outside access;Feedback regulation unit is adjusted the voltage between the first load and the second load based on the comparison result of voltage between the reference voltage and external concatenated first load and the second load;First load and the second load are connected to the reference voltage and generate between unit and feedback regulation unit;Output voltage of the voltage as pressure regulator between first load and the second load.Using the scheme in the application, load supplying efficiency is effectively improved by parallel linear voltage regulation, meanwhile, without in addition increasing capacitance component on pcb board, production cost is reduced, the use space of pcb board is saved.

Description

A kind of linear voltage regulator, power supply system and pressure regulation method
Technical field
This application involves microelectric techniques, and in particular, to a kind of linear voltage regulator and pressure regulation for microminiature equipment Method.
Background technique
Pressure regulator is widely used in the transformation power supply of load circuit as a kind of line-voltage regulator part.But it is right When input power VIN is adjusted to VIN/2 or VIN/2 voltage below to be powered circuit power supply, the work of linear voltage regulator Making efficiency will substantially reduce, and working efficiency only has 50% or lower.As shown in Figure 1, for linear voltage regulator circuit in the prior art Structure chart, as shown in Figure 1, conventional linear pressure regulator by input power be reduced to VIN/2 be load supplying when, have half Efficiency is slatterned by linear voltage regulator.
In order to meet VIN/2 or VIN/2 power voltage supply below, charge pump conduct is generallyd use in the prior art VIN/2 or VIN/2 pressure regulation device below, can increase substantially power supply efficiency in this way.As shown in Fig. 2, in the prior art 1/2 The charge pump of multiplying power includes input power VIN, switch S11, S12, S21, S22, capacitor C1, Co, load Load.C1 is to fly capacitor (flying capacitor).Co is output capacitance.Clock signal CK1 and CK2 can be with alternate conductions, such as when being respectively connected identical Between.Figure it is seen that traditional charge pump needs at least one to fly capacitor and an output capacitance, moved by flying capacitor Charge, to realize energy transfer.The advantage of this miniature device is to occupy little space, easy to use, mass production at This is low;But the use of these capacitors will increase the occupancy to printed circuit board area, be unfavorable for compact apparatus, for example, blue The production of tooth earphone;And it will increase application cost.
The shortcomings of the prior art is:
1, the working efficiency of existing pressure regulation power supply will be too low, is unable to satisfy load supplying demand;
2, existing pressure regulation power supply device occupied space is big, and application cost is high, is unable to satisfy the design needs of microminiature equipment.
Summary of the invention
A kind of linear voltage regulator and pressure regulation method are provided in the embodiment of the present application, are improved by parallel linear voltage regulation negative Power supply efficiency is carried, meanwhile, without in addition increasing capacitance component on pcb board, production cost is reduced, the use of pcb board is saved Space.
The present invention provides a kind of linear voltage regulator, which includes:
Reference voltage generates unit, carries out voltage division processing, output reference voltage to the supply voltage of outside access;
Feedback regulation unit, based on voltage between the reference voltage and external concatenated first load and the second load The voltage between the first load and the second load is adjusted in comparison result;
First load and the second connected in series with the load, and generate unit parallel connection with the reference voltage and accessed with external Power supply connection;
Output voltage of the voltage as pressure regulator between first load and the second load.
A kind of power supply system, the system include: power supply, the first resistor and second resistance of series connection, and, string The first load and the second load of connection connection;
The first resistor and second resistance of the series connection and the first load of the series connection and the second load are simultaneously Connection is connected on power supply:
It is connected in turn between first resistor and the tie point and the first load and the tie point of the second load of second resistance Operational amplifier and metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The first input end of the operational amplifier is connect with the tie point of first resistor and second resistance, and the operation is put The output end of big device and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor connect, and the drain electrode of the second input terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor of the operational amplifier connects;Institute The tie point stated between the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor and the first load and the second load connects;
The source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is grounded;Or, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is connect with power supply
The present invention also provides a kind of parallel linear voltage regulation method, the step of this method, includes:
Voltage division processing is carried out to the supply voltage of access, obtains reference voltage, meanwhile, obtain series connection access external power supply Voltage between first load and the second load;
Based on the comparison result of voltage between the reference voltage and the first load and the second load, to the first load and the Voltage between two loads is adjusted;
Using first load after adjusting and the voltage between the second load as pressure regulation output voltage.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:
Load circuit is split as two dummy loads, and is connected in a manner of stacking and access electricity by herein described scheme Source adjusts the voltage between two dummy loads by way of feedback regulation, to realize the real-time tune to regulator output voltage It is whole.Dummy load after being split by rational allocation, the effective power supply efficiency for improving load circuit, meanwhile, without in addition existing Increase capacitance component in linear voltage regulator on pcb board, reduces production cost, save the use space of pcb board.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of conventional linear pressure regulator described in background of invention;
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of the pump of conventional charge described in background of invention;
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of laminated type linear voltage regulator described in the embodiment of the present invention 1;
Fig. 4 is the schematic diagram of laminated type linear voltage regulator described in the embodiment of the present invention 2.
1, reference voltage generates unit, 2, feedback regulation unit.
Specific embodiment
In order to which technical solution in the embodiment of the present application and advantage is more clearly understood, below in conjunction with attached drawing to the application Exemplary embodiment be described in more detail, it is clear that described embodiment be only the application a part implement Example, rather than the exhaustion of all embodiments.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, embodiment and reality in the application The feature applied in example can be combined with each other.
Core of the invention thinking is to be powered in the prior art using pressure regulator to the single load of access power supply Mode, change into and load the load LoadB access power supply of LoadA and second for the first of series connection and be powered, and utilize Linear voltage regulator described in this programme carries out feedback regulation to the output voltage being powered for double loads, realizes to input power The adjusting of VIN/2 or VIN/2 or less the supply voltage of VIN.In turn, a kind of linear voltage regulator and pressure regulation are provided in present example Method is described in detail below.
As shown in figure 3, providing a kind of linear voltage regulator in first example of the invention, which includes: with reference to electricity Pressure generates unit and feedback regulation unit;
Reference voltage generates unit and is used to carry out voltage division processing, output reference voltage to the supply voltage of outside access.
Specifically, the reference voltage generates the first resistor R1 that unit includes: series connection and the second electricity in this example Hinder R2;The first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 and input power are connected in series, and are carried out by two resistance to input power Voltage division processing;The tie point of the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 generates the reference voltage of unit as the reference voltage Output end is connect with the feedback regulation unit.In the present solution, the resistance value of the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 can be It is equal, it is also possible to not equal.As first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 equal, reference voltage generates the mark of unit output Quasi- voltage is VIN/2.As first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 unequal, the voltage that reference voltage generates unit output isI.e. according to user's needs, the resistance value of first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 are adjusted, generates reference voltage single Normal voltage needed for member exportsThe scheme further preferred for this programme, the first resistor R1 and Adjustable resistance can be set into two resistance R2, to meet the actual pressure regulation demand of user.Adjustment mode can be manual Position adjusts, presets adjusting or automatically adjusted by controller, and the implementation of above-mentioned regulation scheme can pass through this field The conventional technical means that technical staff is grasped is realized.
Feedback regulation unit is mainly by the reference voltage and external concatenated first load loadA and the second load Voltage is compared between loadB, by comparing result to first load loadA and second load loadB between voltage into Row is adjusted.
Specifically, the feedback regulation unit includes: operational amplifier OP and NMOS tube MN3;The operational amplifier OP Negative input end generate unit as input terminal and the reference voltage of the feedback regulation unit and connect;The operational amplifier OP Output end connect with the grid of NMOS tube MNS, the drain electrode of the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier OP and NMOS tube MNS connect It connects;The drain electrode of the NMOS tube MNS is as the output end of the feedback regulation unit and the first load loadA and the second load Tie point connection between loadB;The source electrode of the NMOS tube MNS is grounded.
It should be noted that needing to guarantee described first when using feedback regulation unit described in one embodiment It loads loadA and is less than or equal to the second load loadB.
The linear voltage regulator further include: for being connected with external power source power interface, for exporting voltage after pressure regulation Voltage output interface, and for connect first load loadA and second load loadB two loading interfaces.
As shown in figure 3, resistance R1, R2 of the linear voltage regulator are equal in this example, pass through first resistor R1 and second The reference voltage of resistance R2 composition generates the reference voltage VIN/2 that unit generates.Operational amplifier OP compares VM voltage and VR electricity Pressure, when VM voltage is greater than VR voltage, operational amplifier OP output voltage is increased, and NMOS tube MN3 conducting electric current is caused to increase, from And by VM voltage pull-down;When VM voltage is less than VR voltage, operational amplifier OP output voltage is reduced, and NMOS tube MN3 is caused to lead Galvanization reduces, so as to cause the rising of VM voltage.Negative-feedback regu- lation is formed in this way, only when VM voltage is equal to VR voltage, electricity Road enters stable state.The resistance value for designing resistance R1 and resistance R2 is equal, then VR voltage is equal to VIN/2, under stable state, VM It is also equal to VIN/2.
Assuming that the current drain of LoadA is IA, the current drain of LoadB is IB, and the difference of the two current drain is equal to Δ I, That is Δ I=IA-IB
Computational efficiency are as follows:
From the above equation, we can see that system power supply efficiency is higher if Δ I is smaller with respect to IA.When i.e. segmentation loads, two parts electricity Stream consumption is closer, then system power supply efficiency is higher.
Resistance R1, R2 of linear voltage regulator described in this example can be unequal, manually or automatically adjust first Resistance R1 and second resistance R2 is adjusted to user to predetermined value, passes through the reference voltage of first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 composition Generate the reference voltage that unit generatesBy feedback regulation unit to the reference voltage And first voltage between load LoadA and the second load LoadB be compared, and loaded by comparing result to first Voltage between the load of LoadA and second LoadB is adjusted, to realize that the linear voltage regulator powers to VIN/2 or less The adjusting of voltage.Using the method adjusted on demand to first resistor R1 and second resistance R2, at the same can satisfy to VIN/2 with The adjusting of upper supply voltage, to realize the power supply tune of each voltage section to input power of linear voltage regulator described in this programme Section.
As shown in figure 4, providing a kind of linear voltage regulator in second example of the invention, which includes: with reference to electricity Pressure generates unit, feedback regulation unit, power interface, voltage output interface and loading interfaces
Feedback regulation unit is mainly by electricity between the reference voltage and the first load loadA and the second load loadB Pressure is compared, and the voltage between the first load loadA and the second load loadB is adjusted by comparing result.
Specifically, the feedback regulation unit includes: operational amplifier OP and PMOS tube MP5;
Input terminal and ginseng of the negative input end of the operational amplifier operational amplifier OP as the feedback regulation unit Examine voltage generating unit connection;The output end of the operational amplifier operational amplifier OP is connect with the grid of PMOS tube MP5, institute The positive input terminal for stating operational amplifier OP is connect with the drain electrode of PMOS tube MNS;The drain electrode of the PMOS tube MP5 is as the feedback The tie point adjusted between the output end of unit and the first load loadA and the second load loadB connects;The PMOS tube MP5 Source electrode connect to power supply.
It should be noted that needing to guarantee first load when using feedback regulation unit in second embodiment LoadA is greater than or equal to the second load loadB.
Second reference voltage as described in the examples generates the compositions portions such as unit, power interface and voltage output interface Point, it is identical as the selection condition of documented functional unit, device and interface in first example or selection mode.
As shown in figure 4, resistance R1, R2 of the linear voltage regulator are equal in this example, pass through first resistor R1 and second The reference voltage of resistance R2 composition generates the reference voltage VIN/2 that unit generates.Operational amplifier OP compares VM voltage and VR electricity Pressure, when VM voltage is greater than VR voltage, operational amplifier OP output voltage is increased, and PMOS tube MP5 conducting electric current is caused to increase, from And by VM voltage pull-down;When VM voltage is less than VR voltage, operational amplifier OP output voltage is reduced, and PMOS tube MP5 is caused to lead Galvanization reduces, so as to cause the rising of VM voltage.Negative-feedback regu- lation is formed in this way, only when VM voltage is equal to VR voltage, electricity Road enters stable state.The resistance value for designing resistance R1 and resistance R2 is equal, then VR voltage is equal to VIN/2, under stable state, VM It is also equal to VIN/2.
Assuming that the current drain of LoadA is IA, the current drain of LoadB is IB, and the difference of the two current drain is equal to Δ I, That is Δ I=IB-IA
Computational efficiency are as follows:
From the above equation, we can see that system power supply efficiency is higher if Δ I is smaller with respect to IA.When i.e. segmentation loads, two parts electricity Stream consumption is closer, then system power supply efficiency is higher.
Resistance R1, R2 of linear voltage regulator described in this example can be unequal, manually or automatically adjust first Resistance R1 and second resistance R2 is adjusted to user to predetermined value, passes through the reference voltage of first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 composition Generate the reference voltage that unit generatesBy feedback regulation unit to the reference voltage And first voltage between load LoadA and the second load LoadB be compared, and loaded by comparing result to first Voltage between the load of LoadA and second LoadB is adjusted, to realize that the linear voltage regulator powers to VIN/2 or less The adjusting of voltage.Using the method adjusted on demand to first resistor R1 and second resistance R2, at the same can satisfy to VIN/2 with The adjusting of upper supply voltage, to realize that the power supply of each voltage section to input power of linear voltage regulator described in this programme is adjusted
Third embodiment of the invention provides a kind of power supply system, which includes: power supply, and the of series connection One resistance R1 and second resistance R2, and, the first load LoadA of series connection and the second load LoadB;
First load LoadA of the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 of the series connection and the series connection and the Two load LoadB are connected in parallel on power supply:
The tie point of the tie point of first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 and the first load LoadA and the second load LoadB Between be connected with operational amplifier OP and metal-oxide-semiconductor in turn;
The first input end of the operational amplifier OP is connect with the tie point of first resistor R1 and second resistance R2, described The output end of operational amplifier OP and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor connect, the leakage of the second input terminal and metal-oxide-semiconductor of the operational amplifier OP Pole connection;Tie point between the drain electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor and the first load LoadA and the second load LoadB connects;
The source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is grounded;Or, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is connect with power supply.
The step of four embodiment of the invention provides a kind of parallel linear voltage regulation method, this method include:
S1, voltage division processing is carried out to the supply voltage of access, obtains reference voltage, meanwhile, obtain series connection access external electrical Voltage between first load and the second load in source;
S2, the comparison result based on voltage between the reference voltage and the first load and the second load, load to first Voltage between the second load is adjusted;
S3, described first after adjusting is loaded into the voltage between the second load as pressure regulation output voltage.
In this example, the reference voltage is the half of external access supply voltage.
In this example, it is described to first load second load between voltage be adjusted the step of include:
S41, when the voltage between the first load and the second load is greater than reference voltage, then reduce the first load with second Voltage between load;
S42, when the voltage between the first load and the second load is less than reference voltage, then increase the first load with second Voltage between load.
For convenience of description, each section of apparatus described above is divided into various modules with function or unit describes respectively. Certainly, each module or the function of unit can be realized in same or multiple softwares or hardware in carrying out the present invention.
Technical solution provided in an embodiment of the present invention effectively improves load supplying efficiency by parallel linear voltage regulation, Meanwhile without in addition increasing capacitance component on pcb board, production cost is reduced, the use space of pcb board is saved.
It should be understood by those skilled in the art that, embodiments herein can provide as method, system or computer program Product.Therefore, complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or reality combining software and hardware aspects can be used in the application Apply the form of example.Moreover, it wherein includes the computer of computer usable program code that the application, which can be used in one or more, The computer program implemented in usable storage medium (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical memory etc.) produces The form of product.
The application is referring to method, the process of equipment (system) and computer program product according to the embodiment of the present application Figure and/or block diagram describe.It should be understood that every one stream in flowchart and/or the block diagram can be realized by computer program instructions The combination of process and/or box in journey and/or box and flowchart and/or the block diagram.It can provide these computer programs Instruct the processor of general purpose computer, special purpose computer, Embedded Processor or other programmable data processing devices to produce A raw machine, so that being generated by the instruction that computer or the processor of other programmable data processing devices execute for real The device for the function of being specified in present one or more flows of the flowchart and/or one or more blocks of the block diagram.
These computer program instructions, which may also be stored in, is able to guide computer or other programmable data processing devices with spy Determine in the computer-readable memory that mode works, so that it includes referring to that instruction stored in the computer readable memory, which generates, Enable the manufacture of device, the command device realize in one box of one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram or The function of being specified in multiple boxes.
These computer program instructions also can be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device, so that counting Series of operation steps are executed on calculation machine or other programmable devices to generate computer implemented processing, thus in computer or The instruction executed on other programmable devices is provided for realizing in one or more flows of the flowchart and/or block diagram one The step of function of being specified in a box or multiple boxes.
Although the preferred embodiment of the application has been described, it is created once a person skilled in the art knows basic Property concept, then additional changes and modifications may be made to these embodiments.So it includes excellent that the following claims are intended to be interpreted as It selects embodiment and falls into all change and modification of the application range.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various modification and variations without departing from the essence of the application to the application Mind and range.In this way, if these modifications and variations of the application belong to the range of the claim of this application and its equivalent technologies Within, then the application is also intended to include these modifications and variations.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of linear voltage regulator, which is characterized in that the pressure regulator includes:
Reference voltage generates unit, carries out voltage division processing, output reference voltage to the supply voltage VIN of outside access;
Feedback regulation unit, based on the reference voltage and external concatenated first load compared with voltage between the second load As a result, the voltage between the first load and the second load is adjusted;
First load and the second connected in series with the load, the first load and the second load of series connection and the reference voltage It is in parallel to generate unit, and is connected to external access power supply;
Output voltage of the voltage as pressure regulator between first load and the second load;
Wherein, first load and the second load are two dummy loads for splitting load circuit and obtaining.
2. pressure regulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the reference voltage generates unit and includes:
The first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 of series connection;
The tie point of the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 as the reference voltage generate unit output end with it is described The connection of feedback regulation unit.
3. pressure regulator according to claim 2, which is characterized in that when the first resistor R1 and second resistance R2 equal, The output voltage of pressure regulator is VIN/2.
4. pressure regulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback regulation unit include: operational amplifier and NMOS tube;
The first input end of the operational amplifier generates unit as the input terminal and reference voltage of the feedback regulation unit Connection;
The output end of the operational amplifier and the grid of NMOS tube connect, the second input terminal and NMOS of the operational amplifier The drain electrode of pipe connects;
The drain electrode of the NMOS tube is as the company between the output end of the feedback regulation unit and the first load and the second load Contact connection;
The source electrode of the NMOS tube is grounded.
5. pressure regulator according to claim 4, which is characterized in that first load is less than or equal to the second load.
6. pressure regulator according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the feedback regulation unit include: operational amplifier and PMOS tube;
The first input end of the operational amplifier generates unit as the input terminal and reference voltage of the feedback regulation unit Connection;
The output end of the operational amplifier and the grid of PMOS tube connect, the second input terminal and PMOS of the operational amplifier The drain electrode of pipe connects;
The drain electrode of the PMOS tube is as the company between the output end of the feedback regulation unit and the first load and the second load Contact connection;
The source electrode of the PMOS tube is connect with external power supply.
7. pressure regulator according to claim 6, which is characterized in that first load is more than or equal to the second load.
8. a kind of power supply system, which is characterized in that the system includes: power supply, the first resistor of series connection and the second electricity Resistance, and, the first load and the second load of series connection;
First load and second load of the first resistor and second resistance of the series connection with the series connection are in parallel even It connects on power supply:
Operation is connected in turn between first resistor and the tie point and the first load and the tie point of the second load of second resistance Amplifier and metal-oxide-semiconductor;
The first input end of the operational amplifier is connect with the tie point of first resistor and second resistance, the operational amplifier Output end and the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor connect, the drain electrode of the second input terminal of the operational amplifier and metal-oxide-semiconductor connects;The MOS Tie point between the drain electrode of pipe and the first load and the second load connects;
The source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is grounded;Or, the source electrode of the metal-oxide-semiconductor is connect with power supply;
Wherein, first load and the second load are two dummy loads for splitting load circuit and obtaining.
9. a kind of parallel linear voltage regulation method, which is characterized in that the step of this method includes:
Voltage division processing is carried out to the supply voltage of access, obtains reference voltage, meanwhile, obtain the first of series connection access external power supply Voltage between load and the second load;
It is negative to the first load and second based on the comparison result of voltage between the reference voltage and the first load and the second load Voltage between load is adjusted;When the voltage between the first load and the second load is greater than reference voltage, then first is reduced Voltage between load and the second load;When the voltage between the first load and the second load is less than reference voltage, then increase Voltage between first load and the second load;
Using first load after adjusting and the voltage between the second load as pressure regulation output voltage;
Wherein, first load and the second load are two dummy loads for splitting load circuit and obtaining.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, the reference voltage is the two of external access supply voltage / mono-.
CN201611068721.1A 2016-11-29 2016-11-29 A kind of linear voltage regulator, power supply system and pressure regulation method Active CN106484019B (en)

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CN111857222B (en) * 2020-06-18 2022-04-19 苏州浪潮智能科技有限公司 System for power supply voltage regulation
CN114518777A (en) * 2020-11-19 2022-05-20 启碁科技股份有限公司 Voltage regulation circuit with dynamically configurable feedback voltage

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CN1760782A (en) * 2004-10-13 2006-04-19 鸿富锦精密工业(深圳)有限公司 Motherboard direct current linear stabilized power supply
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