CN106483684B - Electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics - Google Patents
Electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics Download PDFInfo
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- CN106483684B CN106483684B CN201611014835.8A CN201611014835A CN106483684B CN 106483684 B CN106483684 B CN 106483684B CN 201611014835 A CN201611014835 A CN 201611014835A CN 106483684 B CN106483684 B CN 106483684B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02F—OPTICAL DEVICES OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR THE CONTROL OF LIGHT BY MODIFICATION OF THE OPTICAL PROPERTIES OF THE MEDIA OF THE ELEMENTS INVOLVED THEREIN; NON-LINEAR OPTICS; FREQUENCY-CHANGING OF LIGHT; OPTICAL LOGIC ELEMENTS; OPTICAL ANALOGUE/DIGITAL CONVERTERS
- G02F1/00—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics
- G02F1/01—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour
- G02F1/03—Devices or arrangements for the control of the intensity, colour, phase, polarisation or direction of light arriving from an independent light source, e.g. switching, gating or modulating; Non-linear optics for the control of the intensity, phase, polarisation or colour based on ceramics or electro-optical crystals, e.g. exhibiting Pockels effect or Kerr effect
- G02F1/0305—Constructional arrangements
- G02F1/0316—Electrodes
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- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, electric light arbitrary waveform generator of the present invention based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, it include: tiny fiber-optics, graphene grid layer, positive electrode array, negative electrode array and planar substrates, graphene grid layer is placed in planar substrates, tiny fiber-optics are placed in graphene grid layer, positive electrode array includes multiple positive electrodes, negative electrode array includes multiple negative electrodes, each positive electrode of positive electrode array and each negative electrode of negative electrode array are connected to the both ends of graphene grid layer each unit.By required waveform compilation at the space electric signal array changed over time, the space electric signal array of generation changed over time is applied to the both ends of graphene grid layer each unit.Change space electric signal array caused by electrod-array with lower frequency, which can accurately generate any required waveform.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical fiber communication devices field, in particular to a kind of electric light based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics
Arbitrary waveform generator.
Background technique
Random waveform light pulse (OAWG) can satisfy next generation network to the need of ultrahigh speed transmission rate and ultra wide bandwidth
Ask: OAWG can produce wide-band microwave signal, for example be suitble to the gaussian signal and the higher waveform of energy efficiency of communication；OAWG
Complicated full light vector modulation format, such as QAM, QPSK, DPSK, DSB-SC can be provided, transmission spectrum efficiency is improved；OAWG
Dispersion compensation can be carried out to signal is received, improve signal quality；OAWG can carry out terahertz signal synthesis, adapt to ultrahigh speed
Communication system；OAWG is in full light packet network, for generating optical label；OAWG can also generate any microwave signal,
Such as the time-multiplexed radio frequency random waveform of multichannel.
The control of light wave type can be realized from two angles of frequency domain and time domain.Frequency domain method be based primarily upon diffraction grating,
The devices such as Waveguide array and fiber grating.Frequency domain method based on diffraction grating utilizes diffraction grating by the frequency spectrum of input optical pulse
Ingredient is spatially separated, and optical pulse shape is determined by Fourier transformation mode of the mask plate on frequency domain.Fixed exposure mask
Version can not real-time monitoring, and utilize programmable spatial light modulator can to the light of different spatial progress amplitude and phase
It adjusts, however realizes that the output of random waveform requires spatial light modulator modulation bandwidth with higher and spatial resolution.
2005, Z.Jiang et al. proposed the concept of shaping line by line, and the space light comb for using high resolution diffraction gratings to obtain is as defeated
Enter, using every spectral line of LCD space light modulator independent control, obtains the output waveform of high duty ratio.But in this method
In, the modulating speed of spatial light modulator needs to balance with the quality for generating waveform, can not be optimal simultaneously, while this side
There is the problems such as collimation control is complicated, coupling loss is high and not easy of integration in method, limit practical application.
Array waveguide grating channel is more, can be used to differentiate each spectral line in light comb, combine with modulator array,
It may be implemented to each independent manipulation of spectral line amplitude and phase.However the spectral line number of the method shaping based on array waveguide grating
Amount is limited by its Free Spectral Range, and up to 49 at present, while the interference of coloration is also frequency domain point between adjacency channel
Resolution can not be lower than 10Ghz.
Reshaping structure based on fiber grating makes it possible simple low-loss all optical fiber system.Due to having complexity
The fiber grating manufacture difficulty of reflectance spectrum is higher, and Naum K.Berger et al. proposes the uniform fiber bragg grating of cascade, and
Devise reflectivity, time delay and the phase shift of each grating.
Other generate the method for random waveform also: dispersion compensating fiber combination electro-optic phase modulator is based on microwave light
Subfilter (MZ interferometer combination electrooptic modulator) generates arbitrary shape electric pulse control laser, utilizes Cross-phase Modulation
The nonlinear phase shift of middle generation and optic fibre environment realized to the shaping of light pulse, using non-linear high birefringence optical fiber shaping pulse with
And the methods such as pulse pile-up.
Frequency-domain waveform control method has higher requirement for external environment in practical applications, is distributed in space not
Same frequency ingredient is difficult have identical response for ambient noise, affects the accuracy of control.Frequency domain method in many cases
It is that phase operation is carried out respectively to each wavelength, this requires element manufacturing to have very high precision.Meanwhile frequency domain method is defeated based on light comb
Enter, this all requires the quantity and frequency interval of light comb.The shadow of environment can be effectively reduced using suitable time domain approach
It rings, while reducing the manufacture difficulty of device.Time domain approach based on modulator requires modulator to have ultrafast response speed, adjust
The size of depth and very little processed is to select well using graphene as the two-dimensional material of representative.
Graphene is by carbon atom with sp2It is flat in two nitrogen-atoms layers of honeycomb crystal lattice that hybridized orbit forms regular hexagon
Faceted crystal film, dirac cone band structure make it have photoelectric properties various peculiar and outstanding (saturated absorption, ultrafast current-carrying
Sub- transition and relaxation process etc.).Optical modulator, ultrafast mode-locked laser, photodetector, Polarization Control based on these characteristics
Device, optical limiter and photovoltaic device, transparent electrode and conductive film are by experimental demonstration or commercialization.Wherein, it is based on stone
The optical modulator of black alkene presents the incomparable advantage of other materials modulator in terms of modulating speed, while also taking into account integrated
The considerations of property, modulation depth, modulation bandwidth and power consumption etc..
Electrooptic modulator based on graphene controls graphene to load by the fermi level of change regulating and controlling voltage graphene
The transmission of wave and absorbent properties realize modulation, while the ultrafast carrier relaxation speed of graphene makes the speed of this modulation can
With very fast (several hundred fs to several ps).Ultra-wide wavelength modulation range, big modulation depth, low-power consumption and high area efficiency are also graphite
Alkene gives the advantages of full light modulation.Liu Ming from University of California Berkeley in 2011 et al. realizes graphene electric light tune for the first time
Since system, the simulation calculation of a large amount of graphene electro-optical modulators and experiment are reported, and become to modulate currently based on graphene and study
Main way.
Optical fiber is made into the advantages of modulator is by optical fiber: modulator and existing fiber as waveguiding structure in conjunction with graphene
Communication system is compatible, extremely low input, output coupling lose；Light can be transmitted in a fiber with basic mode, extremely low transmission loss；
Optical fiber structure theory is mature, performance is clear, wide variety, conducive to the modulation for designing various function admirables in conjunction with graphene
Device.
It should be noted that existing modulator is all by the way of the modulation of spatially single-point, what is generated in this way is modulated
The speed of signal is equal to modulated signal speed, just needs superfast tune when needing the signal for loading ultra-high frequency in carrier wave
Signal processed, and the photosystem for the high speed circuit and generation Superhigh repetition rate light pulse sequence for generating ultrafast electric signal is all difficult to
Production, price is also expensive.Optical Time Division Multiplexing is a kind of generation effective method of high speed signal, but optical time division multiplexer
It is very high and temperature sensitive to production required precision, while itself needs very narrow pulsed light as light source.By Gao Chongfu
The modulated signal that the modulated signal of frequency is spatially disassembled as many low-repetition-frequencies adds simultaneously in the different location of optical waveguide
It carries, the effect of same available High Speed Modulation is carried out while modulated to the different spaces part of carrier wave, this method is by this hair
It is bright to be put forward for the first time, referred to as spatial modulation.
Any waveform generator based on above-mentioned graphene spatial modulator spatially to the carrier wave of different location into
Row different absorption generates any waveform in time domain, which has the advantages that all of above-mentioned graphene spatial modulator,
It is one kind application well of graphene spatial modulator.
Summary of the invention
In view of the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention proposes the electric light based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics is any
Waveform generator, it is intended to the accurate waveform for generating unlimited range and arbitrarily needing.
To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
Electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, comprising: tiny fiber-optics 1, graphene grid layer
2, positive electrode array 3, negative electrode array 4 and planar substrates 5；
The graphene grid layer 2 is placed in planar substrates 5, and the tiny fiber-optics 1 are placed in graphene grid layer 2；
The positive electrode array 3 includes multiple positive electrodes, and the negative electrode array 4 includes multiple negative electrodes；
Each positive electrode of the positive electrode array 3 and each negative electrode of negative electrode array 4 are connected to graphene grid layer 2
The both ends of each unit.
On the basis of above scheme, the diameter of the tiny fiber-optics 1 is 1-20 μm.
On the basis of above scheme, the number of plies of the graphene grid layer 2 is less than 10.
On the basis of above scheme, the length of 2 each unit of graphene grid layer is 20-500 μm, adjacent cells spacing
It is 100-3000 μm, unit number 30.
On the basis of above scheme, in micron dimension, the space periodic is the space periodic of the graphene grid layer 2
The spacing of two adjoining graphite alkene bands.
By above-mentioned setting, the space electric signal battle array changed over time that required waveform compilation is generated at electrod-array
Column change space electric signal array caused by electrod-array with lower frequency, which can accurately generate any required
Waveform.
General principles: tiny fiber-optics 1 have strong evanscent field, and carrier wave is diffused into graphene grid layer 2 and is connect
It is modulated.Each positive and negative electrode of electrod-array is into graphene grid layer 2, corresponding unit applies voltage simultaneously respectively, simultaneously
Change the fermi level of each unit, thus the absorbability of spatial position carrier wave where adjusting 2 pairs of graphene grid layer.Required waveform
It is disassembled the space electric signal array changed over time for being compiled as electrod-array generation, by the space of generation changed over time
Array of electrical signals is applied to the both ends of 2 each unit of graphene grid layer, makes the absorption characteristic of graphene grid layer 2 along tiny fiber-optics 1
Axis is upwardly formed spatial distribution identical with space electric signal array, carries out adjustable multiposition to carrier wave and absorbs simultaneously.Graphite
Alkene ultrashort carrier relaxation time makes each position carrier wave be absorbed feature there are three the waveform to be formed tools: micron level width,
Amplitude can be controlled by its position electric signal, and shape is very close to rectangle.2 carrier wave of each position through absorbing of graphene grid layer
Spatially sequentially combination forms wave packet to waveform, that is, produces required waveform.The large-sized graphene grid of 1 axis direction of tiny fiber-optics
Layer 2 can reduce the required alive change of electrod-array institute in the required waveform of load of same time point large space length
Change speed, thus with the formation of very low control velocity interpolation random waveform.
The present invention it is specific the utility model has the advantages that
(1) present invention can produce the random waveform of unlimited range.
(2) random waveform that the present invention generates has high precision, carrier wave wave of the required waveform by each position through absorbing
Shape composition, the length is hundred micron dimensions, corresponding time span is tens femtosecond magnitudes.
(3) space electric signal array and spatial information loading method are combined, and are changed traditional single-point loading method, are made
Bulk information can be loaded in synchronization, reduce the rate of actual loaded control, solve ultrafast signal when single-point load
Source is difficult to the problem of obtaining.
(4) cascaded structure of the invention is easy to make, and can accurately control the combination that each low speed absorbs position waveform.
(5) present invention is insensitive to use environment.
(6) tiny fiber-optics are compatible with existing fiber communication system as basic waveguide, extremely low input, output coupling damage
Consumption；Carrier wave is transmitted in a fiber with basic mode, and transmission loss is extremely low.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention has following attached drawing:
Electric light arbitrary waveform generator structural schematic diagram of the Fig. 1 based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics.
The waveform of required generation in Fig. 2 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 31,41 power up signal in Fig. 3 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 32,42 power up signal in Fig. 4 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 33,43 power up signal in Fig. 5 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 34,44 power up signal in Fig. 6 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 35,45 power up signal in Fig. 7 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 36,46 power up signal in Fig. 8 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 37,47 power up signal in Fig. 9 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 38,48 power up signal in Figure 10 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 39,49 power up signal in Figure 11 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 310,410 power up signal in Figure 12 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 311,411 power up signal in Figure 13 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 312,412 power up signal in Figure 14 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 313,413 power up signal in Figure 15 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 314,414 power up signal in Figure 16 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 315,415 power up signal in Figure 17 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 316,416 power up signal in Figure 18 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 317,417 power up signal in Figure 19 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 318,418 power up signal in Figure 20 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 319,419 power up signal in Figure 21 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 320,420 power up signal in Figure 22 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 321,421 power up signal in Figure 23 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 322,422 power up signal in Figure 24 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 323,423 power up signal in Figure 25 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 324,424 power up signal in Figure 26 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 325,425 power up signal in Figure 27 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 326,426 power up signal in Figure 28 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 327,427 power up signal in Figure 29 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 328,428 power up signal in Figure 30 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 329,429 power up signal in Figure 31 embodiment one.
Positive and negative electrode is to 330,430 power up signal in Figure 32 embodiment one.
The waveform actually generated in Figure 33 embodiment one.
The waveform of required generation in Figure 34 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (31,41), (315,415), (316,416), (330,430) electric signal in Figure 35 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (32,42), (314,414), (317,417), (329,429) electric signal in Figure 36 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (33,43), (313,413), (318,418), (328,428) electric signal in Figure 37 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (34,44), (312,412), (319,419), (327,427) electric signal in Figure 38 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (35,45), (311,411), (320,420), (326,426) electric signal in Figure 39 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (36,46), (310,410), (321,421), (325,425) electric signal in Figure 40 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (37,47), (39,49), (322,422), (324,424) electric signal in Figure 41 embodiment two.
Positive and negative electrode is to (38,48), (316,416) electric signal in Figure 42 embodiment two.
The waveform actually generated in Figure 43 embodiment two.
Specific embodiment
The electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics is further described with reference to the accompanying drawing.
Electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, comprising: tiny fiber-optics 1, graphene grid layer
2, positive electrode array 3, negative electrode array 4 and planar substrates 5；
The graphene grid layer 2 is placed in planar substrates 5, and the tiny fiber-optics 1 are placed in graphene grid layer 2；
The positive electrode array 3 includes multiple positive electrodes, and the negative electrode array 4 includes multiple negative electrodes；
Each positive electrode of the positive electrode array 3 and each negative electrode of negative electrode array 4 are connected to graphene grid layer 2
The both ends of each unit.
On the basis of above scheme, the diameter of the tiny fiber-optics 1 is 1-20 μm.
On the basis of above scheme, the number of plies of the graphene grid layer 2 is less than 10.
On the basis of above scheme, the length of 2 each unit of graphene grid layer is 20-500 μm, adjacent cells spacing
It is 100-3000 μm, unit number 30.
On the basis of above scheme, in micron dimension, the space periodic is the space periodic of the graphene grid layer 2
The spacing of two adjoining graphite alkene bands.
Embodiment one:
The arbitrary waveform generator include tiny fiber-optics 1, graphene grid layer 2, positive electrode array 3 (positive electrode 31,32,33,
34、35、36、37、38、39、310、311、312、313、315、316、317、318、319、320、321、322、323、324、
325,326,327,328,329,330), negative electrode array 4 (negative electrode 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,410,
411、412、413、414、415、416、417、418、419、420、421、422、423、424、425、426、427、428、429、
430), planar substrates 5 (Fig. 1).Combination are as follows: graphene grid layer 2 is placed on planar substrates 5, and tiny fiber-optics 1 are placed in graphite
In alkene grid layer 2.1 diameter of tiny fiber-optics is 8 μm, and 2 element length of graphene grid layer is 300 μm, and adjacent cells spacing is 280 μm,
Unit number 30, entire planar substrates 5 are having a size of 18mm × 1mm.2 number of plies of graphene grid layer used is 1.Carrier wave is from tiny fiber-optics 1
One end is passed through, in the waveform that other end detection generates.Required waveform (such as Fig. 2) is compiled as the space electric signal changed over time
Array is embodied in each positive and negative electrode to power on signal, respectively as shown in Fig. 3 to Figure 32, is applied to each positive and negative electrode to correspondence
Graphene grid layer Unit 2 on, in the waveform (Figure 33) that 1 output end of tiny fiber-optics can be occurred.
Embodiment two:
The arbitrary waveform generator include tiny fiber-optics 1, graphene grid layer 2, positive electrode array 3 (positive electrode 31,32,33,
34、35、36、37、38、39、310、311、312、313、315、316、317、318、319、320、321、322、323、324、
325,326,327,328,329,330), negative electrode array 4 (negative electrode 41,42,43,44,45,46,47,48,49,410,
411、412、413、414、415、416、417、418、419、420、421、422、423、424、425、426、427、428、429、
430), planar substrates 5 (Fig. 1).Combination are as follows: graphene grid layer 2 is placed on planar substrates 5, and tiny fiber-optics 1 are placed in graphite
In alkene grid layer 2.1 diameter of tiny fiber-optics is 5 μm, and 2 element length of graphene grid layer is 120 μm, and adjacent cells spacing is 110 μm,
Unit number 30, entire planar substrates 5 are having a size of 7mm × 1mm.2 number of plies of graphene grid layer used is 4.Carrier wave is from tiny fiber-optics 1 one
End is passed through, in the waveform that other end detection generates.Required waveform (such as Figure 34) is compiled as the space electric signal changed over time
Array, is embodied in each positive and negative electrode to power on signal, positive and negative electrode to (31,41), (315,415), (316,416), (330,
430) electric signal is as shown in figure 35, positive and negative electrode to (32,42), (314,414), (317,417), (329,429) electric signal such as
Shown in Figure 36, positive and negative electrode is as shown in figure 37 to (33,43), (313,413), (318,418), (328,428) electric signal, positive and negative
Electrode is as shown in figure 38 to (34,44), (312,412), (319,419), (327,427) electric signal, positive and negative electrode to (35,
45), (311,411), (320,420), (326,426) electric signal are as shown in figure 39, positive and negative electrode to (36,46), (310,
410), (321,421), (325,425) electric signal are as shown in figure 40, positive and negative electrode to (37,47), (39,49), (322,422),
(324,424) electric signal is as shown in figure 41, and positive and negative electrode is as shown in figure 42 to (38,48), (316,416) electric signal, is applied to
Each positive and negative electrode is on corresponding graphene grid layer Unit 2, in the waveform (Figure 43) that 1 output end of tiny fiber-optics can be occurred.
The content being not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art well known to professional and technical personnel in the field.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of electric light arbitrary waveform generator based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, it is characterised in that: include: tiny fiber-optics
(1), graphene grid layer (2), positive electrode array (3), negative electrode array (4) and planar substrates (5)；
The graphene grid layer (2) is placed on planar substrates (5), and the tiny fiber-optics (1) are placed on graphene grid layer (2)；
The positive electrode array (3) includes multiple positive electrodes, and the negative electrode array (4) includes multiple negative electrodes；
Each positive electrode of the positive electrode array (3) and each negative electrode of negative electrode array (4) are connected to graphene grid layer
(2) both ends of each unit.
2. the electric light arbitrary waveform generator as described in claim 1 based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, it is characterised in that: institute
The diameter for stating tiny fiber-optics (1) is 1-20 μm.
3. the electric light arbitrary waveform generator as described in claim 1 based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, it is characterised in that: institute
The graphene number of plies of graphene grid layer (2) is stated less than 10.
4. the electric light arbitrary waveform generator as described in claim 1 based on graphene grid layer tiny fiber-optics, it is characterised in that: institute
The length for stating graphene grid layer (2) each unit is 20-500 μm, and adjacent cells spacing is 100-3000 μm, unit number 30.
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| CN102591041A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-18 | 电子科技大学 | Integrated type online electro-optic modulator with graphene thin film and D-type optical fiber |
| US8593716B1 (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-11-26 | Montana State University | Methods and apparatus for photonic arbitrary waveform generation over wide-bandwidth and extended time apertures |
| CN103439807A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Low-refractivity waveguide modulator for graphene and preparing method |
| CN102783054B (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2015-02-25 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Optical transmitter |
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| US8693893B2 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2014-04-08 | The Board Of Trustees Of The Leland Stanford Junior University | Picosecond optical switching using RF non-linear transmission lines |
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| CN102783054B (en) * | 2010-02-25 | 2015-02-25 | 三菱电机株式会社 | Optical transmitter |
| US8593716B1 (en) * | 2010-06-04 | 2013-11-26 | Montana State University | Methods and apparatus for photonic arbitrary waveform generation over wide-bandwidth and extended time apertures |
| CN102591041A (en) * | 2012-03-15 | 2012-07-18 | 电子科技大学 | Integrated type online electro-optic modulator with graphene thin film and D-type optical fiber |
| CN103439807A (en) * | 2013-08-28 | 2013-12-11 | 中国科学院半导体研究所 | Low-refractivity waveguide modulator for graphene and preparing method |
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