CN106480341B - A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique - Google Patents
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique Download PDFInfo
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- CN106480341B CN106480341B CN201610837271.1A CN201610837271A CN106480341B CN 106480341 B CN106480341 B CN 106480341B CN 201610837271 A CN201610837271 A CN 201610837271A CN 106480341 B CN106480341 B CN 106480341B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/0408—Light metal alloys
- C22C1/0416—Aluminium-based alloys
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/045—Alloys based on refractory metals
- C22C1/0458—Alloys based on titanium, zirconium or hafnium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/04—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy
- C22C1/047—Making non-ferrous alloys by powder metallurgy comprising intermetallic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C16/00—Alloys based on zirconium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C28/00—Alloys based on a metal not provided for in groups C22C5/00 - C22C27/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/20—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces by extruding
- B22F2003/208—Warm or hot extruding
Abstract
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique of the present invention, belongs to aluminum matrix composite preparing technical field；The technical problem to be solved is that influence itself and melt wetting out problems by solving the composite powder surface film oxide after ball milling, one kind is provided and passes through big plastic deformation shape mode, the composite powder prefabricated section that precompressed is blocking after ball milling is set to pass through strong deformation, composite powder surface film oxide is crushed, improves composite powder and melt wetability and reactivity；Aluminum matrix composite is prepared with paddling process after aluminum melt is added to be more easy to disperse with composite powder reinforcement prefabricated section, strengthens particle and aluminum melt wetability is good, the composite material prepared under conventional smelting temperature has good interface and mechanical property.
Description
Technical field
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique of the present invention, is belonged to
In aluminum matrix composite preparing technical field.
Background technology
Aluminum matrix composite is in automobile production mainly for the manufacture of piston and other auto parts and components.Recent year
Most researchers are substantially all using situ Particles reinforced aluminum matrix composites, and in-situ Al-base composition, which has, to be strengthened
Xiang Duo, design are wide, crystal grain is tiny, good combination property, reinforcement are firmly combined with basal body interface and bond strength is high, cost phase
To relatively low and the advantages such as near-net-shape casting can be carried out.Representational composite material has TiB2And Al2O3Particle reinforced aluminium-based composite wood
Material.In addition two-phase or multiphase particle enhancing alumina-base material have attracted people's attention, and are such as closed using stirring casting and reaction in-situ
Into the method being combined, it is prepared for（TiB2+SiC）/ ZL109 composite materials, compensate for the deficiency that single SiC particulate is strengthened,
The hardness of composite material improves 34.8% than matrix.In-situ reactive synthesis（TiB2+Al3Ti）/ Al6Si4Cu composite materials, its tension
Intensity, hardness improve 20%, 29.6% than AlSi6Cu4 alloy respectively.Al is synthesized using the method for salt-mixture action-reaction3Ti/Al
Composite material, the results showed that, Al3The vibration absorption ability of Ti/Al composite materials is higher than aluminium base, and with reinforcer Al3The body of Ti
Fraction is proportional.The stirring melt in situ reaction particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material technology of preparing of Yang Bin et al. exploitations
（It is published in aeronautical material journal, 1999,19（4））With the aluminium powder and the titanium valve of 50 μm of ＜ and the boron amorphous of 1 μm of ＜ of 75 μm of ＜
Reaction in-situ is prepared in briquetting addition commercial-purity aluminium, the TiB that volume fraction is 3% after the 75 μm of graphite powder mixing of powder or ＜2/ Al and
TiC/Al composite materials；But these technologies when preparing composite material melt temperature need to be heated to 800-1000 DEG C.
Patent：A kind of richness Al intermetallic reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method（CN201310730267.1）,
This method is directly added into aluminium alloy after being directly added into or being converted into intermetallic compound particle by the composite metal powder after ball milling
In melt, it can obtain that interface is good, the aluminum matrix composite of good mechanical performance.Due to metal dust through ball milling rear surface not
Can avoid there are oxide-film, influence the wetability between composite powder and melt, patent：A kind of intermetallic compound particle
The preparation method of Al3-M reinforced aluminum matrix composites（ZL201310730115.1）It is proposed that one kind prepares sub-micro using ball-milling technology
The rich Al intermetallic Al of meter level3M particle enhanced aluminum-based composite material preparation methods, this method are improved in advance using substep
In aluminum melt magnesium density addition intermetallic compound particle method it is extraordinary solve intermetallic compound enhancing particle with
The nonwettable problem of molten metal, the engine housing prepared under conventional smelting temperature have good interface and power with composite material
Learn performance.
The content of the invention
Overcome the deficiencies in the prior art of the present invention, the technical problem to be solved is that solve the composite powder table after ball milling
Surface oxidation film influences itself and melt wetting out problems, there is provided one kind makes the precompressed after ball milling blocking by big plastic deformation shape mode
Composite powder prefabricated section pass through strong deformation, crush composite powder surface film oxide, improve composite powder and melt and soak
Property and reactivity.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：One kind utilizes large plastometric set technique system
The method of standby richness Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section, comprises the following steps：
（1）Aluminium powder or alloy powder and metal M powder are pressed into atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill into argon gas
The lower ball milling of atmosphere protection, 300 ~ 600r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material 20-40:1, Ball-milling Time 10h ~ 50h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling, for pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure is 50 ~ 100MPa on extruder；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats,
Preheating temperature is 300 ~ 400 DEG C, preheating time 0.5h ~ 2h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, makes composite metal powder in a mold
Strong deformation is undergone, obtains rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section.
Step（1）In metal powder M be titanium, zirconium, iron, scandium or erbium in one kind.
Step（4）Used large plastometric set technique is equal channel angular extrusion technique, high-pressure rotary extrusion process, repeatedly
Overlapping compression joint technique, cycle extrusion technique.
Rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section prepared by the method, when reinforcement prefabricated section is aluminium powder and gold
When belonging to the preparation of M powder, the increasing for the composite material that prefabricated section is used as the reinforcement for the composite material that matrix is aluminium base or matrix is alloy
Qiang Ti；When reinforcement prefabricated section is alloy powder and metal M powder is prepared, it is identical with alloy powder that prefabricated section is used as matrix composition
Composite material reinforcement.
The rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section, prefabricated section is added in matrix by stirring casting method to be made
Into aluminum matrix composite.
Step（1）In matrices of composite material alloy powder for the alusil alloy powder identical with aluminum matrix alloy component or
Casting Al-Cu alloy.
The present invention utilizes big plastic deformation shape technique, in order to passes through the composite powder that precompressed is blocking after ball milling
After strong deformation, crush its surface film oxide.Therefore the mode of all big plastic deformation shape technique is suitable for this hair
Bright, the parameter of various different big plastic deformation shape techniques, the present invention is attained by the range of its normal operating parameter and is wanted
The effect reached.Such as equal channel angular extrusion deformation technique, preheating temperature are set as that pressure is set in 300- for 300 ~ 400 DEG C
500MPa, you can to have the function that to make composite powder surface film oxide to crush.
Compared with prior art the invention has the advantages that.
The present invention makes the composite powder prefabricated section that precompressed is blocking after ball milling by strong by big plastic deformation shape mode
Deformation, crushes composite powder surface film oxide, improves composite powder and melt wetability and reactivity.Aluminium is prepared with paddling process
Based composites are more easy to disperse with composite powder reinforcement prefabricated section after aluminum melt is added, and strengthen particle and aluminum melt wetability
Good, the composite material prepared under conventional smelting temperature has good interface and mechanical property.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
Embodiment 1
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique, including it is following
Step：
（1）Aluminium powder and metallic titanium powder are pressed into atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill ball under argon atmospher protection into
Mill, rotational speed of ball-mill 300r/min, ratio of grinding media to material 20:1, Ball-milling Time 50h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling on extruder pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure 50MPa；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats,
Preheating temperature is 400 DEG C, preheating time 0.5h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, and equal channel angular extrusion, makes compound gold
Belong to powder and undergo strong deformation in a mold, obtain rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section.
Embodiment 2
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique, including it is following
Step：
（1）Aluminium powder and metal zirconium powder are pressed into atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill ball under argon atmospher protection into
Mill, rotational speed of ball-mill 600r/min, ratio of grinding media to material 40:1, Ball-milling Time 10h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling on extruder pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure 100MPa；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats,
Preheating temperature is 300 DEG C, preheating time 2h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, and high-pressure rotary extruding, makes compound gold
Belong to powder and undergo strong deformation in a mold, obtain rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section.
Embodiment 3
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique, including it is following
Step：
（1）Alusil alloy powder and metal scandium powder press atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill into and is protected in argon atmospher
Lower ball milling, rotational speed of ball-mill 400r/min, ratio of grinding media to material 30:1, Ball-milling Time 20h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling on extruder pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure 80MPa；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats,
Preheating temperature is 350 DEG C, preheating time 1h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, and equal channel angular extrusion, makes compound gold
Belong to powder and undergo strong deformation in a mold, obtain rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section.
Embodiment 4
A kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique, including it is following
Step：
（1）Casting Al-Cu alloy powder and metal iron powder are pressed into atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill into argon gas
The lower ball milling of atmosphere protection, rotational speed of ball-mill 500r/min, ratio of grinding media to material 35:1, Ball-milling Time 40h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling on extruder pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure 75MPa；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats,
Preheating temperature is 350 DEG C, preheating time 1h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, and high-pressure rotary extruding, makes compound gold
Belong to powder and undergo strong deformation in a mold, obtain rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section.
The present invention can be summarized with others without prejudice to the concrete form of the spirit or essential characteristics of the present invention.Therefore, nothing
By from the point of view of which point, the embodiment above of the invention can only all be considered the description of the invention and cannot limit invention,
Claims indicate the scope of the present invention, and above-mentioned explanation does not point out the scope of the present invention, therefore, with the present invention
The suitable implication and scope of claims in any change, be all considered as being included within the scope of the claims.
Claims (4)
1. a kind of method that rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section is prepared using large plastometric set technique, its feature are existed
In comprising the following steps：
（1）Aluminium powder or alloy powder and metal M powder are pressed into atomic ratio 3:1 prepares composite powder, puts ball mill into and is protected in argon atmospher
The lower ball milling of shield, 300 ~ 600r/min of rotational speed of ball-mill, ratio of grinding media to material 20-40:1, Ball-milling Time 10h ~ 50h；
（2）By the composite powder after ball milling, for pre-extrusion into bulk, squeeze pressure is 50 ~ 100MPa on extruder；
（3）Will be through step（2）The pre-extrusion block of preparation is placed in vacuum drying oven or the electric furnace of argon gas atmosphere protection and preheats, and preheats
Temperature is 300 ~ 400 DEG C, preheating time 0.5h ~ 2h；
（4）By step（3）Pre-extrusion block after preheating uses large plastometric set technique, composite metal powder is undergone in a mold
Strong deformation, obtains rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section；
Step（1）In alloy powder be the alusil alloy powder or casting Al-Cu alloyed powder identical with aluminum matrix alloy component
End, metal powder M are one kind in titanium, zirconium, iron, scandium or erbium.
It is 2. according to claim 1 a kind of prefabricated using the rich Al intermetallic reinforcement of large plastometric set technique preparation
The method of block, it is characterised in that step（4）Used large plastometric set technique is equal channel angular extrusion technique, high-pressure rotary
Extrusion process, repeatedly overlapping compression joint technique, cycle extrusion technique.
3. rich Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section prepared by method according to claim 1 or 2, its feature exist
In when reinforcement prefabricated section is aluminium powder and metal M powder is prepared, prefabricated section is used as reinforcement of the matrix for the composite material of aluminium base
Or matrix is the reinforcement of the composite material of alloy；When reinforcement prefabricated section is alloy powder and metal M powder is prepared, prefabricated section
Reinforcement as the matrix composition composite material identical with alloy powder.
4. richness Al intermetallic reinforcement prefabricated section according to claim 3, it is characterised in that：Prefabricated section is by stirring
Mix casting and be added in matrix and aluminum matrix composite is made.
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| CN109207781A (en) * | 2018-09-17 | 2019-01-15 | 南昌大学 | A kind of pressing method improving 7075 aluminium alloys |
| CN110142404B (en) * | 2019-05-16 | 2022-05-20 | 西南交通大学 | Preparation method of nano copper rod |
| CN111719060B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2021-08-27 | 山东源航超轻材料研究院有限公司 | Surface modification of reinforcement for Mg-Li-based composite material and preparation method of prefabricated body of reinforcement |
| CN111730059B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2023-04-18 | 山东源航超轻材料研究院有限公司 | High-volume-fraction ultrafine particle reinforced Mg-Li-based composite material and preparation method thereof |
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| CN103898343B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2016-05-04 | 中北大学 | A kind of rich Al intermetallic reinforced aluminum matrix composites preparation method |
| CN103695673B (en) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-09-09 | 中北大学 | A kind of intermetallic compound particle Al 3the preparation method of-M reinforced aluminum matrix composites |
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