CN106470335B - Image processing method and image display method based on sub-pix sampling - Google Patents
Image processing method and image display method based on sub-pix sampling Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of image processing method based on sub-pix sampling and using the image display method of the image processing method.Described image processing method is comprising steps of input source images；Interpolation amplification is carried out with image after being amplified to the source images；Anti- color is carried out to image after the amplification and obscures filtering to obtain filtered image；And sub-pix down-sampling is carried out to obtain target image as output to the filtered image.The present invention is improved on the basis of the related anti-color of existing equipment obscures method, to input source images, interpolation amplification is carried out first, then anti-color is carried out again obscures filtering, it can make the shape of filter cutoff frequency more accurate, preferably anti-color aliasing effect is obtained, and can guarantee preferable image definition, effectively promotes picture quality.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to image procossing and field of display technology, in particular to a kind of image procossing based on sub-pix sampling
Method and a kind of image display method based on sub-pix sampling.
Background technique
Since 21 century, the application of various flat panel display equipments is seen everywhere in social life.In display application, if
The maximization of standby display quality is the target that people pursue.Display resolution as measure display the most important factor of quality it
One, become current research hotspot.
Currently, display system mostly using individual physical picture element as sampling, addressing, display basic unit, referred to as
Both full-pixel display system.For the display resolution of lifting means, most straightforward approach is exactly to increase display equipment physical picture element
Density and scale.However, on the one hand, the increase of physical picture element density will cause the increasing of manufacture craft difficulty；On the other hand,
The increase of physical picture element density and scale also leads to the increase of manufacturing cost.These all limit this method application field into
One step expands.
Sub-pix sampling technique is not changing display equipment object using sub-pix as the basic unit of sampling, addressing, display
In the case where managing pixel density, the addressability and display scale of system, the display resolution of lifting means can be effectively improved；
The display system of this basic unit using sub-pix as sampling, addressing, display is referred to as sub-pix display system.Sub-pix
The essence of sampling technique is to generate R, G, B primary colours undersampled image, can introduce the problem of color is obscured.According to human visual system
Characteristic, human eye is low more than the resolving power to black-and-white detail to the resolving power of colour detail, thus sub-pix sampling with human eye compared with
Insensitive color, which is obscured, exchanges significantly improving for brightness resolution for.Under conditions of limited equipment and cost, pass through sub- picture
Plain sampling technique improve spatial display resolution ratio be it is feasible, the key of problem is that how effectively to eliminate or weakens color mixes
Confuse.
Therefore, sub-pix sampling technique is further studied for the sub-pix arrangement of multiplicity, skill is sampled to sub-pix
The color confounding issues that art introduces propose that effective anti-color obscures method, this is under conditions of limited equipment and cost
Realize that the promotion of display resolution has extremely important meaning.
In the prior art, such as application No. is the Chinese invention patent of CN201310314907.0, the one kind proposed is set
Standby related anti-color is obscured method and is designed with Nyquist (Nyquist) the frequency limit region that each primary colours sub-pix is arranged for foundation
The corresponding anti-color alias low pass filter of each primary colours carries out anti-color to input each primary colours of source images respectively and obscures after filtering again
Carrying out two-dimensional sub-pixel sampling can reach the purpose for weakening and even being eliminated that color is obscured in display image.This kind of equipment correlation is anti-
Color obscures the image processing flow based on sub-pix sampling applied by method as shown in Figure 1, and Fig. 2 shows this kind of equipment correlations
Anti- color obscures the filter design flow diagram in method；It is according to each primary colours sub-pix arrangement of target display devices in Fig. 2
The two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours is obtained, then is determined and is applied by the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours
It is added on the anti-color Anti-Aliasing Filter of each primary colours (namely each primary colours low-pass filter) of source images, filters out in source images and exceeds
The high-frequency information of Nyquist frequency limit, to realize that anti-color is obscured.It is right by taking RGB-Delta shown in Fig. 3 arrangement as an example below
Filter design is analyzed:
1) low-pass filter shape: the shape that the cutoff frequency of the low-pass filter (as shown in Figure 5) is surrounded (is referred to as cut
Only frequency shape) not previous circle or rectangle, the Nyquist frequency limit region with the arrangement of primary colours sub-pix
The shape of (as shown in Figure 4) is similar.
2) low pass filter cutoff frequency size: the cutoff frequency size of anti-color alias low pass filter should be equal to or
Close to the size in primary colours Nyquist frequency limit region, it is sub- with respect to primary colours that Fig. 6 show filter cutoff frequency size in frequency domain
The Nyquist frequency limit area size of pixel arrangement is respectively as follows: that cutoff frequency is excessive, cutoff frequency is moderate, cutoff frequency mistake
The schematic diagram of small three kinds of situations, the hexagon in Fig. 6 represent cutoff frequency shape as the related anti-face of above equipment of regular hexagon
Color Anti-Aliasing Filter, rectangle represent common cutoff frequency shape as the filter of rectangle.
As shown in Fig. 6 (a), when filter cutoff frequency is excessive, source images its high-frequency information after low-pass filter
It is inhibited, but still has the high-frequency information beyond Nyquist frequency limit region by filter, color, which is obscured, at this time still deposits
?.
It is former for equipment correlation regular hexagon low-pass filter when filter cutoff frequency is moderate as shown in Fig. 6 (b)
Image its high-frequency information beyond Nyquist frequency limit region after wave filter is inhibited just, has both inhibited each
Color on direction is obscured, and farthest reduces the loss of original image high-frequency information；And for rectangular filter, when complete
When the full color for inhibiting all directions is obscured, source images are excessively filtered out in horizontal and vertical direction high-frequency information, that is, are damaged
The high-frequency information that part is not obscured is lost, it is more serious that this obscures image.
As shown in Fig. 6 (c), when filter cutoff frequency is too small, the height of source images all directions after low-pass filter
Frequency information is excessively filtered out, and two kinds of filtering methods all effectively inhibit the color of all directions to obscure, but makes image fuzzy
Seriously.
3) filter cutoff frequency accuracy of shape: biggish number should be designed under conditions of the computation complexity of permission
Word filter template so that filter cutoff frequency shape is more accurate, and then obtains preferably anti-color aliasing effect.Fig. 7
(a), (b) and (c) is equivalent to two-dimensional analog filter sample using different sample rates as each of digital filter, Fig. 7
Gray scale small cube indicates a sampled value.As can be seen from Figure 7: when template size is 3 × 3, as shown in Fig. 7 (a), number
The cutoff frequency shape of filter differs larger with regular hexagon；When template size is 13 × 13, as shown in Fig. 7 (c), number
The cutoff frequency shape of filter is close to regular hexagon；When template size is 7 × 7, as shown in Fig. 7 (b), digital filter
Cutoff frequency accuracy of shape between accuracy of shape shown in Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (c).It can be seen that number filter
Wave device template is bigger, and cutoff frequency shape is more accurate, then corresponding anti-color aliasing effect is better.But digital filter
Template is bigger, and corresponding computation complexity is also bigger when hardware realization.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the filter specifications digital filter template of the prior art should be in the condition of the computation complexity of permission
Under it is as big as possible so that the cutoff frequency shape of filter is more accurate, and then obtain preferably anti-color aliasing effect；But
It is that cannot be protected well using blurred picture as cost although color mistake can be eliminated effectively if filter template is excessive
The clarity of image.
Summary of the invention
Therefore, for the defects in the prior art and insufficient, the present invention is provided at a kind of image based on sub-pix sampling
Reason method and a kind of image display method based on sub-pix sampling.
Specifically, a kind of image processing method based on sub-pix sampling that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, comprising steps of defeated
Enter source images；Interpolation amplification is carried out with image after being amplified to the source images；Anti- color is carried out to image after the amplification
Filtering is obscured to obtain filtered image；And sub-pix down-sampling is carried out to the filtered image to obtain target image work
For output.
In one embodiment of the invention, the interpolation algorithm that the interpolation amplification uses for linear interpolation, it is non-linear insert
Value or combinations thereof.
In one embodiment of the invention, the linear interpolation is arest neighbors interpolation, bilinear interpolation or cube convolution
Interpolation.
In one embodiment of the invention, it includes: according to each primary colours of target display devices that the anti-color, which obscures filtering,
Sub-pix arranges to obtain the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours, then the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit by each primary colours
Region determines that be applied to each primary colours low-pass filter of image after the amplification exceeds after the amplification to filter out in image
The high-frequency information of Nyquist frequency limit.
In one embodiment of the invention, the size phase of the multiple of the interpolation amplification and each primary colours low-pass filter
It closes, and each primary colours low-pass filter is bigger, the multiple of interpolation amplification is also bigger.
In one embodiment of the invention, carrying out sub-pix down-sampling to the filtered image is with non-by image slices
Vegetarian refreshments mode to the filtered image carry out sub-pix down-sampling, wherein it is described it is non-by image pixel point mode be only to described
Parts of images pixel in filtered image carries out sub-pix down-sampling and abandons other image slices vegetarian refreshments.
In addition, a kind of image display method based on sub-pix sampling that the embodiment of the present invention proposes, comprising steps of input
Source images；Interpolation amplification is carried out with image after being amplified to the source images；It is mixed that anti-color is carried out to image after the amplification
Filtering confuse to obtain filtered image；It is distributed according to the two-dimensional spatial location of multiple primary colours sub-pixes of LED display to described
Filtered image carries out sub-pix down-sampling to obtain target image；And the target image is exported to the LED and is shown
Screen is shown.
In one embodiment of the invention, it includes: root that the anti-color in above-mentioned image display method, which obscures filtering,
It arranges to obtain the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours according to each primary colours sub-pix of target display devices, then by each primary colours
Two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region determine that each primary colours low-pass filter for being applied to image after the amplification is described to filter out
Exceed the high-frequency information of Nyquist frequency limit after amplification in image.
In one embodiment of the invention, the multiple of the interpolation amplification in above-mentioned image display method and each primary colours
The size of low-pass filter is related, and each primary colours low-pass filter is bigger, and the multiple of interpolation amplification is also bigger.
In one embodiment of the invention, the filtered image is carried out under sub-pix in above-mentioned image display method
It is sampled as carrying out sub-pix down-sampling to the filtered image by image pixel point mode with non-, wherein described non-by image slices
Vegetarian refreshments mode is only to carry out sub-pix down-sampling to the parts of images pixel in the filtered image and abandon other images
Pixel.
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention is improved on the basis of the related anti-color of existing equipment obscures method, it is right
Source images are inputted, first progress interpolation amplification, then carries out anti-color again and obscure filtering, filter cutoff frequency can be made
Shape is more accurate, obtains preferably anti-color aliasing effect, and can guarantee preferable image definition, effectively promotes image
Quality.
Through the following detailed description with reference to the accompanying drawings, other aspects of the invention and feature become obvious.But it should know
Road, which is only the purpose design explained, not as the restriction of the scope of the present invention, this is because it should refer to
Appended claims.It should also be noted that unless otherwise noted, it is not necessary to which scale attached drawing, they only try hard to concept
Ground illustrates structure and process described herein.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is that the related anti-color of existing equipment obscures the image processing flow sampled applied by method based on sub-pix.
Fig. 2 is that the related anti-color of existing equipment obscures the filter design flow diagram in method.
Fig. 3 is a kind of RGB-Delta arrangement schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is a kind of Nyquist frequency limit area schematic.
Fig. 5 is a kind of stereoscopic schematic diagram of low-pass filter.
Fig. 6 is that low pass filter cutoff frequency size analyzes schematic diagram in frequency domain.
Fig. 7 is the precision schematic diagram of digital filter cutoff frequency shape under different size template.
Fig. 8 is a kind of image processing flow based on sub-pix sampling of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 9 is a kind of schematic illustration of bilinear interpolation.
Figure 10 is a kind of interpolation amplification schematic illustration of the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the foregoing objectives, features and advantages of the present invention clearer and more comprehensible, with reference to the accompanying drawing to the present invention
Specific embodiment be described in detail.
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the embodiment of the present invention is to obscure method in the related anti-color of existing equipment
On the basis of improve, i.e., carry out anti-color in each color component such as the R, G, B component to input source images and obscure filtering
Interpolation amplification first is carried out to source images before, anti-color then is carried out to the image after interpolation amplification and obscures filtering, it is right again later
Filtered image carries out sub-pix down-sampling to obtain target image as output, and flow chart is as shown in Figure 8.
In the present embodiment, the process of filtering is exactly the peripheral region of filter template size to be taken, with filter centered on certain point
The process of wave device progress convolution；Image interpolation amplification is the regenerative process of an image data, utilizes the gray scale of known sampled point
Value estimates the gray value of unknown sampled point, in given spatial dimension, connects originally out from limited discrete sampling data recovery
Continuous picture signal.The interpolation algorithm that the present embodiment uses is, for example, closest interpolation, bilinear interpolation, cube sum
The principle of (also referred to as cubic convolution interpolation) etc., these linear interpolation algorithms is essentially identical, and the main distinction is pixel point sequence
Difference is followed the example of, by analyzing the known pixels point around point to be inserted, and using their weighted average as point to be inserted
Pixel value.In addition, in order to obtain better image treatment effect, it can also be in image interpolation with some non-linear
Method handles image, such as Gauss theory, wavelet method, partial differential theory etc. are introduced image interpolation field, can
Obtain good effect.In addition, can be handled with subregion source images to protect image edge information, a sub-picture
It is combined using a variety of processing means, such as first passes through threshold value and source images are handled, the marginal portion of source images is divided
Processing, then with the adaptive interpolation method (a kind of non-linear interpolation algorithm) based on covariance to the marginal portion of source images
Interpolation processing is carried out, smooth (namely non-edge part) is handled with bilinear interpolation, after obtaining interpolation amplification
Image, interpolation can be promoted well.
To facilitate a better understanding of the embodiment of the present invention, interpolation amplification is introduced by taking bilinear interpolation algorithm as an example below
Principle:
Bilinear interpolation algorithm chooses four known points first around the point to be inserted of selection, carries out horizontal (or vertical) side
Upward interpolation, then interpolation obtains required pixel value on vertical (or horizontal) direction；This interpolation method is in each side
What is carried out upwards is an exponent arithmetic(al), to not requiring successively for some direction, has no effect on result.It is two-wire represented by Fig. 9
The realization process of property interpolation.
Specifically, as shown in figure 9, point Q11(i, j) is to be located at the upper left pixel of source images, f (Q11) it is that its is corresponding
Grey scale pixel value；Point Q12(i+1, j) is the pixel positioned at source images upper right side, f (Q12) it is its corresponding grey scale pixel value；
Point Q13(i, j+1) is the pixel positioned at source images lower left, f (Q13) it is its corresponding grey scale pixel value；Point Q14(i+1,j+
It 1) is the pixel for being located at source images lower right, f (Q14) it is its corresponding grey scale pixel value；What P point indicated is point to be inserted.
1) grey scale pixel value of a point and b point is obtained by carrying out linear interpolation in the horizontal direction, calculation formula are as follows:
F (a)=dx [f (Q12)-f(Q11)]+f(Q11)
F (b)=dx [f (Q14)-f(Q13)]+f(Q13)
2) grey scale pixel value of point P to be inserted can interpolation obtains in vertical direction by the grey scale pixel value of a point and b,
Calculation formula are as follows:
F (P)=dy [f (b)-f (a)]+f (a).
As shown in Figure 10,10 (a) be 3 × 3 sizes source images, 10 (b) for Figure 10 (a) carry out interpolation amplification after obtain
7 × 7 sizes interpolation amplification after image, wherein dotted line lower block be insertion point；The filtering of 3 × 3 sizes can be used later
Device template is filtered.Herein it should be noted that the size of the source images in Figure 10 is only to illustrate, source images in practical application
Pixel resolution would generally be much larger than 3 × 3；Furthermore filter template size is also not necessarily limited to 3 × 3, and specific size can basis
Actual conditions determine.
After image interpolation amplification, the gray value of each image slices vegetarian refreshments and image slices vegetarian refreshments increased around it is more connect
Closely, smaller compared to the value loss before interpolation amplification so participating in the value after filtering operation, and the value with image slices vegetarian refreshments around
Correlation is more preferable, so as to reduce the fog-level of image.
In addition, it is noted that input source images carry out interpolation amplification multiple it is related to filter template size,
Filter template size is bigger, and the multiple of interpolation amplification also should be bigger, and effect just can be obvious.
In addition, it's also worth mentioning that the embodiment of the present invention to input source images carry out interpolation amplification after, be equivalent to obtain
Image after one increased amplification of image resolution ratio；It therefore is to ensure to carry out sub-pix down-sampling to the image after interpolation amplification
The pixel resolution size of obtained target image and to do not carry out in the prior art interpolation amplification image carry out sub-pix
The pixel resolution size of the obtained image of down-sampling is identical, then current embodiment require that interpolation amplification and filtered image
Sub-pix down-sampling is carried out by image pixel point mode with non-.Herein, it is described it is non-by image pixel point mode be only to filtering after
Parts of images pixel in image carries out sub-pix down-sampling and abandons other image slices vegetarian refreshments.In addition, if carried out
Sub-pix down-sampling is to be distributed and carried out according to the two-dimensional spatial location of multiple primary colours sub-pixes of some LED display, then
Obtained target image can send to the LED display and be shown, to realize that image is shown.Herein, multiple primary colours sub-pixes
Two-dimensional spatial location distribution such as RGB three primary colours pixel two-dimensional spatial location distribution can be RGB-delta arrangement (RGB
Triangular pitch), RGB-mosaic arrangement (arrangement of RGB mosaic), RGBR-mosaic arrangement or RGGB-mosaic arrange etc..
From the foregoing, it will be observed that the embodiment of the present invention is improved on the basis of the related anti-color of existing equipment obscures method, it is right
Source images are inputted, first progress interpolation amplification, then carries out anti-color again and obscure filtering, filter cutoff frequency can be made
Shape is more accurate, obtains preferably anti-color aliasing effect, and can guarantee preferable image definition, effectively promotes image
Quality.
So far, specific case used herein is to the image processing method and image of the invention based on sub-pix sampling
The principle and embodiment of display methods is expounded, the above embodiments are only used to help understand side of the invention
Method and its core concept；At the same time, for those skilled in the art, according to the thought of the present invention, in specific embodiment
And there will be changes in application range, in conclusion the contents of this specification are not to be construed as limiting the invention, this hair
Bright protection scope should be subject to the attached claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of image processing method based on sub-pix sampling, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Input source images；
The source images are divided into marginal portion and non-edge part according to threshold value；
With the adaptive interpolation method based on covariance to the marginal portions of the source images carry out interpolation amplification and
Image after being amplified with bilinear interpolation method to the non-edge part progress interpolation amplification of the source images；
Anti- color is carried out to image after the amplification and obscures filtering to obtain filtered image；And
Sub-pix down-sampling is carried out to obtain target image as defeated by image pixel point mode with non-to the filtered image
Out, with ensure the target image pixel resolution size and to the source images without the interpolation amplification with regard to carry out described in
Anti- color obscures the pixel resolution size phase that the image that filtering obtains carries out the obtained image of sub-pix down-sampling again
Together, wherein it is described it is non-by image pixel point mode be that sub- picture only is carried out to the parts of images pixel in the filtered image
Plain down-sampling and abandon other image slices vegetarian refreshments；
Wherein, it includes: to arrange to obtain each primary colours according to each primary colours sub-pix of target display devices that the anti-color, which obscures filtering,
Two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region, then determined by the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours and be applied to the amplification
Each primary colours low-pass filter of image is afterwards to filter out the high-frequency information for exceeding Nyquist frequency limit after the amplification in image；
The multiple of the interpolation amplification is related to the size of each primary colours low-pass filter, and each primary colours low-pass filter is bigger, institute
The multiple for stating interpolation amplification is also bigger.
2. a kind of image display method based on sub-pix sampling, which is characterized in that comprising steps of
Input source images；
The source images are divided into marginal portion and non-edge part according to threshold value；
With the adaptive interpolation method based on covariance to the marginal portions of the source images carry out interpolation amplification and
Image after being amplified with bilinear interpolation method to the non-edge part progress interpolation amplification of the source images；
Anti- color is carried out to image after the amplification and obscures filtering to obtain filtered image；
It is distributed to the filtered image with non-according to the two-dimensional spatial location of multiple primary colours sub-pixes of LED display by image
Pixel point mode carry out sub-pix down-sampling to obtain target image, with ensure the target image pixel resolution size and
The source images just carried out without the interpolation amplification with the anti-color obscure the image that filtering obtains to carry out the sub- picture again
The pixel resolution size of the plain obtained image of down-sampling is identical, wherein it is described it is non-by image pixel point mode for only to institute
The parts of images pixel in filtered image is stated to carry out sub-pix down-sampling and abandon other image slices vegetarian refreshments；And
The target image is exported to the LED display and is shown；
Wherein, it includes: to arrange to obtain each primary colours according to each primary colours sub-pix of the LED display that the anti-color, which obscures filtering,
Two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region, then determined by the two-dimentional Nyquist frequency limit region of each primary colours and be applied to the amplification
Each primary colours low-pass filter of image is afterwards to filter out the high-frequency information for exceeding Nyquist frequency limit after the amplification in image；
The multiple of the interpolation amplification is related to the size of each primary colours low-pass filter, and each primary colours low-pass filter is bigger, inserts
The multiple for being worth amplification is also bigger.
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