CN106460517A - Centrifugal radial turbine - Google Patents
Centrifugal radial turbine Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106460517A CN106460517A CN201580020886.9A CN201580020886A CN106460517A CN 106460517 A CN106460517 A CN 106460517A CN 201580020886 A CN201580020886 A CN 201580020886A CN 106460517 A CN106460517 A CN 106460517A
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- support plate
- turbine
- radial
- face
- rotor
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/06—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/02—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines
- F01D1/12—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines with repeated action on same blade ring
- F01D1/14—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines with stationary working-fluid guiding means and bladed or like rotor, e.g. multi-bladed impulse steam turbines with repeated action on same blade ring traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D1/00—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
- F01D1/24—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by counter-rotating rotors subjected to same working fluid stream without intermediate stator blades or the like
- F01D1/28—Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by counter-rotating rotors subjected to same working fluid stream without intermediate stator blades or the like traversed by the working-fluid substantially radially
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K7/00—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating
- F01K7/16—Steam engine plants characterised by the use of specific types of engine; Plants or engines characterised by their use of special steam systems, cycles or processes; Control means specially adapted for such systems, cycles or processes; Use of withdrawn or exhaust steam for feed-water heating the engines being only of turbine type
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is related to a centrifugal radial turbine comprising at least one support disc (3, 4) having a first face (9, 15) bearing at least one radial rotor stage (10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19) formed by an array of blades (14, 20) arranged in succession along a respective circular path. The disc (3, 4) has through induction channels (25, 28) situated in a position radially external with respect to a respective shaft (5, 7) and radially internal with respect to the radial rotor stage (10, 11, 12, 13, 16, 17, 18, 19). At the respective through induction channels (25, 28), the disc (3, 4) comprises a plurality of induction rotor blades (26, 29) of at least one respective axial rotor stage (27, 30).
Description
Technical field
Subject of the present invention is a kind of centrifugation radial turbine for producing electric energy and/or mechanical energy.The invention belongs to
The field of those processes following, described process provides a mean for one or more turbines to obtain of working fluid or many
The individual expansion stage, described turbine is suitable to by the expansion of the fluid in (one or more) turbine come the energy of switching flow.Excellent
Choosing but not exclusively, the present invention relates to the centrifugation radial-flow type expansion turbine of reverse rotation type.Preferably but not exclusively, the present invention relates to
And expansion turbine used in the device to produce energy by steam rankine cycle or organic rankine cycle (ORC).In ORC
In device, the working fluid of organic forms replaces conventional water/vapour system to use.
Background technology
Centrifugation radial turbine for steam or the expansion of organic fluid is known.
For example, open source literature WO 2013/108099 elaborates a kind of whirlpool for expanding organic fluid in rankine cycle
Wheel, it is provided with the array of the rotor blade radially interlocking and stator vane.In turbine, the supply of steam is in front side
Obtain upwards.In the Part I of the turbine under being defined in high pressure, substantially radially the first of direction offer working fluid is swollen
Swollen.Second expansion of working fluid, in the Part II under being defined in low pressure, is provided generally in the axial direction.Stator vane by
The shell of turbine supports.
The centrifugation radial turbine reversely rotating is also known for a long time, and it is used for the expansion of water vapour.
For example, open source literature GB 311,586 elaborate a kind of steamturbine, and it includes the reverse of two carrying blade rings
The disk of rotation.Neighbouring radially more inner blade ring there are path, and described path traverses from obtaining turbine holding shell
The disk that vaporium starts.Steam feeding tube road is connected to described room.
Also known is the centrifugation radial turbine reversely rotating, wherein, the importing of the steam between described disk
By occurring in the conduit with acquisition in the rotating shaft of described disk one.
Content of the invention
In this context, applicants have observed that, be centrifuged radial turbine energy known to those as described above
Enough improved in all fields, especially to increase its efficiency and to be improved in the way of improving its structural strength simultaneously.
The applicant is initially observed, and such as in above-mentioned document GB 311, the importing path obtaining in the disk described in 586 is first
Cause the structural weakening of described disk itself.Really, the size of this path must be designed so that permission can be processed by turbine
Maximum fluid flow velocity to maximize its efficiency.But, in order to limit the load loss by described path, described path
Traverse velocity not can exceed that particular value (about 10 meter per second), therefore, necessary and it is well known that, to obtain and there is certain area
Passage, also to obtain desired flow rate even with low traverse velocity.
The applicant is additionally observed that, limits traverse velocity even if described above, and such path is revolved together with corresponding disk
The fact that turn still causes sizable load loss, and described load loss has adverse effect on to the efficiency of whole turbine.
The applicant is additionally observed that, has the centrifugation radial turbine of (non-return rotation) stator and rotor blade (such as
Turbine described in document WO 2013/108099, especially in the construction of Fig. 1 and Fig. 2) there is considerable and work
The relevant problem of insertion of fluid, because the limited space in the machine side with support shaft；Additionally, in such region
In, too high temperature is (the cooling problem) not allowed, to avoid damaging the essence being often equipped with described machine and described region
Close element (such as mechanical sealing member and bearing).
In this context, the applicant sets following target：A kind of centrifugation radial turbine is proposed, it is preferably but not
Exclusively reversely rotate, the described radial turbine that is centrifuged is with respect to the reverse rotation of prior art and other centrifugation radial turbines
There is the efficiency of improvement.
More generally, the applicant sets at least one following target/improvements over the prior art：
■ (just improves between stator and rotor blade between (in the case of single-deck centrifugation radial turbine) or rotor disk
Reversely rotate centrifugation radial turbine for) the importing of working fluid during efficiency；
■ improves the structural strength of one or more of disks；
■ simplifies the importing of working fluid (making it have high flow rate), the such as expansion of the organic fluid in ORC circulation
Situation such；
■ makes it possible to (especially to reversely rotate using turbine using any working fluid (such as organic fluid or water)
Turbine).
Applicants have discovered that, described target (at least one target listed above) and other targets can be by as lower sections
Formula is realized：Utilize lead-in stage simultaneously, come with the axial stage obtaining at path that imports that will pass through in one or more of disks
Rotate one or more of disks, or (in other words), described path was configured to leaf grating.
Especially, described target (at least one target listed above) and other targets are generally by claims
The centrifugation radial turbine described in one or more realizing.
Various aspects of the invention are set forth below.
According on one side, the present invention relates to a kind of be centrifuged radial turbine, including：
Fixing holding shell；
At least one support plate, at least one support plate described has the first face, and described first face carries at least one footpath
To stage, described radial rotor level is formed by the array of the blade along corresponding circular path arranged in succession；
At least one and corresponding support plate all-in-one-piece rotating shaft；
At least one radial rotor level wherein said is located at in the allowance for expansion of working fluid；
At least one support plate wherein said has insertion introduction channel, and described insertion introduction channel is corresponding with respect to described
Rotating shaft be located at radially external position, and with respect at least one radial rotor level described be located at radial inner position；
At least one support plate wherein said can be in the presence of the working fluid being entered by described insertion introduction channel
Rotate freely together with corresponding rotating shaft around rotation axiss；
It is characterized in that, run through at introduction channel accordingly, it is corresponding that at least one support plate described includes at least one
Axial rotor level multiple importing rotor blades.
According on one side, the present invention relates to a kind of be centrifuged radial turbine, including：
Fixing holding shell；
Support plate, described support plate has the first face, and described first face carries at least one radial rotor level, described radial direction
Stage is formed by the array of the blade along corresponding circular path arranged in succession；
With corresponding disk all-in-one-piece rotating shaft；
At least one radial stator level, at least one radial stator level described is fixed with respect to holding shell and by along accordingly
The array of the blade of circular path arranged in succession formed, and at least one radial stator level described is with respect to described at least one
Individual radial rotor level is in radially outer and/or radial inner position,
Wherein allowance for expansion is defined between support plate and holding shell；
At least one support plate wherein said has and runs through introduction channel, and the described introduction channel that runs through turns with respect to corresponding
Axle position is located at radial inner position in radially external position and with respect at least one radial rotor level described；
At least one support plate wherein said can be in the presence of the working fluid being entered by described insertion introduction channel
Rotate freely together with corresponding rotating shaft around rotation axiss；
It is characterized in that, run through at introduction channel accordingly, it is corresponding that at least one support plate described includes at least one
Axial rotor level multiple importing rotor blades.
According to one side, the present invention relates to a kind of centrifugation radial turbine of reverse rotation, including：
First support plate, described first support plate has the first face, and the first face carries at least one radial rotor level, described
At least one radial rotor level is formed by along corresponding circular path and with the array of the blade of first orientation arranged in succession；
With the first support plate all-in-one-piece first rotating shaft；
Second support plate, described second support plate includes the first face, and the first face carries at least one radial rotor level, described
At least one radial rotor level is by along corresponding circular path and with the second orientation contrary with described first orientation cloth in succession
The array of the blade put is formed；
With second support plate all-in-one-piece the second rotating shaft；
Wherein first support plate in the face of the second support plate to define allowance for expansion, and the blade of the first support plate with
The blade radial of the second support plate interlocks；
Each of wherein said disk disk has and runs through introduction channel, and the described introduction channel that runs through turns with respect to corresponding
Axle position is located at radial inner position in radially external position and with respect to the array of the blade of radial rotor level；
Wherein first and second support plates in the presence of the working fluid being entered by introduction channel with corresponding rotating shaft
Rotate freely around common rotating shaft line together and rotate in a reverse direction；
It is characterized in that, run through at introduction channel accordingly, it is corresponding that each of described disk includes at least one
Multiple importing rotor blades of axial rotor level.
Introduction channel on first face and second face contrary with described first face of described (each) disk all open wide and
Preferably axially extend.
Each rotor blade is respectively provided with generally radially extending leading edge (and trailing edge).The second of corresponding disk faced by leading edge
Face.First face to corresponding disk for the rear surface.
Working fluid enters allowance for expansion and (is included between described disk and described holding shell or if reversely rotates
Words are between first and second support plate) realized by the introduction channel of the inner radial positioned at described (each) disk.Fluid from
Rotation axiss outward expansion leaves, and the radial periphery part in above-mentioned (each) disk is gone out.
In one aspect, introduction channel is defined by described importing rotor blade at least in part.
In one aspect, the introduction channel adjoining is separated by one of described importing rotor blade.
In one aspect, introduction channel and importing rotor blade connect along at least one circular path coaxial with rotation axiss
Even arrange.
In a preferred embodiment, axial rotor level includes multiple rotor blades, and the plurality of rotor blade is in annular
Arrange one by one in path, annular channels (it extends along described circular path) obtain and and rotary shaft in the disc
Line is coaxial, and described annular channels are divided into multiple above-mentioned introduction channels by described rotor blade.
The applicant has verified that, makes it possible to introduce steam by axial expansion level according to the solution of the present invention,
Described axial expansion level makes it possible to than prior art more efficient way and using more limited leading on described (each) disk
Road is implementing this process.
In one aspect, import rotor blade overall acquisition in corresponding support plate.Which ensure that described (each) disk tool
There are bigger hardness and structural strength.
In one aspect, described (each) disk and associated rotor blade pass through three-dimensional sintering technology (for from metal and/or pottery
The method generating object in porcelain powder) obtain.This makes it possible to obtain (each) disk with finite size and rotor blade, described
(each) disk and rotor blade are suitable to low-power applications (being for example included in the power between about 5kW and about 50kW), for example, be applied to
Automotive field.
In one aspect, the radial height that each imports rotor blade is in about with the ratio of the diameter of (each) support plate
Between 0.007 and about 0.05.
Radial height refers to the extension along the radial direction importing rotor blade.The diameter of described disk refers to exclude
The maximum gauge of the described disk outside the possible back blades of secondary axial stage of periphery arrangement of described disk.
Rotor blade and caused path are less for the size of described (each) disk, therefore, one or many
Individual disk is firmer compared with the disk of prior art.
In one aspect, about 35m/s and about 100m/s is in axially through speed by the working fluid of introduction channel
Between, it is preferably between about 40m/s and about 45m/s.Due to the presence of rotor blade, the speed passing through introduction channel makes
Necessary flow velocity obtains in the case that the area of passage is with respect to prior art reduction.
In one aspect, described turbine includes multiple importing stator vanes of corresponding axial stator level, the plurality of leads
Enter stator vane and support plate or each of each support plate importing rotor blade side by side, and is arranged in respective support
The side in second face contrary with described first face of disk.Axial stator level is limited together with corresponding axial rotor level axially to be led
Enter level.
In one aspect, described turbine includes fixed part, and described fixed part is provided with multiple fixing importing openings, the plurality of
The fixing importing rotor blade importing opening and one of support plate or each support plate side by side, and be located at respective support disk with
The side in the second contrary face of the first face.
The fixing opening that imports is with entry conductor and (being possible to) and be arranged in the fixed part contrary with corresponding disk one
The importing room of side is in fluid communication.
In one aspect, import stator vane and define fixing importing opening.
In one aspect, import stator vane and be contained in fixing importing in opening.
In one aspect, fixing each of the opening that imports accommodates at least one importing stator vane.
In one embodiment, axial stator level includes multiple stator vanes, and the plurality of stator vane one connects another
It is arranged in annular channels, annular channels obtain and coaxial with the rotation axiss of described disk or each disk in fixed part, described individually
Described annular channels are divided into multiple above-mentioned fixing importing openings by stator vane.
In one embodiment, the fixing opening that imports is through hole or groove, and described through hole or groove obtain in fixed part, described
Each of hole or groove accommodate one or more importing stator vanes.
In one aspect, axial rotor level is acting type axial rotor level.The stream of the therefore upstream and downstream of rotor blade
The static pressure of body is identical.
In one aspect, axial rotor level is reactive axial rotor level.
In one aspect, one or more of support plates have compensation port, and described compensation port is led with respect to insertion
Enter passage to obtain in radial inner position, to balance the axial thrust on each disk.
In one aspect, described turbine includes doughnut, described doughnut be concentric and in the face of described support plate or
Second face of each support plate.
In one aspect, the fixing holding shell accommodating one or more of support plates includes annular wall, described annular wall
Coaxial with rotation axiss and define described (each) doughnut.A part for doughnut is defined by support plate, a part is by described ring
Shape wall defines and a part is by integral to described holding shell (or any shell fixing with respect to holding shell) and in the face of corresponding
Other of support plate define wall and define.
In one aspect, each support plate includes annular attachment, and described annular attachment projects from corresponding second face, with rotation
Shaft axis are coaxial, and sealingly engage with annular wall to define described (each) doughnut.
In one aspect, described turbine includes multiple sliding mats, and each sliding mats is between one end of annular wall and phase
Between the annular attachment answered.
In one aspect, described sliding mats are contained in the end of annular wall and slide against described annular attachment.
In a different aspect, described sliding mats can be installed on annular attachment and slide against the end of annular wall
Dynamic.
In one aspect, described turbine includes at least one secondary axial stage, and at least one secondary axial stage described is with respect to institute
State support plate or be located in the position of radially outer with respect to one of described support plate.At least one secondary axial stage described with respect to
The flow direction of working fluid is located at the downstream of radial rotor level.
In one aspect, at least one secondary axial stage described includes multiple pair rotor blades, the plurality of pair rotor blade
It is located at or is directly installed on the periphery of each support plate.
In one aspect, at least one secondary axial stage described includes multiple pair stator vanes, the plurality of pair stator vane
It is fixed on support component, described support component is located in the position of radially outer with respect to support plate.
In one aspect, described support component is a part for the radially outer part of holding shell.
In one aspect, each support plate is respectively provided with secondary annular attachment, and described pair annular attachment is dashed forward from corresponding first face
Go out coaxial with rotation axiss and be located in the position of radially outer with respect to radial direction level.
In one aspect, described annular attachment and the radially inner ring of the radial inner end carrying secondary stator vane hermetically connect
Close.
In one aspect, described turbine includes sliding mats, and described sliding mats are between radially inner ring and corresponding annular
Between adnexa.
In one aspect, described turbine includes nose, and described nose is integral with holding shell and is located in entry conductor.
In one aspect, described nose is located at the side in second face contrary with the first face of described support plate.
In one aspect, described nose is the part being provided with fixing importing opening of fixed part.
In one aspect, the fixing opening that imports imports, with (preferably), the week that stator vane is circumferentially located at described nose
Enclose.
In one aspect, described turbine is the part of the device of the cogeneration of heat and power for energy of rankine cycle type, described
Rankine cycle is closed-loop path (even if so that working fluid remains in loop in maintenance) and using having macromolecule
The organic fluid of amount.
In a different aspect, described turbine can be used in open circulation or closed cycle Steam Power Equipment.
Other feature and advantage are detailed by the preferred but non-exclusive embodiment from the centrifugation radial turbine to the present invention
Become more fully apparent in thin description.
Brief description
To illustrate this specific embodiment, accompanying drawing below with regard to the complete accompanying drawing being only used as non-limitative example offer
In：
■ Fig. 1 is the semi-cutaway of the axial plane along centrifugation radial turbine according to a first embodiment of the present invention；
■ Fig. 2 is the semi-cutaway of the axial plane of the centrifugation radial turbine along different embodiment according to the subject invention；
■ Fig. 3 is the front view belonging to the support plate of turbine shown in Fig. 1 or 2；
■ Fig. 4 is the front view of a part for turbine of Fig. 1；With
■ Fig. 5 illustrates the detail view of turbine shown in Fig. 1 or 2.
Specific embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, reference 1 is indicated generally by the centrifugation radial-flow type expansion turbine of the reverse rotation according to the present invention.
The centrifugation radial turbine 1 of shown reverse rotation can be in such as organic rankine cycle (ORC) type or steam Rankine
Use in the device for producing mechanical energy and/or electric energy of circular type.Preferably but not exclusively, shown reverse rotation from
Heart radial turbine 1 uses in low power applications (for example, for producing the power being included between about 5kW and about 50kW).
Turbine 1 includes fixing holding shell 2, and described fixing holding shell accommodates the first support plate 3 and the second support in its inner shell
Disk 4.Support plate 3,4 can rotate freely in supporting shell 2 independently of one another around common rotating shaft line " X-X ".For this reason, first
Support plate 3 is integral with corresponding first rotating shaft 5, and described first rotating shaft is contained in holding shell 2 by clutch shaft bearing 6.Second support
Disk 4 is integral with corresponding second rotating shaft 7, and described second rotating shaft is contained in holding shell 2 by corresponding second bearing 8.
First support plate 3 has the first face 9, and described first face 9 carries multiple radial rotor levels 10,11,12,13, described
Radial rotor level 10,11,12,13 succeedingly radial arrangement one by one.In described radial rotor level 10,11,12,13
Each includes multiple blades 14, and the plurality of blade 14 is arranged in an array along the circular path concentric with rotation axiss " X-X ".
In other words, the circular array of 10,11,12,13 blade not at the same level forms concentric ring.
Second support plate 4 has corresponding first face 15, described first face 15 carry multiple radial rotor level 16,17,18,
19, described radial rotor level 16,17,18,19 succeedingly radial arrangement one by one.Described radial rotor level 16,17,
18th, each of 19 inclusion multiple blades 20, the plurality of blade 20 along the circular path concentric with rotation axiss " X-X " with
Array is arranged.In other words, the circular array of 16,17,18,19 blade not at the same level forms concentric ring.
First face 9 of the first support plate 3 is located at the opposite in the first face 15 of the second support plate 4, and the first support plate 3
Blade 14 is radially staggered with the blade 20 of the second support plate 4.In other words, the radial rotor level 10,11,12,13 of the first support plate 3
Radially interlock with respect to the radial rotor level 16,17,18,19 of the second support plate 4.The blade 14 of the first support plate 3 is eventually
Terminate near the first face 15 of the second support plate 4, the blade 20 of the second support plate 4 then terminates at the first face 9 of the first support plate 3
Near.
Each of the above-mentioned blade 14,20 of radial rotor level 10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19 blade inlet edge and
Trailing edge is substantially parallel to described rotation axiss " X-X " and extends, and enables them to the mobilization in centrifugation radial-flow type working fluid
Lower work, that is, mainly from rotation axiss " X-X " side positioning outwardly.
First support plate 3 has second face 21 contrary with the first face 9, and described second face 21 carries two annular attachment
(or projection) 22.As seen in Figure 3, annular attachment 22 forms the concentric ring coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X ".
Similarly, the second support plate 4 has second face 23 contrary with the first face 15, and described second face 23 carries two rings
Shape adnexa (or projection) 24.Similar to the first support plate 3, the annular attachment 24 of the second support plate 4 is formed and rotation axiss " X-X "
Coaxial concentric ring.
First and second rotating shafts 5,6 are aligned along common rotating shaft line " X-X " and each is in opposite direction from corresponding
Second face 21,23 of support plate 3,4 extends.
With respect to radial rotor level 10,11,12,13 inner radial and outside with respect to rotating shaft 5 footpath of the first support plate 3
In the region in portion, the first support plate 3 has insertion introduction channel 25, and described insertion introduction channel 25 is horizontal generally in an axial
Pass through the thickness of the first support plate 3 and all unlimited on both the first face 9 and the second face 15.
As seen in Figure 3, described insertion introduction channel 25 is along the circular path cloth coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X "
Put, and diametrically partly and by the multiple importing rotor blades 26 forming axial rotor level 27 defining by the first support plate 3.
In other words, axial rotor level 27 is limited by circular open, and described circular open extends along above-mentioned circular path, imports rotor leaf
Piece 26 is placed in described circular open, the described diametrically part importing rotor blade 26 connection the first support plate 3.
Neutralize with respect to the second support plate 4 in the region of the inner radial with respect to radial rotor level 16,17,18,19
In the region of the radially outer of rotating shaft 7, the second support plate 4 has insertion introduction channel 28, and described insertion introduction channel 28 is substantially
On axially pass through the second support plate 4 thickness and on both the first face 15 and the second face 23 open wide.
In the way of being equal to the first support plate 3 in structure, described insertion introduction channel 28 is along with rotation axiss " X-X " together
Axle circular path arrangement, and by the second support plate 4 diametrically part and by the multiple importings forming axial rotor level 30
Rotor blade 29 defines.In other words, axial rotor level 30 is limited by circular open, and circular open prolongs along above-mentioned circular path
Stretch, import rotor blade 29 and be placed in described circular open, the described footpath importing rotor blade 29 connection the second support plate 4
To opposite segments.
Two support plates 3,4 (including importing rotor blade 26,29) are preferably for example made for by three-dimensional sintering technology
Single-piece.
Each of the above-mentioned blade 26,29 of axial rotor level 27,30 leading edge of blade and trailing edge generally diametrically (edge
Radial direction with respect to described rotation axiss " X-X ") extend, enable them to work under the mobilization of the working fluid of axial type
Make, that is, be predominantly parallel to rotation axiss " X-X " orientation.The leading edge importing each of blade 26,29 blade is in the face of corresponding
Second face 21,23 of support plate 3,4, and the first face 9,15 to corresponding support plate 3,4 for the rear surface.
The allowance for expansion 31 of working fluid is defined in two the first faces 9,15 together, and described working fluid passes through two support plates
3rd, 4 insertion introduction channel 25,28 enters in described allowance for expansion 31, and is turned by the radial direction of described two support plates 3,4
Sub- level 10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19 is left from rotation axiss " X-X " expanded radially, and in above-mentioned support plate 3,4
Outer radial periphery part is gone out.
The direction of blade 14 of radial rotor level 10,11,12,13 of the first support plate 3 and the radial direction of the second support plate 4 turn
The direction of the blade 20 of sub- level 16,17,18,19 is contrary, makes the expansion of working fluid cause described two support plates 3,4 along on the contrary
Direction rotate.
Preferably, the ratio between the radial height of each importing rotor blade 26,29 and the diameter of support plate 3,4 is in
Between about 0.007 and about 0.050.In the embodiment shown, this ratio is e.g., from about equal to 0.025.
Expansion turbine 1 also includes Part I 32, and described Part I 32 (with respect to holding shell 2) is fixing, is provided with
Multiple importing rotor blades 26 with the first support plate 3 are axially side by side and positioned at the second face 21 of described first support plate 3
The fixing of side imports opening 33.First fixed part 32 can be the integral part of holding shell 2, or is stably seated in holding shell 2.
As seen in Figure 4, the first fixed part 32 has the annular channels coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X " and multiple stator vane
34, the plurality of stator vane 34 is located in described annular channels, is divided into above-mentioned fixing importing opening 33.Stator vane
34 generally diametrically (radial direction along with respect to described rotation axiss " X-X ") extensions.Stator vane 34 forms axial stator level 35,
The axial direction that it is limited for the first support plate 3 together with corresponding axial rotor level 27 imports level.
Second fixed part 36 is located at the side in the second face 23 of the second support plate 4.Second fixed part 36 be provided with multiple with the
The importing rotor blade 29 of two support plates 4 axially fixing importing opening 37 side by side.Second fixed part 36 can be the whole of holding shell 2
Body portion or be stably seated in holding shell 2.Similar to the first fixed part 32, the second fixed part 36 has and rotation axiss " X-
The coaxial annular channels of X " and multiple stator vane 38, the plurality of stator vane 38 is located in described annular channels, by its stroke
It is divided into above-mentioned fixing importing opening 37.Stator vane 38 is generally diametrically (radial direction along with respect to described rotation axiss " X-X ")
Extend.Stator vane 38 forms axial stator level 39, and described axial stator level 39 is limited together with corresponding axial rotor level 30
Axial direction for the second support plate 4 imports level.
First fixed part 32 extends radially away from (as fixed disk) from rotation axiss " X-X ", and has and be arranged in first
The respective face 40 on annular attachment 22 opposite of support plate 3.Extend two and rotation axiss from the described face 40 of the first fixed part 32
" X-X " coaxial annular wall 41 (see Fig. 4).Each annular wall 41 axially extend nearly to the first support plate 3 corresponding
The second face 21 at annular attachment 22.
As preferably visible in the Local map of Fig. 5, annular attachment 22 remains and is disposed relative to corresponding annular
On the radially more inner position of wall 41.The end 42 of annular wall 41 is located at annular attachment 22 and nearby and carries sliding mats
43, sliding mats remain radially between described end 42 and described annular attachment 22.Sliding mats 43 and annular attachment
22 contact and slide on, to guarantee the sealing of working fluid.
Radially the second face 21 1 of the face 40 of the annular wall 41 of arranged in succession and the first fixed part 32 and the first support plate 3
Rise and define first annular room 44.
Second fixed part 36 is structurally similar to the first fixed part 32.Corresponding face 46 is arranged in the second support plate 4
The opposite of annular attachment 24.Extend two annular wall coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X " 47 (and annular attachment from described face 46
24 as many).Each annular wall 47 axially extends nearly at corresponding annular attachment 24 the second of the second support plate 4
Face 23.
Annular attachment 24 remains and is disposed relative on the radially more inner position of corresponding annular wall 47.With relatively
The mode of the content mirrors shown in Fig. 5, an end 42 of annular wall 47 is located at annular attachment 24 and nearby and carries slip
Liner 43, described sliding mats 43 remain radially between described end 42 and described annular attachment 24.Sliding mats 43
Contact with annular attachment 24 and slide on, to guarantee the sealing of working fluid.
Radially the second face 23 1 of the face 46 of the annular wall 47 of arranged in succession and the first fixed part 36 and the second support plate 4
Rise and define the second doughnut 48.
In an illustrated embodiment, both the first and second fixed parts 32,36 are respectively provided with hole 50, for being turned by corresponding
Axle 5,7 (Fig. 4).
Additionally, both support plates 3,4 are respectively provided with compensation port 52, described compensation port 52 is with respect to insertion introduction channel
25th, 28 radial inner position obtains.
Described turbine 1 also includes two secondary axial stages 53, and each secondary axial stage 53 is located relative to corresponding support plate 3,4
The region of radially outer in.
Hereafter only referring to one of described level 53, because these level 53 structures are identical.
Secondary axial stage 53 includes multiple pairs rotor blade 54 (being contained on the periphery of corresponding support plate 3,4) and multiple pair is fixed
Blades 55 (are contained on support component 2a, described support component constitutes a part for the radially outer of holding shell 2, and are located at phase
On position for the radially outer of support plate 3,4).
Secondary rotor blade 54 radially extends from the periphery outside of corresponding disk 3,4, as seen in Figure 3.Secondary stator
Blade 55 radially extends and towards rotation axiss " X-X " convergence from support component 56.
The inside end in footpath of secondary stator vane 55 is carried by radially inner ring 56.This ring 56 is located at corresponding support plate 3,4
Peripheral region the first face 9,15 in the face of described support plate 3,4.
Each of support plate 3,4 has a secondary annular attachment 57, described pair annular attachment 57 from corresponding first face 9,
15 project, the position of radially outer that is coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X " and being located relative to radial rotor level 10-13,16-19
On.
Radially inner ring 56 is located relative to the radially outer of secondary annular attachment 57 and the position of neighbouring described pair annular attachment 57
Put, and carry sliding mats, described sliding mats remain radially between described internal ring 56 and described pair annular attachment 57
Between.Sliding mats contact and slide on secondary annular attachment 57, to guarantee the sealing of working fluid.
Holding shell 2 defines the first importing room 58, and the first importing room 58 is arranged in relative with corresponding first support plate 3 the
The side of one fixed part 32.First to import room 58 be annular, and in the face of the first fixed part 32 fixing import opening 33 and with institute
State the fixing opening 33 that imports to be in fluid communication.First import room 58 also with it is contemplated that in turbine 1 expand workflow body source 59 (as position
Loop in the upstream of turbine 1) it is in fluid communication.
Holding shell 2 defines the second importing room 60, and the second importing room 60 is arranged in relative with corresponding second support plate 4 the
The side of two fixed parts 36.Second to import room 60 be annular, and in the face of the second fixed part 36 fixing import opening 37 and with institute
State the fixing opening 37 that imports to be in fluid communication.Second import room 60 with it is contemplated that workflow body source 59 fluid expanding in turbine 1 even
Logical.
In use, the working fluid from source 59 passes through suitable conduit 61 and enters importing room 58,60, and from these importings
Room flows axially through fixing importing opening 33,37, flows through the stator vane 34,38 of fixed part 32,36, and flows through support plate 3,4
Import rotor blade 26,29.Working fluid by the speed of introduction channel 25,28 for instance in about 40m/s and about 45m/s it
Between.
Then, working fluid flows through radial rotor level 10-13,16-19 of the first and second support plates 3,4, then passes through
Secondary axial stage 53.The working fluid leaving from secondary axial stage 53 then towards the downstream positioned at turbine 1 loop be sent to by
In the room 62 (preferably spiral case) that holding shell 2 defines.
Embodiment shown in Fig. 2 only has a support plate 3.With figure 1 illustrates and describe for reversely rotating whirlpool
As the element class of wheel, element repeats no more in this article；For the sake of simplicity, identical reference is used for those elements.
Support plate 3 has the first face 9, and described first face 9 carries the footpath of multiple succeedingly radial arrangement one by one
To stage 10,11,12.
The opposite in the first face 9 is placed with the wall 63 of holding shell 2, and described wall 63 carries multiple ground diameters in succession one by one
Radial stator level 64,65 to arrangement.Each of stator stage 64,65 includes the blade along corresponding circular path arranged in succession
66 array.Stator stage 64,65 is radially staggered with stage 10,11,12.
In the present embodiment, allowance for expansion 31 is defined between support plate 3 and the wall 63 of holding shell 2.
The first support plate 3 for counter-rotating turbo that the structure of single support plate 3 is generally described with Fig. 1 and illustrates
Identical.Similar to the counter-rotating turbo of Fig. 1, the turbine of Fig. 2 has two annular wall 41, and annular wall 41 has end 42, end
Portion 42 is located near annular attachment 22, and described annular attachment 22 stretches out from the second face 21 of support plate 3, to define doughnut
44.
Similar to the counter-rotating turbo of Fig. 1, the turbine of Fig. 2 also includes secondary axial stage 53, and secondary axial stage 53 includes multiple
Secondary rotor blade 54 (being contained on the periphery of support plate 3) and multiple pair stator vane 55 (are fixed on the footpath constituting holding shell 2
To on the support component 56 of an outside part).
Similar to the counter-rotating turbo of Fig. 1, the turbine of Fig. 2 also includes introduction channel 25, and introduction channel 25 is in support plate 3
The middle importing rotor blade 26 obtaining and being provided with restriction axial rotor level 27.
Similar to the counter-rotating turbo of Fig. 1, the turbine of Fig. 2 also includes fixing importing opening 33, fixing importing opening 33
The side importing rotor blade 26 the second face 21 axially side by side and positioned at described support plate 3 with support plate 3.Fixing importing is opened
Mouth 33 has the importing stator vane 34 limiting axial stator level 35.
Different from the counter-rotating turbo of Fig. 1, the turbine of Fig. 2 includes nose 67 (as certain pointed element), described nose
The side in 67 the second faces 21 that are coaxial with rotation axiss " X-X " and being located at support plate 3.The periphery of nose 67 carries and imports stator leaf
Piece 34 simultaneously orients towards axial entrance 68.Nose 67 makes the fluid entering from axial entrance 68 import towards around the fixing of nose
Opening 33 deflects.
Claims (15)
1. it is centrifuged radial turbine, including：
Fixing holding shell (2)；
At least one support plate (3,4), at least one support plate described has the first face (9,15), and described first face carries at least
One radial rotor level (10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19), described radial rotor level is connect by along corresponding circular path
Even the array of the blade (14,20) of arrangement is formed；
At least one and corresponding support plate (3,4) all-in-one-piece rotating shaft (5,7)；
Wherein said at least one radial rotor level (10,11,12,13,16,17,18,19) is located at the expansion for working fluid
In volume (31)；
Wherein said at least one support plate (3,4) has insertion introduction channel (25,28), described insertion introduction channel with respect to
Corresponding rotating shaft (5,7) is located at radially external position, and with respect at least one radial rotor level described (10,11,12,13,
16th, 17,18,19) it is located at radial inner position；
Wherein said at least one support plate (3,4) can be in the workflow being entered by described insertion introduction channel (25,28)
Rotate freely together with corresponding rotating shaft (5,7) around rotation axiss (X-X) in the presence of body；
It is characterized in that, run through introduction channel (25,28) place accordingly, described at least one support plate (3,4) is included at least
Multiple importing rotor blades (26,29) of one corresponding axial rotor level (27,30).
2. the turbine as described in aforementioned claim it is characterised in that described insertion introduction channel (25,28) at least in part by
Described importing rotor blade (26,29) is defined.
3. the turbine as described in one of aforementioned claim is it is characterised in that described importing rotor blade (26,29) is integrally formed
In at least one support plate described (3,4).
4. the turbine as described in one of aforementioned claim is it is characterised in that each imports the radial direction height of rotor blade (26,29)
The ratio of the diameter of degree and at least one support plate described (3,4) is included between about 0.007 and about 0.05.
5. the turbine as described in one of aforementioned claim is it is characterised in that work by described insertion introduction channel (25,28)
Make being included between about 35m/s and about 100m/s, preferably between about 40m/s and about 45m/s of fluid axially through speed.
6. the turbine as described in one of aforementioned claim, the multiple importings including corresponding axial stage (27,35,30,39) are fixed
Blades (34,38), the plurality of import stator vane and described at least one support plate (3,4) importing rotor blade (26,
29) side by side, and be placed in corresponding support plate (3,4) second face (21,23) contrary with described first face (9,15) one
Side.
7. the turbine as described in one of aforementioned claim, including at least one radial rotor level (63,66), described radial rotor
Level is fixing with respect to described holding shell (2), and is formed by the array of blade (66), and described blade is along corresponding circular path in succession
Arrangement, and it is arranged in radially outer and/or inner radial with respect to described at least one radial rotor level (10,11,12)
On position, wherein said allowance for expansion (31) is limited between described support plate (3) and described holding shell (2).
8. the turbine as described in aforementioned claim, including with described holding shell (2) all-in-one-piece nose (67), described nose cloth
Put the side in described support plate (3) second face (21) contrary with described first face (9) and be located in entry conductor (68).
9., when claim 7 quotes claim 6, turbine as described in aforementioned claim is it is characterised in that described importing
Stator vane (34) is circumferentially positioned around in described nose (67).
10. the turbine as described in one of claim 1 to 6 is it is characterised in that described turbine is reverse rotation type turbine and wraps
Include the first support plate (3) and the second support plate (4), wherein said first support plate (3) in the face of described second support plate (4) so that
Limit described allowance for expansion (31), and the blade of the blade (14) of described first support plate (3) and described second support plate (4)
(20) radially staggered.
11. turbines as described in one of aforementioned claim are it is characterised in that axial rotor level (27,30) is acting type axial direction
Stage.
12. turbines as described in one of aforementioned claim are it is characterised in that described axial rotor level (27,30) is retroaction
Profile shaft is to stage.
13. turbines as described in one of aforementioned claim are it is characterised in that one or more of support plate (3,4) has
Compensate port (52), described compensation port is formed in the radial inner position with respect to described insertion introduction channel (25,28),
So that axial thrust in described support plate (3,4) for the balance.
14. turbines as described in one of aforementioned claim, including doughnut (44,48), described doughnut be concentric and
In the face of described support plate or each support plate (3,4) the second face；Wherein, accommodate consolidating of one or more support plates (3,4)
Determine holding shell (2) and include annular wall (41,47), described annular wall is coaxial with described rotation axiss (X-X) and limits one or many
Individual described doughnut (44,48).
A kind of 15. devices for producing mechanical energy and/or electric energy, including as described at least one in claim 1 to 14
Turbine.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| ITMI20140487 | 2014-03-21 | ||
| ITMI2014A000487 | 2014-03-21 | ||
| PCT/IB2015/051940 WO2015140707A1 (en) | 2014-03-21 | 2015-03-17 | Centrifugal radial turbine |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106460517A true CN106460517A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=50981685
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580020886.9A Pending CN106460517A (en) | 2014-03-21 | 2015-03-17 | Centrifugal radial turbine |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20170107818A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP3119991B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2017519155A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN106460517A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2943407A1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2016012186A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2016140623A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015140707A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ITUA20162126A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-09-30 | Exergy Spa | Method for the construction of bladed discs for radial turbomachinery and bladed disc obtained by this method |
| ITUA20162125A1 (en) * | 2016-03-30 | 2017-09-30 | Exergy Spa | Radial turbomachinery with axial thrust compensation |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB396352A (en) * | 1932-05-09 | 1933-08-03 | Asea Ab | Improvements in radial flow steam or gas turbines having axially displaced bladings |
| CN1193686A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-23 | 张春智 | Turbine expansion jet steam turbine |
| CN101094971A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-12-26 | 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 | Optimised turbine stage for a turbine engine and layout method |
| CN101899994A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-12-01 | 大保辉彦 | Semi-drain steam turbine |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE208040C (en) * | ||||
| GB311586A (en) | 1928-06-30 | 1929-05-16 | Asea Ab | Improvements in steam turbines |
| CH253571A (en) * | 1945-12-20 | 1948-03-15 | Svenska Turbinfab Ab | Gas turbine unit. |
| ITBS20120008A1 (en) | 2012-01-20 | 2013-07-21 | Turboden Srl | METHOD AND TURBINE TO EXPAND AN ORGANIC WORKING FLUID IN A RANKINE CYCLE |
-
2015
- 2015-03-17 MX MX2016012186A patent/MX2016012186A/en unknown
- 2015-03-17 CN CN201580020886.9A patent/CN106460517A/en active Pending
- 2015-03-17 US US15/127,921 patent/US20170107818A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-17 EP EP15718087.8A patent/EP3119991B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2015-03-17 JP JP2017500458A patent/JP2017519155A/en active Pending
- 2015-03-17 RU RU2016140623A patent/RU2016140623A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2015-03-17 CA CA2943407A patent/CA2943407A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2015-03-17 WO PCT/IB2015/051940 patent/WO2015140707A1/en active Application Filing
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB396352A (en) * | 1932-05-09 | 1933-08-03 | Asea Ab | Improvements in radial flow steam or gas turbines having axially displaced bladings |
| CN1193686A (en) * | 1997-03-13 | 1998-09-23 | 张春智 | Turbine expansion jet steam turbine |
| CN101094971A (en) * | 2004-11-02 | 2007-12-26 | 阿尔斯托姆科技有限公司 | Optimised turbine stage for a turbine engine and layout method |
| CN101899994A (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2010-12-01 | 大保辉彦 | Semi-drain steam turbine |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP3119991A1 (en) | 2017-01-25 |
| RU2016140623A (en) | 2018-04-23 |
| JP2017519155A (en) | 2017-07-13 |
| CA2943407A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| US20170107818A1 (en) | 2017-04-20 |
| WO2015140707A1 (en) | 2015-09-24 |
| MX2016012186A (en) | 2017-05-01 |
| EP3119991B1 (en) | 2018-05-02 |
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