CN106460129A - Underground components with amorphous coating - Google Patents
Underground components with amorphous coating Download PDFInfo
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- CN106460129A CN106460129A CN201580021714.3A CN201580021714A CN106460129A CN 106460129 A CN106460129 A CN 106460129A CN 201580021714 A CN201580021714 A CN 201580021714A CN 106460129 A CN106460129 A CN 106460129A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/011—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic all layers being formed of iron alloys or steels
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/02—Amorphous alloys with iron as the major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/02—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of pressure only
- C23C24/04—Impact or kinetic deposition of particles
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C4/00—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge
- C23C4/04—Coating by spraying the coating material in the molten state, e.g. by flame, plasma or electric discharge characterised by the coating material
- C23C4/06—Metallic material
- C23C4/067—Metallic material containing free particles of non-metal elements, e.g. carbon, silicon, boron, phosphorus or arsenic
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Earth Drilling (AREA)
- Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)
Abstract
Disclosed herein is a method comprising: spraying a coating onto a surface of a component, wherein the coating is at least partially amorphous, wherein the coating is configured to protect the component for underground use. Disclosed herein is a component so coated. The coating may have an elastic strain limit greater than a yield strain of the component. The coating may have a modulus of elasticity lower than a modulus of elasticity of the component. The coating may have a hardness higher than a hardness of the surface. A coefficient of friction between the coating and steel may be lower than a coefficient of friction between steel and steel.
Description
Related application
This application claims the power of the priority of U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 61/986,288 of on April 30th, 2014 submission
Benefit, its disclosure is hereby incorporated by reference in its entirety.
Technical field
It relates to being suitable for the assembly (being for example used for the drilling rod of petroleum vapor recovery drilling well) of underground use and making this
The method of the assembly of sample.
Background technology
The such as challenging environment such as high pressure, chemical attack and physical erosion faced by the assembly using for underground.
These assemblies are highly useful or even necessary in the application of such as petroleum vapor recovery, constructing tunnel and fabric foundation construction etc.
's.
For example, the drilling well for petroleum vapor recovery can involve and uses drilling rod, and it is connected to each other and in end in drill string
Equipped with drill bit.Drill string provides torque, power and circulation of fluid to penetrate various types of subsurface formations to drill bit.Fig. 1 illustrates
A part for exemplary drill string is shown, it is included about 30 to 45 feet of each length and is connect by instrument in drilling rod 1 end
2 attachable drilling rods 1 each other.Fig. 1 is shown in the drilling rod before drilling rod is connected to each other.These tool-joints can be protected in case quilt
Wear-resisting cover 3 abrasions and they can have the diameter of the significantly greater than body of drilling rod 1.Under vertical drilling conditions, instrument connects
2 can protect the body of drilling rod 1 due to the larger diameter of tool-joint 2, and the body that this is effectively prevented from drilling rod 1 is bored with drill string
The borehole wall directly contact visited.
If well is not completely straight, such as in horizontal drilling, the individual drilling rod in drill string or drill string can elastic bending.
The bending of drill string or individual drilling rod, using increased run of steel (for example, about 45 feet) or closer to tool-joint diameter but
Than the can make tool effectiveness of the protection to drilling rod body for the joint of also little pipe diameter reduce and may result in drilling rod body
With borehole wall directly contact.Such directly contact can make drilling rod be exposed to abrasion mechanism, and it can significantly affect the integrity of drilling rod.
Such mechanism may include abrasion between the abrasion contacting with subsurface formations, metal parts and/or scratch and with probing stream
The abrasion that body contacts with drilling cuttings.
The possible way of protection drilling rod may include places one or more clampers to make drilling rod keep on drilling rod body
Away from the borehole wall, clamper rubber sleeve is placed on drilling rod, applies coating, epoxy coating, applied powder metallurgy antioxidation, lead to
Cross Surface hardened layer or make certain material become welding or the smelting process of alloy with the base material of drilling rod by transferred plasma arc
And with comprising the sedimentary crystallization steel matrix microscopic structure thermal spraying wearing layer of chromium carbide and boride.
These methods may be not enough to eliminate the directly contact of drilling rod and the borehole wall, or is not enough to prevent drilling rod from being connect by such
Touch abrasion.These methods can introduce other risk, and it includes the catastrophic failure of drilling rod, such as in down-hole clamper and drilling rod
The inadvisable metallurgical change of the drilling rod base material that separation, welding or smelting process cause is (for example because drilling rod is from warm with it
The reduction of the anti-corrosion layer in reduction that effect causes and/or drilling rod inner surface) and drilling rod the stress that causes of a large amount of rotations
Lower thermal spraying crystallizes the layering of coating.
Content of the invention
Such method is disclosed herein, it includes：By on coating spraying to assembly surface, wherein this coating is at least part of
Amorphous, its floating coat is configured to protect assembly to use for underground.
According to embodiment, coating is not metallurgically bonded to surface.
According to embodiment, coating is completely amorphous state.
According to embodiment, assembly is drilling rod, work string or production pipe.
According to embodiment, coating has the elastic strain limit more than 0.103%.
According to embodiment, coating has the elastic strain limit of the yield strain more than assembly.
According to embodiment, coating has the elastic modelling quantity of the elastic modelling quantity less than assembly.
According to embodiment, coating has the elastic modelling quantity of most 150GPa.
According to embodiment, coating has the hardness higher than case hardness.
According to embodiment, the coefficient of friction between coating and steel is less than the coefficient of friction between steel and steel.
According to embodiment, coating is sprayed on surface by hot-spraying technique.
According to embodiment, coating is sprayed on surface by cold spray process.
According to embodiment, from by twin wire arc spray, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying, velocity air fuel spraying and plasma spray
Apply the group selection hot-spraying technique of composition.
According to embodiment, coating includes amorphous metal alloy wholly or in part.
According to embodiment, amorphous metal alloy has by chemical formula Fea(Cr,Mo)b(B,C)cMdThe composition representing, its
Middle a is the percentage by weight of Fe, and b is the percentage by weight summation of Cr and Mo, and c is the percentage by weight summation of B and C, and M is one
Or multiple transition metal and d are the percentage by weight summations of all transition metal.
According to embodiment, the value of a 40 to 56, b value 40 to 50, c value 4 to 6, and the value of d is 0 to 10.
According to embodiment, the percentage by weight of B is equal to or less than the percentage by weight of C.
According to embodiment, the percentage by weight of Mo is less than the percentage by weight of Cr.
According to embodiment, amorphous metal alloy has the fusing point less than or equal to 1150 DEG C.
According to embodiment, coating further includes the particle from the group selection being made up of tungsten, carbide and boride, wherein
These particles are distributed in the matrix of amorphous metal.
According to embodiment, assembly includes metal, and it is from the group selection being made up of steel, aluminum, titanium and cast iron.
According to embodiment, method makes surface roughening before further including at spray-on coating.
According to embodiment, coating has neutrality or compressive surfaces residual stress.
The assembly that be suitable for underground use is disclosed herein, it includes having cated at least a portion thereon, wherein this painting
Layer is at least partly amorphous.
According to embodiment, assembly is drilling rod, work string or production pipe.
According to embodiment, it is partly the interlude of drilling rod.
According to embodiment, part includes the part of tool-joint.
Method in ground drilling is disclosed herein, it includes：Obtain drill string, it includes drill bit and is connected to this multiple brills
At least a portion in bar, wherein drilling rod includes coating thereon, and this coating is at least partly amorphous；Drive drill bit.
According to embodiment, well is not straight.
According to embodiment, well has section parallel to the ground.
According to embodiment, well has and uneven section of ground.
It is disclosed herein for the system in ground drilling, it includes：Drill bit；The multiple drilling rods being connected to each other；Wherein drill bit
It is connected to drilling rod；Wherein at least a portion in drilling rod includes coating thereon, and this coating is at least partly amorphous.
According to embodiment, system further includes chain wrench, degasser, desander, winch, elevator, MTR, mud
Pump or slurry tank.
Brief description
Fig. 1 be diagram drilling rod schematic diagram, this drilling rod have on the tool-joint at pipe end wear-resisting cover for
Drill string is connected with the end of adjacent pipe.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the interlude of the drilling rod being arrived according to embodiment amorphous metal alloy coating spraying.
Fig. 3 A is the spray-on coating of the completely amorphous state metal alloy on the drilling rod of the Fig. 2 being taken along section line III-III
Cross sectional Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) image, it illustrates drilling rod, completely amorphous state metal alloy coating and the machine between it
The microstructure that tool combines.
Fig. 3 B is the part amorphous metal alloy coating of spraying on the drilling rod of the Fig. 2 being taken along section line III-III
Cross sectional Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) image, it illustrates drilling rod, part amorphous metal alloy coating and the machinery between it
In conjunction with microstructure.
Fig. 4 A and Fig. 4 B is showing of the corresponding thermal spray system for applying coating on the outer surface of the interlude of drilling rod
It is intended to.
The heat spray coating layer material (sample 1 in Fig. 3 A) that Fig. 5 A illustrates to obtain by XRD (x-ray diffraction) completely non-
The feature of crystalline fraction, it is shown in coating material does not have any crystallization microstructure.
Fig. 5 B illustrates to test the loading-unloading indentation curves of the sample 1 obtaining from Nanoindentation, can determine painting from it
The elastic modelling quantity (Young's moduluss) of layer.
The heat spray coating layer material (sample 2 in Fig. 3 B) that Fig. 6 A illustrates to obtain by XRD (x-ray diffraction) partly non-
The feature of crystalline fraction, it is shown in the multi-phase crystallization microstructure coexist in most amorphous state matrixes.
Fig. 6 B illustrates the loading-unloading indentation curves of the sample 2 of Fig. 6 A obtaining from Nanoindentation test, permissible from it
Determine elastic modelling quantity (Young's moduluss).
Fig. 7 describe completely amorphous state coating material DSC (differential scanning calorimetry), its illustrate clear glass change and
Fusion temperature.
Fig. 8 is the carbonization tungsten particle in the part amorphous metal alloy matrix on the drilling rod being taken along section line III-III
Cross sectional Scanning Electron microscope (SEM) image of the spray-on coating of son, it illustrates drilling rod, part amorphous metal alloy coating
And the microstructure of the mechanical bond between it.
Fig. 9 illustrates magnification at high multiple scanning electron microscope (SEM) image of the coating of Fig. 8, and it illustrates that part amorphous state is closed
Carbide particle in auri body and identify region of interest.
Figure 10 illustrates as the chemistry of the region of interest identifying in fig .9 being determined by energy dispersion X-ray (EDX) spectrographic method
Composition, it confirms the composition (for the sake of clarity, spectrum vertical movement) of carbide and part amorphous alloy matrix.
Figure 11 illustrates the loading-unloading indentation curves of the sample of the Fig. 8 obtaining from Nanoindentation test, can be true from it
Determine elastic modelling quantity (Young's moduluss).
Figure 12 illustrates the hardness vs. displacement curve of the sample for the Fig. 8 obtaining from Nanoindentation test, permissible from it
Determine hardness.
Specific embodiment
Disclosure herein improve to underground use assembly (such as drilling rod or production pipe) protection with wearability in terms of can be
Useful, the risk without making component failures increases.
According to embodiment, at least a portion of the assembly (for example, drilling rod, production pipe) using for underground can use have super
The coating hot-spraying crossing the high elastic strain limit of strain of assembly during underground uses (for example, passes through in drilling rod downhole
The bending of drilling rod).With the part of coating hot-spraying may include can directly contact assembly a part (centre of such as drilling rod
Section), or can scraped finish underground structure.Coating may include amorphous metal alloy.Coating may include at least part of amorphous state, non-knot
Brilliant, unordered atomicscale structure.Coating can have the hardness higher than the assembly surface that coating setting is located.Coating can not make
With being mechanically coupled to the underlying surface of assembly in the case of metallurgical binding.When assembly is drilling rod, coating can improve the heat to drilling rod
The wearability of impact and thermal cycle or resistance to heat shocks, without making the risk losing efficacy in drilling rod increase.As conventional with drilling rod
The comparing about only 310HV (Vickers hardness) of steel, the hardness of coating can be more than or equal to 500HV.As with conventional steel in drilling rod
About 200GPa compare, the elastic modelling quantity of coating can be most 150GPa, or most 120GPa.Friction between coating and steel
Coefficient can be less than coefficient of friction and steel between for the steel (conventional in drilling rod).For example, the coefficient of friction between coating and steel is permissible
It is most 0.15.
Coating can be band (for example, along the band of drilling rod periphery).Coating can have other configurations, such as spiral (for example, edge
The spiral of drilling rod).Coating can be applied in interlude or the other parts of drilling rod.Coating can use amorphous metal alloy
Multipass thermal jet is coated onto such as 0.005 to 0.1 inch of thickness and sets up.Coating can be applied to assembly (example by hot-spraying technique
As drilling rod), this hot-spraying technique can be from by twin wire arc spray, high-velocity oxy-fuel and velocity air fuel and plasma spray
Apply the group selection of composition.Coating can be applied to assembly (for example, drilling rod) by cold spray process.
The amorphous metal alloy that coating includes can be in the form of powder or silk, and it has substantially by Cr 25-
27%th, the composition that B 2.0-2.2%, Mo 16-18%, C 2.0-2.5%, balance of Fe (with percentage by weight expression) form.
Table 1 illustrates the exemplary composition of amorphous metal alloy that may include in coating.
Table 1
In an embodiment, the amorphous metal alloy that coating includes can have by chemical formula Fea(Cr,Mo)b(B,C)cMd
The composition representing, wherein a is the percentage by weight of Fe, and b is the percentage by weight summation of Cr and Mo, and c is the weight percent of B and C
Ratio summation, the percentage by weight summation that M is one or more transition metal and d is all transition metal.The value of a can 40 to
56.The value of b can be 40 to 50.The value of c can be 4 to 6.The value of d is 0 to 10.In an embodiment, the percentage by weight of B be equal to or
Percentage by weight less than C.In an embodiment, the percentage by weight of Mo is less than the percentage by weight of Cr.
When applying coating by hot-spraying technique, the fusing point of amorphous metal alloy may be less than or equal to 1150 DEG C.Non-
The relative low melting point of amorphous metal alloy makes the heat input arriving base material during coating reduce.Low heat input during coating
Avoid the inadvisable metallurgical change of base material or be allowed to reduce.When applying a layer to, on inside drilling rod, there is anti-corrosion layer
Drilling rod when, low heat input also avoids the inadvisable metallurgical change of anti-corrosion layer or is allowed to reduce.Amorphous metal alloy
Low melting point additionally aids the amorphous state microstructure forming coating.
Also include from least one of abrasion-proof particle of group selection being made up of tungsten, carbide and boride in coating
When, amorphous metal alloy may act as the matrix material of coating.Abrasion-proof particle can be pre-mixed amorphous metal alloy powder
Or in silk, or it is incorporated to during spraying.
Fig. 2 schematically illustrates the partial view of the drilling rod 1 (as the example of assembly) according to embodiment with coating 5.This brill
Bar 1 is connected to another drilling rod at tool-joint 2.Coating 5 can be applied to the parts such as the interlude 4 of such as drilling rod 1.Coating 5
Can have and when using in underground more than assembly (for example, drilling rod 1), the strain of experience (for example, be used, by for example existing in probing
From vertical, the bending to drilling rod during horizontal drilling causes) elastic strain limit.Assembly can experience up to 0.103% should
Become.Coating 5 can have the elastic strain limit of the yield strain more than assembly, this yield strain can 0.076 to
0.155%.For example, coating 5 can bear such as 0.17% strain before it lost efficacy.Coating 5 can have higher than assembly
Elastic modelling quantity.Coating 5 has in this example≤elastic modelling quantity of 150GPa or≤120GPa, it is less than the Young mould of drilling rod 1
Amount.In drilling rod, the Young's modulus of lasticity E of conventional steel is about 29 × 106PSI(200GPa).Coating 5 can have ratio and apply to apply
The assembly higher intensity in (for example, drilling rod 1) surface (hardness) that layer is located.Coating 5 has >=500HV (Vickers in this example
Hardness) hardness.In drilling rod, the hardness of conventional steel is about 310HV.The higher hardness of coating 5, compared with low elastic modulus, higher
Elastic strain limit or combinations thereof can be at least partly due to coating and have such atom microstructure, and it is at least part of
Or completely amorphous state, rather than crystallization atomic structure, and coating can be made more resistant in the use of underground.
According to embodiment, in order to form coating 5, amorphous metal alloy is applied to by assembly (example by hot-spraying technique
As drilling rod 1) part (for example, interlude 4), such as using the twin wire arc spray system of such as schematic depiction in Figure 4 A.?
In technique, two silks (6 and 7) of amorphous metal alloy are fed and powered by wire feed 8, one be just and one be
Negative.Silk is forced together and forms electric arc, so that silk fusing.Make the fusing from silk through the compressed air of nozzle 10
Metallic atom and spray to it in this part (for example, the interlude 4 of drilling rod 1).By moving assembly or nozzle 10, can
Control the region of coating.For example, the static proximity leading to the interlude in drilling rod of nozzle forms band simultaneously for drilling rod rotation.
The rated current of system higher (for example, 350 amperes, 700 amperes etc.), spray rate is higher.In the exemplary embodiment, using tool
There is the system of 200～225 amperes of rated current.The variable-length of the interlude 4 of coating 5 coating.The thickness of coating 5 can change
Become.Relative diameter of expected radius of curvature, drilling rod and drill bushing that can be experienced based on drilling rod during drilling etc. is selecting length
And thickness.In this example, centre 1/3rd length of drilling rod is applied, but can coat smaller or greater length so that drilling
Expected abrasion in period pipe surface reduces.
Coating can be thin layer, the order of magnitude of such as 30 mils (0.030 inch).Shallow layer is at assembly (for example, drilling rod)
Upper experience is quick to be cooled down, thus resulting at least partly (for example, most (illustrating in fig. 6) or (show in fig. 5 completely
Go out)) amorphous structure, rather than crystalline texture.Multipass hot-spraying coating can be applied to protect the coating 5 to set up expectation thickness
Protecting assembly is in order to avoid wear and tear.In this example, coating 5 has 0.05 inch thickness being formed by multipass thermal spraying.Although in this example
Using twin wire arc spray, other hot-spraying techniques (it includes high-velocity oxy-fuel and velocity air fuel) or cold spraying, etc. from
Sub- technique can be used for applying coating.Replace silk form or in addition to silk form, the amorphous metal alloy of coating can adopt powder
Last form.Fig. 4 B describes for the setting using high-velocity oxy-fuel technique dusty spray amorphous metal alloy.Such as tungsten, carbonization
The abrasion-proof particle such as thing and boride can also apply in amorphous metal alloy silk or powder as mixture, wherein in deposition
After coating, amorphous metal alloy serves as the matrix of abrasion-proof particle.The surface of part to be coated can be passed through before coating
Sandblasting roughening (for example, see Fig. 3 A and 3B), in order to the combination of coating to surface.
Coating 5 can form the mechanical bond with surface, such as with have relative with the metallurgical binding on surface.Mechanical bond is in figure
Shown in the microstructure of coating drilling rod described in 3A and 3B.Coating to surface bond strength can 7,000～10,
In the range of 000psi.
According to embodiment, because the coating 5 of spraying experiences little or no due to most or completely amorphous state on assembly
Shrink, coating 5 has neutral or slightly compressed residual surface stress.By contrast, the solidification of crystal metal coating and contraction, this
Lead to tensile surface stress.Tensile surface stress can be bent using the object that concave way makes coating and may result in layering.Apply
Neutral or slightly compressed surface force in layer 5 can improve coating to the bond strength of underlying surface.
At least part of amorphous structure of coating can help to utilize the height of some assemblies (such as drilling rod) during drilling
Circulate and to improve wearability and delamination resistance.More specifically, Fe-Cr-B-Mo-C alloy, Ni-Cr- can be used in the coating
Si-B-Mo-Cu-Co alloy, Fe-Cr-B-Mn-Si alloy, Fe-Cr-B-Si alloy, Fe-Cr-B-Mn-Si-Cu-Ni-Mo close
Gold, Fe-Cr-B-Mn-Si-Ni alloy, Fe-Cr-Si-B-Mn-Ni-WC-TiC alloy, Fe-Cr-Si-Mn-C-Nd-Ti alloy,
Fe-Cr-P-C alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-P-C alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-P-C-Ni alloy, Fe-P-C-B-Al alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-
B-C-Si-Ni-P alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C-Si-W-Ni alloy, Ni-Cr-Mo-B alloy, Fe-B-Si-Cr-Nb-W alloy,
Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C-Y alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C-Y-Co alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-W-Nb alloy, Fe-Cr-Mo-B-C-Si-W-
One or more of Mn alloy, Fe-Cr-Si-W-Nb alloy.
Fig. 5 B and 6B illustrates the Nanoindentation test of the sample 1 and 2 with regard to the coating 5 such as identifying in figures 3 a and 3b
Result.Coating 5 thermal spraying on drilling rod.Young's modulus of elasticity can be from the loading-unloading by testing Fig. 5 B and 6B obtaining
Indentation curves are calculated as≤and 120GPa to be to provide more than by making drill pipe buckling during drilling, (probing is from vertically having to level
Deviate) elastic strain limit of strain that causes, together with the high strength of coating (hardness) of >=500HV.Fig. 5 A and 6A represents completely
Amorphous coating layer material and comprise amorphous state basal body coating layer material part crystalline phase XRD plot.Fig. 7 describes the differential of coating
Scanning calorimetry, it illustrates clear glass transition temperature and fusion temperature.
According to embodiment, coating can be complex, and it includes dividing for example in the amorphous metal alloy matrix of coating
The particle such as the tungsten carbide of cloth and boride.Table 2 illustrates following composition, Young's moduluss and hardness：Amorphous metal alloy " A "
The homogeneity coating of (sample 1), the homogeneity coating of amorphous metal alloy " B " (sample 2), at matrix amorphous metal alloy " A "
Composite coating of tungsten carbide (WC) particle of distribution and in matrix amorphous metal alloy " B " (sample in (sample 4 and sample 5)
This 3 and sample 6) in distribution tungsten carbide (WC) particle composite coating.Carry out nanometer using the nano-hardness tester XP from MTS
Impression measures.Using the load of up to 700mN and carry out impression using maximum 2 μm of penetration depth.From complete load/unload
In cycle, load vs. displacement curve determines hardness and the Young's moduluss of coating.
Table 2
As one exemplary embodiment it is seen that its elastic modelling quantity is 110GPa, it is only steel to the sample 1 of reference table 2
About 55%.Steel generally uses in the underground assembly such as such as drilling rod and other downhole tubular goods.The coating with low elastic modulus can
Due to underlying cause but beneficial.Underground assembly can experience stretching, compression and bending load during underground work.These are born
Load leads to deflection, or leads to strain in terms of engineering.Because coating is mechanically coupled to assembly, coating can be born with assembly substantially
Identical strains.According to definition, for specified dependent variable, elastic modelling quantity is lower, and stress is lower.Thus under specified strain, tool
The coating having low elastic modulus will stand more low stress level than the coating with high elastic modulus.So, there is low elasticity mould
The probability of the coating cracking of amount is lower than the coating with high elastic modulus.Although sample 1 has the elastic modelling quantity higher than steel,
It has the hardness of 6.8GPa, and it exceedes the twice of steel (3.0GPa about).Hardness is the common index of wearability.It is therefore seen that
The coating of sample 1 provides high-wearing feature to reduce together with the tendentiousness loading the cracking causing due to down-hole.
Fig. 8 illustrates the exemplary composite coating of the sample 4 of table 2.The substrate roughening by sandblasting is sprayed with HVOF
Spread the thickness of this 4 coating to about 20 mils of sample-adding.As indicated by table 2, the coating of sample 4 includes being arranged on part amorphous
Pact in state metal alloy (Cr 25-27%, B 2.0-2.2%, Mo 16～18%, C 2.0-2.5%, balance of Fe) matrix
20% tungsten carbide particle.
Fig. 9 is the magnification at high multiple image of the coating of Fig. 8.The chemical property institute of component is evaluated in label 1,2 and 3 identification with EDX
The site at place.
Figure 10 is shown in the change component of the site at the label 1,2 and 3 of mark in Fig. 9.See in optics and chemically
Tungsten carbide particle is still discrete and is comprised around matrix, but unaffected in chemistry.
Refer again to table 2, as measured by nano impress method and drawing in fig. 11, the elastic modelling quantity of sample 4 is
173GPa.This elastic modelling quantity is about half of about 87% and conventional silicon carbide tungsten coating of steel.Hardness is (as drawn in fig. 12
) it is 11.6, it is nearly 4 times of steel, and suitable with conventional silicon carbide tungsten coating.It is therefore seen that the coating of sample #4 can be in tool
The wearability greatly increasing is provided in the coating having modulus similar to steel, and also provide for can be similar to tungsten carbide coating wear-resisting
Property, but have much lower modulus and thus by down-hole load the cracking that applied strain causes tendentiousness lower.
The coating of various designs can also be sprayed, it includes coiled arrangement, band or the thin layer simply by whole assembly.Apply
The assembly covering can also be formed by the other materials such as steel or such as aluminum or titanium.In the disclosure this area and technology associated therewith
Staff will recognize the change of the structure of description and change and can practice process and the not meaningful the disclosure that deviates
Principle, spirit and scope.
Therefore, description above is not construed as only about the precision architecture being described in the drawings and illustrate, and phase reaction
Understanding, these claim have the most abundant and public of them for and support as claim consistent with following claims
Positive scope.
Claims (49)
1. a kind of method, it includes：
By on coating spraying to assembly surface, wherein said coating is at least partly amorphous,
Wherein said coating is configured to protect described assembly to use for underground.
2. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating is not metallurgically bonded to described surface.
3. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating is completely amorphous state.
4. the method for claim 1, wherein said assembly is drilling rod, work string or production pipe.
5. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has the elastic strain limit more than 0.103%.
6. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has the elastic strain of the yield strain more than described assembly
The limit.
7. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has the elastic modelling quantity of the elastic modelling quantity less than described assembly.
8. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has the elastic modelling quantity of most 150GPa.
9. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has the hardness of the hardness higher than described surface.
10. the method for claim 1, the coefficient of friction between wherein said coating and steel is less than rubbing between steel and steel
Wipe coefficient.
11. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating is sprayed on described surface by hot-spraying technique.
12. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating is sprayed on described surface by cold spray process.
13. methods as claimed in claim 11, wherein from by twin wire arc spray, high-velocity oxy-fuel spraying, high-speed air combustion
Material spraying and the hot-spraying technique described in group selection of plasma spraying composition.
14. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating includes amorphous metal alloy.
15. methods as claimed in claim 14, wherein said amorphous metal alloy has by chemical formula Fea(Cr,Mo)b(B,
C)cMdThe composition representing, wherein a is the percentage by weight of Fe, and b is the percentage by weight summation of Cr and Mo, and c is the weight of B and C
Percentage ratio summation, the percentage by weight summation that M is one or more transition metal and d is all transition metal.
16. methods as claimed in claim 15, the wherein value of a 40 to 56, b value 40 to 50, c value 4 to 6, and
And the value of d is 0 to 10.
17. methods as claimed in claim 15, the wherein percentage by weight of B are equal to or less than the percentage by weight of C.
18. methods as claimed in claim 15, the wherein percentage by weight of Mo are less than the percentage by weight of Cr.
19. methods as claimed in claim 15, wherein said amorphous metal alloy has molten less than or equal to 1150 DEG C
Point.
20. methods as claimed in claim 15, wherein said coating further includes from being made up of tungsten, carbide and boride
Group selection particle, wherein said particle is distributed in the matrix of described amorphous metal.
21. the method for claim 1, wherein said assembly includes metal, and it is from the group choosing being made up of steel, aluminum and titanium
Select.
22. the method for claim 1, it makes described surface roughening before further including at the described coating of spraying.
23. the method for claim 1, wherein said coating has neutrality or compressive surface stresses.
A kind of 24. assemblies being suitable for underground use, it includes at least partly, and described part has coating thereon, wherein institute
It is at least partly amorphous for stating coating.
25. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said assembly is drilling rod or production pipe.
26. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said part is the interlude of drilling rod.
27. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said part includes the part of tool-joint.
28. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating is completely amorphous state.
29. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating has the elastic strain limit more than 0.103%.
30. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, the elasticity that wherein said coating has the yield strain more than described assembly should
Become the limit.
31. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating has the springform of the elastic modelling quantity less than described assembly
Amount.
32. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating has the elastic modelling quantity of most 150GPa.
33. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating has the hardness higher than the surface of described assembly, wherein
Described coating is applied on described surface.
34. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, the coefficient of friction between wherein said coating and steel is less than between steel and steel
Coefficient of friction.
35. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating includes amorphous metal alloy.
36. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said amorphous metal alloy has by chemical formula Fea(Cr,Mo)b(B,
C)cMdThe composition representing, wherein a is the percentage by weight of Fe, and b is the percentage by weight summation of Cr and Mo, and c is the weight of B and C
Percentage ratio summation, the percentage by weight summation that M is one or more transition metal and d is all transition metal.
37. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, the wherein value of a 40 to 56, b value 40 to 50, c value 4 to 6, and
And the value of d is 0 to 10.
38. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, the wherein percentage by weight of B are equal to or less than the percentage by weight of C.
39. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, the wherein percentage by weight of Mo are less than the percentage by weight of Cr.
40. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said amorphous metal alloy has molten less than or equal to 1150 DEG C
Point.
41. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating further includes from being made up of tungsten, carbide and boride
Group selection particle, wherein said particle is distributed in the matrix of described amorphous metal.
42. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said assembly includes metal, and it is from the group choosing being made up of steel, aluminum and titanium
Select.
43. assemblies as claimed in claim 24, wherein said coating has neutrality or compressive surface stresses.
A kind of 44. methods in ground drilling, it includes：
Obtain drill string, it includes drill bit and is connected to this multiple drilling rods, and at least a portion of wherein said drilling rod is included thereon
Coating, described coating is at least partly amorphous；
Drive described drill bit.
45. methods as claimed in claim 44, wherein said well is not straight.
46. methods as claimed in claim 44, wherein said well has section parallel to the ground.
47. methods as claimed in claim 44, wherein said well has and uneven section of ground.
48. a kind of for the system in ground drilling, it includes：
Drill bit；
The multiple drilling rods being connected to each other；
Wherein said drill bit is connected to described drilling rod；
At least a portion in wherein said drilling rod includes coating thereon, and described coating is at least partly amorphous.
49. methods as claimed in claim 48, it further includes chain wrench, degasser, desander, winch, elevator, mud
Motor, slush pump or slurry tank.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201461986288P | 2014-04-30 | 2014-04-30 | |
| US61/986288 | 2014-04-30 | ||
| PCT/US2015/028663 WO2015168481A1 (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Underground components with amorphous coating |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106460129A true CN106460129A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
| CN106460129B CN106460129B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
Family
ID=54359353
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201580021714.3A Expired - Fee Related CN106460129B (en) | 2014-04-30 | 2015-04-30 | Subterranean assembly with amorphous coating |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN106460129B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2015168481A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109881139A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-14 | 上海中盟石油天然气有限公司 | The preprocess method of PDC steel body bit surface coated with hard alloy |
| CN113166916A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2021-07-23 | 美泰金属科技私人有限公司 | Pipe with amorphous inner surface coating and method of making the same |
Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US11932944B2 (en) | 2020-01-17 | 2024-03-19 | Kolon Industries, Inc | Pipe and manufacturing method therefor |
| WO2023129130A1 (en) | 2021-12-28 | 2023-07-06 | Halliburton Energy Services, Inc. | Cold spraying a coating onto a rotor in a downhole motor assembly |
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| US4250229A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1981-02-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Interlayers with amorphous structure for brazing and diffusion bonding |
| US20070107810A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Amorphous metal formulations and structured coatings for corrosion and wear resistance |
| US20110220415A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-09-15 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Ultra-low friction coatings for drill stem assemblies |
| CN102859024A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-02 | 科卢斯博知识产权有限公司 | Iron- chromium- molybdenum - based thermal spray powder and method of making of the same |
| US20140020794A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | California Institute Of Technology | Systems and methods for implementing bulk metallic glass-based macroscale compliant mechanisms |
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| WO2010127015A2 (en) * | 2009-04-30 | 2010-11-04 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Surface treatment of amorphous coatings |
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2015
- 2015-04-30 WO PCT/US2015/028663 patent/WO2015168481A1/en active Application Filing
- 2015-04-30 CN CN201580021714.3A patent/CN106460129B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4250229A (en) * | 1979-04-04 | 1981-02-10 | United Technologies Corporation | Interlayers with amorphous structure for brazing and diffusion bonding |
| US20070107810A1 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-17 | The Regents Of The University Of California | Amorphous metal formulations and structured coatings for corrosion and wear resistance |
| US20110220415A1 (en) * | 2009-08-18 | 2011-09-15 | Exxonmobil Research And Engineering Company | Ultra-low friction coatings for drill stem assemblies |
| CN102859024A (en) * | 2010-03-19 | 2013-01-02 | 科卢斯博知识产权有限公司 | Iron- chromium- molybdenum - based thermal spray powder and method of making of the same |
| US20140020794A1 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2014-01-23 | California Institute Of Technology | Systems and methods for implementing bulk metallic glass-based macroscale compliant mechanisms |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113166916A (en) * | 2018-08-14 | 2021-07-23 | 美泰金属科技私人有限公司 | Pipe with amorphous inner surface coating and method of making the same |
| CN109881139A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-06-14 | 上海中盟石油天然气有限公司 | The preprocess method of PDC steel body bit surface coated with hard alloy |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN106460129B (en) | 2019-12-13 |
| WO2015168481A1 (en) | 2015-11-05 |
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