CN106451048B - The fiber laser system that base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking can be achieved - Google Patents
The fiber laser system that base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking can be achieved Download PDFInfo
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- CN106451048B CN106451048B CN201611121810.8A CN201611121810A CN106451048B CN 106451048 B CN106451048 B CN 106451048B CN 201611121810 A CN201611121810 A CN 201611121810A CN 106451048 B CN106451048 B CN 106451048B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/05—Construction or shape of optical resonators; Accommodation of active medium therein; Shape of active medium
- H01S3/06—Construction or shape of active medium
- H01S3/063—Waveguide lasers, i.e. whereby the dimensions of the waveguide are of the order of the light wavelength
- H01S3/067—Fibre lasers
- H01S3/06708—Constructional details of the fibre, e.g. compositions, cross-section, shape or tapering
- H01S3/06716—Fibre compositions or doping with active elements
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/11—Mode locking; Q-switching; Other giant-pulse techniques, e.g. cavity dumping
- H01S3/1106—Mode locking
- H01S3/1112—Passive mode locking
- H01S3/1115—Passive mode locking using intracavity saturable absorbers
- H01S3/1118—Semiconductor saturable absorbers, e.g. semiconductor saturable absorber mirrors [SESAMs]; Solid-state saturable absorbers, e.g. carbon nanotube [CNT] based
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Abstract
The present invention provides the fiber laser systems that a kind of achievable base rank and the second harmonic mode locking can be switched, using the full polarization fibre mode-locking technique based on reflective graphene saturated absorption mirror, using full polarization fibre resonant cavity；Full polarization fibre resonant cavity can avoid fiber birefringence variation caused by external force (pressure, bending etc.) in environment and cause mode-locked laser unstable；Laser can be kept to be transmitted in intracavitary along polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis with single linear polarization, be more easy to realize mode locking pulse self-starting；The use of the elements such as Polarization Controller can be reduced, the advantages such as cavity loss are reduced.The reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror, using 5 layers or more graphenes as saturable absorber, the modulation depth of graphene increases with the number of plies and is increased, and obtains base rank mode locking pulse in pump power 79mW to 102mW, second order mode locking pulse is obtained when reaching 108mW.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of graphene passive mode-locking fiber lasers, belong to laser technology field.
Background technology
Pulse optical fiber has compact-sized, stability height, transformation efficiency height, beam quality as light-pulse generator
Good, easy care and the advantages such as at low cost, in industrial processes, medical treatment, the fields such as communication are with a wide range of applications.It is particularly based on
The ultrashort pulse research of optical fiber mode-locking technique has a high potential in retrofit, Fibre Optical Sensor, the fields such as precision optics measurement.At present
The main mode-locked fiber lasers technology reported includes nonlinear polarization rotation (nonlinear polarization
Evolution, NPR) mode locking, nonlinear fiber loop mirror (nonlinear optical loop mirrors, NOLM) mode locking, half
Conductor saturable absorbing mirror (semiconductor saturable absorber mirror, SESAM) mode locking and single wall carbon
Nanotube (single-walled carbon nanotubes, SWNT) mode locking etc..NPR is in laser with the shortcomings that NOLM technologies
The elements such as the polarizer and Polarization Controller that intracavitary is added result in intracavitary and are more lost.SESAM makes and packaging technology is complicated,
Expensive and saturable absorption spectral limit is relatively narrow.SWNT is because its effect wavelength is related to its tube diameters size, to wavelength
With selectivity, to limit its application.
Graphene is special with its unique nonlinear optical properties and outstanding saturable absorption since 2004 come out
Property and obtain more and more concerns.Its unique linear band structure, can make its very wide spectral region (300~
3000nm) realize non-linear saturated absorption；In addition, graphene also has higher modulation depth, high damage threshold, ultrafast
Recovery time, it is cheap, be easy to make the advantages that.So the light modulation techniques based on graphene have become pulse fiber
The research hotspot of laser.
2009, Nanyang Technolohy University Bao etc. realized pulse width using graphene as saturable absorber for the first time and is
756fs, repetition rate 1.79MHz, the er-doped mode-locked fiber lasers that centre wavelength is 1565nm export.2010, Cambridge was big
Learn Sun etc. and saturable absorber be used as using graphene, be added bandpass filter in transit chamber, acquisition centre wavelength 1525~
Tunable soliton pulse output between 1559nm.2013, Feng German army of Shandong University etc. was inhaled using few layer graphene saturable
Acceptor realizes optical maser wavelength 1557 in annular chamber by changing the length of the air chamber between two fiber moveable joints
Continuously adjustable pulse exports within the scope of~1561nm.2014, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University He etc. was based on graphene and realizes pyrometric cone light
Fine evanscent field mode locking, the polarization state by changing intracavitary realize tunable output of the pulse width in 2.32~9.24ps.
2015, Wroclaw University of Science and Technology Jaroslaw etc. was using 60 layer graphenes as saturable absorber combination dispersion compensation light
Fibre realizes the mode-locked laser that pulse width is 88fs and exports.The same year, Cambridge University Purdie etc. can based on transmission-type graphene
Saturated absorbing body realizes the output of all optical fibre structure mode-locked laser, and transit chamber external compression obtains the ultrashort arteries and veins of pulse width 29fs
Punching.But these graphene saturated absorbing body passive mode-locking fiber lasers are easy, this meaning unstable by the variation of environment
It is more sensitive to changing caused by such as notable temperature change and this kind of outside of mechanical disturbance them, this will influence optical fiber
Birefringent characteristic, cause mode-locked laser stability reduction.
Therefore, it is necessary to a kind of full polarization fibre mode-locking technique that can effectively realize tunable pulse output, it can be achieved that
The fiber laser system that base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking.
Invention content
The present invention provides a kind of fiber laser system that achievable base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking, using based on anti-
Penetrate the full polarization fibre mode-locking technique of formula graphene saturated absorption mirror, including the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance, all risk insurance are inclined
Erbium doped fiber laser includes 1m panda type polarization-maintainings Er-doped fiber, 980/1550 polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, the suction of graphene saturable
Receive mirror, 30% output polarization-maintaining coupler, polarization-maintaining circulator and 976nm laser diodes；The inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance
Using full polarization fibre resonant cavity.
The polarization maintaining optical fibre and polarization-maintaining device are precisely aligned by Fujikura optical fiber splicers (FSM-100) along slow axis molten
It connects.
The absorption coefficient of the polarization-maintaining Er-doped fiber (Nufern companies, PM-ESF-7/125) at 976nm is about 24dB/
M, the group velocity dispersion (group velocity dispersion, GVD) with about -0.02ps2/m at 1550nm wavelength.
The polarization-maintaining circulator have higher isolation (~50dB), may be implemented laser intracavitary one-way transmission,
And ten layer graphene saturable absorbing mirrors can be effectively linked into full polarization fibre resonant cavity；The full polarization fibre resonant cavity
Total chamber length is about 6.5m, and total group velocity dispersion is about -0.13ps2.
The fiber laser system be 976nm laser diodes (Laser Diode, LD) by being exported with single-mode tail fiber into
Row backward pumping.
The fiber laser system uses reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror, common based on transmission compared at present
The full polarization fibre laser of formula structure graphite alkene mode locking has more flexible adjusting space, is convenient for endovenous laser gain and damage
The adjusting of consumption.
The full polarization fibre resonant cavity, which can avoid fiber birefringence caused by external force (pressure, bending etc.) in environment, to be changed
Cause mode-locked laser unstable；Laser can be kept to be transmitted in intracavitary along polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis with single linear polarization, be more easy to reality
Existing mode locking pulse self-starting；The use of the elements such as Polarization Controller can be reduced, the advantages such as cavity loss are reduced.
The reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror, using 5 layers or more graphenes as saturable absorber, graphene
Modulation depth with the number of plies increase and increase, cannot be generated in the case where modulation depth is inadequate second order mode locking output；It is pumping
Power 79mW to 102mW obtains base rank mode locking pulse, obtains second order mode locking pulse when reaching 108mW, realizes unbiased
It shakes in the case of adjusting, only relies on adjusting pump power and realize that base rank mode locking and the single linear polarization of the changeable output of second order mode locking fly
Second laser light source.
It should be appreciated that aforementioned description substantially and follow-up description in detail are exemplary illustration and explanation, it should not
As the limitation to the claimed content of the present invention.
Description of the drawings
With reference to the attached drawing of accompanying, the more purposes of the present invention, function and advantage are by the as follows of embodiment through the invention
Description is illustrated, wherein：
Fig. 1 is that the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance based on reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror mode locking shows in the present invention
It is intended to, wherein 101 be that 1m panda type polarization-maintainings Er-doped fiber 101,102 is 980/1550 polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, 103 is graphene
Saturable absorbing mirror, 104 be 30% output polarization-maintaining coupler, 105 be polarization-maintaining circulator, 106 be 976nm laser diodes.
Fig. 2 schematically shows graphene saturable absorbing mirror mode locking pulse sequence, indicates the pulse of the base rank mode locking obtained
Signal, be convenient for and second order mode locking compare.)
Fig. 3 schematically shows the autocorrelation trace of graphene saturable absorbing mirror mode-locked laser.
Fig. 4 schematically shows the frequency spectrum of ten layer graphene saturable absorbing mirror mode-locked lasers.
Fig. 5 schematically shows the second harmonic mode-locked laser：Fig. 5 (a) pulse trains, Fig. 5 (b) frequency spectrums, Fig. 5 (c) is from phase
Close track, Fig. 5 (d) spectrum.
Specific implementation mode
By reference to exemplary embodiment, the purpose of the present invention and function and the side for realizing these purposes and function
Method will be illustrated.However, the present invention is not limited to exemplary embodiment as disclosed below；Can by different form come
It is realized.The essence of specification is only to aid in the detail of the various equivalent modifications Integrated Understanding present invention.
Hereinafter, the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.In the accompanying drawings, identical reference numeral represents identical
Or similar component or same or like step.
As shown in Figure 1, the present invention provides a kind of fiber laser system that achievable base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking,
Including the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance, the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance include 1m panda type polarization-maintainings Er-doped fiber 101,
980/1550 polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer 102, graphene saturable absorbing mirror 103,30% export polarization-maintaining coupler 104, polarization-maintaining ring
Shape device 105 and 976nm laser diodes 106, the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance use full polarization fibre resonant cavity.
The polarization maintaining optical fibre and polarization-maintaining device are precisely aligned by Fujikura optical fiber splicers (FSM-100) along slow axis molten
It connects.
The inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance is by the 106 (Laser of 976nm laser diodes that is exported with single-mode tail fiber
Diode, LD) carry out backward pumping.
Absorption system of the 1m panda types polarization-maintaining Er-doped fiber 101 (Nufern companies, PM-ESF-7/125) at 976nm
Number is about 24dB/m, group velocity dispersion (the group velocity with about -0.02ps2/m at 1550nm wavelength
Dispersion, GVD).Laser may be implemented in intracavitary because having higher isolation (~50dB) in polarization-maintaining circulator 105
One-way transmission, and ten layer graphene saturable absorbing mirrors can be effectively linked into full polarization fibre resonant cavity.The all risk insurance is inclined
The total chamber length of fiber resonance cavity is about 6.5m, and total group velocity dispersion is about -0.13ps2.
The graphene preparation method used in the present invention is as follows：
It is deposited on copper foil slide glass by chemical vapor deposition (chemical vapor deposition, CVD) method；
Using low temperature shift method, successively it is transferred to using PMMA Polymer Solutions on the golden speculum of protection, makes graphene
It is come into full contact with speculum, avoids generating bubble；
PMMA is dissolved using acetone and is removed.
The single-layer or multi-layer graphene saturated absorption mirror 103 of high quality can be obtained using the method.Following experimental result is equal
It is obtained as saturable absorber based on ten layer graphenes.
The reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror 103 using accurate ten layer graphene as saturable absorber,
Pump power 79mW to 102mW obtains base rank mode locking pulse, and second order mode locking pulse, graphene are obtained when reaching 108mW
Saturable absorbing mirror 103 may be implemented in mode-locked laser at centre wavelength 1557.57nm and export；When pump power reaches 79mW,
It adjusts 103 angle of graphene saturable absorbing mirror and is fixed, obtain stable mode locking pulse output, 3dB spectrum widths are
4.60nm。
When pump power is 102mW, 3dB spectrum widths are 6.61nm, mean power 3.634mW, corresponding single pulse energy
Amount is 0.12nJ, and the width for exporting pulse is about 502fs, peak power 202.4W, as shown in Figure 3；Based on ten layer graphenes
Mode locking pulse fundamental frequency be 31.4687MHz；The signal-to-noise ratio (signal noise ratio, SNR) of laser is more than 75dB, says
Bright laser is in the mode-lock status of high stable, as shown in Figure 4；Meanwhile output laser is had studied by extinction ratio tester
Degree of polarization.As a result, it has been found that the polarization extinction ratio for exporting mode-locked laser is more than 18.0dB.
When pump power rises to 108mW, the second order that 15.95ns is divided between adjacent pulse can be observed by oscillograph
Harmonic mode locking pulse train, as shown in Fig. 5 (a).This is because a soliton pulses are split into two adjacent close light orphans
Subpulse, then due to the interaction of two soliton pulses so that light pulse redistributes and then stable equal arteries and veins occurs
Rush the second harmonic mode-locked laser of spacing.Fig. 5 (b) be the second harmonic mode locking pulse frequency spectrum, repetition rate 62.94MHz,
SNR is more than 54dB, shows system stable operation.Fig. 5 (c) is the pulse autocorrelation signal of autocorrelation function analyzer acquisition, and pulse width is
852fs.Fig. 5 (d) is the spectrum of the second harmonic mode locking, and 3dB spectrum widths are 3.61nm.
Reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror is used in the present invention, and base rank is obtained in pump power 79mW to 102mW
Mode locking pulse obtains second order mode locking pulse when reaching 108mW, in the case of realizing that no polarization is adjusted, only relies on adjusting pumping
Power realizes the single linear polarization femtosecond laser light source of base rank mode locking and the changeable output of second order mode locking.
Full polarization fibre resonant cavity is used in the present invention, can avoid optical fiber caused by external force (pressure, bending etc.) in environment
Birefringence variation causes mode-locked laser unstable；Laser can be kept to be passed in intracavitary along polarization maintaining optical fibre slow axis with single linear polarization
It is defeated, it is more easy to realize mode locking pulse self-starting；The use of the elements such as Polarization Controller can be reduced, the advantages such as cavity loss are reduced.
Explanation in conjunction with the present invention disclosed here and practice, the other embodiment of the present invention is for those skilled in the art
It all will be readily apparent and understand.Illustrate and embodiment is regarded only as being exemplary, true scope of the invention and purport are equal
It is defined in the claims.
Claims (2)
1. the fiber laser system that a kind of achievable base rank can be switched with the second harmonic mode locking, using full based on reflective graphene
With the full polarization fibre mode-locking technique of absorbing mirror, including the inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance, the inclined Erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance
Device includes 1m panda type polarization-maintainings Er-doped fiber, 980/1550 polarization-maintaining wavelength division multiplexer, graphene saturable absorbing mirror, 30% output
Polarization-maintaining coupler, polarization-maintaining circulator and 976nm laser diodes；The inclined erbium doped fiber laser of all risk insurance is fine using full polarization
Resonant cavity；
The polarization maintaining optical fibre and polarization-maintaining device precisely align welding by Fujikura optical fiber splicers along slow axis；
Absorption coefficient of the 1m panda types polarization-maintaining Er-doped fiber at 976nm is about 24dB/m, is had at 1550nm wavelength
About -0.02ps2The group velocity dispersion of/m；
The isolation of the polarization-maintaining circulator is 50dB so that laser, and can 10 layer graphenes in the one-way transmission of intracavitary
Saturated absorption mirror is effectively linked into full polarization fibre resonant cavity；The total chamber length of full polarization fibre resonant cavity is about 6.5m, always
Group velocity dispersion is about -0.13ps2；
The fiber laser system is to carry out backward pumping by the 976nm laser diodes exported with single-mode tail fiber；
The fiber laser system uses reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror；
Reflective graphene saturable absorbing mirror uses at least five layer graphenes as saturable absorber, in pump power 79mW
Base rank mode locking pulse is obtained to 102mW, second order mode locking pulse is obtained when reaching 108mW.
2. fiber laser system as described in claim 1, wherein the graphene preparation method used is as follows：
By chemical vapor deposition on copper foil slide glass；
Using low temperature shift method, be successively transferred to using PMMA Polymer Solutions on the golden speculum of protection, make graphene with it is anti-
It penetrates mirror to come into full contact with, avoids generating bubble；
PMMA is dissolved using acetone and is removed；
To obtain the single-layer or multi-layer graphene saturated absorption mirror of high quality.
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| CN107800035A (en) * | 2017-11-14 | 2018-03-13 | 北京信息科技大学 | A kind of changeable mode-locked fiber lasers device of wavelength |
| CN110631807B (en) * | 2019-09-18 | 2021-03-02 | 中国科学院国家授时中心 | Mode-locked laser state detection device and method based on optical resonant cavity |
| CN115117724A (en) * | 2022-07-26 | 2022-09-27 | 广东工业大学 | Saturable absorber palladium diselenide composite material, preparation method thereof and passive mode-locked laser |
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| CN104037601A (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2014-09-10 | 南京诺派激光技术有限公司 | Adjustable saturable absorbing device, production method of adjustable saturable absorbing device and application of adjustable saturable absorbing device in time domain output mode adjustable optical fiber pulse laser device |
| CN104518419B (en) * | 2015-01-28 | 2018-03-13 | 湖南科瑞特科技股份有限公司 | A kind of laser with active-passive lock mould |
| CN105720467B (en) * | 2016-05-06 | 2018-06-15 | 重庆邮电大学 | A kind of inclined mixed mode-locking ultrashort pulse fiber laser of 2 micron waveband all risk insurances |
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