CN106443808A - High-precision electronic gravimeter suitable for geological exploration - Google Patents
High-precision electronic gravimeter suitable for geological exploration Download PDFInfo
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- CN106443808A CN106443808A CN201610305130.5A CN201610305130A CN106443808A CN 106443808 A CN106443808 A CN 106443808A CN 201610305130 A CN201610305130 A CN 201610305130A CN 106443808 A CN106443808 A CN 106443808A
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- temperature
- inclination angle
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V7/00—Measuring gravitational fields or waves; Gravimetric prospecting or detecting
- G01V7/02—Details
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V13/00—Manufacturing, calibrating, cleaning, or repairing instruments or devices covered by groups G01V1/00 – G01V11/00
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of geological exploration and especially relates to a high-precision electronic gravimeter suitable for geological exploration. The gravimeter comprises a body, a temperature control system, a data conversion and acquisition system and an inclination angle measurement and correction system, wherein the temperature control system, the data conversion and acquisition system and the inclination angle measurement and correction system are arranged in the body. Temperatures in constant-temperature chambers are more meticulously and accurately controlled and are enabled to be uniformly distributed by use of the temperature control system so that it is ensured that a quartz sensor can work in a stable constant-temperature environment; by use of the data conversion and acquisition system, minimal gravity change can be detected in a high-sensitivity and high-resolution mode so that high-precision gravity measurement of the gravimeter is guaranteed; and by use of the inclination angle measurement and correction system, when the angle of the gravimeter is inclined, the size of an inclination angle can be accurately measured in a high-precision mode so that angle adjustment can be timely performed on the gravimeter.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to geological exploration field, especially a kind of high-precision electronic gravimeter being applied to geological exploration.
Background technology
Gravimeter is used to measure the instrument of acceleration of gravity, can be divided into absolute gravimeter and relative gravity instrument two class,
The former is used for measuring the absolute gravity accekeration of a bit, and the absolute gravity acceleration that the latter is used for measuring at 2 points is poor.Due to weight
Power instrument has higher sensitivity can be experienced and small Gravity changer, can be widely used for the measurement of earth gravitational field, solid
In the item work such as tide observation, crust deformation measurement, and gravimetric prospecting.Quartz transducer within existing gravimeter is warm to external world
Degree is very sensitive just can normally to measure small Gravity changer it is necessary to ensure under high-precision isoperibol, but existing heavy
Power instrument be Purely mechanical, influenced by ambient temperature than larger；Meanwhile, when carrying out geological exploration, need to carry out high accuracy
Gravity measurement, Measurement Resolution very high it is necessary to reach 10-6More than gal could meet the requirement of high-acruracy survey, existing
Gravimeter structure is simply it is impossible to reach higher certainty of measurement；In addition, when carrying out geological exploration it is desirable to by gravimeter position
It is accurately adjusted to horizontality, accurately indicates angle of inclination, dip resolution requires to reach 1 rad, existing gravimeter
Above-mentioned requirements cannot be met.In a word, domestic carry out during geological exploration, gravimeter temperature being precisely controlled, gravimeter inclination angle is accurately surveyed
Amount and the accurate system of data that gravimeter is measured still do not have now.
In view of this, the special proposition present invention.
Content of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of temperature control being applied to geological exploration, measurement of dip angle, the high accurately electronics weight of data acquisition
Power instrument.
For solving above-mentioned technical problem, the present invention using the basic conception of technical scheme is：
A kind of high-precision electronic gravimeter being applied to geological exploration, including body, temperature-controlling system, data conversion and collection
System and measurement of dip angle and correction system, described temperature-controlling system, data conversion and acquisition system and measurement of dip angle and correction system
It is placed in this internal.
Further, described temperature-controlling system includes outer temperature-controlling system, temp system and shielding system, wherein, described interior
Temperature-controlling system is placed in described outer temperature-controlling system, and described shielding system is located between outer temperature-controlling system and temp system；
Described outer temperature-controlling system include the first thermostatical storehouse, the second thermostatical storehouse, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse, first control circuit, second
Control circuit and the 3rd control circuit, the first thermostatical storehouse is connected with first control circuit, the second thermostatical storehouse and second control circuit
Connect, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse is connected with the 3rd control circuit, and described first thermostatical storehouse, the second thermostatical storehouse, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse are respectively
The top surface of outer temperature-controlling system, side and bottom surface；
Described temp system includes the 4th thermostatical storehouse and the 4th control circuit, and the 4th thermostatical storehouse and the 4th control circuit are even
Connect.
Further, described first thermostatical storehouse is by the first temperature-constant bucket, the first insulation material, the first heating film and the first temperature-sensitive
Resistance forms, and described first critesistor is fixed on the first temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the first heating film is fixed on the first temperature-sensitive
The surrounding of the first temperature-constant bucket outer wall of resistance, is fixed with the first insulation material in the first heating film surrounding.
Further, described second thermostatical storehouse is by the second temperature-constant bucket, the second insulation material, the second heating film and the second temperature-sensitive
Resistance forms, and described second critesistor is fixed on the second temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the second heating film is fixed on the second temperature-sensitive
The surrounding of the second temperature-constant bucket outer wall of resistance, is fixed with the second insulation material in the second heating film surrounding.
Further, described 3rd thermostatical storehouse is by the 3rd temperature-constant bucket, the 3rd insulation material, the 3rd heating film and the 3rd temperature-sensitive
Resistance forms, and described 3rd critesistor is fixed on the 3rd temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the 3rd heating film is fixed on the 3rd temperature-sensitive
The surrounding of the 3rd temperature-constant bucket outer wall of resistance, is fixed with the 3rd insulation material in the 3rd heating film surrounding.
Further, described 4th thermostatical storehouse is by the 4th temperature-constant bucket, the 4th insulation material, the 4th heating film and the 4th temperature-sensitive
Resistance forms, and described 4th critesistor is fixed on the 4th temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the 4th heating film is fixed on the 4th temperature-sensitive
The surrounding of the 4th temperature-constant bucket outer wall of resistance, is fixed with the 4th insulation material in the 4th heating film surrounding.
Further, described first control circuit includes being connected in series the first precision type bridge circuit, the first amplifying circuit,
First comparator and first switch circuit.
Further, described second control circuit includes being connected in series the second precision type bridge circuit, the second amplifying circuit,
Second comparator and second switch circuit.
Further, described 3rd control circuit includes the 3rd precision type bridge circuit, the 3rd amplification electricity being connected in series
Road, the 3rd comparator and the 3rd on-off circuit.
Further, described 4th control circuit includes the 4th precision type bridge circuit, one-level amplifying circuit, two grades of amplification electricity
Road, PID control circuit and the 4th on-off circuit.
Further, described first critesistor, the second critesistor, the 3rd critesistor, the 4th critesistor be at least
For 1.
Further, described data conversion and acquisition system include signal attenuator, input buffer, Differential Input buffering
Device, analog-digital converter, voltage-reference and signal picker, the outfan of described signal attenuator connects described input buffer
Input, the outfan of described input buffer connects the input of differential input buffer, described differential input buffer
Outfan connect the input of analog-digital converter, the outfan of described analog-digital converter connects the input of signal picker；
Described voltage-reference is connected to analog-digital converter input.
The signal amplitude obtaining after signal attenuator decay reduces；The signal that amplitude reduces enters input buffer impedance
Signal Matching, stops the loss of signal；It is converted into 2 after input buffer signal out enters differential input buffer to have
Differential wave；Enter AD converter from differential input buffer differential wave out, pressure signal is changed into computer can
The digital signal of identification；Digital signal carries out subsequent treatment after being collected into signal picker.
Further, the circuit of described signal attenuator includes operational amplifier.
Further, the amplitude after the decay of described signal attenuator is 0～5V.
Gravity sensor output signal is direct current signal, and output amplitude scope is ± 18V, and so high voltage signal can not
It is directly inputted to AD converter it is necessary to 0～5V is decayed to by attenuator circuit general ± 18V, by AD converter by the mould of 0～5V
Intend signal and be converted into digital quantity, be sent to computer and carry out subsequent treatment.
Further, adopt AD8675 in the circuit of described input buffer as buffer amplifier.
In order to allow analog-digital converter reach high precision, the key factor that during selection buffer amplifier, needs consider is：Suitable
When bandwidth, Slew Rate, VP-P output, low noise, low distortion and low imbalance.Alap buffer amplifier noise should be kept
SNR well below ADC.The general disturbance error of amplifier, including drift, all should be less than required in whole temperature range
Trueness error.Based on considerations above, meticulously have selected AD8675 as buffer amplifier.
Further, adopt LT1368 operational amplifier in the circuit of described differential input buffer, LT1368 has relatively
High common mode rejection ratio, extremely low input offset voltage, double followers are used as the differential input buffer of ADC, Ke Yiyou
Effect eliminates the impact of offset voltage.
Further, described analog-digital converter is 24 analog-digital converters.
Preferably, described analog-digital converter is LTC2445AD, and this transducer has the linearity of 2ppm, and 24 no leak code；
The full scale gain error of 2.5ppm, the offset error of 0.1ppm, the superior direct-current performance such as noise of 0.16ppm and good low noise
Sound characteristicses；The input circuit bufferless of this transducer, input voltage can exceed 12.5%, Ke Yifang of reference voltage range
Just solve the problems, such as to outrange the measurement with negative voltage；The maximum feature compared with other transducers of this transducer is monocycle zero point
Transparent with full scale calibration, it is not required to the automatic calibration that user program participates in ADC, using extremely convenient.Additionally, this transducer has
SPI digital interface.
Binding signal input interface circuit, the external differential buffers of input circuit of transducer, constitute 24,8 passage high-precision
Degree adc data acquisition system.
Further, described voltage-reference is divided into+5V reference voltage and+2.5V reference voltage.
Further, described voltage-reference adopts MAX6350 chip, and MAX6350 has ultra-low temperature drift coefficient, such as
1ppm/ DEG C, extremely low noise level, 1.5 μ Vp-p (0.1Hz～10Hz)；Long-time stability reaches 30ppm/1000hr.
Further, there is inside described signal picker the higher integrated oscillator clock of precision, outside is not required to any
Frequency adjustment element, internal quadravalence digital notch filter has the decay energy of minimum 87dB to the signal of 50Hz/60Hz
Power.
Further, described measurement of dip angle and correction system include encouraging source circuit, the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit,
Second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit, the first phase-sensitive detection circuit, the second phase-sensitive detection circuit, the first signal amplification circuit,
Binary signal amplifying circuit, the first low-pass filter circuit and the second low-pass filter circuit；
Described excitation source circuit produces the first square-wave signal and the second square-wave signal；Described first square wave signal input is to
One single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit, the second square wave signal input is to the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit；From the first single shaft inclination angle
Sensor circuit signal out enters into the first phase-sensitive detection circuit, from the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit signal out
Enter into the second phase-sensitive detection circuit；Enter the first signal from the first phase-sensitive detection circuit DC signal out and amplify electricity
Road, enters secondary signal amplifying circuit from the second phase-sensitive detection circuit DC signal out；From the first signal amplification circuit
Signal out enters the first low-pass filter circuit, enters the second low-pass filtering from secondary signal amplifying circuit signal out
Circuit, the signal of phase-sensitive detection circuit output yet suffers from the sawtooth ladder of 244hz after amplifying circuit, passive using single order
After low-pass filtering, become pure direct current signal.
Further, described first single-shaft inclination angle sensor and the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor are electrolyte inclination angle sensing
Device.
Electrolyte obliquity sensor has the features such as sensitivity height, small volume, corrosion-resistant, humidity, but temperature change meeting
Affect its operating characteristic；The present invention's is RG-33T type obliquity sensor, and RG-33T type obliquity sensor is a kind of hydra-swing
Electrolyte obliquity sensor, measurement range is -0.5 °～+0.5 °, and resolution is 0.2 ", repeatable accuracy is 0.0008 °, and the time is normal
Number is 0.2s (under 20 DEG C of ambient temperatures).
Electrolyte type obliquity sensor can be divided into single shaft and twin shaft, and what the present invention selected is single-shaft inclination angle sensor.Single shaft
Obliquity sensor has three pins, draws from the vial of sealing.One is left in the vial fill electrolyte solution
Bubble, makes resistance change and produces " liquid pendulum " at inclination angle when device tilts seasonal epidemic pathogens motion of steeping oneself-meeting, similar to mechanical type
The glass blister of horizon rule, can Electrolyte type obliquity sensor be called also therefore " Electronic bubble ".When single-shaft inclination angle sensor is micro-
Low dip, electrolytic liquid flows, and under gravity, electrolytic liquid surface keeps level.Single-shaft inclination angle sensor phase
When in a linear potentiometer R, changing single-shaft inclination angle sensor angle of inclination, be equivalent to the centre tap of slide potentiometer, two
Resistance R1, the R2 at end occurs relatively to change, resistance change proportional to inclination angle.And the inclination angle that single-shaft inclination angle sensor can measure
Scope is the function of electrolyte volume, electrode spacing and electrode length.
Further, the dutycycle of described first square-wave signal and the second square-wave signal is 1:1, and frequency is identical, amplitude
Equal, opposite in phase.
Further, the frequency of described first square-wave signal and the frequency of the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor match, and second
The frequency of square-wave signal is matched with the frequency of the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor.
Preferably, the frequency of described first square-wave signal and the second square-wave signal is 244Hz, and amplitude is 0.714V.
For different types of Electrolyte type obliquity sensor, encourage the square wave frequency that source circuit produces can differ, in the present invention
The square wave frequency that excitation source circuit produces elects 244Hz as.
Further, described excitation source circuit occurs circuit and pumping signal drive circuit to form by driving source；Driving source
Occur circuit be made up of voltage reference circuit and chopper circuit, pumping signal drive circuit by two operational amplifiers form with
With device composition.There is the two-way square-wave signal that circuit produces in driving source, through two follower conducts being made up of operational amplifier
Drive circuit, to improve driving source driving force.
Due to the characteristic of Electrolyte type obliquity sensor electrolyte, DC current can cause the chemical reaction of electrolyte,
Termination fruit makes electrolyte lose electric conductivity, and sensor is caused with irreversible damage, so in order to prevent sending out of cell reaction
Raw, the signal passing to sensor can not be necessary for alternating current containing direct current, adds the equal friendship of amplitude between two electrodes
Stream voltage, can form ion current between electrode.
Further, described first phase-sensitive detection circuit and the second phase-sensitive detection circuit are all by electronic switching circuit and phase
Quick cymoscope composition.Electronic switching circuit is used for controlling phase-sensitive detector, when electronic switching circuit is in "off" state, phase
Quick cymoscope is reverse operational amplifier, and input is reverse with output signal；When electronic switching circuit is in " on " state, phase
Quick cymoscope is operational amplifier in the same direction, and input is with output signal in the same direction.
After technique scheme, the present invention compared with prior art has the advantages that：Present invention employs
Electronic control mode is realizing the temperature to gravimeter, measurement data, being precisely controlled of inclination angle, specific as follows：
(1) present invention greatly reduces the change of ambient temperature using double-deck constant temperature structure, and it is single that outer temperature control passes through three tunnels
Temperature-adjusting circuit controls, and more finely accurately controls the temperature in thermostatical storehouse so that it is uniformly distributed, temp is further through PID simultaneously
Circuit can be fine control and regulation reach high-accuracy and constant temp effect, thus ensureing that quartz transducer can be stable
Work in isoperibol；
(2) present invention adopts data conversion can be measured small gravity and be become with high sensitivity, high-resolution with acquisition system
Change it is ensured that the high-precision gravity measurement of gravimeter；
(3) measurement of dip angle of the present invention and correction system, when the angle run-off the straight of gravimeter, Neng Gouzhun are adopted
True, the high-precision size measuring inclination angle, thus carry out angle adjustment to gravimeter in time.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the constant temperature system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the outer temperature control system structure diagram of constant temperature system；
Fig. 4 is the temp system structure diagram of constant temperature system；
Fig. 5 is data conversion and the acquisition system structural representation of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram of data conversion and the attenuator of acquisition system signal；
Fig. 7 is the circuit diagram of data conversion and the input buffer of acquisition system signal；
Fig. 8 is the circuit diagram of data conversion and the voltage-reference of acquisition system signal；
Fig. 9 is the circuit of data conversion and the differential input buffer of acquisition system signal；
Figure 10 is the circuit of data conversion and the signal picker of acquisition system signal；
Figure 11 is measurement of dip angle and the correction system structure diagram of the present invention；
Figure 12 is the square wave schematic diagram that measurement of dip angle and correction system produce；
Figure 13 is measurement of dip angle and the driving source electrical block diagram of correction system；
Figure 14 is measurement of dip angle and the first phase-sensitive detection circuit structural representation of correction system；
Figure 15 is measurement of dip angle and the signal amplification circuit structural representation of correction system；
Figure 16 is measurement of dip angle and the low-pass filter circuit structural representation of correction system.
1st, temperature-controlling system；2nd, data conversion and acquisition system；3rd, measurement of dip angle and correction system；4- body；11st, outer temperature control
System；12nd, temp system；13rd, shielding system；111 first thermostatical storehouses；112 second thermostatical storehouses；113 the 3rd thermostatical storehouses；121、
4th thermostatical storehouse；21st, signal attenuator；22nd, input buffer；23rd, differential input buffer；24th, 24 bit A/D converter；25、
Signal picker；26th, voltage-reference；31st, encourage source circuit；32nd, the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit；33rd, the second single shaft
Obliquity sensor circuit；34th, the first phase-sensitive detection circuit；35th, the second phase-sensitive detection circuit；36th, the first signal amplification circuit；
37th, secondary signal amplifying circuit；38 first low-pass filter circuits；39 second low-pass filter circuits
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiments and the drawings, explanation is further explained to the present invention.
A kind of high-precision electronic gravimeter being applied to geological exploration, including body 4, temperature-controlling system 1, data conversion and adopt
Collecting system 2 and measurement of dip angle and correction system 3, described temperature-controlling system 1, data conversion and acquisition system 2 and measurement of dip angle and school
Positive system 3 is placed in body 4.
A kind of temperature-controlling system being applied to gravimeter, including outer temperature-controlling system 11, temp system 12 and shielding system 13,
Wherein, described temp system 12 is placed in described outer temperature-controlling system 11, described shielding system 13 be located at outer temperature-controlling system 11 with
Between temp system 12；
Described outer temperature-controlling system 1 includes the first thermostatical storehouse 111, the second thermostatical storehouse 112, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse the 113, first control
Circuit, second control circuit and the 3rd control circuit, the first thermostatical storehouse 111 is connected with first control circuit, the second thermostatical storehouse 112
It is connected with second control circuit, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse 113 is connected with the 3rd control circuit, described first thermostatical storehouse 111, the second constant temperature
Storehouse 112, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse 113 are respectively top surface, side and the bottom surface of outer temperature-controlling system, in general, the first thermostatical storehouse 111,
Second thermostatical storehouse 112, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse 113 are top surface, side and the bottom surface of constant temperature Aluminum Drum, uneven due to Temperature Distribution,
So the temperature at each position all differs, therefore consistent in order to ensure temperature, need to adjust the temperature of different piece in time；
Described temp system 12 includes the 4th thermostatical storehouse 121 and the 4th control circuit, the 4th thermostatical storehouse 121 and the 4th control
Circuit processed connects.
In the present embodiment, described first thermostatical storehouse 111 by the first temperature-constant bucket, the first insulation material, the first heating film and
First critesistor composition, described first critesistor is fixed on the first temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the first heating film is fixed on and carries
The surrounding of the first temperature-constant bucket outer wall of the first critesistor, is fixed with the first insulation material in the first heating film surrounding.Due to aluminum
Material is light, heat transfer efficiency is fast, our first-selected Aluminum Drums of therefore described first temperature-constant bucket, and the first critesistor is used to sense first permanent
The temperature in warm storehouse 111, when the first thermostatical storehouse 111 is too high or too low, signal transmission all can be given first by the first critesistor
Control circuit, first control circuit can make corresponding adjustment according to practical situation, if temperature is low, can heat the first heating film and come
Rise high-temperature, if temperature is low, the intensification that can disconnect heating film connects.
Described second thermostatical storehouse 112 is by the second temperature-constant bucket, the second insulation material, the second heating film and the second critesistor group
Become, described second critesistor is fixed on the second temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the second heating film is fixed on the second critesistor
The surrounding of the second temperature-constant bucket outer wall, is fixed with the second insulation material in the second heating film surrounding, and the second insulation material is to protect
Card temperature will not spread quickly, ensures the second thermostatical storehouse 112 constant temperature as far as possible.
Described 3rd thermostatical storehouse 113 is by the 3rd temperature-constant bucket, the 3rd insulation material, the 3rd heating film and the 3rd critesistor group
Become, described 3rd critesistor is fixed on the 3rd temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the 3rd heating film is fixed on the 3rd critesistor
The surrounding of the 3rd temperature-constant bucket outer wall, is fixed with the 3rd insulation material in the 3rd heating film surrounding.
Described 4th thermostatical storehouse 121 is by the 4th temperature-constant bucket, the 4th insulation material, the 4th heating film and the 4th critesistor group
Become, described 4th critesistor is fixed on the 4th temperature-constant bucket outer wall, and the 4th heating film is fixed on the 4th critesistor
The surrounding of the 4th temperature-constant bucket outer wall, is fixed with the 4th insulation material in the 4th heating film surrounding.
The first precision type bridge circuit that described first control circuit includes being connected in series, the first amplifying circuit, first compare
Device and first switch circuit.
The second precision type bridge circuit that described second control circuit includes being connected in series, the second amplifying circuit, second compare
Device and second switch circuit.
The 3rd precision type bridge circuit that described 3rd control circuit includes being connected in series, the 3rd amplifying circuit, the 3rd compare
Device and the 3rd on-off circuit.
Described 4th control circuit includes the 4th precision type bridge circuit, one-level amplifying circuit, second amplifying circuit, PID control
Circuit processed and the 4th on-off circuit.
Described first critesistor, the second critesistor, the 3rd critesistor, the 4th critesistor at least 1.
Need statement be：Heretofore described critesistor is attached to temperature-constant bucket outer wall, afterwards on the outer wall of temperature-constant bucket
In viscous last layer heating film, wrap up in one layer of heat preservation material in the outside of heating film, typically select Merlon as insulation material.Institute
Some critesistor, temperature-constant bucket, insulation material, heating film connected mode all the same.
In the present invention, the working method of first control circuit is as follows：First precision type bridge circuit is used for receiving from the first perseverance
In warm storehouse 11, the temperature signal of the first critesistor, the signal receiving is amplified through the first amplifying circuit, compares by first
Compare compared with device, if temperature is too high, first switch circuit disconnects, the first critesistor stops the first thermostatical storehouse 11 is heated；As
Fruit temperature is too low, and first switch circuit connects, and the first critesistor starts the first thermostatical storehouse 11 is heated.Second control circuit,
The working method of the 3rd control circuit is identical with first control circuit.
The working method of the 4th control circuit is as follows：4th precision type bridge circuit is used for receiving from the 4th thermostatical storehouse 121
In the 4th critesistor temperature information, by the information receiving sequentially pass through one-level amplifying circuit, second amplifying circuit amplify,
Pass to PID control circuit, be ultimately transferred to the 4th on-off circuit, if temperature is too high, the 4th on-off circuit disconnects, the 4th heat
Quick resistance stops the 4th thermostatical storehouse 121 is heated；If temperature is too low, the 4th on-off circuit connects, and the 4th critesistor starts
4th thermostatical storehouse 121 is heated.
Described data conversion and acquisition system include signal attenuator 21, input buffer 22, differential input buffer 23,
24 bit A/D converters 24, voltage-reference 26 and signal picker 25, the outfan connection of described signal attenuator 21 is described defeated
Enter the input of buffer 22, the outfan of described input buffer 22 connects the input of differential input buffer 23, described
The outfan of differential input buffer 23 connects the input of 24 bit A/D converters 24, the outfan of described 24 bit A/D converters 24
Connect the input of signal picker 25；Described voltage-reference 26 is connected to 24 bit A/D converter 24 input, as Fig. 5 institute
Show.
Wherein, the circuit of described signal attenuator 1 is made up of U10, C1, C2, C3, R1, R2, R3, as shown in fig. 6, wherein
R3/R1=3/20；R3/R2=1/2；
The circuit of described input buffer 22 is made up of U11, C2, R4, R5, R6, as shown in Figure 7；
The circuit of described voltage-reference 26 is by the components and parts group such as U4, U5, RT1, RN1A, RN1B, C11, C12, C13, C14
Become, as shown in Figure 8；
The circuit of described differential input buffer 3 is made up of components and parts such as U2A, U2B, C3, C4, C5, as shown in Figure 9；
The circuit of described signal picker 25 is made up of components and parts such as U1, U2B, C3, C4, as shown in Figure 10.
A kind of measurement of dip angle and correction system, as shown in figure 11, described system includes encouraging source circuit 31, the first single shaft to incline
Angle transducer circuit 32, the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit 33, the first phase-sensitive detection circuit 34, the second phase-sensitive detection circuit
35th, the first signal amplification circuit 36, secondary signal amplifying circuit 37, the first low-pass filter circuit 38 and the second low-pass filter circuit
39；
Described excitation source circuit 1 produces the first square-wave signal a and the second square-wave signal a ', as shown in figure 12, the accounting for of square wave
Empty ratio is 1:1, frequency is 244HZ, and signal amplitude is 0.714V；Described first square-wave signal a is input to the first single shaft inclination angle and passes
Sensor circuit 32, the second square-wave signal a ' is input to the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit 33；From the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor
Circuit 32 signal out enters into the first phase-sensitive detection circuit 34, from the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit 33 signal out
Enter into the second phase-sensitive detection circuit 35；Enter the first signal from the first phase-sensitive detection circuit 34 DC signal out to amplify
Circuit 36, enters secondary signal amplifying circuit 37 from the second phase-sensitive detection circuit 35 DC signal out；From the first signal
Amplifying circuit 36 signal out enters the first low-pass filter circuit 38, enters from secondary signal amplifying circuit 337 signal out
Enter the second low-pass filter circuit 39.
Described excitation source circuit 31 occurs circuit and pumping signal drive circuit to form by driving source；There is electricity in driving source
Routing voltage reference circuit and chopper circuit composition, the follower group that pumping signal drive circuit is made up of two operational amplifiers
Become.Concrete structure is as shown in figure 13：
Driving source is formed by U17, U18, C34, C35, C36, R15, R16 circuit occurs, input the straight of 12v from C34, C35
Stream supplies electricity to U17, and the voltage after U17 is changed into 5v voltage, preferably MAX6350 as the model of U17, from U17 5v out
R15, R16 that DC voltage acts on through partial pressure, 5v DC voltage enters C36 filter capacitor, through C36 after becoming 0.714v
Filtering after enter U18, in U18 by the unidirectional current of 0.714v be transformed into amplitude be 0.714v alternating current；
Pumping signal drive circuit is formed by U19A, U19B, C26, driving source occurs the two-way square-wave signal that circuit produces
Respectively through obtaining the first square-wave signal a and the second square-wave signal a ' after U19A, U19B operational amplifier, as shown in figure 13.
Described first phase-sensitive detection circuit 34 forms identical, role also phase with the second phase-sensitive detection circuit 35 circuit
Same, illustrate taking the first phase-sensitive detection circuit 34 as a example.
Phase-sensitive detection circuit is that have the detecting circuit differentiating modulating signal phase and frequency-selecting ability.First phase sensitive detection electricity
Road 34 is mainly made up of two parts, as shown in figure 14, an electronic switching circuit being made up of U22, control phase-sensitive detector；Two
The phase-sensitive detector part being made up of U3C.When electronic switching circuit is in "off" state, phase-sensitive detector is reverse fortune
Calculate amplifier, input is reverse with output signal；When electronic switching circuit is in " on " state, phase-sensitive detector is to transport in the same direction
Calculate amplifier, input is with output signal in the same direction.
First signal amplification circuit 36 is made up of U15, U3D, C22, C23, C24, R12, R22, R23, R35 etc.；Second letter
Number amplifying circuit 7 is made up of U21, U4D, C25, C29, C31, R14, R21, R25, R27 etc..Wherein, described U15, U21 select
AD8429 instrument amplifier, AD8429 amplifies tiny signal, and AD8429 has high cmrr (CMRR), and CMRR is with gain
Improve and improve, as shown in figure 15, wherein, on figure, described survey X circuit refers to the first signal amplification circuit 36, surveys Y circuit
Refer to secondary signal amplifying circuit 37.
After phase sensitive detection output, there is the sawtooth ladder of 244Hz in signal, after single order passive low-pass filter, become pure
Direct current signal delivers to A/D arrival end.First low-pass filtering is formed by U3A, U3B, C13, C14, C15, C16, R9, R10, R11 etc.
Circuit；Second low-pass filter circuit is formed by U4A, U4B, C21, C28, C32, C33, R13, R24, R28 etc., as shown in figure 16.
The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention it is noted that ordinary skill people for the art
For member, under the premise without departing from the principles of the invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, these improvements and modifications also should
It is considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of high-precision electronic gravimeter being applied to geological exploration is it is characterised in that include body, temperature-controlling system, data
Conversion and acquisition system and measurement of dip angle and correction system, described temperature-controlling system, data conversion and acquisition system and measurement of dip angle
It is placed in this with correction system in vivo.
2. it is applied to the high-precision electronic gravimeter of geological exploration as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described temperature control system
System includes outer temperature-controlling system, temp system and shielding system, and wherein, described temp system is placed in described outer temperature-controlling system
Interior, described shielding system is located between outer temperature-controlling system and temp system；
Described outer temperature-controlling system includes the first thermostatical storehouse, the second thermostatical storehouse, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse, first control circuit, the second control
Circuit and the 3rd control circuit, the first thermostatical storehouse is connected with first control circuit, and the second thermostatical storehouse is connected with second control circuit,
3rd thermostatical storehouse is connected with the 3rd control circuit, and described first thermostatical storehouse, the second thermostatical storehouse, the 3rd thermostatical storehouse are respectively outer temperature control
The top surface of system, side and bottom surface；
Described temp system includes the 4th thermostatical storehouse and the 4th control circuit, and the 4th thermostatical storehouse is connected with the 4th control circuit.
3. it is applied to the high-precision electronic gravimeter of geological exploration as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described data turns
Change with acquisition system include signal attenuator, input buffer, differential input buffer, analog-digital converter, voltage-reference and
Signal picker, the outfan of described signal attenuator connects the input of described input buffer, described input buffer
Outfan connects the input of differential input buffer, and the outfan of described differential input buffer connects the defeated of analog-digital converter
Enter end, the outfan of described analog-digital converter connects the input of signal picker；Described voltage-reference is connected to modulus and turns
Parallel operation input.
4. it is applied to the high-precision electronic gravimeter of geological exploration as claimed in claim 3 it is characterised in that described signal declines
The circuit subtracting device includes operational amplifier.
5. the high accuracy data being applied to gravimeter as claimed in claim 3 is changed with acquisition system it is characterised in that passing through
Amplitude after described signal attenuator decay is 0～5V.
6. it is applied to the high accuracy data conversion of gravimeter as claimed in claim 3 with acquisition system it is characterised in that described
Signal picker includes integrated oscillator clock.
7. it is applied to the high-precision electronic gravimeter of geological exploration as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described inclination angle is surveyed
Amount with correction system include encourage source circuit, the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit, the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit, first
Phase-sensitive detection circuit, the second phase-sensitive detection circuit, the first signal amplification circuit, secondary signal amplifying circuit, the first low-pass filtering
Circuit and the second low-pass filter circuit；
Described excitation source circuit produces the first square-wave signal and the second square-wave signal；Described first square wave signal input is single to first
Axial rake sensor circuit, the second square wave signal input is to the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit；Sense from the first single shaft inclination angle
Device circuit signal out enters into the first phase-sensitive detection circuit, enters from the second single-shaft inclination angle sensor circuit signal out
To the second phase-sensitive detection circuit；Enter the first signal amplification circuit from the first phase-sensitive detection circuit DC signal out, from
Second phase-sensitive detection circuit DC signal out enters secondary signal amplifying circuit；From the first signal amplification circuit out
Signal enters the first low-pass filter circuit, enters the second low-pass filter circuit from secondary signal amplifying circuit signal out.
8. it is applied to the measurement of dip angle of gravimeter and correction system as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that described first party
The dutycycle of ripple signal and the second square-wave signal is 1:1, and frequency is identical, amplitude is equal, opposite in phase.
9. it is applied to the measurement of dip angle of gravimeter and correction system as claimed in claim 7 it is characterised in that described first party
The frequency of ripple signal is matched with the frequency of the first single-shaft inclination angle sensor, the frequency of the second square-wave signal and the second single shaft inclination angle
The frequency of sensor matches.
10. it is applied to the measurement of dip angle of gravimeter and correction system as claimed in claim 1 it is characterised in that described excitation
Source circuit occurs circuit and pumping signal drive circuit to form by driving source；Driving source occurs circuit by voltage reference circuit and to cut
Wave circuit forms, and pumping signal drive circuit is made up of the follower that two operational amplifiers form.
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| CN114779847A (en) * | 2022-06-20 | 2022-07-22 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | Constant temperature system of portable relative gravimeter |
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| CN106443808B (en) | 2019-03-05 |
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