CN106443673B - The building method of estimation of falling loss rate based on rotational domain polarization coherence property - Google Patents
The building method of estimation of falling loss rate based on rotational domain polarization coherence property Download PDFInfo
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
- G01S13/904—SAR modes
- G01S13/9076—Polarimetric features in SAR
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S13/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of radio waves, e.g. radar systems; Analogous systems using reflection or reradiation of waves whose nature or wavelength is irrelevant or unspecified
- G01S13/88—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications
- G01S13/89—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging
- G01S13/90—Radar or analogous systems specially adapted for specific applications for mapping or imaging using synthetic aperture techniques, e.g. synthetic aperture radar [SAR] techniques
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Abstract
The invention belongs to full-polarization SAR Imaging remote sensing technical fields, are related to a kind of full-polarization SAR building method of estimation of falling loss rate for the coherence property that polarizes based on rotational domain.It the described method comprises the following steps：The first step, polarization scattering matrix make rotation processing around polarization radar sight；Second step calculates the polarization coherence property sequence in rotational domain；Third walks, and calculates the relevant waviness of polarization；4th step calculates building polarization and falls to damage the factor；5th step, the building estimation of falling loss rate.The present invention realizes simply have good robustness to different building targets, and implement and be convenient to, can be directly used for handling the multidate full polarimetric SAR that various full-polarization SAR systems obtain.The present invention, which falls full-polarization SAR building to damage the application fields such as assessment, disaster reduction and prevention, important reference value.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to full-polarization SAR (Synthetic Aperture Radar, synthetic aperture radar) Imaging remote sensing skills
Art field is related to a kind of full-polarization SAR building method of estimation of falling loss rate for the coherence property that polarizes based on rotational domain.
Background technology
In recent years, the natural calamities such as earthquake with larger destructive power take place frequently, and seriously threaten the life and property of the people
Safety.(Debarati Guha-Sapir, Philippe Hoyois, Regina Below, " Annual disaster according to statistics
statistical review2013:The numbers and trends,”CRED,Brussels,Belgium,
Technical Report, 2014), since 2000,7 grades or more earthquakes are more than 240 times in annual world wide.Wherein,
Wenchuan earthquake in 2008 causes about 91,900,000,000 dollars of loss, the Japanese violent earthquake Oc ean Tsunami in east in 2011 to cause about 217,500,000,000 dollars
Loss.Building construction falls to damage direct relation personnel injures and deaths and economic loss, the qualitative assessment energy damaged to building target
Enough key message support is provided for Post disaster relief and reconstruction.Polarization SAR as microwave imaging remote sensing being capable of round-the-clock round-the-clock
It ground-to-ground observes, is not limited by state of ground, there are the advantages such as quick, flexible, wide area, be quickly to grasp disaster area comprehensively by the condition of a disaster
The maximally efficient technological approaches of condition.
Polarization SAR can obtain the complete polarization information of target by receiving and dispatching the orthogonal electromagnetic wave of polarized state, to target
Geometry and scattering properties are completely portrayed.Building target is in the front and back response and polarization modulation machine to electromagnetic wave of damage
Reason is visibly different.Polarization characteristic amount can characterize the intrinsic structure attribute of target and scattering properties, substantially not by time/sky
Between the parameters such as baseline influence, compared to characteristic quantities such as traditional single polarization SAR image backscattering coefficient amplitude and related coefficients,
With more steady performance.Currently, the building damage research based on full-polarization SAR data analysis is extremely limited, and locate substantially
In the qualitative research stage.Currently, the building of full-polarization SAR falls to damage method of estimation and is only capable of providing the rough degree of falling damage division,
Limited grade is slightly damaged and do not damaged to such as serious damage, at moderate damage.It would therefore be highly desirable to develop with high stability and standard
The building of exactness falls the fine quantitative predication technology of loss rate.It is fallen using building (general after being damaged (before referring generally to calamity) and before damaging
Refer to calamity after) multidate full-polarization SAR data, study the building accurate quantification of falling loss rate appraisal procedure, to full polarimetric SAR
There is significant application value in the fields such as interpretation, disaster assistance, post-disaster reconstruction and disaster reduction and prevention.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to, provide it is a kind of based on rotational domain polarize coherence property full-polarization SAR build
Build the object method of estimation of falling loss rate, this method can accurately and rapidly estimate that building falls loss rate, and quantitative result.
The present invention basic ideas be：Polarization coherence property is sensitive to targeted attitude and the opposite geometry of radar line of sight closes
System.Under the conditions of different postures, significant changes may occur same target for the value of polarization coherence property.By that will obtain
Polarization scattering matrix carry out rotation processing around radar line of sight, the opposite geometry pass of targeted attitude and radar line of sight can be changed
System.In this way, by traversing each rotation angle in radar line of sight rotational domain, it will be able to which the polarization obtained in rotational domain is relevant
Characteristic sequence.Before building falls and damages for full polarimetric SAR, construction zone be mainly made of " wall-ground " two
It is main scattering mechanism that face angle structure, which is formed by rescattering mechanism,.To fall damage after full polarimetric SAR, " wall-ground " this
Kind dihedral angle structure is damaged as building falls and is correspondingly reduced.The reduction of damage construction zone dihedral angle structure can cause to revolve
Turn change of the domain polarization coherence property sequence characteristic such as the relevant waviness that polarizes.Utilize rotational domain polarization coherence property sequence characteristic
Variation, then can estimate construction zone fall damage situation.Here it is the principle of the present invention bases.The present invention utilize calamity before and calamity
The full-polarization SAR data of construction zone afterwards are polarized by polarization scattering matrix rotation processing before extracting the calamity of construction zone
Coherence property sequence and calamity after-polarization coherence property sequence；It is concerned with the polarization of calamity after-polarization coherence property sequence before calculating calamity
Fu Du, structure characterization construction zone damage the polarization characteristic amount (being known as the building polarization damage factor) of variation, establish building
Object polarization falls the damage factor and building and falls the inverting relational expression of loss rate, obtains building and falls the quantitative predication of loss rate.
The technical scheme is that：One kind being fallen loss rate based on rotational domain polarization coherence property full-polarization SAR building and estimated
Meter method, specifically includes following step：
Using the full polarimetric SAR for including construction zone before the calamity of registration and after calamity, construction zone is obtained respectively
Polarization scattering matrix S before damagingi pre-event, i=1,2 ..., W and construction zone fall the polarization scattering matrix after damaging
Si post-event, i=1,2 ..., W, i expression full polarimetric SAR ith pixels, W is the pixel of full polarimetric SAR
Number.Enable polarization scattering matrix S=Si pre-eventOr S=Si post-event, first each above-mentioned polarization scattering matrix is carried out following
The processing that the first step is walked to third：
The first step, polarization scattering matrix make rotation processing around polarization radar sight；
Enable polarization scattering matrixSHHFor under horizontal polarization H transmittings and horizontal polarization H condition of acceptances
The multiple backscattering coefficient obtained；SVHFor the multiple back scattering obtained under horizontal polarization H transmittings and vertical polarization V condition of acceptances
Coefficient；SHVFor the multiple backscattering coefficient obtained under vertical polarization V transmittings and horizontal polarization H condition of acceptances；SVVFor vertical
The multiple backscattering coefficient obtained under polarization V transmittings and vertical polarization V condition of acceptances；
Around polarization radar direction of visual lines, rotation processing is carried out to polarization scattering matrix S, to the rotation angle in rotational domain
θ, θ ∈ [0,2 π] calculate the expression formula of the rotary polarization collision matrix S (θ) after rotation processing：
Wherein, rotary polarization collision matrixSpin matrixSubscriptTFor transposition processing.
As available from the above equation, expression formula of rotary polarization collision matrix S (θ) each element in rotational domain is：
SHH(θ)=SHHcos2θ+SHVcosθsinθ+SVHcosθsinθ+SVVsin2θ
SHV(θ)=- SHHcosθsinθ+SHVcos2θ-SVHsin2θ+SVVcosθsinθ
SVH(θ)=- SHHcosθsinθ-SHVsin2θ+SVHcos2θ+SVVcosθsinθ
SVV(θ)=SHHsin2θ-SHVcosθsinθ-SVHcosθsinθ+SVVcos2θ；
Second step calculates the polarization coherence property sequence in rotational domain；
Rotation angle θ in rotational domain is subjected to sliding-model control, obtains the rotation angle series θ of discretizationj,j
=0,1 ..., N, j indicate that j-th of rotation angle, N+1 are the number of rotation angle θ, and value determines according to actual conditions, usually takes N
=1000；To POLARIZATION CHANNEL HH and VV, rotation angle series θ is calculatedjCorresponding polarization coherence property sequence | γHH-VV(θj)|：
Wherein,<·>It is handled for ensemble average, | | for the processing that takes absolute value, subscript * is conjugation processing.It can be seen that 0≤|
γHH-VV(θj)|≤1。
Third walks, and calculates the relevant waviness of polarization；
Calculate polarization coherence property sequence | γHH-VV(θj) | polarization be concerned with waviness (| γHH-VV|std)i：
(|γHH-VV|std)i=std | γHH-VV(θj)|}
Wherein, std { } is the polarization coherence property standard deviation for seeking sequence.
It is walked using the above-mentioned first step to third, acquire respectively before building falls to damage and is built after falling to damage in full polarimetric SAR
Build object area polarization be concerned with waviness (| γHH-VV|std)i, it is denoted as respectivelyWith
4th step calculates building polarization and falls to damage the factor；
Using fall damage after and fall damage before construction zone polarization be concerned with waviness ratio as building polarization fall damage because
SonI.e.
5th step, the building estimation of falling loss rate.
Building polarization falls to damage the factorWith the building DL of falling loss rateiRelationship be：Value is got over
Greatly, the building DL of falling loss rateiIt is bigger.In this way, the building DL of falling loss rate establishediInverting expression formula be：
Wherein, p1、p2、p3、p4And p5It is (i.e. true based on the known damage situation of construction zone inside points for fitting parameter
Loss rate) sampled pixel, using this really fall loss rate and estimation fall loss rate, obtained by fitting of a polynomial.The present invention takes p1
=-0.02325, p2=0.33230, p3=-1.7640, p4=4.1330 and p5=-2.6150.
Traverse the owned building region in polarimetric SAR image, you can obtain the building estimation of falling loss rate figure.
Following technique effect can use to obtain using the present invention：
The full-polarization SAR building method of estimation of falling loss rate of the coherence property of the present invention that polarized based on rotational domain, profit
With building target fall damage before and fall damage after rotational domain polarization coherence property difference, pass through analyze rotational domain polarize phase
Dry waviness characteristic, structure, which is sensitive to building and falls the polarization of loss rate, to be fallen to damage the factor, is realized and is fallen the inverting of loss rate to building.This
Invention realizes simply have good robustness to different building targets, and implement and be convenient to, can directly use
It is handled in the multidate full polarimetric SAR obtained to various full-polarization SAR systems.The present invention builds full-polarization SAR
Building object and falling to damage the application fields such as assessment, disaster reduction and prevention has important reference value.
Description of the drawings
The implementing procedure figure of Fig. 1 present invention；
Fig. 2 building earthquake calamities fall to damage front and back optical picture；
Fig. 3 building earthquake calamities fall to damage situation true value figure；
Fig. 4 building earthquake calamities fall to damage front and back polarization SAR figure；
The relevant waviness figure of Fig. 5 polarization；
The polarization of Fig. 6 buildings falls to damage factor graph；
There is Fig. 7 the building block of different loss rates to fall to damage situation true value figure；
The polarization of Fig. 8 buildings falls to damage the factor and the building really relational graph of falling loss rate；
Fig. 9 buildings estimation of falling loss rate figure.
Specific implementation mode
Technical solution for a better understanding of the present invention is made embodiments of the present invention below in conjunction with attached drawing further
Description.
Fig. 1 is the implementing procedure figure of the present invention, is mainly made of five steps：The first step, polarization scattering matrix is around complete polarization thunder
Make rotation processing up to sight；Second step calculates the polarization coherence property sequence in rotational domain；Wherein, phase in ensemble average processing
Like the selection of property sampled pixel using being handled based on the SimiTest algorithms that similitude detects, specific algorithm content is referring to text
Offer Si-Wei Chen, Xue-Song Wang and Motoyuki Sato, " PolInSAR complex coherence
estimation based on covariance matrix similarity test,”IEEE Transactions on
Geoscience and Remote Sensing,vol.50,no.11,pp.4699–4710,Nov.2012.Third walks, and calculates
The relevant waviness of polarization；4th step calculates building polarization and falls to damage the factor；5th step, the building estimation of falling loss rate, is built
The object estimation of falling loss rate figure.
Fig. 2 to Fig. 9 is the March 11 in 2011 obtained to ALOS/PALSAR systems using the specific implementation mode of the present invention
Day, the handling result of multidate full-polarization SAR data was surveyed in the Japanese disaster-stricken serious cities the Shi Juan city of violent earthquake Oc ean Tsunami.Before shake
ALOS/PALSAR full-polarization SARs data acquisition is on November 21st, 2010, ALOS/PALSAR full-polarization SARs data acquisition after shake
On April 8th, 2011.
Fig. 2 is that building earthquake calamity falls to damage front and back optical picture.Optical picture is obtained by ALOS systems.Fig. 2 (a) is optics before calamity
Image, is taken at August in 2010 23, and Fig. 2 (b) is optical imagery after calamity, is taken on April 10th, 2011.Wherein, in image
Right area be the Pacific Ocean, violent earthquake cause Oc ean Tsunami reach 10 meters or more in the region, tsunami has swept away coastline
Neighbouring large amount of building causes the damage of falling of large amount of building.It can be seen from the figure that the construction zone near many banks
Serious damage has occurred.
Fig. 3 is that building earthquake calamity falls to damage situation true value figure, reflects the truth that building earthquake calamity is damaged.Wherein, black
The building that color pictorial representation damages, the building that grey pictorial representation does not damage, what light grey pictorial representation was flooded by tsunami
Region.
Fig. 4 is that building earthquake calamity falls to damage front and back polarization SAR figure.Wherein, figure (a) is HH polarization energy figures before falling to damage；Figure
(b) it is HV polarization energy figures before falling to damage；It is VV polarization energy figures before falling to damage to scheme (c)；It is HH polarization energy figures after falling to damage to scheme (d)；
It is HV polarization energy figures after falling to damage to scheme (e)；It is VV polarization energy figures after falling to damage to scheme (f).Corresponding polarization after preceding and shake is shaken in comparison
Channel energy figure, it can be seen that the back scattering energy difference for damaging construction zone is not obvious.
Fig. 5 is the relevant waviness figure of building polarization.It wherein polarizes relevant waviness and is not obtained for 0 region extraction
Construction zone.Be concerned with before comparison shake with construction zone polarization after shake waviness figure, it can be seen that damages construction zone
The relevant waviness of polarization is remarkably decreased.Meanwhile the relevant waviness of polarization declines increasing of the degree with the degree of falling damage of construction zone
Increase greatly.
Fig. 6 is that building polarization falls to damage factor graph.To the obtained construction zone of extraction, calculate building polarization fall damage because
Son.In figure, pixel gray value is deeper, and it is smaller to damage factor value.Comparing building earthquake calamity, damage situation true value figure (Fig. 3) can
To see, building polarization falls to damage the factor can indicate that building falls to damage region well.To no building fall damage region,
Building polarization falls damage factor value less than 1；The region damaged to there is building to fall, building polarization, which falls to damage factor value, is more than 1.
Fig. 7 is that the building block with different loss rates falls to damage situation true value figure, with square mark in corresponding diagram 4 (d)
The 10 pieces of building blocks shown fall to damage situation true value figure.Wherein, the building that black pictorial representation damages, grey pictorial representation
The building not damaged, the region that light grey pictorial representation is flooded by tsunami.In the figure 7, the corresponding building block of figure (a) is true
Real loss rate is 95%；Scheme the true loss rate 90% of (b) corresponding building block；Scheme the true of (c) corresponding building block
Loss rate is 80%；The loss rate of really falling for scheming (d) corresponding building block is 75%；Scheme the true of (e) corresponding building block
Loss rate is 70%；The loss rate of really falling for scheming (f) corresponding building block is 60%；Scheme the true of (g) corresponding building block
Loss rate is 40%；The loss rate of really falling for scheming (h) corresponding building block is 25%；Scheme the true of (i) corresponding building block
Loss rate is 20%；The loss rate of really falling for scheming (j) corresponding building block is 5%.
Fig. 8 is that polarization falls to damage the factor and the building really relational graph of falling loss rate.Wherein, abscissa is that building falls loss rate
DLi, 10 pieces of building blocks in corresponding diagram 7；Ordinate is that the building polarization that estimation obtains falls to damage the factorCircle
Circle and vertical line respectively represent estimation obtain the building block building polarization fall damage the factorMean value and side
Difference, dotted line represent the inverting of falling loss rate relational expression
Wherein p1=-0.02325, p2=0.33230, p3=-1.7640, p4=4.1330 and p5=-2.6150.It can be seen that estimation
Obtained building polarization falls to damage the factor can distinguish the building block that there is difference to fall loss rate well.Meanwhile with
The increase of loss rate, building polarization, which falls to damage factor value, to increase.
Fig. 9 is the building estimation of falling loss rate figure.It falls to damage the factor and the inverting of falling loss rate according to the building polarization being calculated
Expression formula obtains the cities the Shi Juan building estimation of falling loss rate figure.Compared with building falls and damages situation true value figure (Fig. 3), building falls
Loss rate estimation is accurate, precision is high.
Claims (3)
1. one kind is based on the rotational domain polarization coherence property full-polarization SAR building method of estimation of falling loss rate, before the calamity of registration
With the full polarimetric SAR for including construction zone after calamity, the polarization scattering matrix before construction zone is damaged is obtained respectively
Si pre-event, i=1,2 ..., W and construction zone fall the polarization scattering matrix S after damagingi post-event, i=1,2 ..., W, i tables
Show that full polarimetric SAR ith pixel, W are the pixel number of full polarimetric SAR；Enable polarization scattering matrix S=Si pre -eventOr S=Si post-event,
And rotation processing is made around polarization radar sight to each polarization scattering matrix；
Enable polarization scattering matrixSHHTo be obtained under horizontal polarization H transmittings and horizontal polarization H condition of acceptances
Multiple backscattering coefficient；SVHFor the multiple back scattering system obtained under horizontal polarization H transmittings and vertical polarization V condition of acceptances
Number；SHVFor the multiple backscattering coefficient obtained under vertical polarization V transmittings and horizontal polarization H condition of acceptances；SVVFor in vertical pole
Change the multiple backscattering coefficient obtained under V transmittings and vertical polarization V condition of acceptances；
Around polarization radar direction of visual lines, rotation processing is carried out to polarization scattering matrix S, to the rotation angle θ in rotational domain, θ
∈ [- π, π] calculates the expression formula of the rotary polarization collision matrix S (θ) after rotation processing：
Wherein, rotary polarization collision matrixSpin matrix
Subscript T is transposition processing；
As available from the above equation, expression formula of rotary polarization collision matrix S (θ) each element in rotational domain is：
SHH(θ)=SHHcos2θ+SHVcosθsinθ+SVHcosθsinθ+SVVsin2θ
SHV(θ)=- SHHcosθsinθ+SHVcos2θ-SVHsin2θ+SVVcosθsinθ
SVH(θ)=- SHHcosθsinθ-SHVsin2θ+SVHcos2θ+SVVcosθsinθ
SVV(θ)=SHHsin2θ-SHVcosθsinθ-SVHcosθsinθ+SVVcos2θ；
It is characterized in that：Each above-mentioned polarization scattering matrix is handled as follows：
The first step calculates the polarization coherence property sequence in rotational domain；
Rotation angle θ in rotational domain is subjected to sliding-model control, obtains the rotation angle series θ of discretizationj,J=0,
1 ..., N, j indicate that j-th of rotation angle, N+1 are the number of rotation angle θ, and value is determines according to actual conditions；To POLARIZATION CHANNEL
HH and VV calculates rotation angle series θjCorresponding polarization coherence property sequence | γHH-VV(θj)|：
Wherein,<·>It is handled for ensemble average, | | for the processing that takes absolute value, subscript * is conjugation processing；
Second step calculates the relevant waviness of polarization；
Calculate polarization coherence property sequence | γHH-VV(θj) | polarization be concerned with waviness (| γHH-VV|std)i：
(|γHH-VV|std)i=std | γHH-VV(θj)|}
Wherein, std { } is the polarization coherence property standard deviation for seeking sequence；
Using the above-mentioned first step to second step, acquire respectively before building falls to damage and building in full polarimetric SAR after falling to damage
The relevant waviness of the polarization in region (| γHH-VV|std)i, it is denoted as respectivelyWith
Third walks, and calculates building polarization and falls to damage the factor；
It polarizes to fall to damage the factor as building using the ratio with the relevant waviness of polarization for damaging preceding construction zone after damagingI.e.
4th step, the building estimation of falling loss rate；
Building polarization falls to damage the factorWith the building DL of falling loss rateiRelationship be：Value is bigger,
The building DL of falling loss rateiIt is bigger, in this way, the building DL of falling loss rate establishediInverting expression formula be：
Wherein, p1、p2、p3、p4And p5For fitting parameter, based on the sampled pixel of loss rate is really fallen in construction zone, this is utilized
Really fall loss rate and estimation fall loss rate, obtained by fitting of a polynomial；
Traverse the owned building region in polarimetric SAR image, you can obtain the building estimation of falling loss rate figure.
2. it is based on the rotational domain polarization coherence property full-polarization SAR building method of estimation of falling loss rate according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that：The number N+1=1001 of rotation angle θ in rotational domain.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 based on the rotational domain polarization coherence property full-polarization SAR building estimation of falling loss rate side
Method, it is characterised in that：Fitting parameter p1、p2、p3、p4And p5Value be respectively p1=-0.02325, p2=0.33230, p3=-
1.7640、p4=4.1330 and p5=-2.6150.
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