CN106441636A - Detection method and device of heating amount of high-temperature superconducting bulk material - Google Patents
Detection method and device of heating amount of high-temperature superconducting bulk material Download PDFInfo
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- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01K—MEASURING TEMPERATURE; MEASURING QUANTITY OF HEAT; THERMALLY-SENSITIVE ELEMENTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01K17/00—Measuring quantity of heat
- G01K17/02—Calorimeters using transport of an indicating substances, e.g. evaporation calorimeters
- G01K17/025—Calorimeters using transport of an indicating substances, e.g. evaporation calorimeters where evaporation, sublimation or condensation caused by heating or cooling, is measured
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Abstract
The invention discloses a detection method and device of the heating amount of a high-temperature superconducting bulk material. The method comprises the following steps: under a stable magnetic field, calculating according to the temperature data measured by a sensor arranged at the top in a container in advance to obtain first liquid nitrogen loss amount of the container in a pre-set duration; when the container is located in a changeable magnetic field, calculating according to the temperature data measured by the sensor arranged at the top in the container to obtain second liquid nitrogen loss amount of the container in the pre-set duration; and according to a difference value of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, calculating to obtain the heating amount of the high-temperature superconducting bulk material, which is arranged in the container, is immersed in liquid nitrogen and is located in the changeable magnetic field, in the pre-set duration. According to the detection method and device of the heating amount of the high-temperature superconducting bulk material, disclosed by the invention, the heating amount of the high-temperature superconducting bulk material, which is arranged in the container, is immersed in liquid nitrogen and is located in the changeable magnetic field, can be accurately estimated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, particularly to a kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value
And device.
Background technology
Compared with the electromagnetic suspension (EMS) based on electromagnetic attraction and electromagnetic repulsion force and electrodynamics suspension (EDS) technology, high
Temp. superconductive magnetic levitation technology relies on the flux pinning effect between high-temperature superconductor bulk and external magnetic field to realize passive self-stabilization
Suspend.High-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, by being immersed in liquid nitrogen superconduction block material so as to temperature is lowered into superconducting state, is entered
Enter the superconduction block material of superconducting state and external magnetic field can reach stable suspersion.This technology is without active control, and structure is simple, because
This has become as one of ideal chose of practical magnetic levitation technology.
Southwest Jiaotong University succeeded in developing the manned high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation laboratory vehicle in first of the world in 2000, hereafter carried out
A large amount of be directed to suspend, the research work of guiding and driving aspect advance practical of high-temperature superconducting maglev train significantly
Exhibition.In high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, suspending power is the key character amount of reflection high-temperature superconductor suspension characteristic, is also simultaneously
One of key parameter in magnetic suspension system design.In actual applications, there is certain irregularities, rail in tracks of permanent magnetism surface
Road magnetic field there is also certain inhomogeneities, hence in so that during high-temperature superconducting maglev train high-speed cruising in orbit, vehicle-mounted
Superconductor is in the magnetic field environment of change.The external magnetic field of change can aggravate the motion of superconductor internal magnetic field lines, thus leading to
Superconductor local temperature rise is larger, and critical current density reduces, and finally its suspendability of impact even causes and quenches.Superconductor is once
Quench and train will be led to lose suspending power, and track occurs friction even to derail.Accordingly, it would be desirable to change external magnetic field ring to working in
High-temperature superconductor heat condition under border is studied.
But, because high-temperature superconducting block is fully immersed in inside liquid nitrogen when putting into application, so using temperature
Sensor direct measurement bulk surface temperature cannot be achieved with the method obtaining the caloric value of high-temperature superconductor bulk.
Content of the invention
In view of this, the present invention provides a kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value and device, such that it is able to right
The caloric value of the high-temperature superconductor bulk under being arranged in container and being immersed in liquid nitrogen and be in variation magnetic field is carried out accurately
Estimation.
Technical scheme is specifically realized in：
A kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value, the method includes：
In advance under stabilizing magnetic field, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, calculate
Obtain the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container；
When being in variation magnetic field, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, meter
Calculate and obtain the second liquid nitrogen loss amount in described preset duration for the described container；
According to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, it is calculated and is arranged in container and is immersed in
In liquid nitrogen and be in high-temperature superconductor bulk under the variation magnetic field caloric value in described preset duration.
Preferably, described be calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container or the second liquid nitrogen loss
Amount includes：
The current temperature data that sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, is calculated in container in real time
Current fluid level height, thus respectively obtaining the initial time of described preset duration and the liquid level of end time；
Initial time according to described preset duration and the liquid level of end time, are calculated in preset duration content
Liquid level drop-out value in device；
First liquid nitrogen loss amount or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount are calculated according to described liquid level drop-out value.
Preferably, described basis is arranged on the current temperature data that the sensor measurement of container inner top obtains, count in real time
Calculate the current fluid level obtaining in container highly to include：
A, set up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and generate full including one group of distribution characteristics
The particle collection of the particle of sufficient liquid level prior probability distribution；
B, obtain current temperature data by being arranged on the sensor measurement of container inner top of perfusion liquid nitrogen；
C, according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, be calculated the current liquid in container
The estimated value of face height；
D, by particle filter algorithm, the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height is modified, after being revised
Current fluid level height.
Preferably, after above-mentioned steps D, still further comprising：
When current sampling point is not last sampled point, highly particle collection is carried out according to revised current fluid level
Resampling and weighting, return execution step B；When current sampling point is for last sampled point, then terminate flow process.
Set up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment and include preferably, described：
Previously according to the liquid nitrogen vaporization characteristic of evaporation experiment static under different operating modes, obtain liquid nitrogen vaporization experience public
Formula, and systematic state transfer equation is set up according to liquid nitrogen vaporization empirical equation；
In advance shaking test and actual measurement shaking test are simulated to the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen, test data are carried out point
Analysis, statistical test noise profile model, set up systematic observation equation；
According to described systematic state transfer equation and systematic observation establishing equation state-space model.
Preferably, described systematic state transfer equation is：
hk=hk-1+Δh+ξk-1；
Wherein, h is the distance of the liquid nitrogen liquid level in container for the sensor of the container top being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen, footnote
K and k-1 shows the Variables Sequence of different time respectively；Δ h is the decrease speed of liquid nitrogen liquid level, ξk-1For system noise.
Preferably, described systematic state transfer equation is：
Tk=TLN+a·hk+ηk；
Wherein, TkFor be arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen container top sensor k-th moment measured by temperature, TLNFor
Liquid nitrogen temperature, a is Temperature Distribution coefficient, ηkFor observation noise.
Preferably, be calculated described high-temperature superconductor bulk sending out in described preset duration by formula below
Heat：
Q=rLN*(mc-muc)；
Wherein, Q is caloric value in described preset duration for the described high-temperature superconductor bulk, rLNThe latent heat of vaporization for liquid nitrogen
Parameter, mcFor the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, mucFor the first liquid nitrogen loss amount.
Preferably, the sensor of the described container top being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen is platinum resistance temperature sensor.
The invention allows for a kind of detection means of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value, this device includes：At least two biographies
Sensor, signal gathering unit, data transmission unit, caloric value estimation unit and memorizer；
Described sensor is separately positioned on top and bottom in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen；
Signal gathering unit, the sensor measurement for receiving the top being arranged in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen obtains currently
Temperature data, and by the temperature data receiving storage in memory and be sent to described data transmission unit；
Described data transmission unit, for being sent to caloric value estimation unit by temperature data；
Described caloric value estimation unit, in advance under stabilizing magnetic field, according to the sensor being arranged on container inner top
Measure the temperature data obtaining, be calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container；When being in change magnetic
When in, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, it is calculated described container described
The second liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration；According to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, it is calculated
High-temperature superconductor bulk under being arranged in container and being immersed in liquid nitrogen and be in variation magnetic field is in described preset duration
Caloric value；
Described memorizer, for storage temperature data.
Preferably, described caloric value estimation unit further includes：Liquid level estimation module and caloric value computing module；
Described liquid level estimation module, is arranged on, for basis, the current temperature that the sensor measurement of container inner top obtains
Degrees of data, be calculated in real time in container current fluid level height, thus respectively obtain described preset duration initial time and
The liquid level of end time；
Described caloric value computing module, the liquid level for the initial time according to described preset duration and end time is high
Degree, is calculated the liquid level drop-out value in preset duration inner pressurd vessel；First liquid nitrogen is calculated according to described liquid level drop-out value
Waste or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount.
Preferably, described liquid level estimation module still further comprises：Model generates submodule, calculating sub module and repaiies
Syndrome generation module；
Described model generates submodule, for setting up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and
Generate the particle collection including the particle that one group of distribution characteristics meets liquid level prior probability distribution；
Described calculating sub module, for according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, calculating
Estimated value to current fluid level height；
Described correction submodule, for being entered to the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height by particle filter algorithm
Row is revised, and obtains revised current fluid level height.
Preferably, described sensor is platinum resistance temperature sensor.
Preferably, described data transmission unit is radio transmitting device or wired transmission device.
As above visible, in the detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value provided by the present invention and device, due to making
Measure the temperature variations in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen with temperature sensor as temperature element, and obtained according to temperature data
The difference of the liquid nitrogen loss amount in container under under stabilizing magnetic field and variation magnetic field, the mathematic interpolation further according to liquid nitrogen loss amount obtains
To caloric value in described preset duration for the high-temperature superconductor bulk being under variation magnetic field, therefore can be by measuring container
The change of head temperature obtains the change of liquid nitrogen level, thus the liquid nitrogen consumption being calculated in a period of time, then right again
Than the difference of the liquid nitrogen loss amount in the container under under stabilizing magnetic field in this time and variation magnetic field, obtain high-temperature superconductor bulk
Generate heat the liquid nitrogen loss causing, and finally can be calculated the heating of high-temperature superconductor bulk in this time according to liquid nitrogen loss
Amount, such that it is able to the heating to the high-temperature superconductor bulk under being arranged in container and being immersed in liquid nitrogen and be in variation magnetic field
Amount is accurately estimated.Above-mentioned detection method and device can be used for high-temperature superconducting block and generate heat the demand of quantity research, has
Help understand the impact to suspension system for the variation magnetic field.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the detection means of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the computational methods of current fluid level height in the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of the computational methods of current fluid level height in another embodiment of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
For making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, develop simultaneously embodiment referring to the drawings, right
The present invention further describes.
When being under variation magnetic field, the motion aggravation of high-temperature superconducting block internal magnetic field lines, lead to superconductor local temperature rise
Larger.A kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value is proposed, using under changes in contrast magnetic field and stable in the present invention
The mode of liquid nitrogen vaporization amount under magnetic field, measurement indirectly obtains high-temperature superconducting block heat condition under variation magnetic field.During based on unit
The constant characteristic of interior liquid nitrogen steady-state evaporation amount, with liquid nitrogen vaporization amount under stabilizing magnetic field under variation magnetic field in contrast a period of time
Difference, you can obtain this time endogenous cause of ill superconduction block material heating and cause liquid nitrogen loss amount.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the detection means of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention.As Fig. 1 institute
Show, the detection means of the high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes：At least two sensors 11, signal
Collecting unit 12, data transmission unit 13, caloric value estimation unit 14 and memorizer 15；
Described sensor 11 is separately positioned on top and bottom in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen；
Signal gathering unit 12, sensor 11 measurement for receiving the top being arranged in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen obtains
Current temperature data, and the temperature data receiving is stored in memorizer 15 and is sent to described data transmission unit
13；
Described data transmission unit 13, for being sent to caloric value estimation unit 14 by temperature data；
Described caloric value estimation unit 14, in advance under stabilizing magnetic field, according to the sensing being arranged on container inner top
The temperature data that device measurement obtains, is calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container；When being in change
When in magnetic field, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, it is calculated described container in institute
State the second liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration；According to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, calculate
High-temperature superconductor bulk under be arranged in container and be immersed in liquid nitrogen and be in variation magnetic field is in described preset duration
Caloric value；
Described memorizer 15, for storage temperature data.
In addition, preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, described caloric value estimation unit 14 can wrap further
Include：Liquid level estimation module 141 and caloric value computing module 142；
Described liquid level estimation module 141, for working as of being obtained according to the sensor measurement being arranged on container inner top
Front temperature data, be calculated in real time in container current fluid level height, thus respectively obtain described preset duration initial when
Carve the liquid level with end time；
Described caloric value computing module 142, for the liquid level of the initial time according to described preset duration and end time
Highly, it is calculated the liquid level drop-out value in preset duration inner pressurd vessel；First liquid is calculated according to described liquid level drop-out value
Nitrogen waste or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount.
Preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, described liquid level estimation module 141 also can be wrapped further
Include：Model generates submodule, calculating sub module and revises submodule (not shown in figure 1)；
Described model generates submodule, for setting up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and
Generate the particle collection including the particle that one group of distribution characteristics meets liquid level prior probability distribution；
Described calculating sub module, for according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, calculating
Estimated value to current fluid level height；
Described correction submodule, for being entered to the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height by particle filter algorithm
Row is revised, and obtains revised current fluid level height.
Preferably, in a particular embodiment of the present invention, described sensor 31 is platinum resistance temperature sensor.With respect to platinum
Resistance liquidometer, the quantity of the platinum resistance temperature sensor used in the present invention can be less, and performance more stable, measurement
Precision is higher.
Preferably, in a particular embodiment of the present invention, described data transmission unit 33 can be radio transmitting device,
Can be wired transmission device, in the present invention, this is not defined.
Preferably, in a particular embodiment of the present invention, described caloric value estimation unit can be PC, server
Or the computing device such as the computer of other forms.
In addition, also proposed a kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the schematic flow sheet of the detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention.As Fig. 2 institute
Show, the detection method of the high-temperature superconducting block caloric value in the embodiment of the present invention mainly includes step as described below：
Step 21, in advance under stabilizing magnetic field, the temperature number that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains
According to being calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container.
Obtain when being in stabilizing magnetic field it is necessary first to precalculate in this step, in container in preset duration
The first liquid nitrogen loss amount.
For example, preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, when being in stabilizing magnetic field, can first basis
It is arranged on the temperature data that the sensor measurement of container inner top obtains, be calculated under the liquid level in preset duration inner pressurd vessel
Depreciation, is then calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount further according to liquid level drop-out value.
In addition, in the inventive solutions, the length of described preset duration can be according to the need of practical situations
To be configured in advance.For example, described preset duration can be 10 minutes, 30 minutes, 1 hour or 2 hours etc..
Step 22, when being in variation magnetic field, the temperature that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains
Data, is calculated the second liquid nitrogen loss amount in described preset duration for the described container；
In this step, can calculate when being in stabilizing magnetic field in real time, described container is in described preset duration
Second liquid nitrogen loss amount.
For example, preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, when being in stabilizing magnetic field, can be according to setting
Put the current temperature data that the sensor measurement in container inner top obtains, be calculated the liquid level in preset duration inner pressurd vessel
Drop-out value, is then calculated described second liquid nitrogen loss amount further according to liquid level drop-out value.
Step 23, according to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, is calculated and is arranged in container
And caloric value in described preset duration for the high-temperature superconductor bulk under being immersed in liquid nitrogen and being in variation magnetic field.
Because in the unit interval, liquid nitrogen steady-state evaporation amount is constant, and high-temperature superconductor bulk is provided in container and soaks
In liquid nitrogen, under variation magnetic field, the heating of high-temperature superconductor bulk can lead to liquid nitrogen vaporization speed to be accelerated, therefore, above-mentioned
The difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount is it is simply that due to the heating of high-temperature superconductor bulk in described preset duration
And cause liquid nitrogen loss amount.That is, above-mentioned difference is just above the portion steadily evaporate and consume more under stabilizing magnetic field
Divide liquid nitrogen, the absorbed heat of its evaporation is exactly caloric value in described preset duration for the high-temperature superconductor bulk.So, according to
First liquid nitrogen loss amount and the difference of the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, you can be calculated described high-temperature superconductor bulk described default
Caloric value in duration.
For example, preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, can be calculated by formula as described below
To caloric value in described preset duration for the described high-temperature superconductor bulk：
Q=rLN*(mc-muc)
Wherein, Q is caloric value in described preset duration for the described high-temperature superconductor bulk, rLNThe latent heat of vaporization for liquid nitrogen
Parameter, mcFor liquid nitrogen vaporization amount under variation magnetic field (i.e. the second liquid nitrogen loss amount), mucFor liquid nitrogen vaporization amount under stabilizing magnetic field (i.e.
One liquid nitrogen loss amount).
Additionally, in the inventive solutions, above-mentioned steps 21 and 22 can be realized in several ways, below will
Taking a kind of concrete mode therein as a example, technical scheme is described in detail.
For example, preferably, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, the sensor according to being arranged on container inner top is surveyed
The temperature data measuring, is calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount
Step as described below can be included：
Step 31, the current temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, calculate in real time
Current fluid level height in container, thus respectively obtain the initial time of described preset duration and the liquid level height of end time
Degree.
Step 32, the initial time according to described preset duration and the liquid level of end time, are calculated default
Liquid level drop-out value in duration inner pressurd vessel；
Step 33, is calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount according to described liquid level drop-out value.
In the inventive solutions, above-mentioned step 31 can be realized in several ways, below will be with wherein
A kind of concrete mode as a example, technical scheme is described in detail.
Fig. 3 is the schematic flow sheet of the computational methods of current fluid level height in the embodiment of the present invention.For example, preferably,
As shown in figure 3, in one particular embodiment of the present invention, the basis in above-mentioned step 31 is arranged on the biography of container inner top
The current temperature data that sensor measurement obtains, the current fluid level being calculated in real time in container highly can include as described below
Step：
Step 41, sets up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and carries out particle collection initialization,
Generate the particle collection including the particle that one group of distribution characteristics meets liquid level prior probability distribution.
In the inventive solutions, before carrying out the calculating of current fluid level height, need to pre-build a shape
State space model, and generate the particle collection of the particle meeting liquid level prior probability distribution including one group of distribution characteristics, that is, carry out grain
Subset initializes.
In the inventive solutions, multiple specific implementations can be had to realize above-mentioned step 41.Below will
Taking a kind of specific implementation therein as a example, technical scheme is described in detail.
For example, preferably, in the inventive solutions, described set up shape previously according to actual measured data of experiment
State space model includes：
Step 411, previously according to (for example, varying environment temperature, different vessels) static state evaporation experiment under different operating modes
Liquid nitrogen vaporization characteristic, obtains liquid nitrogen vaporization empirical equation, and sets up systematic state transfer according to liquid nitrogen vaporization empirical equation
Equation.
Step 412, is simulated shaking test and actual measurement vibration in advance to the container (for example, vehicle-mounted Dewar) of perfusion liquid nitrogen
Test, is analyzed to test data, statistical test noise profile model, sets up systematic observation equation.
Step 413, according to described systematic state transfer equation and systematic observation establishing equation state-space model.
In addition, preferably, in the inventive solutions, described systematic state transfer equation can be：
hk=hk-1+Δh+ξk-1
Wherein, h is the temperature sensor at container (for example, the vehicle-mounted Dewar) top being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen in container
The distance of liquid nitrogen liquid level, footnote k and k-1 shows the Variables Sequence of different time respectively, that is, represent not in the same time, for example, hkRepresent
The value of the h in k-th moment, hk-1Represent the value of the h in (k-1) individual moment；Δ h is the decrease speed of liquid nitrogen liquid level, ξk-1For being
System noise.
In addition, preferably, in the inventive solutions, described systematic state transfer equation can be：
Tk=TLN+a·hk+ηk
Wherein, TkFor be arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen container (for example, vehicle-mounted Dewar) top temperature sensor when k-th
Carve measured temperature, TLNFor liquid nitrogen temperature, a is Temperature Distribution coefficient, ηkFor observation noise.
In the inventive solutions, can be built based on the substantially linear feature under approximate environment of liquid nitrogen vaporization
The vertical liquid nitrogen level variation model (i.e. state-space model) comprising interference noise and linear variable, such that it is able to empty according to state
Between model complete the prediction to liquid level.
Therefore, by above-mentioned step 411～413, according to above-mentioned described systematic state transfer equation and systematic observation
Equation, you can set up state-space model.Certainly, value (for example, the Dewar chi of the various parameters in described state-space model
Very little, ambient temperature etc.) may be changed according to the change of actual application environment, will not be described here.
In addition, preferably, in the inventive solutions, when carrying out the initialization of particle collection, described particle is concentrated
Each particle be to be generated according to liquid level prior probability distribution, therefore the distribution characteristicss of each particle that described particle is concentrated are full
Sufficient liquid level prior probability distribution.
Preferably, in the inventive solutions, liquid level can be obtained in advance first by actual measured data of experiment
Test probability distribution.
Step 42, obtains current temperature data by being arranged on the sensor measurement of the container inner top of perfusion liquid nitrogen.
In addition, preferably, in the inventive solutions, described container (for example, vehicle-mounted Du being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen
Watt) sensor at top can be platinum resistance temperature sensor or other temperature sensor.
Step 43, according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, is calculated working as in container
The estimated value of front liquid level.
In the inventive solutions, due to having built up state-space model in step 41, and carry out particle collection
Initialization, and measure in step 42 and obtained current temperature data, therefore in this step, you can empty according to described state
Between model, particle collection and current temperature data, be calculated the current fluid level height in container using the method for particle filter
Estimated value.
Step 44, is modified to the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height by particle filter algorithm, obtains
Revised current fluid level height.
Because particle filter algorithm is inherently weighted a kind of method of correction to deviation signal, therefore, in this step
In rapid, by particle filter algorithm, the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height can be modified, after being revised
Current fluid level height.
By above-mentioned step 41～44, you can obtain the estimated value of revised current fluid level height, thus obtaining essence
Spend higher real-time liquid level.Therefore, by above-mentioned method, the container that can be very good to eliminate perfusion liquid nitrogen is (for example, high
Vehicle-mounted Dewar on temp. superconductive body magnetic suspension train) in running vibration interference, to perfusion liquid nitrogen container liquid nitrogen
Liquid level is accurately detected, obtains the liquid nitrogen level closer to actual value.
In addition, Fig. 4 is the schematic flow sheet of the computational methods of current fluid level height in another embodiment of the present invention.Example
As preferably, as shown in figure 4, in another specific embodiment of the present invention, can also wrap further after above-mentioned steps 44
Include：
Step 45, when current sampling point is not last sampled point, according to revised current fluid level highly to grain
Subset carries out resampling and weighting, returns execution step 42；When current sampling point is for last sampled point, then terminate to flow
Journey.
In this step, resampling and weighting (i.e. basis highly will be carried out according to revised current fluid level to particle collection
The value of calculation of revised current fluid level height screens to particle collection, for example, it is possible to be made little general by way of weighting
The weight of the particle of rate event is little, thus reducing the impact to end product for the particle of small probability event), particle collection is carried out more
Newly, then return again to execution step 42, carry out next time point sampling, combine sensor using the particle collection after resampling
Measure the temperature data of the subsequent time obtaining, calculate the current fluid level height of subsequent time.The rest may be inferred, often updates once grain
Subset, just recalculates once, obtains the value of calculation of a current fluid level height, above-mentioned until completing to last sampled point
All sampled points are completed to calculate, such that it is able to carry out in real time and accurately monitoring to liquid level, are held in real time by operation
Current fluid level height in device.
In summary, in the detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value provided by the present invention and device, due to making
Measure the temperature variations in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen with temperature sensor as temperature element, and obtained according to temperature data
The difference of the liquid nitrogen loss amount in container under under stabilizing magnetic field and variation magnetic field, the mathematic interpolation further according to liquid nitrogen loss amount obtains
To caloric value in described preset duration for the high-temperature superconductor bulk being under variation magnetic field, therefore can be by measuring container
The change of head temperature obtains the change of liquid nitrogen level, thus the liquid nitrogen consumption being calculated in a period of time, then right again
Than the difference of the liquid nitrogen loss amount in the container under under stabilizing magnetic field in this time and variation magnetic field, obtain high-temperature superconductor bulk
Generate heat the liquid nitrogen loss causing, and finally can be calculated the heating of high-temperature superconductor bulk in this time according to liquid nitrogen loss
Amount, such that it is able to the heating to the high-temperature superconductor bulk under being arranged in container and being immersed in liquid nitrogen and be in variation magnetic field
Amount is accurately estimated.Above-mentioned detection method and device can be used for high-temperature superconducting block and generate heat the demand of quantity research, has
Help understand the impact to suspension system for the variation magnetic field.
The foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to limit the present invention, all essences in the present invention
Within god and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvement done etc., should be included within the scope of protection of the invention.
Claims (14)
1. a kind of detection method of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value is it is characterised in that the method includes：
In advance under stabilizing magnetic field, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, it is calculated
First liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container；
When being in variation magnetic field, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, calculate
To the second liquid nitrogen loss amount in described preset duration for the described container；
According to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, it is calculated and is arranged in container and is immersed in liquid nitrogen
In and be in high-temperature superconductor bulk under the variation magnetic field caloric value in described preset duration.
2. method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that described be calculated described container in preset duration
One liquid nitrogen loss amount or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount include：
The current temperature data that sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, is calculated working as in container in real time
Front liquid level, thus respectively obtain the initial time of described preset duration and the liquid level of end time；
Initial time according to described preset duration and the liquid level of end time, are calculated in preset duration inner pressurd vessel
Liquid level drop-out value；
First liquid nitrogen loss amount or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount are calculated according to described liquid level drop-out value.
3. method according to claim 2 is it is characterised in that described basis is arranged on the sensor measurement of container inner top
The current temperature data obtaining, the current fluid level being calculated in real time in container highly includes：
A, set up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and generate and meet liquid including one group of distribution characteristics
The particle collection of the particle of position prior probability distribution；
B, obtain current temperature data by being arranged on the sensor measurement of container inner top of perfusion liquid nitrogen；
C, according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, the current fluid level being calculated in container is high
The estimated value of degree；
D, by particle filter algorithm, the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height is modified, obtains revised working as
Front liquid level.
4. method according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that after above-mentioned steps D, still further comprise：
When current sampling point is not last sampled point, highly particle collection is adopted again according to revised current fluid level
Sample and weighting, return execution step B；When current sampling point is for last sampled point, then terminate flow process.
5. method according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that described set up shape previously according to actual measured data of experiment
State space model includes：
Previously according to the liquid nitrogen vaporization characteristic of evaporation experiment static under different operating modes, obtain liquid nitrogen vaporization empirical equation, and
Systematic state transfer equation is set up according to liquid nitrogen vaporization empirical equation；
In advance shaking test and actual measurement shaking test are simulated to the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen, test data are analyzed, system
Measure examination noise profile model, set up systematic observation equation；
According to described systematic state transfer equation and systematic observation establishing equation state-space model.
6. method according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that described systematic state transfer equation is：
hk=hk-1+Δh+ξk-1；
Wherein, h is the distance of the liquid nitrogen liquid level in container for the sensor of the container top being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen, footnote k and
K-1 shows the Variables Sequence of different time respectively；Δ h is the decrease speed of liquid nitrogen liquid level, ξk-1For system noise.
7. method according to claim 6 is it is characterised in that described systematic state transfer equation is：
Tk=TLN+a·hk+ηk
Wherein, TkFor be arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen container top sensor k-th moment measured by temperature, TLNFor liquid nitrogen
Temperature, a is Temperature Distribution coefficient, ηkFor observation noise.
8. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that be calculated described high-temperature superconductor by formula below
Caloric value in described preset duration for the body bulk：
Q=rLN*(mc-muc)；
Wherein, Q is caloric value in described preset duration for the described high-temperature superconductor bulk, rLNLatent heat of vaporization ginseng for liquid nitrogen
Number, mcFor the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, mucFor the first liquid nitrogen loss amount.
9. method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
The sensor of the described container top being arranged on perfusion liquid nitrogen is platinum resistance temperature sensor.
10. a kind of detection means of high-temperature superconducting block caloric value is it is characterised in that this device includes：At least two sensors,
Signal gathering unit, data transmission unit, caloric value estimation unit and memorizer；
Described sensor is separately positioned on top and bottom in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen；
Signal gathering unit, the sensor measurement for receiving the top being arranged in the container of perfusion liquid nitrogen obtains current temperature
Degrees of data, and the temperature data receiving storage in memory and is sent to described data transmission unit；
Described data transmission unit, for being sent to caloric value estimation unit by temperature data；
Described caloric value estimation unit, for, in advance under stabilizing magnetic field, the sensor according to being arranged on container inner top measures
The temperature data obtaining, is calculated the first liquid nitrogen loss amount in preset duration for the described container；When being in variation magnetic field
When, the temperature data that the sensor measurement according to being arranged on container inner top obtains, it is calculated described container described default
The second liquid nitrogen loss amount in duration；According to the difference of the first liquid nitrogen loss amount and the second liquid nitrogen loss amount, it is calculated setting
Heating in described preset duration for the high-temperature superconductor bulk in container and under being immersed in liquid nitrogen and being in variation magnetic field
Amount；
Described memorizer, for storage temperature data.
11. devices according to claim 10 are it is characterised in that described caloric value estimation unit further includes：Liquid level
Height Estimation module and caloric value computing module；
Described liquid level estimation module, is arranged on, for basis, the Current Temperatures number that the sensor measurement of container inner top obtains
According to, be calculated in real time in container current fluid level height, thus respectively obtaining initial time and the termination of described preset duration
The liquid level in moment；
Described caloric value computing module, for the liquid level of the initial time according to described preset duration and end time, counts
Calculate and obtain the liquid level drop-out value in preset duration inner pressurd vessel；First liquid nitrogen loss amount is calculated according to described liquid level drop-out value
Or the second liquid nitrogen loss amount.
12. devices according to claim 11 are it is characterised in that described liquid level estimation module still further comprises：
Model generates submodule, calculating sub module and revises submodule；
Described model generates submodule, for setting up state-space model previously according to actual measured data of experiment, and generates
Meet the particle collection of the particle of liquid level prior probability distribution including one group of distribution characteristics；
Described calculating sub module, works as according to described state-space model, particle collection and current temperature data, being calculated
The estimated value of front liquid level；
Described correction submodule, for being repaiied to the estimated value of calculated current fluid level height by particle filter algorithm
Just, obtain revised current fluid level height.
13. devices according to claim 10 it is characterised in that：
Described sensor is platinum resistance temperature sensor.
14. devices according to claim 10 it is characterised in that：
Described data transmission unit is radio transmitting device or wired transmission device.
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