CN106441221B - The method for surveying and drawing cross-section surface treatment is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development - Google Patents

The method for surveying and drawing cross-section surface treatment is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development Download PDF

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CN106441221B
CN106441221B CN201610775430.XA CN201610775430A CN106441221B CN 106441221 B CN106441221 B CN 106441221B CN 201610775430 A CN201610775430 A CN 201610775430A CN 106441221 B CN106441221 B CN 106441221B
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point
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stake
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CN106441221A (en
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王月明
宫帅良
吕晓琪
张宝华
张瑶瑶
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Inner Mongolia University of Science and Technology
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    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01CMEASURING DISTANCES, LEVELS OR BEARINGS; SURVEYING; NAVIGATION; GYROSCOPIC INSTRUMENTS; PHOTOGRAMMETRY OR VIDEOGRAMMETRY
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Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of methods realized based on AutoCAD secondary development and survey and draw cross-section surface treatment.It is screened by cass data machine plotting, middle stake, by traverse point line, it generates cross-section auxiliary line data set and can need to export cross-section data by user, processing, calculating earth volume etc. to realize cross section in mapping provide technical support, the method realizes the quick processing in cross section using the secondary development function VBA of common software AutoCAD, not only efficient and convenient, but also is not necessarily to input, cross-section data-handling efficiency in mapping operations can be substantially improved, there is extensive application value.

Description

The method for surveying and drawing cross-section surface treatment is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of mapping, and in particular to one kind realizing cross-section face data based on AutoCAD secondary development The method of processing.
Background technology
In recent years, universal in section survey with GPS RTK technologies, field operation operation tends to be convenient, and working efficiency is not Disconnected to be promoted, this also results in being significantly increased for interior industry data volume, and interior industry processing method is based on manual operations at present, and treatment effeciency is low Under, it cannot be satisfied the process demand of high-volume data.Therefore data processing efficiency how is promoted, it has also become promote section and survey Measure the key of whole work efficiency.
Engineering survey application surface is extensive, and in field process, the method for the instrumentation and testing used is on the increase.In tradition Engineering survey in, due to productivity, the backwardness of the tool of production, data processing technique so that the production of interior industry and field operation is serious de- Section.Data structure disunity, artificial link is more, and processing time is long, and total quality is difficult to supervise, with wanting for Mapping Informatization production Gap is sought.Instantly it being greatly improved before engineering survey field process efficiency ratio, interior industry efficiency relatively lags behind, so Need to try to improve the working efficiency of interior industry.
Currently, when using GPS RTK gathered datas, two methods are used in terms of cross-section data processing substantially:(1)Outside Industry requires every cross-section input regulation to call the roll when acquiring, different cross-section to identify.This method is perfectly facing data and is operated, nothing Method realizes visualization, and the problem of cross-section data acquire cannot be found from machine plotting data.In addition, this method is wanted in field data acquisition It asks input regulation to call the roll, be easy error and field operation operating efficiency can be reduced.(2)By field data machine plotting, by hand to every section Line, using DWSMSK softwares, frame selects each cross-section respectively later, stake mileage calculation and is exported in input.The advantages of this method It is operation visualization, but data processing is comparatively laborious, efficiency is low, and the method increase the probability for generating human error.
The present invention is based on carry out secondary development to CAD (Computer Aided Design, CAD) to come Industry data are a kind of effective methods in processing.On the basis of AutoCAD, embedded CAD secondary development tools VBA is utilized (Visual Basic for ApplicationsVBA are a kind of macrolanguages of Visual Basic)Carry out secondary development.It is real The immediate processing method of cross section data processing in mapping is showed.It can be exported according to the data format that user needs, make original This cumbersome processing procedure becomes intuitive, simply to improve industry efficiency in mapping.
Invention content
In order to improve engineering survey interior work efficiency, Mapping Informatization level is improved, the present invention provides a kind of utilization The method that cross-section surface treatment is realized in AutoCAD secondary development, the method are carried out using embedded CAD secondary development tools VBA Secondary development realizes the immediate processing method of cross-section face data in mapping.
By cass data machine plottings, middle stake screening uses automatic connecting, cross by traverse point line in traverse point line The three kinds of methods of manual line and the manual line of traverse point that break are realized, are ultimately produced cross-section auxiliary line data set, are needed by user Export cross-section data.The cross-section data generated are to realize the processing in cross section in the working service of downstream, calculate earth volume etc. to provide Technical support.So that originally cumbersome processing procedure is become intuitive, simple and improves industry efficiency in mapping.
To realize that above-mentioned target, the present invention use following technical scheme in terms of traverse point line:
(1) slope of stake point angular bisector during judges
Referring to attached drawing 1, the slope of stake point angular bisector in each is calculated according to the tandem of middle stake, angular bisector is close Like shown in the specific formula for calculation such as formula (1-1) of slope:
(1-1)
Wherein k1For the slope of stake line in stake in this and upper one, k2For the slope of stake in this and next middle stake line.
Utilize approximated slope k and middle stake pointLinear equation can be done, is brought intoFormer and later two in stake Point is judged, if 2 points are located at the same side, angle separated time slope mistake, correct angle separated time slope should be。 If 2 points of angular bisector slopes not if homonymy at this time be required slope, above method may be defined as function progress Judge.
Calculate bivector multiplication cross
Shown in bivector multiplication cross formula such as formula (1-2):
(1-2)
In formulaFor middle stake point coordinates,For previous middle stake point coordinates(It is front and back by before vertical disconnected It is distinguished into direction),For elevation point coordinates in choice set GCDXZJ_HD.Pass through after multiplication crossPositive and negative determination In the left and right of middle anchoring wire.
Calculate distance between beeline and dot
(3.1) the manual wiring algorithm of transversal
The distance for the straight line that all the points are formed to left and right endpoint in choice set is sought using distance between beeline and dot formula, point is to directly Shown in linear distance formula such as formula (1-3):
(1-3)
In formulaWithFor any two points on the straight line that is formed with left and right endpoint(Generally left and right two Extreme coordinates),For the arbitrary point in choice set.
(3.2) automatic connecting algorithm
According to "(1)The linear equation such as formula of the angular bisector of stake point during the slope of stake point angular bisector in judgement " was built (1-4)It is shown:
(1-4)
Utilize a bit of formula calculating on straight line(Can be by adding 1 in middle stake point X axis coordinate, it is right in linear equation to find out The Y value answered)With 2 points on middle stake point composition straight line [in corresponding 1-3With], it utilizes formula (1-3) Other points are carried out in calculating choice set [in corresponding 1-3] arrive the straight line distance.
, invention main points
A method of it is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development and surveys and draws cross-section surface treatment, it is characterised in that:The method is logical Cass data machine plottings are crossed, middle stake screening by traverse point line, generates cross-section auxiliary line data set, needs to export by user horizontal Disconnected data, processing, calculating earth volume etc. to realize cross section in mapping provide technical support.
The middle stake screening refers to the measurement work according to circuit to a direction topographic profile, finds out middle stake data exhibition Point, the entitled mileage of middle stake point and the band "+" number before measurement data, such as " 0+100 ", pass through raw data file centering stake and click through Row identification pre-processes data after opening data, and the data of leave strip "+" are defaulted as middle stake, and stake data set in formation data_zz。
The traverse point line is divided into the manual line of automatic connecting, transversal and traverse point three kinds of modes of manual line.Its The middle manual line of traverse point is to use traditional point-to-point hand connection mode.
Automatic connecting includes the following steps in the traverse point line:
1)Buffering area numerical value is set, threshold value is set, chooses traverse point choice set with mouse drag rectangle frame, it is horizontal to choose data Cut Selection collection data is then defaulted as the full lectotype of data traverse point without mouse selection.
2)Defined function, according to the tandem of middle stake, each middle stake point data and position in ergodic data collection data_zz It sets, and according to middle stake Data Position before and after stake point in this, calculates middle stake point and judge that stake point is close in this with its front and back middle stake slope Like the slope of angular bisector;Traverse point auxiliary line near linear is built according to the slope of each middle stake point angular bisector approximate with its Function.
3)Traverse choice set data, calculate each traverse point to its correspondence traverse point auxiliary line near linear function away from From choice set being screened again according to user's given threshold, if less than being selected into the choice set GCDXZJ_ newly created if user's setting value HD;
4)Choice set GCDXZJ_HD is traversed, corresponding middle stake point carries out bivector multiplication cross formula and can determine whether out this item Traverse point auxiliary line whole elevational point is in the left and right of direction of advance;It is cross-section by asking 2 range formulas that can find with middle stake point Most left endpoint;
5)All traverse points in choice set GCDXZJ_HD are traversed, corresponding cross-section most left traverse point is calculated into row distance, Using caving area, according to from left to right, sequence from the near to the distant creates the choosing of stake point in this to measuring height of section point line Select collection.
6)Above-mentioned 2 are executed to stake point in each in data set data_zz)To 5)Step forms the difference of stake point in difference Choice set.
The manual line of transversal includes the following steps in the traverse point line:
1)Buffering area numerical value is set, threshold value is set.Transversal or so endpoint is chosen, is established using left and right endpoint as rectangle frame Choice set;When the transversal of selection is horizontal or vertical straight line, is established and selected as rectangle frame using two times of width of user setting threshold value Select collection.
2)Choice set is traversed, the straight line that all the points are formed to left and right endpoint in choice set is sought using distance between beeline and dot formula Distance;
3)It is screened according to threshold value set by user, when point of the distance between beeline and dot less than threshold value, is assigned to new choosing Select collection GCDXZJ_HD.
4)All traverse points in choice set GCDXZJ_HD are traversed, corresponding cross-section most left traverse point is calculated into row distance, Using caving area, according to from left to right, sequence from the near to the distant creates the choosing of stake point in this to measuring height of section point line Select collection.
This method is the method for realizing cross-section surface treatment using AutoCAD, VBA secondary development.And it carries out in the present context Middle stake screening establishes choice set, connects multi-line section, measure distance, pluck altitude data, data output.
The cross-section auxiliary line data set of generation is to generate data subset by Software Create according to middle pile No., export " * .CSV " Outcome Document can carry out cross section at figure, at the feelings that can be intuitive to see every cross section after figure with third party software Condition can be that the processing that cross section is realized in the working service of downstream, calculating earth volume etc. provide reliable technical support.
The advantages of the present invention are:It is realized using the secondary development function VBA of common software AutoCAD cross-section The quick processing in face, it is not only efficient and convenient, but also it is not necessarily to input, cross-section data processing effect in mapping operations can be substantially improved Rate has extensive application value.
Description of the drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Fig. 1 is traverse point automatic connecting result figure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is traverse point automatic connecting run macro dialog boxes screenshot capture of the present invention.
Error in data prompt figure when Fig. 3 is traverse point automatic connecting of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is that cross-section data of the present invention export the cross-section at illustrated example of result generation.
Fig. 5 is the flow chart of cross section processing method of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
Embodiment
Referring to attached drawing 1-5, according to above-mentioned steps and method, we carry out cross section using the data of certain map service of designing institute Processing.
A method of it is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development and surveys and draws cross-section surface treatment, the method passes through cass data Machine plotting, middle stake screening, by traverse point line, generates cross-section auxiliary line data set, needs to export cross-section data by user, to survey It paints the middle processing for realizing cross section, calculating earth volume etc. and technical support is provided.
A method of it is realized based on AutoCAD secondary development and surveys and draws cross-section surface treatment, the described method comprises the following steps:
1)The initial data of GPS RTK acquisitions
It is as shown in table 1 that the initial data of GPS RTK acquisitions forms cass data machine plottings.
Table 1.CASS machine plotting format samples
The 1st row to the 5th row are followed successively by the adopted data of GPS RTK from left to right in table 1.:Roll-call, attribute, Y coordinate, X-coordinate, Elevation(It is normal high), one detail point data of each behavior.
2)Middle stake screening
Middle stake screening refers to the measurement work according to circuit to a direction topographic profile, finds out middle stake data machine plotting, in Entitled mileage and the band "+" number before measurement data, such as " 0+100 " are put in stake, are known by raw data file centering stake point Not, after opening data, data are pre-processed, the data of leave strip "+" are defaulted as middle stake.
3)Traverse point line
Traverse point line is divided into three kinds of connection modes, the manual line of automatic connecting, transversal and the manual line of traverse point.One As in engineering, carry out automatic connecting first(Work efficiency is high), when automatic connecting it is certain place easily when the error occurs, such as Closer in certain middle stake periods and middle stake point is set to sharp turn inflection point, can part measurement point use transversal manual line or cross-section The manual line of point is implemented to repair to mistake.
3.1)Automatic connecting
Referring to attached drawing 1 and attached drawing 5, automatic connecting process is:
First VBA programs are loaded in the input Appload orders of CAD order lines(Also Auto Loader can be realized), then it is defeated It is macro to enter vbarun orders startup(If desired the program that VBA writes is run in order line, need to be write in conjunction with VLISP), such as Shown in Fig. 2, " cross-section setting-out Auto " option is selected.Select file dialog box is popped up at this time, and user is needed to select field data acquisition Raw data file, data format are table 1.CASS machine plotting formats.Automatic connecting can be completed after choosing file.
3.2)The manual line of transversal
It, can be by the manual line function of transversal to having if mistake easily occur in certain transversals when using automatic connecting function The section line of mistake carries out line again.
3.3)The manual line of traverse point
When the error occurs using automatic connecting function or the certain traverse points of the manual line function of transversal, traverse point can be passed through Manual line function carries out line again to vicious traverse point.
4)Cross-section data calculate and miscue
It inputs vbarun orders and starts macro, the cross-section data options of selection calculating, software will be prompted to user's selection initial data File, format is the same as table 1.The whole multi-section-lines of after-frame choosing calculated, calculating, which finishes two-dimentional multi-section-line, will become blue, if multistage Line have node do not capture the elevational point center of circle or nodal point separation this it is cross-section too far then program can draw a circle automatically and pop up dialog box into Row prompt.Effect is as shown in Fig. 3.
5)Format exports
Cross-section data can be exported after generating by different user demands, after output using computer mapping software at figure, The functions such as areal calculation, volume calculating carry out cross section into figure, cross-sectional area calculating, Earthwork Calculation etc..
5.1)Export cross-section data of the * .CSV at bitmap-format
* .CSV is the surveying and mapping result for generating cross-sectional view and needing, specific data format such as table 2 at the cross-section achievement of bitmap-format.
Table 2.*.CSV format samples
Note:* item is middle stake pile No., is placed in first trip
First is classified as cross-section each point with a distance from middle stake in table 2, and "-" represents the point on a direction of advance left side, during " 0 " represents Stake, positive number represent the point on the direction of advance right side.Second is classified as the corresponding height value of point.Every a line is 0+041 in addition to first trip The performance data of a cross-section upper point.
Data prediction only retains the data with "+" of calling the roll, and is defaulted as vertical disconnected data.Choice set is established, all cross are chosen Broken string.Pass through vertical broken string(It is traversed by the coordinate sequence of Polyline two dimension multi-section-lines)Plane coordinatesIt searches Whether there is or not the identical points of plane coordinates in cross-section, and the point must be this transversal middle stake if having.
It is output to the sequence such as table 2 when * .CSV formats, is first pile No., pile No. of stake is Excel initial data in this In roll-call.The middle pilespacing and elevation of behavior traverse point later.The method for specifically obtaining this two item data is:From cross-section two dimension * .Coordinates () attribute of multi-section-line is in order(From left to right)Extract coordinate, with middle stakeFor A bit, with distance between two points formula, the distance that sequence point is specified in middle stake to transversal can be found out, while using * .Coordinates () attribute extracts the corresponding height value of every bit.
5.2) the cross-section data of * .txt formats are exported
* .txt formats are another formats that certain map service of designing institute provides surveying and mapping result, this format is for designing, planning Sections carry out into figure, calculate the uses such as earth volume.* .CSV formatted files and * .txt formatted files are the difference is that the latter The number of cross-section middle stake left-right dots is counted, left and right is no longer distinguished with "-".Specific data format is as shown in table 3.
3 * .txt format samples of table
3 format of table is:
A X Y
a1 b1 a2 b2 a3 b3...
Wherein A is middle stake pile No., and X is the number in direction of advance left side point(Including middle stake point), Y is on the direction of advance right side The number of edge point, a are the distance of all elevational points relatively middle stake from left to right, and b is the height value of the elevational point.
By the file of * .CSV formats, pile No., distance and elevation information in can get.The number of middle stake or so elevational point Do statement can be used, capable counting is added by variable certainly.And distance and elevation information can also be carried out certainly with string variable Add, is exported after adding up all characters.The cross-section data that can be obtained * .txt formats according to established form output of each.
6)Cross section is at figure
* .CSV Outcome Documents can carry out cross section into figure with third party software, at can intuitively see every cross after figure The case where section, referring to attached drawing 4.In figure, pile No. is located at figure top, and inverted triangle represents this cross-section middle stake position.
Finally it should be noted that:Obviously, the above embodiment is merely an example for clearly illustrating the present invention, and simultaneously The non-restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the art, it can also do on the basis of the above description Go out other various forms of variations or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And thus drawn The obvious changes or variations of stretching are still in the protection scope of this invention.

Claims (4)

1. a kind of realizing the method for surveying and drawing cross-section surface treatment based on AutoCAD secondary development, it is characterised in that:The method passes through Cass data machine plottings, middle stake screening, by traverse point line, generate cross-section auxiliary line data set, need to export by user cross-section Data provide technical support to realize the processing in cross section in mapping, calculating earth volume;
The middle stake screening refers to the measurement work according to circuit to a direction topographic profile, finds out middle stake data machine plotting, in Entitled mileage and the band "+" number before measurement data are put in stake, are identified by raw data file centering stake point, and data are opened Afterwards, data are pre-processed, the data of leave strip "+" are defaulted as middle stake, and stake data set data_zz in formation;
The traverse point line is divided into the manual line of automatic connecting, transversal and traverse point three kinds of modes of manual line;It is wherein horizontal The manual line of breakpoint is to use traditional point-to-point hand connection mode;
Automatic connecting includes the following steps in the traverse point line:
1)Buffering area numerical value is set, threshold value is set, chooses traverse point choice set with mouse drag rectangle frame, chooses data traverse point Choice set data is then defaulted as the full lectotype of data traverse point without mouse selection;
2)Defined function, according to the tandem of middle stake, each middle stake point data and position in stake data set data_zz in traversal It sets, and according to middle stake Data Position before and after stake point in this, calculates middle stake point and judge that stake point is close in this with its front and back middle stake slope Like the slope of angular bisector;Traverse point auxiliary line near linear is built according to the slope of each middle stake point angular bisector approximate with its Function;
3)Choice set data is traversed, each traverse point is calculated and corresponds to the distance of traverse point auxiliary line near linear function to it, Choice set is screened again according to user's given threshold, and the choice set GCDXZJ_HD newly created is selected into if being less than user's setting value;
4)Choice set GCDXZJ_HD is traversed, corresponding middle stake point carries out bivector multiplication cross formula and can determine whether out that this is cross-section Point auxiliary line whole elevational point is in the left and right of direction of advance;It is cross-section most left by asking 2 range formulas that can find with middle stake point Endpoint;
5)All traverse points in choice set GCDXZJ_HD are traversed, corresponding cross-section most left traverse point is calculated into row distance, is utilized Caving area, according to from left to right, sequence from the near to the distant creates the selection of stake point in this to measuring height of section point line Collection;
6)Above-mentioned 2 are executed to stake point in each in data set data_zz)To 5)Step forms the different selections of stake point in difference Collection.
2. a kind of method for realizing the cross-section surface treatment of mapping based on AutoCAD secondary development as described in claim 1, feature It is, the manual line of transversal includes the following steps in the traverse point line:
1)Buffering area numerical value is set, threshold value is set;Transversal or so endpoint is chosen, selection is established using left and right endpoint as rectangle frame Collection;When the transversal of selection is horizontal or vertical straight line, choice set is established as rectangle frame using two times of width of user setting threshold value;
2)Traverse choice set, using distance between beeline and dot formula ask the straight line that all the points are formed to left and right endpoint in choice set away from From;
3)It is screened according to threshold value set by user, when point of the distance between beeline and dot less than threshold value, is assigned to new choice set GCDXZJ_HD;
4)All traverse points in choice set GCDXZJ_HD are traversed, corresponding cross-section most left traverse point is calculated into row distance, is utilized Caving area, according to from left to right, sequence from the near to the distant creates the selection of stake point in this to measuring height of section point line Collection.
3. a kind of method for realizing the cross-section surface treatment of mapping based on AutoCAD secondary development as claimed in claim 2, feature It is:This method is the method for realizing cross-section surface treatment using AutoCAD, VBA secondary development;And realizing cross-section surface treatment ring Stake screens, establishes choice set, connect multi-line section, measure distance, pluck altitude data, data output in being carried out under border.
4. a kind of method for realizing the cross-section surface treatment of mapping based on AutoCAD secondary development as claimed in claim 3, feature It is:The cross-section auxiliary line data set of generation is to generate data subset by Software Create according to middle pile No., export " * .CSV " Outcome Document, can carry out cross section into figure with third party software, at can be intuitive to see every cross section after figure Situation can provide reliable technical support to realize the processing in cross section in the working service of downstream, calculating earth volume.
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