CN106441129A - Analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching - Google Patents
Analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching Download PDFInfo
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- CN106441129A CN106441129A CN201611082971.0A CN201611082971A CN106441129A CN 106441129 A CN106441129 A CN 106441129A CN 201611082971 A CN201611082971 A CN 201611082971A CN 106441129 A CN106441129 A CN 106441129A
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- measurement
- annual ring
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- measuring method
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B11/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques
- G01B11/08—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of optical techniques for measuring diameters
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
- G01B5/0035—Measuring of dimensions of trees
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Length Measuring Devices With Unspecified Measuring Means (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching. The method is suitable for forest measurement practice of forestry major and capable of accurately measuring annual ring diameter of annular ring discs of analytic wood. A device comprises a sliding rail (1), sliders (2), a grating ruler body (3), a grating ruler reading head (4), a data display meter (5), a fixing support (6), sliding handles (7), two positioning pointers (8), a tray (9), a crossed fixing clamp (10), a rotating base (11) and a fixing switch (12). The method has the advantages that high-accuracy bidirectional simultaneous measurement can be realized; the two positioning pointers are arranged and can freely move horizontally, can quickly and accurately position end points on two sides of each annular ring and can perform high-accuracy measurement.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method is used in a kind of teaching it is adaptable to the tree surveying of under-forest resource is practised
During, accurately the method for measurement analytic tree year wheel disc annual ring diameter, is also applied for forestry research application.
Background technology
During the tree surveying of student is practised, for the growth rhythm of trees in the middle of accurate evaluation standing forest, need in woods
Select one plant of normal wood in point, cuted down, and according to analytic tree computing formula, trunk is pressed differing heights to intercept certain thickness
Trunk cross section（Year wheel disc）, and indicate the direction of year wheel disc；Then laboratory is returned in whole the obtained annual ring dribbling of tree
Carry out a year wheel measurement（Including each year wheel diameter on each year wheel disc different directions, and the annual ring quantity on year wheel disc）,
And be analyzed for the annual ring data of measurement；The growth rhythm of this trees can be analyzed according to parsing annual ring data（Gao Sheng
Long, Diameter growth）, and then the arboreal growth rule of the whole standing forest of supposition, for this standing forest, feasible forest management and administration rule are proposed
Draw.
Year wheel disc parsing data is extremely important for forest management and administration, and the accuracy of data directly influences business planning
Formulation.Current analytic tree year, wheel disc measuring method mainly had two big class：The first kind is direct measuring method, direct measuring method
Generally include two kinds, one kind is directly to carry out annual ring diameter measurement with slide gauge, and another kind is using annual ring measuring system（As
The LinTab of external exploitation）Measure；Equations of The Second Kind is indirect measurement method, by taking a picture or scanning, image is saved in meter
In calculation machine, then using computer software, annual ring is measured.Annual ring width can be carried out more smart using these methods
True measurement, but these measuring methods also all have certain deficiency.
Existing year, wheel disc measuring method subject matter was：（1）Existing frequently-used vernier caliper measurement method, in the mistake of measurement
Because the year wheel disc of measurement is plane in journey, the both sides that slide gauge navigates to annual ring simultaneously need to spend longer time, and
And due to the problem of stability and the problem of slide calliper rule angles during operation, extreme influence is to the precision of measurement；（2）Cannot be real
Wheel two-way simultaneous measurement now, the operation principle of annual ring measuring system is so that annual ring is moved down in the visual field by the handwheel horizontally rotating
Dynamic, when annual ring boundary overlaps with microscopical hair cross, control mouse records measurement data in a program, the asking of this method
Topic is to need first to determine this annual ring during the diameter measuring a certain annual ring, then will carry year wheel disc platform and pass through handwheel
Be moved into the another side of this annual ring, so measure successively each annual ring diameter when, be required for making that platform is reciprocal runs one
Secondary, so significantly increase the time required for measurement, be additionally, since only one of which point and measure, be moved through in platform
It is easily lost the border of the another side of annual ring in journey,（Width between annual ring measuring system measurement preferably annual ring, is not suitable for surveying
Amount year wheel diameter）；（3）Image measuring method needs first image to be scanned, then using professional computer software ability
Realize, operating process is loaded down with trivial details；（4）The software that annual ring measuring system and image measuring method are required for specialty just enables, therefore
System cost is all very high；（5）Year wheel disc due to during cutting variable thickness cause, cannot be by the carrying platform of annual ring measuring system
Year wheel disc is balanced, and can produce considerable influence to certainty of measurement.
Content of the invention
1st, problem to be solved
For all existing now with annual ring method for measuring width in technology, certainty of measurement is not high, and time of measuring is oversize, and instrument becomes
This excessively high deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of teaching analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method, can realize year by the present invention
The accurately and fast measurement of wheel disc, has structure simply simultaneously, and stability is high, low manufacture cost, can show measurement result in real time
The advantages of.
2nd, technical scheme
For solving the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of teaching analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method, it includes slide rail, slide block, grating scale blade, grating scale reading
Several, digital display meter, fixed support, sliding handle, positioning needle, pallet, cross fixation clamp, rotating base, fixing switch.Described cunning
Block has 3, is arranged on slide rail；Grating scale blade two ends are fixed on the slide block of both sides, during grating ruler reading head is fixed on
Between slide block on, digital display meter is connected with grating ruler reading head by wire；Slide rail two ends are fixed on fixed support；Sliding handle
Totally 2, it is separately fixed at two slide block sides of the leftmost side, that is, the left slider of fixed grating chi blade and fixed grating chi are read
The slide block of several；Positioning needle is arranged on sliding handle；Pallet is fixed on above rotating base；Cross fixation clamp is arranged on pallet
On, fixing switch is arranged on the side of rotating base.
Preferably, described slide rail is provided with 3 slide blocks, grating scale blade two ends are fixed on the slide block of both sides, light
Grid ruler reading head is fixed on the slide block of centre；Read head and blade need keeping parallelism, middle ware away from for 2.5mm, grating scale
Blade and read head all can be moved freely by the slide block on slide rail, realize year wheel diameter bidirectional measurement.
Preferably, described slide rail is high accuracy line slide rail, and slide block keeps level, linear slide, slide rail on slide rail
Length need more than 1 meter, slide block be lightweight aluminum alloy materials.
Preferably, described optical grating ruler measurement precision is 5um, and useful range is more than 600mm, because the 0 of large diameter grade trees
Number year wheel disc（Usage tree root）Diameter can reach 600mm.
Preferably, described digital display meter is connected with grating scale by the data wire on grating scale, shows numerical value, digital display meter
On have output interface, can store data in computer.
Preferably, described fixed support is fixed on the two ends of slide rail, plays fixed rack effect.
Preferably, described sliding handle has two, and a sliding handle is fixed on the side of fixing reading head slider, separately
One sliding handle is fixed on the slide block side in the left side of fixing blade, and two decreased food are equal, protrude horizontally up, apart from slide block
15-20cm, each sliding handle afterbody has individual lever, holds lever, grating scale can be driven to move horizontally, carry out annual ring straight
Footpath measures.
Preferably, described positioning needle bottom is needle-like, and top is a plane, stretches out from the lever center of sliding handle,
Positioning needle passes through the built-in spring of lever, is held in position pin and upsprings all the way up, and highly equal, determining on two sliding handles
Position pin needs and grating scale keeping parallelism, and positioning needle vertical lift, and when positioning needle bottom connects, grating scale numerical value is 0；?
During measurement, place a thumb on the top of positioning needle, positioning needle is pressed by thumb, positioning needle is navigated to the border of annual ring
On, measure, measurement terminates, thumb unclamps positioning needle and upsprings reset；.
Preferably, described pallet is circle, and upper surface posts slipmat, and cross recess pallet having width be 1cm is straight
Reach at the diameter 2cm of the pallet center of circle, tray bottom center is fixed on rotating base, and pallet can be dismantled, change, to fit
Answer the year wheel disc of different-diameter；Cross fixation clamp totally four, being separately mounted to disc centre is in that on cross molded line, cross is fixed
Folder is arranged on below pallet, and the clamping bar of cross fixation clamp reaches pallet top by the cross recess of pallet, and each is located on pallet
The clamping bar in portion has several pointed projections towards the part in pallet center of circle direction, is easy to fix year wheel disc, makes plane on year wheel disc
Holding level, improves certainty of measurement；Cross fixation clamp can adjust fixation clamp away from tray center by the turn-knob of tray bottom
Distance, with meet different-diameter year wheel disc fixation；Fixing switch is located at rotating base side, can control turning of rotary shaft
Dynamic.
This measuring method adopts can put part with the measurement part of two-way simultaneous measurement with year wheel disc（Pallet, cross are solid
Clamp）Form an organic whole, two parts are all indispensable parts in this measuring method, only in this way can
Ensure precision and the efficiency of year wheel disc measurement.
3rd, beneficial effect
A kind of teaching that the present invention provides uses analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method, and its advantage is：
（1）The measurement of high accuracy two-way simultaneous can be realized, this measuring method has two positioning pointers, and two pointers all can be free
Move horizontally, can fast and accurately position the both sides end points of each annual ring, and carry out high-acruracy survey；
（2）Base portion is adapted to the year wheel disc of different-diameter；By cross fixation clamp, the measuring surface of year wheel disc can be adjusted
Whole level, even if the annual ring disc thickness intercepting is irregularly it is also possible to ensure measuring surface level by the fixing of cross fixation clamp, can
To improve certainty of measurement；Rotating base can adjust a year wheel disc, makes to need measurement direction parallel with grating scale, and is switched with fixing
Control the rotation of pallet；
（3）This measuring method is surveyed i.e. gained, and measurement result directly shows on digital display meter；And it is empty to have reserved extension
Between, can output data to be stored on computer by the ECP Extended Capabilities Port on digital display meter.
（4）This measuring method not only can not measure analytic tree year wheel disc it is also possible to the measurement annual ring bar that drills through of growth cone,
And can easily and fast, accurately measure the distance between any two annual ring.
Brief description
The present invention is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the main structure figure of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side block diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the overlooking structure figure of the present invention.
In figure：1 slide rail, 2 slide blocks, 3 grating scale blades, 4 grating ruler reading heads, 5 digital display meters, 6 fixed supports, 7 slip handss
Handle, 8 positioning needles, 9 pallets, 10 cross fixation clamps, 11 rotating bases, 12 fixing switches.
Specific embodiment
As illustrated, a kind of teaching analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method, by slide rail（1）, slide block（2）, grating scale chi
Body（3）, grating ruler reading head（4）, digital display meter（5）, fixed support（6）, sliding handle（7）, positioning needle（8）, pallet（9）, ten
Word fixation clamp（10）, rotating base（11）, fixing switch（12）Constitute.
When carrying out the wheel disc measurement of analytic tree year using the method for this invention, the first step, need at year sheave surface
Reason（As polishing, leveling）Make the annual ring of year sheave surface be easy to observe, all directions direction of year wheel disc is marked；Second
Step, year wheel disc is placed on pallet（9）On, use cross fixation clamp（10）The side clamping year wheel disc is fixed, such side
Face can prevent measurement when year wheel disc be moved, on the other hand can ensure that making thickness irregular year wheel disc measurement
Face can keep level, year the putting position of wheel disc the medulla of year wheel disc should be made to be located at two positioning needles（8）Upright projection line
On；3rd step, rotary-tray（9）Make year wheel disc direction to be measured and positioning needle（8）Line upright projection overlaps；4th step,
With fixing switch（12）By rotating base（11）Locked, prevent pallet（9）Rotate；5th step, both hands hold sliding handle respectively
（7）, by two sliding handles（7）To sliding together, make two positioning needles（8）Needle point connect, press digital display meter（5）On tune
Zero button measures equipment zeroing；6th step, left and right drags sliding handle（7）Band movable slider（2）, grating scale blade（3）Light
Grid ruler reading head（4）Relative movement, visually confirms the right boundary of annual ring to be measured, presses positioning needle with thumb（8）Carry out essence
Determine position, positioning needle（8）Needle point is pricked on the right boundary of annual ring to be measured, now digital display meter（5）The reading of upper display is should
Annual ring diameter length in this direction, is recorded；Then measure the diameter of adjacent annual ring successively, record.
After one orientation measurement terminates, unclamp fixing switch（12）, rotary-tray（9）Want measurement direction to the next one, lock
Dead rotating base（11）, repeat the 6th step and proceed to measure.
Select the year wheel disc that a piece of annual ring is 10 years, be respectively adopted the vernier caliper measurement method of routine and the side of the present invention
Method carries out 3 repeated measure to it, and the precision of measurement data and consuming time are contrasted the essence it is contemplated that slide gauge
Degree, certainty of measurement takes 0.1mm.Because annual ring measuring system adopts unidirectional measurement, wide between the annual ring carrying out annual ring bar preferably
Degree measures, and to the diameter of measurement year wheel disc, the consuming time is huge, and here is not contrasted.
The measurement result such as following table of the measuring method of vernier caliper measurement method and the present invention.
Because the grating scale precision that the present invention adopts is 5um, in upper table, the data of the present invention is the result after rounding up,
In order to be contrasted with vernier caliper measurement method.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of teaching analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method, by slide rail（1）, slide block（2）, grating scale blade（3）, grating scale
Read head（4）, digital display meter（5）, fixed support（6）, sliding handle（7）, positioning needle（8）, pallet（9）, cross fixation clamp（10）,
Rotating base（11）, fixing switch（12）Constitute；It is characterized in that：Slide block（2）Have 3, be arranged on slide rail；Grating scale blade
（3）Two ends are fixed on the slide block of both sides（2）On, grating ruler reading head（4）It is fixed on the slide block of centre（2）On, digital display meter（5）Logical
Cross wire and grating ruler reading head（4）Connect；Slide rail（1）Two ends are fixed on fixed support（6）On；Sliding handle（7）Totally 2,
It is separately fixed at two slide blocks of the leftmost side（2）Side；Positioning needle（8）It is arranged on sliding handle（7）On；Pallet（9）It is fixed on
Rotating base（11）Top；Cross fixation clamp（10）It is arranged on pallet（9）On, fixing switch（12）It is arranged on rotating base（11）
Side.
2. a kind of teaching according to claim 1 with analytic tree annual ring diameter measuring method it is characterised in that grating scale chi
Body（3）With grating ruler reading head（4）Can be in slide rail（1）Upper any way moving.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611082971.0A CN106441129A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611082971.0A CN106441129A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN106441129A true CN106441129A (en) | 2017-02-22 |
Family
ID=58224184
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201611082971.0A Pending CN106441129A (en) | 2016-11-30 | 2016-11-30 | Analytic wood annular ring diameter measuring method for teaching |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN106441129A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106705918A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-24 | 上海威纳工程技术有限公司 | Precise measurement instrument and method for internal and external diameters of large-diameter seal ring |
| CN114923421A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-19 | 王建明 | Forestry is with adjustable standing tree refill fixing device and this fixing device's application procedure |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87202639U (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1988-03-23 | 北京航空学院 | Rotating diameter measurer of boring cutter |
| JP2009047551A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-03-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Instrument for measuring optical characteristic, scanning optical system unit, and image forming device |
| CN202994092U (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-06-12 | 重庆奥博铝材制造有限公司 | Grating ruler measurement device used for aluminum coil |
| CN205493407U (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-08-24 | 洪锐 | Desk drinking cup tray |
| CN205587984U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-09-21 | 温四妹 | Rotatory wheel hub block |
| CN206300616U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-04 | 北华大学 | One kind teaching analytic tree annual ring measurement device of diameter |
-
2016
- 2016-11-30 CN CN201611082971.0A patent/CN106441129A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN87202639U (en) * | 1987-03-04 | 1988-03-23 | 北京航空学院 | Rotating diameter measurer of boring cutter |
| JP2009047551A (en) * | 2007-08-20 | 2009-03-05 | Ricoh Co Ltd | Instrument for measuring optical characteristic, scanning optical system unit, and image forming device |
| CN202994092U (en) * | 2012-11-16 | 2013-06-12 | 重庆奥博铝材制造有限公司 | Grating ruler measurement device used for aluminum coil |
| CN205587984U (en) * | 2015-11-24 | 2016-09-21 | 温四妹 | Rotatory wheel hub block |
| CN205493407U (en) * | 2016-03-13 | 2016-08-24 | 洪锐 | Desk drinking cup tray |
| CN206300616U (en) * | 2016-11-30 | 2017-07-04 | 北华大学 | One kind teaching analytic tree annual ring measurement device of diameter |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106705918A (en) * | 2017-03-23 | 2017-05-24 | 上海威纳工程技术有限公司 | Precise measurement instrument and method for internal and external diameters of large-diameter seal ring |
| CN114923421A (en) * | 2022-05-28 | 2022-08-19 | 王建明 | Forestry is with adjustable standing tree refill fixing device and this fixing device's application procedure |
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Application publication date: 20170222 |