CN106438891B - A kind of towed CVT is without spin structure design method - Google Patents
A kind of towed CVT is without spin structure design method Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H15/00—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members
- F16H15/02—Gearings for conveying rotary motion with variable gear ratio, or for reversing rotary motion, by friction between rotary members without members having orbital motion
- F16H15/04—Gearings providing a continuous range of gear ratios
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Abstract
The present invention discloses a kind of towed CVT without spin structure design method, it is desirable to provide a method of design without spin structure for towed stepless transmission, to reduce spin loss, improves transmission efficiency;Technical points are: first extraction speed adjustment unit structure, then drawing unit structure diagram, establish suitable coordinate system, according to contact point situation of change determine without spin design object, assume a bus equation determine tangential equation, according to without spin condition simultaneous tangential equation and axis of rotation equation, abbreviation equation obtain the differential equation, solve the differential equation replace original element without spin bus equation, using the corresponding traction element of above-mentioned no spin structure solution or actuated element, complete without spin structure design.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to mechanical transmission fields, and in particular to a kind of stepless transmission is without spin structure design method.
Background technique
Towed stepless transmission (CVT) is to have the characteristics that power density is high, driving torque is big, it is considered to be Yi Zhongli
The driving form thought.Traditional towed CVT has direct transmission type, intermediate original part formula and epicyclic transmission type, different type traction
Formula CVT, transmission efficiency is different, and there are loss in efficiency to have in generally acknowledged towed CVT now: spin loss, sliding
Loss, break away loss, bearing loss with and churning loss.Wherein sideslip loss, churning loss, bearing loss are relatively small, especially
It is to break away loss only in speed change or under other special operating conditions in just generation, and slippage losses are completely along with traction
This loss for being driven and generating is inevitable.For other opposite all class losses, spin loss proportion is relatively
Greatly, the generally 40%-60% of overall efficiency loss, when the load of transmission is relatively small, the shared ratio of spin loss is bigger.From
The generation of rotation be due in Traction Drive, traction element with it is uneven by the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION of traction element and caused by, very much
Researcher often think this spin loss be in gear range can only reduce to the greatest extent it is not eliminable.Due to spin
Loss in efficiency, in towed CVT, transmission efficiency generally can only achieve generally 75%-90% after optimization, further mention
Rising will become abnormal difficult, this is also greatly lowered the application range and transmission capacity of towed CVT.
In short, eliminating spin, the whole transmission efficiency of towed CVT can be greatly improved, improves towed CVT's
Maximum delivered torque increases the application range and transmission capacity of towed CVT.Existing research has been proposed eliminating spin
Two kinds of situations: (1) parastate, i.e. traction element with contact plane is parallel to by the axis of rotation of traction element;(2) intersect shape
State: i.e. traction element intersects at a point with by the axis of rotation of traction element with contact plane.
Towed CVT is segmented into inhomogeneity, such as the mode of speed regulation according to speed regulation element according to different transport characteristics
And transport characteristics, it is segmented into move speed regulation fixed point transmission class, the dynamic point transmission class of move speed regulation etc..It is pinpointed and is driven with move speed regulation
For class, and be segmented into two classes: one kind such as idler wheel tray type CVT and steel loop long conical (RC type) CVT etc., driving member with
Traction piece axis of rotation is orthogonal;Another kind of such as four rolling cone flat plate types (FU type) CVT and double internal cone type (Heynau type) CVT of steel ball
Deng driving member and traction piece axis of rotation are in a certain angle.
In existing technology, it has been proposed that a kind of without spin variable-speed unit (patent application publication number
CN104776180A), which has carried out the improvement of cone disk bus for the towed CVT of semi-ring surface type, is designed to a kind of finger
Number curve, to eliminate the spin in transmission process;Simultaneously the inventor also proposed it is a kind of without spin stepless transmission and its
Speed regulation device (publication number CN104776181A), that patent describes one kind to carry out Parameters Optimal Design for semi-ring surface type CVT
The overall plan without spin CVT afterwards, while devising its speed regulation device.However, being led in above-mentioned document just for semi-ring surface type
Draw formula CVT and give two kinds of feasible no spin structures or its cone disk bus equation, for not referred to without spin design method.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to mention aiming at the problem that design without spin structure to towed CVT in the prior art
For a kind of method for design without spin structure for towed CVT, to reduce the spin loss of towed CVT, further
Improve the transmission efficiency of existing towed CVT.
The step of a kind of towed CVT of the present invention is without spin structure design method is as follows:
Step 1: extracting the speed adjustment unit structure of towed CVT, include at least traction element, actuated element and its phase mutual connection
Touching relationship;
Step 2: drawing above-mentioned speed adjustment unit structure chart, establish rectangular coordinate system, the X-axis and actuated element of rectangular coordinate system
Or the axis of rotation of traction element is overlapped;
Step 3: according to the motion conditions of contact point, select traction element or actuated element as without spin design object,
And assume that traction element or the bus equation of actuated element after design arey=f(x);
Step 4: according to the traction element of hypothesis or the bus equation of actuated elementy=f(x), solved any on the curve
PointA(x 0, y 0 )Tangential equationy-y 0 =f ′(x)(x-x 0 ), and it is made to meet intersection in arbitrary point, i.e., the tangential equation,
Traction element axis of rotation and actuated element axis of rotation intersect at a point, and obtain no spin structure design equation;
Method particularly includes:
A. according to the traction element of hypothesis or the bus equation of actuated elementy=f(x), solved arbitrary point on the curveA (x 0, y 0 )Tangential equationy=f ′(x)(x-x 0 )+y 0 ;
B. according to the characteristic parameter of coordinate system relationship and speed adjustment unit, solving traction element axis of rotation equation isy=g 1 (x), solving actuated element axis of rotation equation isy=g 2 (x);
C. simultaneousy=g 1 (x)Withy=g 2 (x), solve intersecting point coordinateP(a, b);
D. simultaneous tangential equationy=f ′(x)(x-x 0 )+y 0 Withy=g 1 (x)Withy=g 2 (x), solve intersecting point coordinateQ(a′, b′);
E. makeP(a, b)WithQ(a′, b′)It is overlapped, that is, meets intersection, obtain no spin structure design equation;
Step 5: converting no spin structure differential equation for above-mentioned no spin structure design equation and solve, obtain without certainly
Revolve structure solution;
Step 6: the corresponding traction element of above-mentioned no spin structure solution or actuated element being used to replace original towed CVT's
Traction element or actuated element are completed to design without spin structure.
In above scheme, the towed CVT can move point for the towed CVT of move speed regulation fixed point transmission class, move speed regulation
The one kind for being driven the towed CVT of class, swinging the towed CVT of speed regulation fixed point transmission class, swinging the dynamic point transmission towed CVT of class of speed regulation
Or it is a kind of.
In above scheme, the towed CVT be move speed regulation fixed point transmission the towed CVT of class, and traction piece element with
When the axis of rotation of actuated element is orthogonal, the X-axis of rectangular coordinate system described in step 2 is overlapped with the axis of rotation of actuated element, Y
Axis is overlapped with the axis of rotation of traction element, and coordinate origin is the friendship of traction element axis of rotation and actuated element axis of rotation
Point;
More further, intersecting point coordinate described in step 4P(a, b)For coordinate originP(0, 0),Q(a′, b′)ForQ(0, y 0 -f ′(x)x 0 ), obtain without spin design equation bey 0 -f ′(x 0 ) x 0 =0;Further, it is tied described in step 5 without spin
The structure differential equation is。
In above scheme, the towed CVT be move speed regulation fixed point transmission the towed CVT of class, and traction piece element with
The axis of rotation of actuated element is in a certain angle, but it is non-orthogonal when, the X-axis of its rectangular coordinate system described in step 2 and transmission member
The axis of rotation of part is overlapped, and Y-axis is arbitrarily arranged with origin;More further, intersecting point coordinate described in step 4P(a, b)For coordinate original
Point,Q(a′, b′)For, what is obtained designs without spin
Equation is, whereinr 0 Contact for traction element with actuated element is bent
Rate radius,βFor the complementary angle of traction element axis of rotation and the angle of actuated element axis of rotation;Further, described in step 5
The no spin structure differential equation is。
Towed CVT of the present invention is without the beneficial effect of spin structure design method:
1. the present invention proposes a kind of method for carrying out designing without spin structure for towed CVT, towed CVT can be eliminated
In spin loss, further increase such towed CVT efficiency;
2. the method for the invention design without spin structure only for traction element, method of geometry and parsing are used
The united thought of method, solution throughway is simple, easy to accomplish;
3. method of the present invention can further genralrlization into some mechanism optional designs of towed CVT, for leading
Draw formula CVT and established certain theoretical basis without spin design, provides Research Thinking for other mechanism optional designs.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the schematic illustration of no spin structure design method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is towed CVT of the present invention without spin structure design method flow chart.
Fig. 3 is idler wheel tray type CVT speed adjustment unit structure, contact relation and establishment of coordinate system schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is four rolling cone flat plate type CVT structural schematic diagrams in embodiment two of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is four rolling cone flat plate type CVT speed adjustment unit structures, contact relation and coordinate system in embodiment two of the present invention
Establish schematic diagram.
Wherein, title corresponding to the appended drawing reference in attached drawing are as follows:
The square position 1-, 2- idler wheel, 3- pyramidal structure square position;4- roller, 5- input square position.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one:
The present embodiment carries out designing without spin structure by taking the towed CVT of idler wheel tray type as an example, and idler wheel tray type is towed
CVT belongs to move speed regulation fixed point transmission class, the axis of rotation of traction element (input element) and actuated element (speed regulation element)
It is orthogonal.
It is successively carried out as shown in Fig. 2, this is divided into six steps without spin design method;
Step 1: extracting the speed adjustment unit structure of the towed CVT of idler wheel tray type, which includes that traction element is flat
Disk 1 and actuated element idler wheel 2, mutual contact relation are as shown in Figure 3;
Step 2: above-mentioned speed adjustment unit structure chart is drawn, establishes rectangular coordinate system, the X-axis of rectangular coordinate system and idler wheel
Axis of rotation is overlapped, and Y-axis is overlapped with the axis of rotation of square position, and coordinate origin is the friendship of idler wheel axis of rotation and square position axis of rotation
Point, as shown in Figure 3;
Step 3: in the speed adjustment unit of the towed CVT of idler wheel tray type, contact point is moved on square position 1, and on idler wheel 2
It is motionless, therefore, select square position 1 as without spin design object, and assume by without spin design after square position 1 bus equation
Fory=f(x);
Step 4: according to the bus equation of the square position 1 of hypothesisy=f(x), solved arbitrary point on the curveA(X 0 , Y 0 )'s
Tangential equationy-y 0 =f ′(x)(x-x 0 ), and it is made to meet intersection in arbitrary point, detailed process is as follows:
1) it setsA(X 0 , Y 0 )Fory=f(x)A bit, then cross pointA(X 0 , Y 0 )Tangential equationy=f ′(x)(x-x 0 )+y 0 ;
2) by the coordinate system established in step 2, from coordinate system relationship it is found that the axis of rotation of square position 1 is Y-axis, i.e. x=0,
The axis of rotation of idler wheel 2 is X-axis, i.e. y=0;
3) simultaneous x=0 and y=0, find out intersecting point coordinateP(0, 0);
4) simultaneous tangential equationy-y 0 =f ′(x)(x-x 0 )With x=0, intersecting point coordinate is found outQ(0, y 0 -f ′(x)x 0 );
5)P(a, b)WithQ(a′, b′)It is overlapped to get going out without spin structure design equationy 0 -f ′(x 0 )x 0 =0
Step 5: converting no spin structure differential equation for above-mentioned no spin structure design equation, and solve, it obtains
Out without spin structure solutiony=Cx;
Step 6: from step 5 it is found that expression formula of the square position 1 without spin structure bus obtained isy=Cx, corresponding flat
Dish structure is pyramidal structure, replaces original square position 1 using pyramidal structure square position 3, that is, realizes no spin structure design.
Embodiment two:
The present embodiment carries out designing without spin structure by taking four rolling cone flat plate types (FU type) towed CVT as an example, and four tappers are flat
The towed CVT of disc type belongs to move speed regulation fixed point transmission class, but the present embodiment is different from embodiment one, four tappers of this example
The traction element (input element) of speed adjustment unit and the axis of rotation of actuated element (speed regulation element) are in the towed CVT of tray type
Certain angle, as shown in Figure 4.According to the method described in the present invention, for the towed CVT of four rolling cone flat plate types in the present embodiment into
The step of row is without spin structure design is as follows:
Step 1: the speed adjustment unit structure of the towed CVT of four rolling cone flat plate types is extracted, because of the towed CVT of four rolling cone flat plate types
It is that speed change is carried out by mobile intermediate actuated element roller 4, therefore, which should include that traction element inputs square position 5
With actuated element roller 4 or roller 4 and output square position 5, input square position 5 and roller 4 are chosen in this example, mutual connects
Touching relationship is as shown in Figure 5;
Step 2: drawing above-mentioned speed adjustment unit structure chart, establish rectangular coordinate system, the X-axis and roller 4 of rectangular coordinate system
Axis of rotation be overlapped, Y-axis arbitrarily arranges that arrangement is as shown in Figure 5 in this example with origin;
Step 3: in the speed adjustment unit of the towed CVT of four rolling cone flat plate types, contact point is moved on input square position 5, and
It is motionless on roller 4, therefore, select input square position 5 as without spin design object, and assume by without spin design after input
The bus equation of square position 5 isy=f(x);
Step 4: according to the bus equation of the input square position 5 of hypothesisy=f(x), solved arbitrary point on the curveA(X 0 , Y 0 )Tangential equationy-y 0 =f ′(x)(x-x 0 ), and it is made to meet intersection in arbitrary point, detailed process is as follows:
1) it setsA(X 0 , Y 0 )Fory=f(x)A bit, then cross pointA(X 0 , Y 0 )Tangential equationy=f ′(x)(x-x 0 )+y 0 ;
2) by the structure of the speed adjustment unit extracted in the coordinate system and step 1 established in step 2, defined feature parameter: defeated
Entering 5 axis of rotation of square position with 4 axis of rotation angle of roller is90°-βThen 4 axis of rotation of roller is to input square position 5 with Y-axis angle
Contacting radius of curvature with roller 4 isr 0 , then the axis of rotation that can acquire input square position 5 is X-axis, i.e.,y=0, the rotating shaft of roller 4
Line is;
3) simultaneousy=0With, find out intersecting point coordinate;
4) simultaneous tangential equationy-y 0 =f ′(x)(x-x 0 )Withy=0, find out intersecting point coordinate;
5)P(a, b)WithQ(a′, b′)It is overlapped to get going out without spin structure design equation
;
Step 5: converting no spin structure differential equation for above-mentioned no spin structure design equation, and solve and obtain no spin structure solution;
Step 6: solving in step 5 without the spin structure differential equation, and replaced with corresponding input square position structure
Original input square position 5 realizes input terminal and designs without spin structure.
Similarly, for output end carry out accordingly without spin structure design, you can get it output square position 7 without spin structure
Solution, the curve finally solved is as input terminal, and only arranged direction is different.
The above is merely preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not intended to limit the invention, it is all in spirit of the invention and
Made any modifications, equivalent replacements, and improvements etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention within principle.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of towed CVT is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that comprise the steps of:
Step 1: the speed adjustment unit structure of towed CVT is extracted, including at least traction element, actuated element and its pass that contacts with each other
System;
Step 2: drawing above-mentioned speed adjustment unit structure chart, establish rectangular coordinate system, the X-axis of rectangular coordinate system and actuated element or lead
The axis of rotation for drawing element is overlapped;
Step 3: according to the motion conditions of contact point, selecting traction element or actuated element as without spin design object, and false
If the bus equation of traction element or actuated element after design is y=f (x);
Step 4: according to the traction element of hypothesis or the bus equation y=f (x) of actuated element, solving arbitrary point A on the curve
(x0,y0) tangential equation, and it is made to meet intersection in arbitrary point, it may be assumed that the tangential equation, traction element axis of rotation and
Actuated element axis of rotation intersects at a point, and obtains no spin structure design equation;
Step 5: converting no spin structure differential equation for above-mentioned no spin structure design equation and solve, obtain and tied without spin
Structure solution;
Step 6: the corresponding traction element of above-mentioned no spin structure solution or actuated element being used to replace the traction of original towed CVT
Element or actuated element are completed to design without spin structure.
2. a kind of towed CVT described in accordance with the claim 1 is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that the step 3
Described according to contact point motion conditions, select traction element or actuated element as the specific method without spin design object
Are as follows: when contact point is moved on traction element, select traction element as without spin design object;When contact point is in transmission member
When moving on part, select actuated element as without spin design object.
3. a kind of towed CVT described in accordance with the claim 1 is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that the step 4
In, solved A (x in arbitrary point on bus equation0,y0) tangential equation, and it is made to meet intersection in arbitrary point, obtains nothing
The specific method step of spin structure design equation are as follows:
A. according to the traction element of hypothesis or the bus equation y=f (x) of actuated element, A (x in arbitrary point on the curve was solved0,
y0) tangential equation y=f ' (x) (x-x0)+y0;
B. according to the characteristic parameter of coordinate system relationship and speed adjustment unit, solution traction element axis of rotation equation is y=g1(x), it asks
Solution actuated element axis of rotation equation is y=g2(x);
C. simultaneous y=g1(x) and y=g2(x), intersecting point coordinate P (a, b) is solved;
D. simultaneous tangential equation y=f ' (x) (x-x0)+y0And y=g1(x) and y=g2(x), intersecting point coordinate Q (a ', b ') is solved;
It is overlapped P (a, b) and Q (a ', b '), that is, meets intersection, obtains no spin structure design equation.
4. a kind of towed CVT described in accordance with the claim 1 is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that: the traction
Formula CVT can pinpoint the towed CVT of transmission class, the towed CVT of the dynamic point transmission class of move speed regulation, swing speed regulation fixed point for move speed regulation
The one kind for being driven the towed CVT of class, swinging the dynamic point transmission towed CVT of class of speed regulation.
5. a kind of towed CVT described in accordance with the claim 3 is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that: the traction
Formula CVT is the move speed regulation fixed point transmission towed CVT of class, and when traction piece element is orthogonal with the axis of rotation of actuated element,
The X-axis of rectangular coordinate system described in step 2 is overlapped with the axis of rotation of actuated element, the rotating shaft of Y-axis and traction element
Line is overlapped, and coordinate origin is the intersection point of traction element axis of rotation and actuated element axis of rotation;
More further, intersecting point coordinate P described in step 4 (a, b) is coordinate origin P (0,0), and Q (a ', b ') is Q (0, y0-f′(x)
x0), obtaining is y without spin design equation0-f′(x0)x0=0;
Further, it is without the spin structure differential equation described in step 5
6. a kind of towed CVT described in accordance with the claim 3 is without spin structure design method, it is characterised in that: the traction
Formula CVT is the move speed regulation fixed point transmission towed CVT of class, and the axis of rotation of traction piece element and actuated element is in a clamp
Angle, but it is non-orthogonal when,
The X-axis of its rectangular coordinate system described in step 2 is overlapped with the axis of rotation of actuated element, and Y-axis is arbitrarily arranged with origin;
More further, intersecting point coordinate P (a, b) described in step 4 is coordinate origin
Q (a ', b ') isObtain without spin design equation be
Wherein r0Contact radius of curvature for traction element with actuated element, β are traction element axis of rotation and actuated element rotating shaft
The complementary angle of the angle of line;
Further, it is without the spin structure differential equation described in step 5
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CN108240436B (en) * | 2018-01-12 | 2020-10-13 | 四川大学 | Traction type CVT non-spinning mechanism comprehensive method |
CN110925372A (en) * | 2019-12-09 | 2020-03-27 | 西华大学 | Full-contact easy-speed-regulation inner cone type stepless speed change unit |
CN113883244A (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-01-04 | 四川大学 | Self-adaptive variable speed integral curve non-spinning traction type continuously variable transmission |
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CN1287234A (en) * | 1999-09-07 | 2001-03-14 | 日产自动车株式会社 | Rotary assembly of pulling driving and method for producing its rolling element |
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