CN106435147B - A kind of saw blade air hardening method - Google Patents
A kind of saw blade air hardening method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106435147B CN106435147B CN201610739349.6A CN201610739349A CN106435147B CN 106435147 B CN106435147 B CN 106435147B CN 201610739349 A CN201610739349 A CN 201610739349A CN 106435147 B CN106435147 B CN 106435147B
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- saw blade
- air
- lower platen
- air chamber
- gas
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/24—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for saw blades
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0062—Heat-treating apparatus with a cooling or quenching zone
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of saw blade air hardening method and apparatus.Including：Frame, upper and lower platen, the upper and lower platen that can be pumped is symmetrically arranged with the frame, the upper and lower platen is respectively arranged with air chamber, jet hole is evenly distributed with the upper and lower platen, the jet hole is connected with corresponding air chamber, and the air chamber is connected with admission line respectively.In whole quenching process, by the way of gas and gas-liquid atomization gas are alternately cooled, using air dielectric and atomization gas cooling velocity slowly and adjustable feature, greatly reduce the strain cracking in saw blade quenching process, the performance quality of saw blade is improved, while whole quenching process cleaning, no waste gas produce, saw blade need not clean surface after quenching, meet the requirement of green production.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Field of Heat-treatment, and in particular to a kind of saw blade air is quenched method and apparatus.
Background technology
For quenching technical as one of important step in heat treatment process, the performance, reduction tissue for material property are residual
Residue stress and areal deformation etc. play an important role.
The conventional quenching mode of saw blade mainly has oil quenching, salt, alkaline bath quenching etc. at present.Oil bath and salt, alkaline bath cooling speed
Degree is very fast, but can not accurately control the cooling velocity of each several part in the quenching process of material, causes poor temperature uniformity, cooling speed
Degree control is difficult, and the deformation and tearing tendency of material are larger, while salt bath furnace quenching, the environment being tempered around corrosion, equipment, right
In the high modern industry of environmental requirement be unconformable, and operate it is also complex.
The content of the invention
In order to overcome above-mentioned deficiency, the present invention provides a kind of cleaning, low cost, ftractureed beneficial to control quality and Reducing distortion
Air quenching method and apparatus.
Existing many documents have made substantial amounts of demonstration and research for air quenching, and its object is to the spy using gas medium
Property, reduce the situation that deforms and ftracture caused by quenching as much as possible while obtaining and it is expected cooling velocity.For up to this mesh
, researcher chooses the higher gas of the coefficient of heat transfer, and increases gas velocity body pressure.
Consider from cooling performance and economic angle, the current more common gas in air quenching is nitrogen, and it is normally used for height
Quenching in the case of pressure.The present invention recommends air, and it is low to be primarily due to its cost, can arbitrarily obtain, for equipment requirement
It is low.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can be upper and lower
Reciprocating upper and lower platen, the upper and lower platen are respectively arranged with air chamber, spray are evenly distributed with the upper and lower platen
Mouth, the nozzle are connected with corresponding air chamber, and the air chamber is connected with admission line respectively.
Compared with air cooling equipment, requirement of the saw blade for cooling rate is unable to reach when merely being quenched with air-cooled mode, its
Cooling capacity is substantially insufficient, and desired tissue can not be obtained after quenching.The present invention adds atomization gas on the basis of air cooled
Body cools down, and this compensate for the defects of simple air cooling cooling capacity is low.Secondly the upper pressing disc in apparatus of the present invention quenches in saw blade
When can equably compress saw bit matrix, and then effectively prevent quenching when due to caused by thermal stress and structural stress deformation, together
When ensure that requirement of the saw blade for flatness.
Preferably, it is additionally provided with annular diversion trench in the upper and lower platen.The annular diversion trench is pressed when saw blade quenches
Tight saw blade, prevent the saw blade in quenching process from deforming, the annular diversion trench guides air-flow in quenching, makes saw blade uniformly cold
But.
Preferably, the admission line is connected by atomization valve with inlet channel.
Preferably, it is respectively arranged with volume control device on the admission line and inlet channel.
It is furthermore preferred that the volume control device is valve.
Preferably, 2.5~3.2 times of a diameter of admission line diameter of the air chamber.Pass through compressed air stream
Dynamic, the flow action with being flowed into from water pipe in atomization valve forms water smoke, and atomization gas flows into air chamber, Ran Houjing by pipeline
Cross nozzle and spray to workpiece surface.
Preferably, the nozzle is evenly arranged in a manner of annular array on upper and lower platen.The circle of the annular array
Number is equal with the annular guide groove number of turns, and into one-to-one relationship.Nozzle is correspondingly arranged with annular guide groove, is effectively guided
Gas is sprayed in the flowing of groove inner region, improves cooling effectiveness.On the other hand, cell wall is oriented to during quenching to compress with certain load
Saw blade surface, it is therefore prevented that saw blade matrix caused by thermal stress and structural stress in quenching process deforms.
Preferably, the nozzle-axis is perpendicular to saw blade surface.
Preferably, the both ends of the air chamber are provided with the air inlet being connected with admission line simultaneously.
Preferably, when described device is run, the gas being passed through is air or atomization gas.
Affiliated atomization gas is a kind of two-phase mixture of air and water in the present invention.
Preferably, heretofore described high pressure gas and water under high pressure are conveyed by pump.
Present invention also offers a kind of saw blade air hardening method, including：
In high-throughout air ambient, saw blade is cooled to 650 DEG C, obtains saw blade I；
In high-throughout atomization gas environment, saw blade I is cooled to 400 DEG C, obtains saw blade II；
In high-throughout air ambient, saw blade II is cooled to less than 150 DEG C in atmosphere, produced；
The material of the saw blade is carbon alloy steel.
For the saw blade of different size, its requirement in quenching for cooling velocity is different, and gas pressure, water
Pressure and gas-water ratio will directly affect the size of cooling velocity, therefore the requirement for air pressure, hydraulic pressure and gas-water ratio is also not quite similar.
In actual production process, those skilled in the art can carry out conventional selection according to specific saw blade situation to above parameter, fill
The adjustable advantage of cooling velocity of the present invention is waved in distribution.
Saw blade is all the time under unsealed environment in heretofore described whole quenching process.
Affiliated atomization gas is a kind of two-phase mixture of air and water.
Present invention also offers a kind of preferably saw blade air hardening method, specifically comprise the following steps：
A. upper platen 4 and pressing disc 2 compress the saw bit matrix in the condition of high temperature by annular diversion trench 13 thereon；
B. air door 10 is opened, air inlet pipe 11 is passed through pressure-air, and the air chamber of upper pressing disc is entered by tracheae 3
15, then by nozzle 14, saw blade surface is sprayed to, cooling saw blade is to 650 DEG C；
C. penstock 8 is opened, liquid water pipe 9 is passed through water under high pressure, is interacted in atomization valve 7 with air, forms water smoke, leads to
Cross tracheae 3 and flow to two platens, and then cool down saw blade to 400 DEG C；
D. the penstock 8 of both sides is closed, is continued by the single cooling of air, saw blade is cooled to less than 150 DEG C, and it is empty to close both sides
Air valve 10.
Its core is：Air and atomization gas quench in a manner of air-mist gas-air is alternate to saw blade.
The process for quenching of the present invention is based on following theory：When quenching workpiece immerse hardening media in, it is steady in overcooling austenite
Near the nose temperature of qualitative low temperature range, i.e. C curves, cooling velocity should be greater than critical cooling rate, enable workpiece fast
Speed obtains enough hardness by pearlite and bainite transformation area after workpiece quenching；Carbon steel and low alloy steel quenching is cooled to
Before 650 DEG C, austenite is also more stable, can be cooled down with slower speed, can reduce workpiece and cause because of internal-external temperature difference
Thermal stress.In 650-450 DEG C of scope, it is desirable to there is sufficiently fast cooling velocity（More than critical cooling rate）, less than 400 DEG C
Particularly Ms points and A1 points slightly under temperature, it is desirable to the cooling velocity of workpiece is as far as possible slow, with reduce due to workpiece inside and outside
Thermal stress caused by temperature difference and structural stress, so as to effectively prevent the deformation of workpiece and cracking.
Therefore, according to above-mentioned theory, for the characteristic of saw blade material, three phases are divided into its quenching process：
First stage：In more than 650 DEG C of saw blade temperature, it is necessary to which Slow cooling, to reduce thermal stress, therefore utilizes injection
Air is cooled down.
Second stage, when saw blade temperature is more than 400 DEG C, due to air cooling velocity deficiency, the stage is changed to use mist
Change gas cooling, air and water are mixed in appropriate proportions, and by more anticyclonic effect, water smoke, mist are formed after nozzle ejection
Several times will be improved by changing the cooldown rate of gas.
Phase III, when saw blade drops to 400 DEG C by atomization gas chilling temperature, close the water valve of atomising device
Door, is cooled down by air to saw blade.Because since this temperature, workpiece needs Slow cooling, to reduce thermal stress and tissue
Stress, prevent from deforming and ftracture.And the cooldown rate of air is low, the stage can be met to cooling rate requirement well.
In second stage, it is desirable to which hardening media will have faster cooling rate, quickly escape C curve nose warm area, but air exists
This stage is unable to reach desired cooling velocity, and then is unable to reach intended tissue.The atomization gas formed using water and air
The requirement to cooling velocity can be met.
The invention has the advantages that：
（1）Equipment therefor of the present invention is simple in construction, easily fabricated, and cost is low.And glowing furnace is complicated, manufacturing cost compared with
Height, and have higher requirement for surrounding environment when in use.At heat exchange interface not liquefaction, gasification phenomenon, the coefficient of heat transfer compared with
Normal quenching mode is small.
（2）The mode that the present invention is alternately quenched using air-mist gas, can greatly meet in quenching process each stage
For the different requirement of cooldown rate, and then quenching distortion cracking is effectively reduced, improve the quality of saw bit matrix.Quenching workpiece table
Face quality is not high, oxidizable, and inner stress of work is smaller, can prevent workpiece from cracking to greatest extent, ensures manufacture and production
Quality.
（3）Gas quenching does not have specific medium, and auxiliary expenses is cheap, and equipment is simple, and investment is small.
（4）Gas quenching process cleans, without cleaning, do not pollute the environment, it is simple to operate.
（5）Air quenching Parameter adjustable adjusting range is wide, cooling velocity adjustable range is big, cooling rate is uniform, can be produced with selective hardening
Efficiency high.
（6）Technological parameter during air quenching is easy to automatically control, and improves productivity ratio.
（7）Apparatus of the present invention are simple in construction, easy to operate, less demanding for field personnel, practical, are easy to
Promote.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of platen of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is platen sectional view of the present invention.
Wherein, 1 time support base, 2 pressing discs, 3 tracheaes, platen, 5 upper support seats, 6 hydraulic pressure guide pillars, 7 atomization valves, 8 water on 4
Valve, 9 liquid lines, 10 gas valves, 11 flues, 12 hydraulic pumps, 13 annular diversion trench, 14 nozzles, 15 air chambers, 16 air inlets
Mouthful.
Embodiment：
Feature of present invention and other correlated characteristics are described in further detail by the following examples, in order to the same industry
The understanding of technical staff：
Embodiment 1
As illustrated, a kind of saw blade air quenching device, pressing disc 2 is arranged in lower support base 1, and upper platen 4 is arranged on upper branch
Support in seat 5, annular diversion trench 13 and nozzle 14 are distributed with upper platen 4 and pressing disc 2, upper platen and pressing disc both ends have respectively
Air inlet 16, there is air chamber 15 inside upper pressing disc, be surrounded by hydraulic pressure guide pillar 6 in pressing disc 2, upper support seat 5 passes through hydraulic pressure
Pump 12 pumps along hydraulic pressure guide pillar 6, and air enters flue 11, gas valve 10 can with adjusting gas flow, water from
Liquid line 9 enters, and penstock 8 can control water-carrying capacity, air and water to form atomization gas after entering atomization valve 7, enter from tracheae 3
Enter platen.
The course of work of the present invention is as follows：
Circular saw blade substrate to be quenched is delivered to above the annular diversion trench 13 of pressing disc 2, upper support seat 5 passes through hydraulic pump
12 are pushed rapidly along hydraulic pressure guide pillar 6, and saw bit matrix is pressurizeed and compressed.
Air door 10 is opened, gases at high pressure enter 11 by flue, flow through atomization valve 7, enter two platens by tracheae 3,
Sprayed and cooled down by nozzle 14.
When saw blade temperature drops to 650 DEG C, penstock 8 is opened, water under high pressure flows into atomization valve 7 by water pipe 9, with air
Effect forms atomization gas, and atomization gas flows through tracheae 3 and enters two platens, and saw blade surface is sprayed to by nozzle 14.
When saw blade temperature is down to 400 DEG C, penstock 8 is closed, continues to be cooled down by air, when saw blade temperature is cooled to
At less than 150 DEG C, air door 10 is closed, upper support seat 5 rises along hydraulic pressure guide pillar 6, saw bit matrix is taken out, and completes quenching.
The annular saw sheet material is 75Cr1 steel, is a kind of high-carbon low-alloy steel.
Embodiment 2
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber, the air chamber respectively with admission line phase
Even.
Embodiment 3
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
Annular diversion trench 13 is also respectively provided with the upper and lower platen 2,4.
Embodiment 4
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
The admission line 11 is connected by atomization valve 7 with inlet channel 9.
Embodiment 5
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
Volume control device is respectively arranged with the admission line 11 and inlet channel 9.
Embodiment 6
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
The nozzle 14 is evenly arranged in a manner of annular array on upper and lower platen, the number of turns of the annular array with
The annular guide groove number of turns is equal, and into one-to-one relationship.
Embodiment 7
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
The nozzle-axis is perpendicular to saw blade surface.
Embodiment 8
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
When described device is run, the gas being passed through is air or atomization gas；
2.5~3.2 times of a diameter of diameter of admission line 11 of the air chamber 15.
Embodiment 9
A kind of saw blade air hardening device, including：Frame, upper and lower platen 2,4, being symmetrically arranged with the frame can
The upper and lower platen 2,4 to pump, the upper and lower platen 2,4 are respectively arranged with air chamber 15, the upper and lower platen 2,
Nozzle 14 is evenly distributed with 4, the nozzle 14 is connected with corresponding air chamber 15, the air chamber 15 respectively with air inlet pipe
Road 11 is connected.
The both ends of the air chamber 15 are provided with the air inlet being connected with admission line 11 simultaneously.
Embodiment 10
A kind of saw blade air hardening method, it is characterised in that including：
In high-throughout air ambient, the saw blade that temperature is more than 650 DEG C is cooled to 450 DEG C, obtains saw blade I；
In high-throughout atomization gas environment, saw blade I is cooled to 400 DEG C, obtains saw blade II；
In high-throughout air ambient, saw blade II is cooled to less than 150 DEG C in atmosphere, produced；
The material of the saw blade is carbon alloy steel.
Finally it should be noted that the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, this hair is not limited to
Bright, although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still
Technical scheme described in previous embodiment can be modified, or equivalent substitution is carried out to which part.It is all in this hair
Within bright spirit and principle, any modification, equivalent substitution and improvements made etc., protection scope of the present invention should be included in
Within.Above-mentioned although the embodiment of the present invention is described with reference to accompanying drawing, not to the scope of the present invention
Limitation, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme those skilled in the art are not required to
Various modifications or deformation that creative work can make are paid still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. saw blade air hardening method, it is characterised in that including：In high-throughout air ambient, saw blade is cooled to 650 DEG C, obtains saw blade I；In high-throughout atomization gas environment, saw blade I is cooled to 400 DEG C, obtains saw blade II；In high-throughout air ambient, saw blade II is cooled to less than 150 DEG C in atmosphere, produced；The material of the saw blade is carbon steel and low alloy steel.
- 2. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that saw blade is all the time in unsealed ring in the whole quenching process Under border.
- 3. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that the atomization gas is a kind of two-phase mixture of air and water.
- 4. the method as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that methods described is quenched using following device：The device bag Include：Frame, upper and lower platen, the upper and lower platen that can be pumped, the upper and lower platen are symmetrically arranged with the frame Air chamber is respectively arranged with, nozzle is evenly distributed with the upper and lower platen, the nozzle is connected with corresponding air chamber, The air chamber is connected with admission line respectively.
- 5. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that be additionally provided with annular diversion trench in the upper and lower platen.
- 6. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the admission line is connected by atomization valve with inlet channel.
- 7. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the nozzle-axis is perpendicular to saw blade surface.
- 8. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the nozzle is evenly arranged in a manner of annular array, On pressing disc, the number of turns of the annular array is equal with the annular guide groove number of turns, and into one-to-one relationship.
- 9. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that a diameter of admission line diameter of the air chamber 2.5~3.2 times.
- 10. method as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that when described device is run, the gas being passed through is air or atomization Gas；Or the both ends of the air chamber are provided with the air inlet being connected with admission line simultaneously.
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| CN108251609B (en) * | 2018-04-20 | 2019-07-12 | 杭州双江工具制造有限公司 | A kind of saw blade heat treatment process |
| CN111118412B (en) * | 2020-03-10 | 2021-07-20 | 晟普特(北京)防护科技有限公司 | Bulletproof steel plate and heat treatment method thereof |
| CN114226470B (en) * | 2021-12-10 | 2024-06-21 | 山西太钢不锈钢股份有限公司 | Thermal simulation cooling control system and use method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JPH02153022A (en) * | 1988-12-02 | 1990-06-12 | Hitachi Koki Co Ltd | Method for hardening steel sheet |
| CN1030776C (en) * | 1992-10-31 | 1996-01-24 | 鞍山钢铁公司 | Heat treating process and apparatus for disc saw |
| JP3392200B2 (en) * | 1993-12-27 | 2003-03-31 | 株式会社ミヤデン | Method and apparatus for quenching circular saw tip saw metal |
| JP4238260B2 (en) * | 2006-09-19 | 2009-03-18 | 新日本製鐵株式会社 | Steel plate cooling method |
| CN101319273A (en) * | 2008-07-15 | 2008-12-10 | 宜昌黑旋风锯业有限责任公司 | Thermal treatment grooving pressure disk |
| CN202139271U (en) * | 2011-07-02 | 2012-02-08 | 黑旋风锯业股份有限公司 | Pressurized oil injection quenching press |
| CN102424902B (en) * | 2011-11-30 | 2013-06-12 | 东北大学 | Vapor cooling system for use in offline heat treatment of thin medium and thick plates |
| CN103320599B (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-12-17 | 博深工具股份有限公司 | Saw blade matrix pressure quenching device and quenching process thereof |
| CN103397148B (en) * | 2013-07-30 | 2014-12-24 | 上海交通大学 | Method for formulating water-air alternate time-controlled quenching process |
| CN205954070U (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2017-02-15 | 日照海恩锯业有限公司 | Saw blade air quenching device |
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