CN106433901A - 一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油及其制备方法 - Google Patents
一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油及其制备方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：纳米氧化锌0.05‑0.1，纳米二氧化硅空心球0.15‑0.25，茶多酚0.05‑0.1，抗氧化剂BHA 0.03‑0.05，单月桂基磷酸酯0.3‑0.5，钛酸四丁酯0.03‑0.05，没食子酸丙酯0.2‑0.4，抗静电剂SN 0.3‑0.5，硼酸0.5‑1，二乙醇胺5‑10，桐油1‑1.5，精炼植物油80‑100，无水乙醇10‑15。本发明的植物绝缘油具有长期抗氧化安定性能好、粘度低的特点，并且抗静电性能好，具有优良的使用性能和安全性能，使用寿命长。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及变压器绝缘油技术领域，尤其涉及一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油及其制备方法。
背景技术
绝缘油作为一种重要的液体绝缘介质，大量使用于变压器等电气设备中。矿物绝缘油是由多种碳氢化合物组成的液体混合物，由于其良好的电气绝缘性、冷却性能和低廉的成本得到广泛使用。然而矿物绝缘油的燃点较低，消防安全性能较差；同时生物降解率低，如果发生泄漏或者火灾会严重污染环境，难以满足高性能和绿色环保的需要，为此，新型植物绝缘油的开发已经逐渐成为液体绝缘材料研究的热点。
植物绝缘油是由天然的油料作物经压榨，精炼和改性工艺制备而成，具有良好的电气性能、燃点高、可生物降解，比矿物绝缘油有更好的环境健康特性以及防火安全性。同时，植物绝缘油也存在着介质损耗因数、运动粘度高，容易发生氧化与凝胶现象、变压器运行维护要求高等不足。CN102682869通过将精炼后的植物油与低分子醇进行酯交换反应，有效降低植物绝缘油的粘度，但是对植物绝缘油的长效抗氧化性提高有限。为了满足市场对高性能植物绝缘油的需求，全面改善植物绝缘油的长期氧化安定性、运动粘度和介质损耗等性能，仍需进一步探索与改进。
发明内容
本发明目的就是为了弥补已有技术的缺陷，提供一种长效抗氧化性能好、粘度低、使用寿命长的含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油及其制备方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的：
一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
纳米氧化锌0.05-0.1，纳米二氧化硅空心球0.15-0.25，茶多酚0.05-0.1，抗氧化剂BHA0.03-0.05，单月桂基磷酸酯0.3-0.5，钛酸四丁酯0.03-0.05，没食子酸丙酯0.2-0.4，抗静电剂SN 0.3-0.5，硼酸0.5-1，二乙醇胺5-10，桐油1-1.5，精炼植物油80-100，无水乙醇10-15；
所述纳米二氧化硅空心球的粒径为50-100nm；
所述精炼植物油是普通植物油经过碱炼、脱色、除臭、脱水处理，酸值≤0.03mgKOHg-1的产品。
一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，先将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化硅空心球加入无水乙醇中超声分散5-10min，然后加入茶多酚和抗氧化剂BHA搅拌1-2h，再加入钛酸四丁酯超声处理10-15min，最后加入硼酸并搅拌均匀，得混合液；
（2）先将二乙醇胺与精炼植物油、桐油混合并于100-120℃反应1-2h，冷却后加入（1）中的混合液于60-80℃搅拌反应0.5-1h，得改性植物绝缘油；
（3）将（2）中的改性植物绝缘油先与其余原料混合并于50-60℃搅拌1-2h，然后进行减压蒸馏除水除醇，最后过滤精制，即得含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油。
本发明的优点是：
本发明一方面通过纳米二氧化硅空心球对抗氧化剂BHA和茶多酚进行负载，并利用钛酸四丁酯对其进行改性形成表面包覆层，从而达到提高稳定性和缓释的目的，有效改善植物绝缘油的长期抗氧化性；一方面通过将植物油与二乙醇胺、硼酸反应将硼引入植物绝缘油结构中，改善了植物绝缘油的抗氧化安定性和粘度性能。再通过纳米氧化锌等原料的复配与增效作用，使得到的植物绝缘油具有长期抗氧化安定性能好、粘度低的特点，并且抗静电性能好，具有优良的使用性能和安全性能，使用寿命长。
具体实施方式
一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油，由下列重量(kg)的组分原料制备而成：
纳米氧化锌0.05，纳米二氧化硅空心球0.15，茶多酚0.05，抗氧化剂BHA 0.03，单月桂基磷酸酯0.3，钛酸四丁酯0.03，没食子酸丙酯0.2，抗静电剂SN 0.3，硼酸0.5，二乙醇胺5，桐油1，精炼大豆油80，无水乙醇10；
所述纳米二氧化硅空心球的粒径为50-100nm；
所述精炼大豆油是普通大豆油经过碱炼、脱色、除臭、脱水处理，酸值≤0.03mgKOHg-1的产品。
一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油的制备方法，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，先将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化硅空心球加入无水乙醇中超声分散5min，然后加入茶多酚和抗氧化剂BHA搅拌1h，再加入钛酸四丁酯超声处理10min，最后加入硼酸并搅拌均匀，得混合液；
（2）先将二乙醇胺与精炼大豆油、桐油混合并于100℃反应1h，冷却后加入（1）中的混合液于60℃搅拌反应0.5h，得改性植物绝缘油；
（3）将（2）中的改性植物绝缘油先与其余原料混合并于50℃搅拌1h，然后进行减压蒸馏除水除醇，最后过滤精制，即得含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油。
上述制得的植物绝缘油工频击穿电压为81.2kV，90℃介损为0.0025，40℃运动粘度8.2mm2/s，酸值≤0.03mgKOHg-1，氧化后酸值≤0.1mgKOHg-1，各项指标均能满足绝缘油的要求。
Claims (2)
1.一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油，其特征在于，其是由下述重量份的原料制得：
纳米氧化锌0.05-0.1，纳米二氧化硅空心球0.15-0.25，茶多酚0.05-0.1，抗氧化剂BHA0.03-0.05，单月桂基磷酸酯0.3-0.5，钛酸四丁酯0.03-0.05，没食子酸丙酯0.2-0.4，抗静电剂SN 0.3-0.5，硼酸0.5-1，二乙醇胺5-10，桐油1-1.5，精炼植物油80-100，无水乙醇10-15；
所述纳米二氧化硅空心球的粒径为50-100nm；
所述精炼植物油是普通植物油经过碱炼、脱色、除臭、脱水处理，酸值≤0.03mgKOHg-1的产品。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
（1）按重量称取原料，先将纳米氧化锌和纳米二氧化硅空心球加入无水乙醇中超声分散5-10min，然后加入茶多酚和抗氧化剂BHA搅拌1-2h，再加入钛酸四丁酯超声处理10-15min，最后加入硼酸并搅拌均匀，得混合液；
（2）先将二乙醇胺与精炼植物油、桐油混合并于100-120℃反应1-2h，冷却后加入（1）中的混合液于60-80℃搅拌反应0.5-1h，得改性植物绝缘油；
（3）将（2）中的改性植物绝缘油先与其余原料混合并于50-60℃搅拌1-2h，然后进行减压蒸馏除水除醇，最后过滤精制，即得含纳米氧化锌的抗静电变压器植物绝缘油。
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