CN106431270A - 碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒 - Google Patents
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒 Download PDFInfo
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- CN106431270A CN106431270A CN201610846095.8A CN201610846095A CN106431270A CN 106431270 A CN106431270 A CN 106431270A CN 201610846095 A CN201610846095 A CN 201610846095A CN 106431270 A CN106431270 A CN 106431270A
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- kieselguhr
- gravel
- air purification
- purification function
- light ceramic
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B38/00—Porous mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramic ware; Preparation thereof
- C04B38/009—Porous or hollow ceramic granular materials, e.g. microballoons
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/1305—Organic additives
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/131—Inorganic additives
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B33/00—Clay-wares
- C04B33/02—Preparing or treating the raw materials individually or as batches
- C04B33/13—Compounding ingredients
- C04B33/132—Waste materials; Refuse; Residues
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/45—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements
- C04B41/50—Coating or impregnating, e.g. injection in masonry, partial coating of green or fired ceramics, organic coating compositions for adhering together two concrete elements with inorganic materials
- C04B41/51—Metallising, e.g. infiltration of sintered ceramic preforms with molten metal
- C04B41/5116—Ag or Au
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
- C04B41/80—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone of only ceramics
- C04B41/81—Coating or impregnation
- C04B41/85—Coating or impregnation with inorganic materials
- C04B41/88—Metals
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2235/00—Aspects relating to ceramic starting mixtures or sintered ceramic products
- C04B2235/02—Composition of constituents of the starting material or of secondary phases of the final product
- C04B2235/30—Constituents and secondary phases not being of a fibrous nature
- C04B2235/32—Metal oxides, mixed metal oxides, or oxide-forming salts thereof, e.g. carbonates, nitrates, (oxy)hydroxides, chlorides
- C04B2235/3205—Alkaline earth oxides or oxide forming salts thereof, e.g. beryllium oxide
- C04B2235/3206—Magnesium oxides or oxide-forming salts thereof
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，其技术方案的要点是，配料由具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉、硅藻土、活性白土废渣、白炭黑、轻质氧化镁、空心微珠、熟石膏粉、十二烷基硫酸钠、可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液等组成；将配料进行搅拌、挤压造粒、烘干、破碎、筛分、焙烧、保温、筛分、浸泡、烘干、筛分、密封包装为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒；碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒具有比表面积大、堆积密度低、轻质强度好、吸湿率高、吸附和净化性能优越的特点，适用于放置在室内、家具橱柜、车辆、船舶或其它建筑物内，进行吸附和降解甲醛、氨、苯、TVOC等污染物，以达到长时间净化空气的目的。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及陶粒，具体涉及一种碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒。
背景技术
目前市场上供应的空气净化剂有以下几种类型：吸附型空气净化剂、遮盖型除味产品和分解型除味产品。吸附型空气净化剂是利用活性炭、竹炭、分子筛、矿物质等材料的物理吸附、化学吸附、催化氧化和还原等性能去除污染物的净化产品；遮盖型除味产品是利用芳香烃的香味遮盖空气中的各种异味，很多空气清新剂事实上并没有将异味清除，只是用一种香型将异味掩盖而已；分解型空气净化产品在市面上比较少见。
中国专利授权公告号：CN 103861421 B，授权公告日：2015年11月18日，名称为“一种空气净化剂”，公开了“一种空气净化剂，其制备原料按质量分数含有：硅藻土粉、沸石粉、麦饭石粉、电气石粉、活性炭粉，海泡石粉、二氧化钛粉，并采用如下方法制备：1)将硅藻土粉、沸石粉、麦饭石粉、电气石粉、活性炭粉，海泡石粉、二氧化钛粉混合；2)将步骤1)所得混合物造粒；3)烘干步骤2)造粒后所得混合物。本发明制得的空气净化剂比表面大而且均匀，对空气中有害物质的吸附分解效果好，是用于室内，车内等封闭空间的环境净化和各种空气净化器的理想选择材料”。
上述专利的不足之处是：⑴硅藻土粉、沸石粉、麦饭石粉、电气石粉、活性炭粉和海泡石粉没有经过必要的改性处理，很难真正发挥其有效净化空气的作用。⑵所得混合粉体添加20-30％的清水搅拌后采用圆盘造粒机造粒，是一种直径为1.2-1.6mm的圆形颗粒。该发明的混合粉体自身正常含水率大于10％，加水造粒后的圆形颗粒含水率将大于30％，而烘干温度在低于100℃情况下，很难在3个小时内将圆形颗粒烘干。⑶硅藻土、沸石、麦饭石、电气石和海泡石在250～450℃进行热处理加工后，其吸附性能比较好，这是本领域的技术人员共知；该发明的圆形颗粒在低于100℃情况下进行烘干，并不能有效提高净化空气的作用，而且圆形颗粒的抗压强度也很小，用手轻轻一捏，就会将圆形颗粒捏碎为粉未状。
市场上供应的圆球形空气净化剂、分子筛、干燥剂或其它的圆球形颗粒，在造粒过程中是先将粉状配料加工成一种直径小于0.5毫米的小球，然后将配制好的雾状水溶液，喷洒在运转中的造粒机内的小球里，再将粉状配料洒落在湿润的小球的表面，经过多次重复的喷洒雾状水溶液和将粉状配料洒落在湿润的小球的表面，经过一层又一层的包裹，小球的体积不断增大，最终完成造粒的全过程，制备成一种圆球形颗粒，由于圆球形颗粒内部结构非常密实，大大减少了圆球形颗粒有效的比表面积，圆球形颗粒的比重和堆积密度都比较大，直接影响到圆球形颗粒的吸附净化效果。
发明内容
本发明的目的是克服现有技术中不足之处，提供一种碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的配料由具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉、硅藻土、活性白土废渣、白炭黑、轻质碳酸钙、轻质氧化镁、活性氧化铝、铝酸钠、空心微珠、熟石膏粉、膨胀珍珠岩、十二烷基硫酸钠和可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液组成。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的生产方法：将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料进行搅拌、挤压造粒、烘干、破碎、筛分、焙烧、保温、筛分、浸泡、烘干、筛分、密封包装为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒。
具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉由高粘凹凸棒石粘土、凹凸棒恒湿调理剂、天然矿物吸附过滤剂、侧柏叶、硅酸铝纤维和聚丙烯酰胺组成，具有较好的粘结性、可塑性、触变性、耐火性和热稳定性，能有效的吸附空气中甲醛、氨和苯等有害物质，保护环境和增进人们的身体健康，本发明选用具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
硅藻土是由单细胞水生植物硅藻的遗骸沉积所形成，这种硅藻的独特性能在于能吸收水中的游离硅形成其骨骸，当其生命结束后沉积，在一定的地质条件下形成硅藻土矿床。硅藻土的颜色为白色、灰白色、灰色和浅灰褐色等，有细腻、松散、质轻、多孔、吸水性和渗透性强的性质。硅藻土比表面积大，空隙呈有规律分布，化学性质稳定，是一种天然纳米孔径无定形硅质材料，本发明选用硅藻土的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
活性白土是一种无臭、无味、无毒的白色或米色粉末或颗粒，经脱色以后的活性白土失去了活性即成为活性白土废渣，一些油厂都将这些活性白土废渣丢弃，如果得不到及时处理，活性白土废渣内的脂类有机质发酵后产生霉变和恶臭，不仅资源浪费，污染环境及地下水质，而且易引起火灾，将对社会和企业造成一定的损失；本发明选用活性白土废渣的颗粒细度≤0.149毫米。
白炭黑是一种超微细无机多孔性物质，由于其粒径很小，具有比表面积大、表面吸附力强、化学纯度高、分散性能好、优越的稳定性、补强性、增稠性、附着力和触变性等特异的性能。
轻质碳酸钙颗粒微细、表面较粗糙，比表面积大，轻质碳酸钙还具有不沉降，易分散，光泽好等特性，本发明选用轻质碳酸钙的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
轻质氧化镁为白色轻质疏松无定型粉末，无臭无味，无毒，轻质氧化镁所占体积约为重质氧化镁的三倍左右，有高度耐火绝热性能，增强剂、胶粘剂，本发明选用轻质氧化镁的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
活性氧化铝是一种多孔性、高分散度的固体材料，有很大的表面积，其微孔表面具备催化作用所要求的特性，如吸附性能、表面活性、优良的热稳定性等，所以被广泛地用作化学反应的催化剂和催化剂载体，本发明选用活性氧化铝的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
铝酸钠又名偏铝酸钠，是一种常见化学物品，白色、无臭、无味，呈强碱性的固体，在空气中易吸收水份和二氧化碳，本发明选用铝酸钠的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
天然二水石膏又称为生石膏，经过煅烧、磨细可得熟石膏粉，熟石膏有较多的微孔结构，使之具优良的隔音、隔热和防火性能，本发明选用熟石膏粉的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
空心微珠外观为灰白色，是一种松散、流动性好的粉体材料，空心微珠比重小、表面光滑、强度大、易分散，本发明选用空心微珠的颗粒细度≤≤0.149毫米。
珍珠岩经膨胀而成为一种轻质、多功能新型材料，具有表观密度轻、导热系数低、化学稳定性好等特点，本发明选用膨胀珍珠岩的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
十二烷基硫酸钠为白色或淡黄色粉状，溶于水，对碱和硬水不敏感，具有去污、乳化和优异的发泡力，是一种无毒的阴离子表面活性剂。
可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液喷涂在建筑物或装饰材料表面，在光的照射下，可以持续不断的吸附和降解甲醛、氨、苯、甲苯、二甲苯、TVOC等污染物，并具有极强的杀菌、除臭、防霉、防污自洁和净化空气的功能。
本发明通过下述技术方案予以实现：
1、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品55～95％和可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液5～45％。
2、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的生产方法：⑴先将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液放入浸泡池里，再将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品缓慢加入浸泡池内的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液中，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品内外的微孔，不断的吸入可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液，直至呈饱和状态；⑵从浸泡池里取出吸满可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，输送到低温回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在150～180℃，烘干时间控制在1～3小时；⑶将低温烘干后的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物，密封包装为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的成品。
3、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉10～45％、硅藻土5～25％、活性白土废渣2～10％、白炭黑1～8％、轻质碳酸钙1～5％、轻质氧化镁1～5％、活性氧化铝1～5％、铝酸钠0.5～5％、空心微珠0.5～5％、熟石膏粉0.5～5％、膨胀珍珠岩0.5～5％、十二烷基硫酸钠0.5～5％和水10～40％。
4、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的生产方法：⑴将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料输入已经运转的搅拌混合机中，搅拌混合为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物；⑵将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物输送到挤压造粒机中，挤压造粒为一种圆柱形颗粒，⑶将圆柱形颗粒输送到回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在200～250℃，烘干时间控制在1～4小时；⑷将烘干后的圆柱形颗粒输送到破碎机中进行破碎，破碎后进行筛分为不规则的碎石形颗粒，碎石形颗粒的颗粒细度控制在0.5～6毫米；⑸将筛分后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入回转式焙烧炉中焙烧，燃烧室的温度控制在650～750℃，焙烧时间控制在1～3小时；⑹将焙烧后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入不锈钢圆筒库中保温，保温时间控制在8～24小时；⑺将保温冷却后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物后，为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品。
5、具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的生产方法是：⑴将具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的配料混合后输入粉碎机中进行粉碎，粉碎后的混合物颗粒细度小于0.5毫米；⑵将粉状混合物加入浸泡陈腐池中用水进行浸泡陈腐处理为半成品，浸泡陈腐时间控制在7～30天；⑶将半成品输入真空挤出机中挤压成圆柱形条状物，圆柱形条状物的直径控制在2～10毫米；⑷将圆柱形条状物输入到水泥晒场进行晾晒，晾晒后的圆柱形条状物含水量小于15％；⑸将晾晒后的圆柱形条状物输入磨机中进行磨粉为粉状物，粉状物的颗粒细度小于0.074毫米。
具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：高粘凹凸棒石粘土35～60％、凹凸棒恒湿调理剂10～35％、天然矿物吸附过滤剂5～20％、侧柏叶2～15％、硅酸铝纤维1～5％和聚丙烯酰胺0.1～3％。
具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉是采用由本发明人于2011年2月25日申请的“具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉”，中国专利授权公告号为：CN 102173743 B，授权公告日：2012年7月25日。
高粘凹凸棒石粘土是采用提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺生产的凹凸棒石粘土，从矿区开采的凹凸棒石粘土，需要经过30～120天的自然风化；改性处理方法是：以重量百分比计算，取自然风化后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％，均匀加入2～6％碳酸钠，共同输入浸泡池中，加入清水进行浸泡陈化，浸泡时间为72～120小时；取浸泡后的凹凸棒石粘土，输入搅拌机中进行搅拌，并将搅拌后的凹凸棒石粘土，经挤压机挤成薄片，其厚度控制在0.5～2毫米，将凹凸棒石粘土薄片，进行晾晒，晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土薄片，其含水量≤15％；配料以重量百分比计算：晾晒后的凹凸棒石粘土94～98％、高吸水树脂0.5～5％和纤维素0.5～3％，将上述配料进行搅拌，搅拌均匀后输入磨机中进行磨粉，颗粒细度≤0.074毫米；
上述生产工艺是采用由本发明人于2005年6月20日申请的“提高凹凸棒石粘土粘度的加工工艺”，中国专利授权公告号为：CN 1317067C，授权公告日：2007年5月23日。
高粘凹凸棒石粘土的检测方法：取28.0g凹凸棒石粘土粉试样，加入高速搅拌机的悬浮液杯中，再加入372g水，将悬浮液杯置于高速搅拌机上，在11000转/分钟的转速下搅拌20分钟，再将经过高速搅拌试样悬浮液倒入250mL的烧杯中，使用NDJ-1型旋转粘度计测试悬浮液的粘度，测试粘度值≥2200 mPa•s为高粘凹凸棒石粘土。
6、可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：硅藻土5～12％、酸化后的凹凸棒石粘土4～10％、高粘凹凸棒石粘土2～8％、纳米二氧化钛1～5％、白炭黑1～5％、纳米载银抗菌粉0.5～5％、纳米氧化镁0.5～5％、纳米二氧化锆0～5％、纳米氧化铝0～5％、纳米氧化锌0～5％、聚乙烯醇0.5～5％、聚乙二醇0.1～3％、聚二甲基硅氧烷0.1～2％和去离子水50～82％；
可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的生产方法：⑴将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的配料输入已经运转的高速分散机中进行强力搅拌、分散和乳化，然后输入三辊研磨机中研磨为可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的半成品；⑵将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的半成品输入胶体磨中，再次进行分散、乳化、粉碎、均质、消泡和研磨；⑶研磨后的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液中固体颗粒的粒度≤0.01毫米，罐装为可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液。
可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液是采用由本申请人于2016年07月29日申请的“可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液”，中国专利申请号为：201610612687.3。
本发明中所述含水量百分比为重量百分比。
本发明中的具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉内有大量的微孔和活性炭，具有较好的粘结性、可塑性、触变性、耐火性和热稳定性，能有效的吸附空气中甲醛、氨和苯等有害物质。
采用具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉为主要原料，生产碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，充分发挥了具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的有效功能。
硅藻土具有细腻、松散、质轻、多孔、吸水性和渗透性强的性质。硅藻土比表面积大，空隙呈有规律分布，化学性质稳定，是一种天然纳米孔径无定形硅质材料，提高了碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的吸附性能，降低堆积密度和增加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内部的孔隙率。
活性白土废渣在焙烧过程中，活性白土废渣内的脂类和有机质共同参加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的焙烧，提高了燃烧气流的热量，不但能节省能源，还有利于碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的内部能完全烧透，增加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内部的孔隙率。
白炭黑、轻质氧化镁、活性氧化铝和铝酸钠能提高碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的吸附能力和增加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的颗粒强度。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料中采用十二烷基硫酸钠，有利于在搅拌混合过程中能产生大量的泡沫，以增加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内部的微孔。
轻质碳酸钙、熟石膏粉、空心微珠和膨胀珍珠岩能降低碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的堆积密度，增加碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内部的孔隙率。
吸入可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品，经过烘干后为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，在光的照射下，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒可以持续不断的吸附和降解甲醛、氨、苯和TVOC等污染物，并具有极强的杀菌、除臭、防霉、防污自洁和净化空气的功能。
挤压造粒后的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒圆柱形颗粒含水率大于30％，直接输送到回转式焙烧炉中高温焙烧，在高温焙烧过程中，圆柱形颗粒的表面先开始烧结固化，而内部的水蒸汽很难快速蒸发出来，圆柱形颗粒将会产生爆裂，而且也不能将圆柱形颗粒内部烧透。
本发明先将圆柱形颗粒输送到回转式烘干炉中缓慢进行预烘干，烘干温度控制在150～250℃，再将烘干后的圆柱形颗粒输送到破碎机中进行破碎，破碎后进行筛分为不规则的碎石形颗粒，最后将筛分后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入回转式焙烧炉中焙烧，燃烧室的温度控制在650～750℃，可以确保在焙烧过程中将不规则的碎石形颗粒烧透，而且还能节省25％以上的燃料。
焙烧后的不规则的碎石形颗粒内在温度仍然高达600℃以上，将焙烧后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入不锈钢圆筒库中保温，可以利用自身的余热，继续对不规则的碎石形颗粒均匀加热，不但能确保将不规则的碎石形颗粒内部完全烧透，还能起到均匀散布热量和缓慢降温的作用，以提高碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的内在质量。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品是一种不规则的碎石形颗粒，表面和内部有大量的微孔，并且是一种开口孔，开口孔不仅彼此贯通还与外界相通，增加了陶粒的有效比表面积、强度和降低堆积密度，并能在实际使用中大大提高陶粒的吸附和净化空气的效果。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒具有比表面积大、堆积密度低、轻质强度好、吸湿率高、吸附和净化性能优越的特点，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒在干燥状态下没有粉尘，可以吸附空气中大量的甲醛、氨、苯和TVOC等污染物，长年浸泡在水中也不会产生崩解。
吸入可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，是在吸附的基础上进行降解，全面提高了碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒吸附和净化空气的能力。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒经过长时间的使用，吸附一定量的污染物后，硅藻土光触媒降解能力开始下降，会呈现出饱和状态，采用90～100℃的热水，将已经处于饱和状态的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒进行反冲洗，清洗粘附在碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内外的硅藻土光触媒薄膜或微粒，清洗干净后，将新配制的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液，喷涂或浸泡到碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒内外，并进行烘干或晒干，可以继续发挥碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒净化空气的作用。
清洗下来的微粒废渣可以用于种植吊兰、芦荟、虎尾兰、袖珍椰子、常春藤和绿萝等绿色植物，微粒废渣内没有分解的殘留物将会被吊兰、芦荟、虎尾兰等绿色植物缓慢吸附分解，不会产生新的污染。
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒适用于放置在室内、家具橱柜、车辆、飞机、船舶、地铁、隧道、高速公路隔音板、军事设施、装饰材料、公共场所或其它建筑物内，进行吸附和降解甲醛、氨、苯、TVOC等污染物，以达到长时间净化空气的目的。
具体实施方式
下面结合实施例对本发明作进一步的描述：
1、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品88％和可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液12％。
2、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的生产方法：⑴先将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液放入浸泡池里，再将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品缓慢加入浸泡池内的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液中，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品内外的微孔，不断的吸入可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液，直至呈饱和状态；⑵从浸泡池里取出吸满可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，输送到低温回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在160～170℃，烘干时间控制在2小时；⑶将低温烘干后的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物，密封包装为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的成品。
3、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉38％、硅藻土12％、活性白土废渣4％、白炭黑3％、轻质碳酸钙2％、轻质氧化镁2％、活性氧化铝2％、铝酸钠2％、空心微珠1％、熟石膏粉1％、膨胀珍珠岩1％、十二烷基硫酸钠2％和水30％。
4、碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的生产方法：⑴将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料输入已经运转的搅拌混合机中，搅拌混合为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物；⑵将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物输送到挤压造粒机中，挤压造粒为一种圆柱形颗粒，⑶将圆柱形颗粒输送到回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在220～230℃，烘干时间控制在1小时；⑷将烘干后的圆柱形颗粒输送到破碎机中进行破碎，破碎后进行筛分为不规则的碎石形颗粒，碎石形颗粒的颗粒细度控制在0.5～5毫米；⑸将筛分后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入回转式焙烧炉中焙烧，燃烧室的温度控制在650～660℃，焙烧时间控制在1小时；⑹将焙烧后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入不锈钢圆筒库中保温，保温时间控制在16小时；⑺将保温冷却后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物后，为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品。
Claims (3)
1.一种碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，其特征在于，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品55～95％和可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液5～45％；
所述碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉10～45％、硅藻土5～25％、活性白土废渣2～10％、白炭黑1～8％、轻质碳酸钙1～5％、轻质氧化镁1～5％、活性氧化铝1～5％、铝酸钠0.5～5％、空心微珠0.5～5％、熟石膏粉0.5～5％、膨胀珍珠岩0.5～5％、十二烷基硫酸钠0.5～5％和水10～40％；
碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的生产方法：⑴将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品的配料输入已经运转的搅拌混合机中，搅拌混合为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物；⑵将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的混合物输送到挤压造粒机中，挤压造粒为一种圆柱形颗粒，⑶将圆柱形颗粒输送到回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在200～250℃，烘干时间控制在1～4小时；⑷将烘干后的圆柱形颗粒输送到破碎机中进行破碎，破碎后进行筛分为不规则的碎石形颗粒，碎石形颗粒的颗粒细度控制在0.5～6毫米；⑸将筛分后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入回转式焙烧炉中焙烧，燃烧室的温度控制在650～750℃，焙烧时间控制在1～3小时；⑹将焙烧后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输入不锈钢圆筒库中保温，保温时间控制在8～24小时；⑺将保温冷却后的不规则的碎石形颗粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物后，为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品；
所述可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的配料按重量百分比由下列组分组成：硅藻土5～12％、酸化后的凹凸棒石粘土4～10％、高粘凹凸棒石粘土2～8％、纳米二氧化钛1～5％、白炭黑1～5％、纳米载银抗菌粉0.5～5％、纳米氧化镁0.5～5％、纳米二氧化锆0～5％、纳米氧化铝0～5％、纳米氧化锌0～5％、聚乙烯醇0.5～5％、聚乙二醇0.1～3％、聚二甲基硅氧烷0.1～2％和去离子水50～82％；
可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的生产方法：⑴将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的配料输入已经运转的高速分散机中进行强力搅拌、分散和乳化，然后输入三辊研磨机中研磨为可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的半成品；⑵将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的半成品输入胶体磨中，再次进行分散、乳化、粉碎、均质、消泡和研磨；⑶研磨后的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液中固体颗粒的粒度≤0.01毫米，罐装为可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液。
2.根据权利要求1所述的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，其特征在于，具有净化空气功能的凹凸棒陶土粉的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，硅藻土的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米,活性白土废渣的颗粒细度≤0.149毫米，轻质碳酸钙的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，轻质氧化镁的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，活性氧化铝的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，铝酸钠的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，空心微珠的颗粒细度≤0.149毫米，熟石膏粉的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米，膨胀珍珠岩的颗粒细度≤0.074毫米。
3.根据权利要求1所述的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，其特征在于，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的生产方法：⑴先将可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液放入浸泡池里，再将碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品缓慢加入浸泡池内的可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液中，碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒半成品内外的微孔，不断的吸入可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液，直至呈饱和状态；⑵从浸泡池里取出吸满可擦洗硅藻土光触媒喷涂液的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒，输送到低温回转式烘干炉中进行烘干，烘干温度控制在150～180℃，烘干时间控制在1～3小时；⑶将低温烘干后的碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒输送到振动筛中进行筛分，筛去小于0.25毫米的粉状物，密封包装为碎石形具有净化空气功能的硅藻土轻质陶粒的成品。
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