CN106430711A - Apparatus for extracting organic matters in fresh water by using two-stage resin - Google Patents
Apparatus for extracting organic matters in fresh water by using two-stage resin Download PDFInfo
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- CN106430711A CN106430711A CN201610920455.4A CN201610920455A CN106430711A CN 106430711 A CN106430711 A CN 106430711A CN 201610920455 A CN201610920455 A CN 201610920455A CN 106430711 A CN106430711 A CN 106430711A
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- water
- enriching apparatus
- water tank
- reverse osmosis
- acid
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/285—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using synthetic organic sorbents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/30—Organic compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2301/00—General aspects of water treatment
- C02F2301/08—Multistage treatments, e.g. repetition of the same process step under different conditions
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- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Separation Using Semi-Permeable Membranes (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an apparatus for extracting organic matters in fresh water by using two-stage resin, comprising a raw water supply unit, a pretreatment unit, a reverse osmosis concentrating unit, a PH adjusting unit, a finished liquid extracting unit, a water tank and a master control system; the reverse osmosis concentrating unit herein separates purified water and concentrated water, the concentrated water enters a water tank again and is cyclically concentrated, a concentrating system is shut off when a compression ratio is suitable; the PH adjusting unit adjusts PH value of concentrated water, the adjusting process is full-automatic, labor is saved, production cost is reduced, and PH adjusting rate is high; first and second adsorption enriching device in the finished liquid extracting unit perform adsorption and purification and organic solvent removal on organic matters in the concentrated water so that high-purity fresh water organic solid powder can be obtained. The apparatus for extracting organic matters in fresh water by using two-stage resin is simple in structure, convenient to operate and high in yield.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to organic matter extracts field, the device of fresh water organic matter is more particularly to extracted using two-stage resin.
Background technology
Fresh water organic matter is can be by the class natural macromolecular organic admixture that aperture is 0.45 μm of filter membrane, and it originates
In animals and plants secretions and its Residue decay product, the Nomenclature Composition and Structure of Complexes changes with space-time and source.In poisons in freshwater, organic
Matter has important ecological and environmental activity.Such as organic matter is the main matter for affecting poisons in freshwater color and taste, is water body
The important regulator of acid-base value.It can be interacted with nutritive salt such as nitrogen phosphorus, affect fresh water aquatic ecosystem.Organic matter with
A large amount of hazardous contaminants in poisons in freshwater interact, so as to change migration, transformation rule and the life of pollutant
Thing utilizability.It can also be reacted with disinfection of tap water agent, produce the carcinogenic teratogenesis disinfection byproduct (DBP) such as haloform.Therefore
In recent years, the organic matter in poisons in freshwater causes extensive concern.Research shows, in poisons in freshwater, organic matter mainly includes corruption
Grow the small-molecule substance such as the acidic materials such as acid, fulvic acid and polypeptide, polysaccharide, aminoacid.Wherein, polypeptide, polysaccharide, aminoacid etc.
Small-molecule substance, proportion is little, it is easy to utilized and decomposed by aquatile.The acidic materials such as humic acid, fulvic acid divide
Son amount is big, it is difficult to degrade, and is main component in organic matter and pays close attention to object.Additionally, organic matter contains in poisons in freshwater
Amount is extremely low, and general concentration is between 0.1-10mg/L, and it is the difficult point of organic matter research which separates and is enriched with.
Reverse osmosis technology be higher than in the presence of solution osmotic pressure, semipermeable membrane can not be passed through according to macromolecular substances and incite somebody to action
These materials and water are separated.The membrane aperture of reverse osmosis membrane is very little, therefore, it is possible to effectively go in eliminating water dissolved salts,
Colloid, microorganism, Organic substance etc..Reverse osmosiss have salt rejection rate height, the big and long service life of mechanical strength, chemistry or biochemical tolerance
The advantages of property is strong.The present invention is realized to fresh water organic matter initial concentration using reverse osmosis technology.
Chinese utility model patent (application number：201520012044.6, title：Low-concentration organic composition analysis in water
Pretreatment unit) disclose a kind of pretreatment unit of low-concentration organic composition analysis in water, including raw water box, concentrated water case
And fresh-water tank；First pipeline is set and through first pipeline communication, on the pipeline of the first pipeline between raw water box and fresh-water tank
Water intaking valve, Feed Pressurization pump and cartridge filter is set gradually, Feed Pressurization pump is located at the upstream of cartridge filter；Concentrated water case
Second pipe is set and fresh-water tank between and through the second pipe connection, on the pipeline of second pipe, is disposed with one-level supercharging
Pump and first-stage reverse osmosis film, one-level booster pump is located at the upstream of first-stage reverse osmosis film, and the water outlet of first-stage reverse osmosis film is through the
Two pipelines are connected with fresh-water tank, arrange the 3rd pipeline and through the 3rd pipe between the concentrated water outlet of first-stage reverse osmosis film and concentrated water case
Road is connected, and is provided with one-level zwitterion mixed-bed resin Filter column on the pipeline of the 3rd pipeline.
This utility model can realize anion, the cation that goes in eliminating water by cation and anion exchange mixed bed Filter column,
Disclosure satisfy that the needs of the Organic substances such as infrared, nuclear-magnetism composition parsing；But there is also following defect：1. the main subfraction of organic matter
For macromolecule organic acid (as humic acid, fulvic acid account for 50-90%), most fulvic acid in neutral and weakly acidic pH water body
It is anion with humic acid ionization, while the utility model removes anion in water body using anion exchange resin, can be big
Amount absorption organic matter, causes acid ingredient loss in organic matter.While the albuminoid class organic matter in organic matter is amphiprotic substance,
Can not only ionize as anion in water body but also can ionize as cation, the utility model anions and canons hybrid switching resin
Albuminoid class organic matter can be adsorbed in a large number, cause albuminoid class organic composition to lose.2. this utility model patent is only applicable to
Fresh water organic matter, and it is inapplicable to extract for sea water organic matter, because containing substantial amounts of sodium ion in sea water, reverse osmosiss pole
Easily cause the crystalline deposit of Sodium Chloride, damage the operation of equipment；3. this utility model patent adopts zwitterion mixed-bed resin mistake
Filter post removes calcium ion in eliminating water, magnesium ion, chloride ion, sulfate ion etc., rather than is carried out using international XAD resin
Absorptive collection organic matter, the concentration ratio of the organic matter that this mode is collected is relatively low, it is impossible to which meeting in experimentation has to high concentration
The demand of machine matter.Therefore, there is certain defect in the design process in the utility model, make to account for the big of the main subfraction of organic matter
Molecular organic acids and albuminoid class organic matter are lost.Therefore, the utility model can not extract the whole organic matter fractions of whole water bodys,
In addition, this utility model complex structure, it is impossible to realize effective Automated condtrol, exploitativeness is not good.
Content of the invention
In order to obtain certain density extracting solution, preferably using the organic matter in extracting solution, the invention provides adopting
Two-stage resin extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, effectively can easily extract the organic matter in raw water.
In order to solve above-mentioned technical problem, the employing two-stage resin of the present invention extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, including original
Water feed unit, pretreatment unit, reverse osmosis concentration unit, acid-base value adjustment unit, finished fluid extraction unit, water tank and master control
System processed；
The finished fluid extraction unit includes primary adsorption enriching apparatus, secondary absorption enriching apparatus, elution device and adds
Medicine device, the outlet respectively with water tank of the entrance of the primary adsorption enriching apparatus, the outlet of elution device, the going out of chemicals dosing plant
Mouth connection；The outlet respectively with elution device of the entrance of the secondary absorption enriching apparatus, the outlet of chemicals dosing plant, primary adsorption
The outlet connection of enriching apparatus；
The bottom of primary adsorption enriching apparatus and secondary absorption enriching apparatus is equipped with waste cock；
The primary adsorption enriching apparatus include adsorption column and filler, and described filler described is filled out in the adsorption column
Expect for one or more in XAD-8 resin, DAX-8 resin and XAD-7 resin；The secondary absorption enriching apparatus include absorption
Post and filler, described filler is in the adsorption column, and described filler is XAD-4 resin；
The water tank adopts acid resisting material, and which is above provided with closure, lower end be funnel shaped, be provided with which agitator,
Liquid level sensor and pH sensor；The end face of the closure is provided with least 5 through holes；The water tank and primary adsorption richness
Pipeline between acquisition means gos deep in water tank, and pipeline top is that sealing structure, duct wall is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 50 μm, hole
Minimum altitude control at the 1/100-1/10 of tank height, the tank pipe that stretches into is externally provided with filter mantle, the filtration
The aperture of cover is 100 μm.
Preferably, raw water feed unit adopts self-priming water supplying pump, and raw water is mainly the fresh water water such as rivers and lakes and subsoil water
Body, the turbidity of raw water quality is within 1000NTU, and the value of dissolved organic carbon is within 1000mg/l, and electrical conductivity value exists
Within 30000mS/cm；The front end of self priming pump is provided with filter bag, and the aperture of the filter bag is 5 μm.
Preferably, the pretreatment unit includes one-level precision microfiltration filter and two grades of accurate microfiltration filters, one-level
In accurate microfiltration filter, the aperture of precision Filter element is 1 μm, and in two grades of accurate microfiltration filters, the aperture of precision Filter element is 0.45 μ
m；The one-level precision entrance of microfiltration filter is connected with the outlet of self priming pump, the outlet and two of one-level precision microfiltration filter
The entrance connection of the accurate micro-filter of level, the outlet of two grades of accurate microfiltration filters is connected with water tank.
Preferably, firsts and seconds precision Filter element is all using polypropylene filter element, and precision Filter element needs to change in time, can keep away
Exempt from blocking and excessive contaminants cooperating microorganisms.
Preferably, the reverse osmosis concentration unit includes reverse osmosis units, high-pressure pump, the first conductivity probe and the second electricity
Conductance is popped one's head in；Wherein reverse osmosis units include reverse osmosis membrane and rustless steel putamina, and the aperture value of the reverse osmosis membrane is
0.1nm；
First conductivity probe is located at the reverse osmosis units concentrated water exit, and the second conductivity probe is located at reverse osmosis
Thoroughly between the outlet of unit pure water and elution device；Numerical value is detected by contrasting two conductivity probes, it can be determined that reverse osmosis membrane
Whether working condition is good.
Preferably, the reverse osmosis units are provided with liquid-inlet, concentrated water outlet and pure water outlet；The liquid-inlet passes through
High-pressure pump is connected with water tank, and the concentrated water outlet is connected with water tank, and the pure water outlet is connected with the entrance of elution device, described
The entrance for exporting respectively with primary adsorption enriching apparatus of elution device, the entrance of secondary absorption enriching apparatus are connected；The pouring
Cleaning device upper end is provided with discharge outlet, for discharging excessive pure water.
Preferably, the reverse osmosis units concentrated water and pure water outlet are equipped with security valve, in raw water concentration process, described anti-
When permeation unit pure water and concentrated water electrical conductivity difference are less than preset value, the security valve is opened, and illustrates that now system cannot be carried out
Reverse osmosis concentration.
Preferably, the acid-base value adjustment unit includes pH sensor, agitator, metering dosing pump, the first acid solution medicine
Agent case and the second acid solution chemical tank；The pH sensor in the water tank, the first acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution medicament
Case is arranged in juxtaposition；The metering dosing pump measures dosing between the first acid solution chemical tank, the second acid solution chemical tank and water tank
The outlet respectively with the first acid solution chemical tank of the entrance of pump, the outlet of the second acid solution chemical tank are connected, and measure the outlet of dosing pump
It is connected with water tank.
Preferably, the general control system includes control unit and touch screen device, and the controllable unit is connected with touch screen device,
The controllable unit is connected with self priming pump, liquid level sensor, pH sensor, metering dosing pump and high-pressure pump；The pH sensing
Device is provided with lifting platform, can rise to pH sensor outside water tank if necessary.
Preferably, in the water tank, liquid level sensor is provided with, its height of water level control is in the 1/5-4/5 of tank height.
Present invention also offers a kind of have using the device extraction fresh water for extracting fresh water organic matter using two-stage resin
The method of machine matter, which comprises the steps：
(1) start the main power start button of general control system；
(2) start self priming pump start button, self priming pump draws raw water by pipeline, and filter bag is preliminary through self priming pump front end
Raw water after filtration, the one-level precision microfiltration filter for being entered in pretreatment unit by the supercharging of self priming pump carries out one to raw water
Secondary filtration, the raw water after once filtering enters two grades of accurate microfiltration filters and carries out secondary filter, after filtering through second
Raw water enters water tank by pipeline；
(3) raw water in water tank enters into reverse osmosis concentration unit through high-pressure pump supercharging by pipeline, and reverse osmosis membrane can cut
Solvable inorganic salt and the natural organic matter in raw water is stayed, obtains pure water and concentrated water；It is directly discharged to through the pure water of reverse osmosis membrane
Stored in elution device, unnecessary pure water is by the discharge of elution device upper end discharge outlet, and concentrated water is recycled into water tank, works as position
When the dissolved organic carbon content that dissolved organic carbon on-line determination device in water tank is determined reaches preset value, stop concentrating；Instead
The poisons in freshwaters such as rivers and lakes and subsoil water are separated into pure water and concentrated water by permeable membrane, and pure water ratio is higher, concentrated water saliferous rate and are had
Machine matter concentration is higher, but too high pure water ratio is damaged to reverse osmosis membrane, therefore, pure water amount and row that reverse osmosis membrane is discharged
The ratio of the concentrated water amount for going out is 1:9-9:1, preferably 1:2-2:1；
(4) start acid-base value adjustment unit, metering dosing pump receives pH sensor signal and starts acid solution addition program, passes through
First passage extracts acid solution from the first acid solution chemical tank and injects non-oxidizable acid solution to water tank by the first acid-resistant pipeline, while
In water tank, stirring motor starts so that acid solution and concentrated water uniformly mix, and until reaching default pH value, metering dosing pump first leads to
Road acid liquid program stopped work, pH sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probe；
Metering dosing pump Fluohydric acid. is extracted from the second acid solution chemical tank by second channel, by the second acid-resistant pipeline to
Fluohydric acid. is injected in water tank, and until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, metering dosing pump and water tank stirring motor quit work；
(5) complete pH value to adjust and Fluohydric acid. addition, and stand the concentrated water after 24h to flow through primary adsorption successively by pipeline
Enriching apparatus and secondary absorption enriching apparatus, complete absorption；After the completion of absorption, primary adsorption device and secondary absorption device is closed
Between valve, open the valve between elution device and primary adsorption enriching apparatus, and open primary adsorption enriching apparatus bottom
The liquid waste cock in portion, the pure water in elution device passes through pipe flushing primary adsorption enriching apparatus, and flushing liquor is by discharging
Switch is discharged, and completes the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus, closes the liquid waste cock of primary adsorption enriching apparatus bottom, is closed
The valve for closing between elution device and primary adsorption enriching apparatus；After completing the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus, dosing is opened
Valve between device and primary adsorption enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant is noted in primary adsorption enriching apparatus by resistance to organic pipeline
Enter nonpolar volatile organic solvent, sent out in the presence of nonpolar volatile organic solvent by the natural organic matter of resin absorption
Raw desorbing, collects effluent and is labeled as primary adsorption enriching apparatus eluent；
(6) after completing primary adsorption enriching apparatus drip washing；The valve that closes between chemicals dosing plant and primary adsorption enriching apparatus
Door；The valve between elution device and secondary absorption enriching apparatus is opened, and opens the liquid of secondary absorption enriching apparatus bottom
Waste cock, the pure water in elution device passes through pipe flushing secondary absorption enriching apparatus, and flushing liquor is discharged by waste cock,
Complete the flushing of secondary absorption enriching apparatus, close the waste cock of secondary absorption enriching apparatus bottom, close elution device and
Valve between secondary absorption enriching apparatus；After completing the flushing of secondary absorption enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant and two grades of suctions are opened
Valve between attached enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant injects nonpolar volatilization by resistance to organic pipeline in secondary absorption enriching apparatus
Property organic solvent, desorbing is occurred in the presence of nonpolar volatile organic solvent by the natural organic matter of resin absorption, collect
Effluent is labeled as secondary absorption enriching apparatus eluent；
Merge primary adsorption enriching apparatus leacheate and secondary absorption enriching apparatus eluent, after rotary evaporation, nitrogen blow or
Naturally volatilization obtains fresh water organic matter pressed powder.
Preferably, the discharge line of reverse osmosis units pure water is provided with flow speed control valve, the reverse osmosis units concentrated water discharge pipe
Road is provided with flow speed control valve, and the pure water amount that reverse osmosis membrane is discharged is 1 with the ratio of the concentrated water amount that discharges:9-9:1.
Preferably, reverse osmosis membrane can not dry-storage, it is necessary to assure have water in rustless steel putamina, if equipment leave unused for some reason super
70h is crossed, reverse osmosis membrane should be soaked in clean water, if long-term leaving unused must be sealed up for safekeeping by reverse osmosis membrane requirement storage mode.
Preferably, general control system adopts low-voltage distribution, and the electric pressure of power supplying and distributing equipment is 220VAC, and sets low pressure and join
Electric cabinet, powers to process system power-equipment；On and off switch in control system is protected with electrical control cubicles gate interlock, can be reached anti-
Dirt, rapid heat dissipation and easy-to-install effect.
Preferably, first acid-resistant pipeline requires to bear the non-oxidizing acid of 10mol/L；Second acid-resistant pipeline
Require to bear the Fluohydric acid. of 6mol/L；The water tank requires to bear 1mol/L strong acid and 0.5mol/L Fluohydric acid.；Described plus
Nonpolar volatile organic solvent in medicine device and resistance to organic pipeline is methanol, ethanol or its mixture, the water tank pH's
Preset value is 0.5-3.
Preferably, the front end of the high-pressure pump is provided with pressure gauge and security valve, in raw water concentration process, before the high-pressure pump
When pressure is more than preset value, the security valve is opened, it is to avoid high-pressure pump is damaged and pipeline burst phenomenon.
Preferably, the front end of the self priming pump is provided with relief valve, is provided with liquid level sensor in the water tank, and its water level is in water
During 4/5 water tank volume of case, the relief valve is opened, and self priming pump shuts down, it is to avoid cistern water level is too high.
The beneficial effect comprise that compared with prior art：
(1) present invention provides the apparatus structure for extracting fresh water organic matter using two-stage resin and is simple and convenient to operate, Ke Yifang
Just the fresh water organic matter solution of desired concn is efficiently extracted, preferably using the organic matter in extracting solution, and automatization's journey
Degree is high；
(2) the one-level precision Filter element aperture in the present invention is set to 1 μm, and two grades of precision Filter element apertures are 0.45 μm, more have
Effect the impurity such as float of larger particles in water is filtered, preferably avoided scuffing, blocking that granule debris are caused to film
And impacting with high pressure；In addition, the effect using tertiary filter can be reached using two-stage filter, the overall knot of device is simplified
Structure, has saved production cost；
(3) whole process that acid-base value adjustment unit adjusts pH value is full automatic, saves labour force, reduces production
Cost, the accuracy rate of the pH value of modulation is higher；
(4) the pure water amount that discharges in reverse osmosis units is preferably 2 with the ratio of the concentrated water amount that discharges:1-1:2, so permissible
Avoid pure water discharge excessive or the too small injury for causing film or device efficiency reduction；
(5) filler in finished fluid extraction unit in primary adsorption enriching apparatus using XAD-8 resin, DAX-8 resin and
One or more of XAD-7 resin, the filler in secondary absorption enriching apparatus adopts XAD-4 resin, and resin column multiple techniques can
With the organic matter being more effectively enriched with concentrated water, remove to the impurity in concentrated water, obtain the higher organic matter liquid of concentration.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the device that the present invention extracts fresh water organic matter using two-stage resin.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
Shown in ginseng Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the process chart of the device that the present invention extracts fresh water organic matter using two-stage resin.This
The organic matter purifying plant that invention is provided, adjusts including raw water feed unit, pretreatment unit, reverse osmosis concentration unit, acid-base value
Section unit, finished fluid extraction unit, water tank 8 and general control system 4；Wherein raw water feed unit mainly includes self priming pump 1；Pre- place
Reason unit includes the accurate microfiltration filter 3 of 2, two grades of one-level precision microfiltration filter；Reverse osmosis concentration unit includes reverse osmosiss list
Unit 10, high-pressure pump 9 and dissolved organic carbon on-line monitoring equipment, wherein reverse osmosis units 10 include reverse osmosis membrane and stainless steel membrane
Shell；Acid-base value adjustment unit includes pH sensor, metering dosing pump 5, the first acid solution chemical tank 6 and the second acid solution chemical tank 7；Become
Product liquid extraction unit includes elution device 13, chemicals dosing plant 14, primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 and secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16；
General control system 4 is main using automatically controlling, and collection control operation unification in switch board therein is carried out, and realizes can whole system
Automatically control operation and manual operation.
Wherein, the entrance of one-level precision microfiltration filter 2 is connected with the outlet of self priming pump 1, one-level precision microfiltration filter 2
Outlet be connected with the entrance of two grades of accurate microfiltration filters 3, the outlet of two grades of precision microfiltration filters 3 is connected with water tank 8；pH
Sensor is located in water tank 8, and the first acid solution chemical tank 6 and the second acid solution chemical tank 7 are arranged in juxtaposition, and dosage dosing pump 5 is located at water
Between case 8 and the first acid solution chemical tank 6, the second acid solution chemical tank 7, the entrance of dosing pump 5 and the first acid solution chemical tank 6 is measured
Outlet, the outlet of the second acid solution chemical tank 7 connection, the outlet for measuring dosing pump 5 is connected with water tank 8；Reverse osmosis units 10 are provided with
Liquid-inlet, concentrated water outlet and pure water outlet；Liquid-inlet is connected with water tank 8 by high-pressure pump 9, and concentrated water outlet is with water tank 8 even
Connect, pure water outlet is connected with elution device 13, elution device 13 export entrance respectively with primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15, two grades
The entrance connection of adsorption and enrichment device 16；The entrance of primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 is connected with water tank 8, primary adsorption enriching apparatus
15 outlet is connected with the entrance of secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16；The outlet of chemicals dosing plant 14 respectively with primary adsorption enriching apparatus
15 entrance, the entrance connection of secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16；13 upper end of elution device is provided with discharge outlet, excessive pure for discharging
Water；The bottom of primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 and secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16 is equipped with liquid waste cock.
The employing two-stage resin that the present invention is provided extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, and maximum pure water output capacity is 0.2m3/ h,
Its raw water water source is the poisons in freshwater such as rivers and lakes and subsoil water, the water quality requirement of raw water for water quality turbidity 1000NTU it
Interior, the value of dissolved organic carbon is within 1000mg/l, and electrical conductivity value is within 30000 μ S/cm/.
General control system adopts low-voltage distribution, and the electric pressure of power supplying and distributing equipment is 220VAC, and sets low-voltage distribution cabinet, to
Process system power-equipment is powered.In addition, in control system, be equipped with the switch board of independent operation, and electric switch and electric unit
Part is all concentrated in switch board, on and off switch and the protection of electrical control cubicles gate interlock, can reach dust-proof, rapid heat dissipation and easy-to-install
Effect.
Main power and start button is first turned on, makes whole system in running order, self priming pump 1 is drawn by pipeline former
Water, raw water is tentatively filtered by being located at the filter bag of self priming pump front end, and the aperture of filter bag is 5 μm, is filtered through preliminary
The one-level precision microfiltration filter 2 that entered in pretreatment unit by the supercharging of self priming pump of raw water once mistake is carried out to raw water
Filter, the raw water after once filtering enters two grades of accurate microfiltration filters 3 and carries out secondary filter, and wherein one-level precision microfiltration is filtered
Filter element aperture in device 2 is 1 μm, and the filter element aperture in two grades of accurate microfiltration filters 3 is 0.45 μm, due in poisons in freshwater
Grain float is more, two grades of accurate microfiltration filters series connection, and this kind of filter element aperture arrange preferably can filter larger in water
The impurity such as particle suspensions, increase water quality, scuffing, blocking and the high pressure punching for more effectively avoiding particulate contaminant from causing film
Hit.In addition, precision Filter element needs to change in time, it is to avoid block and cross multi-pollutant and gather cooperating microorganisms.
Raw water after two grades of precise filtering devices are filtered enters water tank 8 by connecting pipe, and the liquid level in water tank 8 is passed
Sensor is detected to the water level in water tank, and when water level reaches the 4/5 of water tank volume, liquid level sensor is sent out to general control system
Liquid level signal is sent, and after general control system receives liquid level signal, control signal is sent to self priming pump 1 so as to quit work, that is, stop
The water filling in water tank.
Raw water in water tank is pressurizeed the reverse osmosis membrane that enters in reverse osmosis units 10 through high-pressure pump 9, and reverse osmosis membrane can be by
In the fresh water such as surface water, subsoil water and tap water, soluble-salt and DOM molecular retention are in concentrated water；Which is to the dissolved
The removal efficiency of sodium ion can reach 98% 96% or so；Pure water through reverse osmosis membrane is directly discharged to elution device 13
Middle storage, is provided with flow speed control valve on reverse osmosis units 10 with 13 connecting pipe of elution device, can adjust pure water and flow out reverse osmosiss
The speed of film, its speed range of accommodation is 0-200L/h；Treat system after hours, the pure water in elution device 13 can be used to anti-
Permeable membrane flush clean；Concentrated water through reverse osmosis membrane separation is back in water tank 8 through pipeline, in reverse osmosis units 10 and water tank
8 connecting pipes are provided with flow speed control valve, can adjust the speed that concentrated water flows out reverse osmosis membrane, and its speed range of accommodation is 0-200L/
h；Pure water flows out the speed of reverse osmosis membrane and the speed value of concentrated water outflow reverse osmosis membrane is arranged in appropriate scope, makes reverse osmosis
The pure water amount that permeable membrane is discharged is 1 with the ratio of the concentrated water amount that discharges:9-9:1, and then the speed mistake that can avoid flowing out because of pure water
Slowly the injury for reverse osmosis membrane being caused soon or excessively or device efficiency reduce.Concentrated water enters water tank and can circulate concentration, so repeatedly,
Water in raw water box is fewer and feweri, the concentration more and more higher of salinity and the content of organic matter, when the dissolved organic carbon in water tank exists
When the dissolved organic carbon content of line measure device measure reaches preset value, stop concentrating, close concentration systems.
During raw water is concentrated, avoid that cocnentration factor is too high as far as possible, cocnentration factor is higher, reverse osmosis membrane nearby saliferous rate and
Organic matter excessive concentration, can damage to reverse osmosis membrane, therefore, by concentrated water the content of organic matter control 10000mg/L with
Under.Reverse osmosis concentration unit concentrated water exit is provided with the first conductivity probe 11, between reverse osmosis units 10 and elution device 13
Place is provided with the second conductivity probe 12, by contrasting the numerical value that the first conductivity probe 11 and the second conductivity probe 12 are detected,
May determine that reverse osmosis membrane whether seepage；If the numerical value phase that i.e. the first conductivity probe 11 is detected with the second conductivity probe 12
Deng, it is possible to determine that there is Seepage in reverse osmosis membrane.The exit of reverse osmosis units concentrated water and pure water is additionally provided with security valve, in original
In water concentration process, when reverse osmosis units concentrated water and pure electrical conductivity of water difference are less than preset value, security valve is opened, now system
Out of service.
The front end of high-pressure pump 9 is provided with security valve, and during concentration, when water level is less than the 1/5 of water tank, security valve is opened
Open, high-pressure pump shuts down, it is possible thereby to avoid the phenomenon for causing high-pressure pump to burn during high-pressure pump idle running；The front end of high-pressure pump is also
Pressure gauge is provided with, when the pressure before high-pressure pump is more than preset value, security valve is opened, high-pressure pump can be avoided to damage quick-fried with pipeline
Split phenomenon.
Raw water is concentrated after terminating, and starts acid-base value adjustment unit.PH value needed for arranging in general control system 4, which sets
Fixed pH value is 0.5-3, pH sensor by pH value signal transmission to metering dosing pump 5, metering dosing pump startup acid solution addition journey
Sequence, is injected to water tank by the first acid-resistant pipeline from the extraction of the first acid solution chemical tank 6 acid solution by first passage non-oxidizable
Acid solution, while the stirring motor in water tank 8 starts so that acid solution and concentrated water uniformly mix, and carry out pH value regulation, until pH value reaches
To the value for pre-setting, the work of dosing pump first passage acid liquid program stopped is measured, pH sensor lifting platform rises pH sensing
Device is popped one's head in；Metering dosing pump Fluohydric acid. is extracted from the second acid solution chemical tank 7 by second channel, by the second acid-resistant pipeline to
Fluohydric acid. is injected in water tank 8, and until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, metering dosing pump quits work.
The process that whole pH value is adjusted is full automatic, saves labour force, reduces production cost, and the pH for modulating
The degree of accuracy of value is higher, and the process efficiency of preparation is also higher.During pH regulator, turn on agitator motor stirs agitator
Mix the water in water tank 8 so that flow into acid solution medicament therein and uniformly dissolve in water, the acid strength of local can be avoided higher or inclined
Low.
As water tank 8 adopts acid resisting material, and which is provided with closure above, and the end face of closure is provided with least 5 through holes；
Lower end is funnel shaped, is conducive to the output of concentrated water；Agitator and pH sensor is provided with which；PH sensor is provided with lifting platform,
After the completion of pH value is adjusted, lifting platform can rise to pH sensor on the water surface；
Pipeline between water tank and primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 gos deep in water tank, and pipeline top is sealing structure, pipeline
Wall is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 50 μm, and the minimum altitude in hole controls at the 1/100-1/10 of tank height, described stretches into water
Case pipeline is externally provided with filter mantle, and the aperture of the filter mantle is 100 μm；It is more beneficial for the impurity that isolates in concentrated water.
Complete pH value to adjust and Fluohydric acid. addition, and after standing 24h, open the outlet valve of water tank 8, the concentrated water in water tank
Primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 and secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16, primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 and secondary absorption richness are flowed through successively
Filler in acquisition means 16 adsorbs to the organic matter in concentrated water；After the completion of absorption, primary adsorption device 15 and two grades are closed
Valve between adsorbent equipment 16, opens the valve between elution device 13 and primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15, and opens one-level
The liquid waste cock of 15 bottom of adsorption and enrichment device, the pure water in elution device 13 is by pipe flushing primary adsorption enrichment dress
15 are put, flushing liquor is discharged by waste cock, the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 is completed, close primary adsorption enriching apparatus
The waste cock of 15 bottoms, the valve that closes between elution device 13 and primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15；
After completing the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15, open between chemicals dosing plant 14 and primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15
Valve, and open the liquid waste cock of 15 bottom of primary adsorption enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant 14 by resistance to organic pipeline to
Nonpolar volatile organic solvent is injected in primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15, is waved nonpolar by the natural organic matter of resin absorption
There is desorbing in the presence of the property sent out organic solvent, collect effluent and be labeled as primary adsorption enriching apparatus leacheate；
The valve that closes between elution device 13 and primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15；Open elution device 13 and secondary absorption
Valve between enriching apparatus 16, and the liquid waste cock of 16 bottom of secondary absorption enriching apparatus is opened, in elution device 13
Pure water pass through pipe flushing secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16, flushing liquor is discharged by waste cock, complete secondary absorption enrichment
The flushing of device 16, closes the waste cock of 16 bottom of secondary absorption enriching apparatus, closes elution device 13 and secondary absorption richness
Valve between acquisition means 16；
After completing the flushing of secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16, open between chemicals dosing plant 14 and secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16
Valve, and open the liquid waste cock of 16 bottom of secondary absorption enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant 14 by resistance to organic pipeline to
Nonpolar volatile organic solvent is injected in secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16, is waved nonpolar by the natural organic matter of resin absorption
There is desorbing in the presence of the property sent out organic solvent, collect effluent and be labeled as secondary absorption enriching apparatus leacheate；
Merge primary adsorption enriching apparatus leacheate and secondary absorption enriching apparatus leacheate, after rotary evaporation, nitrogen blow or
Naturally volatilization obtains fresh water organic matter pressed powder.
Primary adsorption enriching apparatus 15 include adsorption column and filler, and wherein filler is used located at the interior of adsorption column
XAD-8 resin, one or more of DAX-8 resin and XAD-7 resin, the filler in secondary absorption enriching apparatus 16 be
Resin, can adsorb the organic compositions such as humic acid, fulvic acid, obtain the higher organic matter liquid of concentration.
After completing a cycle of operation, self priming pump is restarted, enter next cycle of operation.When the water body content of organic matter
When relatively low, more than 1 water inlet of self priming pump can be passed through so that in water tank 8, concentrated water dissolved organic carbon concentration reaches preset value, then carries out
Next step acid-base value is adjusted.
Organic matter is extracted after terminating, and closes the discharge outlet of water tank, and the pure water being stored in elution device 13 is imported water tank,
Start and concentrate, concentrated water valve is reached maximum, using pure water the cleaning for realizing reverse osmosis membrane is washed away to film.Reverse osmosis membrane is forbidden to do
Dry storage, it is necessary to assure have water in putamina, if not using more than 70h for some reason, should be soaked in reverse osmosis membrane in clean water, if
Long-term leaving unused must be sealed up for safekeeping by reverse osmosis membrane requirement storage mode.During poisons in freshwater organic matter is extracted, gained pure water is stored in drip washing dress
13 are put, is that reverse osmosis membrane rinses offer water, successfully solves the practical problem that field pure water is difficult to obtain.
A series of detailed description mentioned above is only for illustrating for the feasibility embodiment of the present invention,
They are not to limit the scope of the invention, in the ken that the technical field those of ordinary skill possesses
Interior, the various change that makes on the premise of without departing from present inventive concept belongs to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the device of fresh water organic matter is extracted using two-stage resin, including raw water feed unit, pretreatment unit, reverse osmosis concentration
Unit, acid-base value adjustment unit, finished fluid extraction unit, water tank and general control system；Characterized in that,
The finished fluid extraction unit includes primary adsorption enriching apparatus, secondary absorption enriching apparatus, elution device and dosing dress
Put, the outlet respectively with water tank of the entrance of the primary adsorption enriching apparatus, the outlet of elution device, the outlet of chemicals dosing plant are even
Connect；The entrance of the secondary absorption enriching apparatus and the outlet of elution device, the outlet of chemicals dosing plant, primary adsorption enriching apparatus
Outlet connection；
The bottom of the primary adsorption enriching apparatus and secondary absorption enriching apparatus is equipped with waste cock；
The primary adsorption enriching apparatus include adsorption column and filler, and described filler is in the adsorption column, and described filler is
One or more in XAD-8 resin, DAX-8 resin and XAD-7 resin；The secondary absorption enriching apparatus include adsorption column and
Filler, described filler is in the adsorption column, and described filler is XAD-4 resin；
The water tank adopts acid resisting material, and which is provided with closure above, and lower end is funnel shaped, to be provided with agitator, liquid level in which
Sensor and pH sensor；The end face of the closure is provided with least 5 through holes；The water tank and primary adsorption enrichment dress
Pipeline between putting gos deep in water tank, and pipeline top is that sealing structure, duct wall is provided with the hole that multiple apertures are 50 μm, and hole is most
Low clearance controls at the 1/100-1/10 of tank height, and the tank pipe that stretches into is externally provided with filter mantle, the filter mantle
Aperture is 100 μm.
2. employing two-stage resin as claimed in claim 1 extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, it is characterised in that the raw water is supplied
Include self priming pump to unit, the front end of the self priming pump is provided with filter bag；The pretreatment unit includes one-level precision microfiltration mistake
Filter and two grades of accurate microfiltration filters, in one-level precision microfiltration filter, the aperture of precision Filter element is 1 μm, two grades of accurate microfiltration
In filter, the aperture of precision Filter element is 0.45 μm；The entrance of the one-level precision microfiltration filter is with the outlet of self priming pump even
Connect, the outlet of one-level precision microfiltration filter is connected with the entrance of two grades of accurate micro-filters, the going out of two grades of precision micro-filters
Mouth is connected with water tank.
3. employing two-stage resin as claimed in claim 1 extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, it is characterised in that described reverse osmosis concentrated
Contracting unit includes reverse osmosis units, high-pressure pump, the first conductivity probe and the second conductivity probe；Wherein reverse osmosis units include
Reverse osmosis membrane and rustless steel putamina, the aperture value of the reverse osmosis membrane is 0.1nm；
First conductivity probe is located at the reverse osmosis units concentrated water exit, and the second conductivity probe is located at reverse osmosiss list
Between the pure water outlet of unit and elution device.
4. employing two-stage resin as claimed in claim 3 extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, it is characterised in that the reverse osmosiss list
Unit is provided with liquid-inlet, concentrated water outlet and pure water outlet；The liquid-inlet is connected with water tank by high-pressure pump, and the concentrated water goes out
Mouth is connected with water tank, and the pure water outlet is connected with the entrance of elution device；The reverse osmosis units concentrated water and pure water outlet are equal
It is provided with security valve；The elution device upper end is provided with discharge outlet.
5. employing two-stage resin as claimed in claim 1 extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, it is characterised in that the acid-base value
Adjustment unit includes pH sensor, agitator, metering dosing pump, the first acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution chemical tank；Described
PH sensor is in water tank, and the first acid solution chemical tank and the second acid solution chemical tank are arranged in juxtaposition；The metering dosing pump
Between the first acid solution chemical tank, the second acid solution chemical tank and water tank, measure dosing pump entrance respectively with the first acid solution medicine
The outlet of agent case, the outlet of the second acid solution chemical tank connection, the outlet for measuring dosing pump is connected with water tank.
6. employing two-stage resin as claimed in claim 1 extracts the device of fresh water organic matter, it is characterised in that the master control system
System includes control unit and touch screen device, and the controllable unit is connected with touch screen device, the controllable unit and self priming pump, liquid level
Sensor, pH sensor, metering dosing pump and high-pressure pump connection；The pH sensor is provided with lifting platform.
7. the device for extracting fresh water organic matter using the arbitrary described employing two-stage resin of claim 1-6 extracts fresh water organic matter
Method, it is characterised in which comprises the steps：
(1) start the main power start button of general control system；
(2) start self priming pump start button, self priming pump draws raw water by pipeline, and the filter bag of self priming pump front end is carried out to raw water
Preliminary filtration, the one-level precision microfiltration filter that the raw water after filtration is entered in pretreatment unit by the supercharging of self priming pump is to original
Water is once filtered, and the raw water after once filtering enters two grades of accurate microfiltration filters and carries out secondary filter；After filtration
Raw water enters water tank by pipeline；When the water level in water tank reaches 4/5 water tank volume, self priming pump quits work；
(3) raw water in water tank enters into reverse osmosis concentration unit through high-pressure pump supercharging by pipeline, and reverse osmosis membrane can retain original
Solvable inorganic salt and natural organic matter in water, obtains pure water and concentrated water；Drip washing is directly discharged to through the pure water of reverse osmosis membrane
Device is stored, and unnecessary pure water is recycled into water tank by the discharge of elution device upper end discharge outlet, concentrated water, when in water tank
The dissolved organic carbon content that determines of dissolved organic carbon on-line determination device when reaching preset value, stop concentrating；
(4) start acid-base value adjustment unit, metering dosing pump receives pH sensor signal and starts acid solution addition program, by first
Passage extracts acid solution from the first acid solution chemical tank and injects non-oxidizable acid solution to water tank by the first acid-resistant pipeline, while water tank
Middle stirring motor starts so that acid solution and concentrated water uniformly mix, and until reaching default pH value, metering dosing pump first passage adds
Acid solution program stopped works, and pH sensor lifting platform rises pH sensor probe；
Metering dosing pump extracts Fluohydric acid. by second channel from the second acid solution chemical tank, by the second acid-resistant pipeline to water tank
Middle injection Fluohydric acid., until reaching default hydrofluoric acid concentration, metering dosing pump and water tank stirring motor quit work；
(5) complete pH value to adjust and Fluohydric acid. addition, and stand the concentrated water after 24h to flow through primary adsorption enrichment successively by pipeline
Device and secondary absorption enriching apparatus, complete absorption；After the completion of absorption, close between primary adsorption device and secondary absorption device
Valve, open the valve between elution device and primary adsorption enriching apparatus, and open primary adsorption enriching apparatus bottom
Liquid waste cock, the pure water in elution device passes through pipe flushing primary adsorption enriching apparatus, and flushing liquor passes through waste cock
Discharge, the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus is completed, the liquid waste cock of primary adsorption enriching apparatus bottom is closed, close and drench
Valve between cleaning device and primary adsorption enriching apparatus；
After completing the flushing of primary adsorption enriching apparatus, the valve between chemicals dosing plant and primary adsorption enriching apparatus is opened, plus
Medicine device injects nonpolar volatile organic solvent by resistance to organic pipeline in primary adsorption enriching apparatus, by resin absorption
There is desorbing in natural organic matter in the presence of nonpolar volatile organic solvent, collect effluent and be labeled as primary adsorption enrichment
Device eluent；
(6) after completing primary adsorption enriching apparatus drip washing；The valve that closes between chemicals dosing plant and primary adsorption enriching apparatus；Beat
Open the valve between elution device and secondary absorption enriching apparatus, and open the liquid of secondary absorption enriching apparatus bottom and discharge and open
Close, the pure water in elution device passes through pipe flushing secondary absorption enriching apparatus, and flushing liquor is discharged by waste cock, completes two
The flushing of level adsorption and enrichment device, closes the waste cock of secondary absorption enriching apparatus bottom, closes elution device and two grades of suctions
Valve between attached enriching apparatus；After completing the flushing of secondary absorption enriching apparatus, chemicals dosing plant and secondary absorption enrichment is opened
Valve between device, it is organic that chemicals dosing plant injects nonpolar volatility by resistance to organic pipeline in secondary absorption enriching apparatus
, there is desorbing by the natural organic matter of resin absorption in solvent in the presence of nonpolar volatile organic solvent, collect effluent
It is labeled as secondary absorption enriching apparatus eluent；
Merge primary adsorption enriching apparatus eluent and secondary absorption enriching apparatus eluent, after rotary evaporation, nitrogen blows or natural
Volatilization obtains fresh water organic matter pressed powder.
8. fresh water organic matter extracting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the discharge line of reverse osmosis units pure water
Be provided with flow speed control valve, the discharge line of the reverse osmosis units concentrated water is provided with flow speed control valve, the pure water amount that reverse osmosis membrane is discharged with
The ratio of the concentrated water amount of discharge is 1:9-9:1.
9. fresh water organic matter extracting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that first acid-resistant pipeline requires to hold
Non-oxidizing acid by 10mol/L；Second acid-resistant pipeline requires to bear the Fluohydric acid. of 6mol/L；The water tank requires energy
Bear 1mol/L strong acid and 0.5mol/L Fluohydric acid.；Nonpolar volatility in the chemicals dosing plant and resistance to organic pipeline is organic molten
Agent is methanol, ethanol or its mixture, and the preset value of the water tank pH is 0.5-3.
10. fresh water organic matter extracting method as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that the front end of high-pressure pump is provided with pressure gauge
With security valve, in raw water concentration process, when before the high-pressure pump, pressure is more than preset value, the security valve is opened, it is to avoid high pressure
Pump is damaged and pipeline burst phenomenon.
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