CN1064301C - Granular material injection forming machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention provides an injection molding machine for nodular high polymer composite material. The machine adopts a toggle connecting rod locking mold device to be vertically arranged on a machine frame, and the toggle connecting rod locking mold device and an injection device horizontally arranged on the machine frame are arranged in an angle mode. A self-booster type injection screw and a center height regulating mechanism of an injection nozzle are adopted. A piston with a sealing ring and exhaust holes is used as a feeding device for the nodular material. The present invention has a wide application range and comprises the molding of inserted products, and glass fibers can not be damaged in a forming process. The injection molding machine has the advantages of labor saving, energy saving, superior product quality, accurate timing and quantity, convenient cleaning, compact structure, small occupation area and low manufacture cost.

Description

Granular material injection forming machine

The present invention relates to the manufacture field of the high polymer composite of bulk form, refer to it is a kind of granular material injection forming machine particularly.

Because various bulk high polymer composite materials generally all are thermosetting or the thermoplastics that contains high filler (mainly being glass etc.), therefore just have how the material of this hard putty bulk not only can be got rid of gas that wherein contains and the problem that can feed in raw material at regular time and quantity; Be uniformly dispersed and don't stagnant, damage and failure in runner carrying, how to guarantee in the injection process that component fillers such as (particularly) glasses is mixed; For the thermosetting material, more can not be before entering mould locate the phenomenon that occurs solidifying in advance at machine barrel, nozzle etc.; Also will reach the injection volume accurate measurement simultaneously, the barrel nozzle cleaning is convenient, should be able to accurately regulate control etc. to each process condition and parameter.So the injection moulding difficulty of bulk high polymer composite material is much bigger than the general polymerization thing.

At present, granular material injection forming machine can be divided into horizontal by the arrangement mode between clamping apparatus and the injection device and angie type arrangement two big classes.With a NP type and a horizontal granular material injection forming machine that the mechanism work is produced that JSW produces, this arrangement is unsuitable for moulding and has the particularly various plastic packaging product moldings of inserts, and floor space is big.And the granular material injection forming machine of RJ, SL that Japan produces, the arrangement of DL type angie type, though solved the moulding problem that has inserts and plastic packaging goods, this machine adopts all-hydraulic clamping apparatus, can not obtain the effect of lowering energy-saving.With regard to injection device, when injecting, the existing good mixing dispersion effect of material can not produce problems such as material seriously backflows in order to solve again, and the PS type machine of Japan has adopted the plunger bushing screw rod, screw mixes convey materials, the structure of plunger injection; And many types have also adopted the reverse-resistance type screw head, as the bulk material injector of Sweden's production.Though having solved, these mix the problem that dispersion effect and anti-material backflow, complex structure, and runner has the dead angle, to thermosetting with to contain the material forming of high filler (mainly being glass) very unfavorable, and causes installations, mounting or dismounting and cleans difficult.

Bulk material feeding device also is the equipment of a key.It should add machine barrel with the material of bulk putty matter exactly, and can roll into a ball the gas of carrying secretly in the material by venting again, can seal again the harmful volatile matter of environmental protection for containing, and install and remove and clean conveniently, and this class feeding device (is JP1-218812, B29C31/04 as the patent No.) complex structure, huge of Japan, exhaust apparatus is not set, cleans inconvenient yet.

The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art part; adopt the crank connecting rod clamping mechanism and make it become angie type to arrange with injection device; adopt anti-ly backflow, the conveying from supercharging, injection screw, adopt regularly, quantitatively accurately and exhaust, sealing are arranged, clean feeding device easily.For the polymer composites that is difficult to carry out injection molding bulk form provide a kind of simple in structure, the device fabrication cost is low, wide adaptability and the superior granular material injection forming machine of quality of item.

The objective of the invention is to reach by following measure:

(1) above the charging aperture of injection device, is vertically installed with piston type bulk material feeding device, its concrete structure and annexation thereof are as follows: an end of piston rod 38 is the pistons 58 that match with power cylinder 9, the other end is the piston 45 that matches with casing drum 10, and piston 45 is by universal joint 54, fixedly briquetting 53 links with piston rod 38; Power cylinder 9 is fixedlyed connected with leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate 40, and casing drum 10 is fixedlyed connected with leg-of-mutton bottom plate 47; The piston 45 that matches with casing drum 10 is provided with a sealing ring 46 and venting plug 52; Two guide rods 37,57 that are fixed on the piston 45 insert respectively in the guide pin bushing of offering on the leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate 40 41,55, wherein a guide rod 37 or 57 two ends are separately installed with the collision block 44,59 that is used to limit piston stroke, and another guide rod 37 or 57 upper end are equipped with reinforced quantitative indicating gage 60; Lower end on power cylinder 9 outer walls and the leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate 40 is equipped with 40,47 and three pull bars 42,43,61 of triangle upper mounted plate, bottom plate that the limit switch 39,56 that matches with collision block 44,59 is used to support power cylinder 9 and casing drum 10 and is interfixed, wherein be set with two supporting connecting rings 51,50 up and down on the pull bar, lower support connecting ring 49 cooperates with fixed cover 49 inclined-planes on being fixed on a pull bar 43, and supporting connecting ring 51,50 is fixedlyed connected with casing drum 10;

(2) injection device comprises the auto-pressurizing injection screw, its concrete structure and feature thereof are as follows: it is made up of screw rod 30, screw metering section 31, barrel 8, supercharging seal section 32, screw head 33 and nozzle 19, set up the supercharging seal section 32 of an isometrical or reducing between screw rod 30 and the screw head 33, when 31 footpaths of supercharging seal section 32 diameters and screw metering section equate, supercharging seal section 32 is fixed with screw head 33 and is threaded with screw rod 30, nozzle 19 also is threaded with barrel 8, is provided with truncated cone-shaped chamfering 34 with nozzle 19 inwalls of barrel 8 connections; When supercharging seal section 32 diameters during less than the root of screw metering section 31 footpath, supercharging seal section 32 is provided with an end of the screw rod 30 that is threaded and makes runner be fairshaped round platform 36, sets up a transition circular cone 35 between round platform 36 and supercharging seal section 32.

The present invention compared with prior art has following advantage:

1, this injector is applicable to the injection moulding of bulk composites such as thermosetting, thermoplasticity, elastomer, rubber, and is of many uses.

2, this board adopts clamping apparatus to become angie type to arrange with injection device, can adapt to the moulding of (comprising the goods that have inserts) of different goods, and compact conformation, and floor space is little, has enlarged the adaptability of using.

3, this board adopts vertically arranged crank connecting rod clamping apparatus, can reach laborsaving, purpose of energy saving.

4, this board has adopted the injection screw that has from the anti-function of backflowing of supercharging, and its nozzle arrangements reaches the material that do not stagnate, and does not damage glass, and is energy-conservation, and injection is accurate, purpose easy to manufacture.

5, this board adopted simple in structure, clean convenient, be easy to feed in raw material, can exhaust can seal again, reinforced piston type bulk material feeding device accurately, make equipment cost reduce and reach the purpose of protection environment.

6, this board has adopted the high governor motion of nozzle center simple in structure, easy to adjust, has enlarged the adaptability of board and manufacturing cost is reduced.

Fig. 1 is the granular material injection forming machine structural representation; Fig. 2 be the A of granular material injection forming machine structural representation (Fig. 1) to view, be injection nozzle centre-height governor motion structural representation;

Fig. 3 be the B of granular material injection forming machine structural representation (Fig. 1) to view, shed the injection device structural representation behind the feeding device;

Fig. 4 prevents backflowing the injection screw structural representation for granular material injection forming machine from supercharging, and wherein Fig. 4 a is for waiting supercharging injection screw without leave, and Fig. 4 b is that reducing is from the supercharging injection screw;

Fig. 5 is the piston type feeding device structural representation of granular material injection forming machine.

The present invention is described in further detail by following embodiment and accompanying drawing thereof: shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, Fig. 3 (B of the A of Fig. 1 after view and Fig. 1 shed feeding device is to view), the crank connecting rod clamping apparatus mainly is made up of with oil cylinder 2, the crank connecting rod mechanism 3 that links to each other with oil cylinder 2 piston rods, the collapsible form 4 that patrix is installed and clamping mechanism lower shoe 5 (being workbench) that counterdie is installed clamping mechanism top board 1, the locked mode that is installed on top board 1 top.Injection device mainly is to be connected with frame 17 by hinge 6 by an end, and the injection device that the other end is connected with reinforced seat board 12 by hinge 11 moves oil cylinder 7, forms from supercharging injection screw 25, injection cylinder 24 and bearing plate 26, thrust bearing 27, power transmission shaft 28 and oil motor 29.The crank connecting rod clamping apparatus that vertically is installed on the frame 17 becomes angie type to arrange with the injection device that level is installed on the frame 17.Injection device cooperates with injection device mobile guide post 13 by reinforced seat board 12 and bearing plate 26; Mobile guide post 13 is connected with adjusting supporting base 23; Regulating supporting base 23 is connected with frame 17.

From the concrete structure of supercharging screw rod 25 as shown in Figure 4, it can be divided into two kinds, and Fig. 4 a is for waiting structural representation of supercharging injection screw without leave, and Fig. 4 b is the structural representation of reducing from the supercharging injection screw.Shown in Fig. 4 a, as supercharging seal section diameter D ₂With screw metering section root footpath D ₁When equating, be referred to as isometrical auto-pressurizing injection screw, it is made up of screw rod 30, screw metering section 31, barrel 8, supercharging seal section 32, nozzle 19 and screw head 33.Supercharging seal section 32 is made an overall structure with screw head 33, is threaded with screw rod 30.Nozzle 19 also is threaded with barrel 8, is provided with truncated cone-shaped chamfering 34 with the inwall of the nozzle 19 of barrel 8 connections.D is a screw diameter among Fig. 4 a, and the internal diameter of supercharging seal section diameter and nozzle 19 is all D ₂, and for movingly.After-stage at injection process, screw head 33 progresses into nozzle 19, when entering nozzle 19 inner chambers from supercharging seal section 32, because the inwall of nozzle 19 is provided with truncated cone-shaped chamfering 34, can allow screw head 33 and supercharging seal section 32 all enter nozzle 19, so energy shutoff screw head 33 front end melts flow backwards backward because of the pressure effect or the passage of leakage current, have played the effect of non-return leakproof.This moment injection pressure P and former injection pressure P ₀Relation can represent with following formula:

Because $\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{4}{\mathrm{<figure-callout\; id="2"\; label="D"\; filenames="C9710880400091.png"\; state="\{\{state\}\}">D</figure-callout>}}_2^{2}P=\frac{\mathrm{\&pi;}}{4}{D}^2{P}_0$

＝KP ₀

Wherein $K={\left(\frac{D}{D_2}\right)}^2>1$

By the visible injection pressure P of following formula than former injection pressure P ₀Increased K doubly, played effect from supercharging.As supercharging seal section diameter D ₂Less than screw metering section root footpath D ₁The time, being referred to as reducing auto-pressurizing injection screw, supercharging seal section 32 is provided with an end of the screw rod 30 that is threaded and makes runner be fairshaped round platform 36, shown in Fig. 4 b, sets up a transition circular cone 35 between round platform 36 and supercharging seal section 32.Work as D ₂More little, the K value is big more, and is big more from pressurized effect, can realize just that under the situation that does not change hydraulic pressure secondary injection (is that the one-level injection pressure is P ₀, secondary injection pressure is P), energy-saving effect is big.Can change different supercharging seal section diameter D according to the requirement of supercharging size ₂Screw head.Also can select isometrical or reducing auto-pressurizing injection screw according to injection pressure and the dwell pressure needs in the injection fabrication process condition.

The charging aperture top of injection device is vertically installed with piston type bulk material feeding device, its structure as shown in Figure 5, one end of piston rod 38 is the pistons 58 that match with power cylinder 9, the other end is the piston 45 that matches with casing drum 10, piston 45 is by universal joint 54, and fixedly briquetting 53 links with piston rod 38.Power cylinder 9 is fixedlyed connected with triangle upper mounted plate 40, and casing drum 10 is fixedlyed connected with triangle bottom plate 47, and the piston 45 that matches with casing drum 10 is provided with a sealing ring 46 and two venting plugs 52; Two guide rods 37,57 that are fixed on the piston 45 insert respectively in the guide pin bushing of offering on the triangle upper mounted plate 40 41,55, wherein a guide rod 37 or 57 two ends are separately installed with the collision block 44,59 that is used to limit piston stroke, and another guide rod 37 or 57 upper end are equipped with reinforced quantitative indicating gage 60; The limit switch 39,56 that matches with collision block 44,59 is equipped with in lower end on power cylinder 9 outer walls and the triangle upper mounted plate 40; Triangle upper mounted plate 40, triangle bottom plate 47 and three pull bars 42,43,61 of being used to support power cylinder 9 and casing drum 10 interfix, wherein be set with two supporting connecting rings 51,50 up and down on the pull bar 43, lower support connecting ring 49 contacts with 49 one-tenth inclined-planes of fixed cover on being fixed on pull bar 43, upper and lower supporting connecting ring 51,50 is fixedlyed connected with casing drum 10, when cleaning casing drum 10, barrel 10 is rotated around pull bar, and utilizing inclined-plane between fixed cover 49 and the lower support connecting ring 50, relative motion makes casing drum 10 to rising.48 discharging openings that join for the injection device feeding mouth.Be fixed on two guide rods 37,57 on the piston 45, limit in the guide pin bushing 41,55 on upper mounted plate 40 and slide, keep piston 45 liftings stable, centering.When limit switch 56 contacted with collision block 44, the top piston 45 that piston 58 reaches power cylinder 9 had then left casing drum 10, at this moment can implement reinforced.When limit switch 39 contacted with collision block 59, feeding device stopped to feed in raw material.Because power cylinder 9, piston 54 and 58, piston rod 38 and guide rod 37,57, limit switch 39,56 and collision block 44,59 co-ordinations make the material in the casing drum 10, and the outlet by casing drum under the pressure effect that hydraulic pressure or air pressure produce regularly, be added in the make-up machine quantitatively.The support ring 50 that is sleeved on a pull bar 43 is that a slip that makes progress connects the inclined-plane with contacting of the fixed cover 49 that is fixed on this pull bar, by this inclined-plane work, can promote one section height to casing drum, make casing drum 10 can revolve an angle, so that cleaning casing drum and feeding mouth.Piston 45 is provided with venting plug 52 and sealing ring 46.

Be positioned at injection device below be make nozzle 19 centre-heights can with the corresponding injection nozzle center adjustment of various mould sprue centre-heights mechanism,, promptly on adjusting bearing support 23, be equipped with 4 and regulate double-screw bolts 21 and fastening stud 22 to the structure shown in the schematic diagram as Figure 1A.

Being installed in workbench and being below the clamping mechanism lower shoe 5 is ejecting mechanism 20, and motor 16 is connected with oil pump L8, and is installed on 17 of the frames.

During the work of bulk material injector, the piston rod that is installed in the Mode-locking oil cylinder 2 on the clamping mechanism top board 1 promotes toggle connecting rod 3, and makes collapsible form 4 carry out the matched moulds motion downwards by it.When making the patrix that is installed on the collapsible form 4 and to be installed on the clamping mechanism lower shoe (workbench) 5 second closed fully and when locking, injection device moves oil cylinder 7 right chambeies and advances pressure oil, under the effect of piston rod injection device is moved forward.When injection nozzle 19 touches with the sprue close proximity of mould, pressure oil is advanced in injection cylinder 24 right chambeies, the injection cylinder piston forward is moved, and will push ahead from supercharging injection screw 25 by drive (pulling) bearing plate 26, thrust bearing 27, power transmission shaft 28.The screw rod 25 of pushing ahead will be stored in the material of machine barrel 8 front ends and annotate in the progressive die chamber through nozzle 19.Along with constantly being full of of die cavity, the injection resistance increases, when die cavity soon is full of, and resistance maximum at this moment.At this moment, the seal section of screw rod 25 heads just in time enters the nozzle 19 that can be complementary from supercharging, plays effects such as supercharging injection, pressurize.

After be heating and curing (or the cooling) of pressurize, feeding and the mould of certain hour to goods, Mode-locking oil cylinder 2 oil-feeds, mould is opened in action opposite during with above-mentioned matched moulds, and the ejecting mechanism that at this moment is installed in working plate 5 bottoms promptly ejects oil cylinder 20 goods is ejected.

Reinforced the finishing like this of injection material next time: after the pressurize and feeding of certain hour, when the mould sprue solidifies, illustrate when finishing above-mentioned task, under the situation that nozzle 19 still touches with the sprue close proximity, oil motor 29 begins to rotate, and drives 25 rotations of auto-pressurizing injection screw by power transmission shaft 28.Meanwhile, the reinforced plunger of 9 promotions of the oil cylinder on the bulk feeding device moves downward the bulk material that leaves in advance in the material storage tube 10 is pressed to the charging aperture of screw cylinder 8 and entered screw cylinder 8.The bulk material is fed forward under the turning effort of auto-pressurizing injection screw 25, and mixes.Be transported to responsive to axial force that the material of screw cylinder front end produces on auto-pressurizing injection screw 25, promote auto-pressurizing injection screw 25 motion backward.The auto-pressurizing injection screw 25 of motion drives also motion backward of bearing plate 26 by power transmission shaft 28 thrust bearings 27 backward, and the lance 14 that is installed in this moment on the bearing plate 26 is pressed to metering travel switch 15.When travel switch 15 is depressed fully, oil motor 29 and add material oil cylinder 9 and also fully all stop action, at this moment, auto-pressurizing injection screw 25 stops feeding, and reinforced plunger also stops feeding.At this moment, (whether injection device will retreat nozzle 19, can decide by process condition.The material of carrying and mixing is waited for after clamping apparatus is finished mould assembling action and being injected.The backway of screw rod 25 (be per injection material amount what) is controlled by metering travel switch 15.Can be according to the position of how much adjusting travel switch 15 of annotating shot size.

When carrying out granular material injection forming, usually can run into the mould (that is sprue centre-height difference of mould) of differing heights.For nozzle 19 can be connected closely with sprue, that can have no to leak injects, and the centre-height of nozzle 19 also should be able to be regulated according to mould sprue centre-height.When regulating the centre-height of nozzle 19, also be the height of regulating bearing support 23 and just can achieve the goal.During adjusting, the disengaging frame 17 of earlier fastening bolt 22 being unscrewed or back-outed turns then and regulates bolt 21.Is to use thread connection because of regulating bolt 21 with bearing support 23, and when therefore turning four adjusting bolts 21 simultaneously, bearing support 23 just can move up and down, and reaches the purpose of regulating bearing support 23 height that is reaching adjusting nozzle 19 centre-heights.After having regulated height, fastening bolt 22 is screwed in the frame 17, bearing support 23 is fixed up.When regulating the injection device height, because moving the two ends of oil cylinder 7, injection device connects with hinge 6,11, therefore can not produce the phenomenon of interference.

Claims (1)

1, formed by feeding device, injection device, clamping apparatus and goods liftout attachment and hydraulic pressure electrical control gear and frame, the crank connecting rod clamping apparatus that vertically is installed on the frame is installed on the granular material injection forming machine that the injection device on the frame becomes angie type to arrange with level, it is characterized in that:

(1) above the charging aperture of injection device, is vertically installed with piston type bulk material feeding device, its concrete structure and annexation thereof are as follows: an end of piston rod (38) is the piston (58) that matches with power cylinder (9), the other end is the piston (45) that matches with casing drum (10), and piston (45) is by universal joint (54), fixedly briquetting (53) and piston rod (38) link; Power cylinder (9) is fixedlyed connected with leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate (40), and casing drum (10) is fixedlyed connected with leg-of-mutton bottom plate (47); The piston (45) that matches with casing drum (10) is provided with a sealing ring (46) and venting plug (52); Being fixed on two guide rods (37), (57) on the piston (45) inserts respectively in the guide pin bushing (41) offered on the leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate (40), (55), wherein the two ends of a guide rod (37) or (57) are separately installed with collision block (44), (59) that are used to limit piston stroke, and the upper end of another guide rod (37) or (57) is equipped with reinforced quantitative indicating gage (60); Limit switch (39), (56) that match with collision block (44), (59) are equipped with in lower end on power cylinder (9) outer wall and the leg-of-mutton upper mounted plate (40); The triangle upper mounted plate, bottom plate (40), (47) and three pull bars (42), (43), (61) that are used to support power cylinder (9) and casing drum (10) interfix, two are supported connecting ring (51), (50) about wherein being set with on the pull bar, lower support connecting ring (49) cooperates with fixed cover (49) inclined-plane on being fixed on a pull bar (43), fixedlys connected with casing drum (10) in supporting connecting ring (51), (50);

(2) injection device comprises the auto-pressurizing injection screw, its concrete structure and feature thereof are as follows: it is by screw rod (30), screw metering section (31), barrel (8), supercharging seal section (32), screw head (33) and nozzle (19) are formed, set up the supercharging seal section (32) of an isometrical or reducing between screw rod (30) and the screw head (33), when supercharging seal section (32) diameter directly equates with screw metering section (31) root, supercharging seal section (32) is fixed with screw head (33) and is threaded with screw rod (30), nozzle (19) also is threaded with barrel (8), is provided with truncated cone-shaped chamfering (34) with nozzle (19) inwall of barrel (8) connection; When supercharging seal section (32) diameter during less than the root of screw metering section (31) footpath, supercharging seal section (32) is provided with an end of the screw rod that is threaded (30) and makes runner be fairshaped round platform (36), sets up a transition circular cone (35) between round platform (36) and supercharging seal section (32).

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