CN106420118B - 防旋转型中置器及包含该中置器的髋关节假体 - Google Patents
防旋转型中置器及包含该中置器的髋关节假体 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种防旋转型中置器及包含该中置器的髋关节假体,该防旋转型中置器包括本体,该本体整体呈圆柱形,上部外径一致,下部外径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体内设有与外部连通的连接孔,该连接孔呈圆锥形,内径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体外周设有三个或者三个以上斜向向上延伸的悬翼,该悬翼与该本体轴向呈30度夹角;各悬翼具有弹性,最外端所在的圆周的直径能在12~20mm之间变化。本发明简便易用,能有效降低柄体在髓腔旋转风险,可以提高骨水泥型髋关节手术质量,延长假体的使用寿命。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种植入假体,特别是一种防旋转型中置器及包含该中置器的髋关节假体。
背景技术
目前,人工髋关节假体置换手术已经出现相当长的时间。在骨水泥型髋关节置换术中,由于手术操作的不当或是人体股骨髓腔形态的原因,在安装假体时经常会出现柄体歪斜、柄尾不能放正、导致骨水泥层在髓腔内不均匀、缺损和植入后柄体在髓腔旋转的现象。这时就需要在股骨柄假体尾部增加中置器配件来解决这个问题。
常见的中置器大多抗旋转效果不好,这样会使股骨柄植入人体后容易旋转,进而可能会导致手术植入失败进而被迫做翻修手术。这样不仅延长了手术时间,同时也给患者带来了更多的痛苦,增加了手术复杂程度,同时也延缓了术后康复的周期,这是不能容忍的。
综上所述,目前对于安全可靠,结构简单,易于手术植入,能有效降低柄体在髓腔旋转风险的骨水泥型股骨柄假体中置器仍存在很大需求。
发明内容
本发明的目的是提供一种防旋转型中置器,其简便易用,能有效降低柄体在髓腔旋转风险,可以提高骨水泥型髋关节手术质量,延长假体的使用寿命。
本发明的另一目的是提供一种包含上述防旋转型中置器的髋关节假体,其可以提高骨水泥型髋关节手术质量,延长假体的使用寿命。
为实现上述目的,本发明采取以下技术方案:
一种防旋转型中置器,它包括本体,该本体整体呈圆柱形,上部外径一致,下部外径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体内设有与外部连通的连接孔,该连接孔呈圆锥形,内径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体外周设有三个或者三个以上斜向向上延伸的悬翼,该悬翼与该本体轴向呈30度夹角;各悬翼具有弹性,最外端所在的圆周的直径能在12~20mm之间变化。
进一步的,所述悬翼最外端为圆角结构并向内收缩。
进一步的,所述悬翼两侧向内延伸设有缓冲边。
进一步的,所述悬翼外侧中部向内凹设有竖向的防滑槽。
进一步的,所述连接孔内壁的粗糙度为Ra0.05~Ra1.6之间。
进一步的,所述本体和悬翼为一体结构。
进一步的,所述本体和悬翼为PMMA材料注塑而成。
一种髋关节假体,设有用于插入髓腔的骨水泥型股骨柄,还包括上述的防旋转型中置器;该股骨柄底端外形与所述连接孔的形状对应,并插入该连接孔内。
进一步的,所述股骨柄底端与所述连接孔底端之间具有预定间隔。
进一步的,所述连接孔内壁和所述股骨柄底端外周的粗糙度为Ra0.05~Ra1.6之间;所述股骨柄底端呈半球形。
本发明的有益效果是:本发明防旋转型中置器通过和骨水泥型股骨柄假体组合使用,可以在髋关节置换术中,对安装过程中的骨水泥型股骨柄假体起到尾部中置作用和抗旋转的功能;同时也使股骨柄周围保持均匀的骨水泥层厚及加压,避免了产生骨水泥层的错误并可消除骨水泥的缺损,使患者能够更好的恢复人体正常运动机能,增加植入假体在人体中的使用寿命,最大程度的保证手术质量,节约手术时间。
附图说明
图1为本发明防旋转型中置器的立体示意图。
图2为本发明防旋转型中置器的剖面示意图。
图3为本发明防旋转型中置器与股骨柄的装配状态示意图。
图4为本发明防旋转型中置器与股骨柄的装配剖面示意图。
图5为本发明髋关节假体的使用状态示意图。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图和实施例,对本发明的具体实施方式作进一步描述,以下实施例仅用于更加清楚地说明本发明的技术方案,不能以此来限制本发明的保护范围。
如图1-图2所示,本发明提供一种防旋转型中置器1,用于与骨水泥型股骨柄组配使用,在骨水泥型股骨柄与中置器1组配使用时,插入髓腔后对股骨柄起到中置和抗旋转的作用,且有效缓解自由下沉。本发明防旋转型中置器1包括本体11,该本体11整体呈圆柱形,上部外径一致,下部外径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形。该本体11内设有与外部连通的连接孔12,该连接孔12呈圆锥形,内径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形。该本体11外周设有三个或者三个以上斜向向上延伸的悬翼13,该悬翼13与该本体11轴向呈30度夹角,起到抗旋转的作用。各悬翼13具有弹性,最外端所在的圆周的直径能在12~20mm之间压缩变化,以适应不同人体股骨的髓腔内径。该本体11和悬翼13为一体结构,例如该本体11和悬翼13可以为PMMA(聚甲基丙烯酸甲酯)材料注塑而成。
进一步的,该悬翼13最外端为圆角结构并向内收缩,以在向下放置中置器的时候起到减少阻力的作用。另外,为了进一步减少阻力,该悬翼13两侧向内延伸设有缓冲边131。
为了在放置中置器1后,防止其旋转,该悬翼13外侧中部向内凹设有竖向的防滑槽。
如图3-图5所示,本发明还提供一种髋关节假体,设有用于插入髓腔的骨水泥型股骨柄2,还包括上述的防旋转型中置器1。该股骨柄2底端外形与该连接孔12的形状对应,并插入该连接孔12内。
该连接孔12内壁和该股骨柄2底端外周的粗糙度为Ra0.05~Ra1.6之间。该股骨柄2底端与该连接孔12底端之间具有预定间隔。该股骨柄2底端呈半球形。该连接孔12底部与股骨柄2底端预留出的预定间隔可以容许骨水泥型股骨柄2在骨水泥鞘中向远端发生一定位移距离,且位移终点为球面配合,保证中置器1和骨水泥型股骨柄2在有相对运动时中置器1不遭到破坏。
如图5所示,本发明的防旋转型中置器1在装入髓腔时三个悬翼13撑在股骨髓腔内,保证骨水泥型股骨柄2植入髓腔后位置位于股骨髓腔中心,并且三个悬翼13压缩后对髓腔壁产生一定压力起到防旋转的作用。防旋转型中置器1与骨水泥型股骨柄2装配后连接孔12留有间隙允许骨水泥型股骨柄2在骨水泥鞘中向远端发生位移。
综上所述,本发明的优点与效益如下:
1、本发明防旋转型中置器,结构简单,容易制造。
2、本发明防旋转型中置器三个悬翼所在的圆周的直径,可在Φ12~Φ20范围内压缩变化,适用髓腔范围广。
3、本发明防旋转型中置器和骨水泥型股骨柄连接简单,只需要将股骨柄底端插入到中置器的连接孔内插紧即可,安全可靠,不易脱落。
4、本发明防旋转型中置器外形小巧,中置效果好,抗旋转能力强,可以有效缓解自由下沉,允许骨水泥型股骨柄在骨水泥鞘中向远端发生位移,对骨水泥型股骨柄通用性好。
5、本发明防旋转型中置器采用PMMA材料制造,安全可靠,生物相容性好。
以上所述,仅是本发明的最佳实施方式,非对本发明作任何限制,凡是根据本发明技术实质对以上实施所做的任何简单修改、变更以及等效变换,均仍属于本发明技术方案的保护范围内。
Claims (8)
1.一种防旋转型中置器,其特征在于,它包括本体,该本体整体呈圆柱形,上部外径一致,下部外径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体内设有与外部连通的连接孔,该连接孔呈圆锥形,内径逐渐减小,底端呈半球形;该本体外周设有三个或者三个以上斜向向上延伸的悬翼,该悬翼与该本体轴向呈30度夹角;各悬翼具有弹性,最外端所在的圆周的直径能在12~20mm之间变化;所述悬翼最外端为圆角结构并向内收缩;所述悬翼两侧向内延伸设有缓冲边。
2.根据权利要求1所述的防旋转型中置器,其特征在于:所述悬翼外侧中部向内凹设有竖向的防滑槽。
3.根据权利要求1所述的防旋转型中置器,其特征在于:所述连接孔内壁的粗糙度为Ra0.05~Ra1.6之间。
4.根据权利要求1所述的防旋转型中置器,其特征在于:所述本体和悬翼为一体结构。
5.根据权利要求4所述的防旋转型中置器,其特征在于:所述本体和悬翼为PMMA材料注塑而成。
6.一种髋关节假体,设有用于插入髓腔的骨水泥型股骨柄,还包括权利要求1-5中任一项所述的防旋转型中置器;该股骨柄底端外形与所述连接孔的形状对应,并插入该连接孔内。
7.根据权利要求6所述的髋关节假体,其特征在于:所述股骨柄底端与所述连接孔底端之间具有预定间隔。
8.根据权利要求7所述的髋关节假体,其特征在于:所述连接孔内壁和所述股骨柄底端外周的粗糙度为Ra0.05~Ra1.6之间;所述股骨柄底端呈半球形。
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