CN106413188A - High-efficiency multi-path LED driving control method - Google Patents
High-efficiency multi-path LED driving control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106413188A CN106413188A CN201610883953.6A CN201610883953A CN106413188A CN 106413188 A CN106413188 A CN 106413188A CN 201610883953 A CN201610883953 A CN 201610883953A CN 106413188 A CN106413188 A CN 106413188A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
- H05B45/00—Circuit arrangements for operating light-emitting diodes [LED]
- H05B45/20—Controlling the colour of the light
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B20/00—Energy efficient lighting technologies, e.g. halogen lamps or gas discharge lamps
- Y02B20/30—Semiconductor lamps, e.g. solid state lamps [SSL] light emitting diodes [LED] or organic LED [OLED]
Abstract
The invention discloses a scheme for performing independent current or voltage control and independent working state control on multiple paths of LEDs or direct current loads by using a single direct current-direct current power supply converter. The scheme also can replace a conventional scheme that multiple paths of LEDs are driven by multiple direct current-direct current power supply converters under the condition of realizing independent current control of the multiple paths of LEDs so that the number of large-sized components, such as a power electronic switch, an inductor and the like are greatly reduced, and the product cost and the occupied space are reduced; and therefore, the scheme is particularly suitable for automobile illumination and other application occasions, requiring wide input voltage range, compact space, high efficiency, high performance and multi-path intelligent control.
Description
Background introduction
Field that the present invention belongs to
Present patent application is belonging in light emitting diode (LED) drive control field one invention, and specifically one
Plant the high efficiency driving using switching regulator, low cost, the drive control scheme of the LED multi-path of wide-voltage range.
Related field description
LED brings a revolutionary change to lighting field.Efficiency high, small volume, life-span length, pollution-free, with
And the Mechanical Reliability come with solid luminescence characteristic, portability etc. makes it become the optimal of luminescent device in many fields
Select.Light efficiency with LED and the continuous improvement of power level, also correspondingly performance requirement is higher for the application of LED, luminous intensity
Bigger field development, the headlighting of automobile is exactly the field that one of them develops rapidly and grows up.
The lighting headlight of the headlighting of automobile, particularly driving at night needs the illumination system of high intensity, high power density
System.Its technological challenge includes：
A. efficient LED and efficient drive circuit are to keep minimum power consumption.The reduction of power consumption not only saves
About valuable electric energy, also reduces heat produced by power consumption simultaneously.
B. efficient cooling system because LED component luminous efficiency can decline at high temperature, using high efficiency and heat radiation system limited
Tight space in the temperature of device maintain reasonable level also it is critical that.
C. automobile lighting system is all to be powered by on-vehicle battery, and the change in voltage of battery is generally all very big, and the battery with 12V is
Example, its voltage change range generally between 6V to 14V, and due to sending out if as certain reason during automotive service
When the load of motor disconnects suddenly, its output voltage may be crossed and be flushed to very high level, and the safe pincers being configured in automobile
Position circuit is typically only capable to this overshoot voltage to clamp in 40V, so the work input voltage range of automobile lighting system
It is 6V to 40V, for illuminator, particularly drive circuit proposes great challenge to the work input voltage of this wide scope
Property.
D. because the cost of LED illumination System is compared still higher with traditional illumination system, how to reduce system cost for vapour
The popularization of car illuminator is also a very crucial factor.
The LED headlamp of automobile is generally larger to be made up of three lighting part：(Main Beam generally also cries big king light
Lamp), provide illumination for night running；Daytime running lamps (Signature), generally light, both conduct when driving always
A kind of emergency lighting, also serves as a kind of mark of automobile and decorates；Steering indicating light, as the steering instruction of automobile.These three illuminations
Equipment is required for adapting to the wide operating voltage range of 6V to 40V, and can be in multiple different in vehicle traveling process
Work assembled state.On the other hand, the illuminator with the progressive automobile of technology has also introduced more intelligent sexual function, special
If not being that headlight part is distributed LED multi-path according to specific matrix form, when driving just can car turn to or
During climb and fall, the spatial distribution state according to transport condition and luminous matrix is by automatically regulating light to the control of luminous matrix
The direction of bundle reaching optimal illuminating effect, such that it is able to save the illumination servosystem that high-end car headlamp is configured.
Another function of intelligent headlight be during driving at night can according to travel speed automatically adjust the irradiation of dipped beam and distance light away from
From, or the distance shone before adjusting and angle are avoiding and dazzling interference of vehicle of coming etc. opposite to other side.And steering indicating light
Illumination also due to the application of LED and new display mode occurs, for example from batch (-type) flicker be changed into the right from left to rights such as a row LED or
Left scan mode successively of dextrad etc..
The application characteristic of automotive lighting described above and intelligent sexual function etc. carry to the drive system of LED automobile illumination
Go out the requirement of series of challenges.On the one hand due to the input service voltage of wide scope, drive circuit needs employing can rise
Pressure and the circuit framework of energy blood pressure lowering, on the other hand due to needing to control LED multi-path device to combine in various different working conditions
In the case of co-ordination, so obviously the LED drive circuit of automotive lighting needs there is very flexible control characteristic, and another
On the one hand due to the increase of LED way, the way of drive circuit and complexity increase also with corresponding, and cost is naturally also with increasing
Plus, how to design the illuminator one-tenth that the high-performance required for existing application has cost competitiveness again in this case
The key widelyd popularize can be obtained for LED automobile illumination, the LED driving principle disclosed in present patent application is precisely in order to upper
State and under environment, provide a kind of method of novelty to design and to produce the automotive lighting product with high-performance and price competitiveness
Product are promoting the development in this market and industry, and further genralrlization is in other related applications.
The summary of the present invention
In sum, the invention aims to providing the LED multi-path driving side of a kind of high-performance, high efficiency and low cost
Case, and flexible control operation can be realized in the case of wide work input voltage.This programme breaches in the market
Commonly used every paths of LEDs configure the method for designing of single buck switchmode converter, only use a boosting, fall
Pressure or buck-boost converter to realize the independent drive control to LED multi-path in the case of wide input voltage.The program is being protected
Save the larger electronic devices such as substantial amounts of power semiconductor and inductance while holding high efficiency, high performance operation, greatly dropped
The low cost of system, also greatly reduces the space that drive circuit is occupied simultaneously, and increased automobile lighting system can
By property and design flexibility.
A kind of Sofe Switch operational approach to non-isolated supply convertor is additionally provided in principles of this disclosure,
The work efficiency of system can be improved further and reduce noise jamming during switch, be conducive to the communication to surrounding,
Control circuit provides a more favorable working environment.
Brief description
Fig. 1 show traditional LED multi-path automotive lighting drive scheme.
Textual annotation in accompanying drawing：
IREF--- current control reference signal
IFB---LED current feedback signal
PWM---PWM pulsewidth dim signal
VIN--- DC input voitage
QA, QB, QC, QD--- changer electrical switch
R--- current sampling resistor
LED--- light emitting diode
L--- inductance
Fig. 2 describe the present invention using buck (Buck) changer, LED multi-path is carried out current control drive scheme former
Reason circuit and related work wave.
Textual annotation in accompanying drawing：
IREF--- current control reference signal
IFB----LED current feedback signal
PWM---PWM pulsewidth dim signal
CTRL--- current controling signal
VIN--- DC input voitage
QA, QB--- changer electrical switch
Q1, Q2, QK---LED controlling switch
R--- current sampling resistor
LED1, LED2, LEDK--- light emitting diode
L1--- inductance
Fig. 3 describes the drive scheme that boost type of the present invention (Boost) changer carries out current control to LED multi-path
Schematic circuit and related work wave.
Textual annotation in accompanying drawing：
IREF--- current control reference signal
IFB----LED current feedback signal
PWM---PWM pulsewidth dim signal
CTRL--- current controling signal
VIN--- DC input voitage
QC, QD--- changer electrical switch
Q1, Q2, QK---LED controlling switch
R--- current sampling resistor
LED1, LED2, LEDK--- light emitting diode
L1--- inductance
Fig. 4 describes step-down/up type of the present invention (Buck-Boost) changer and carries out current control to LED multi-path
The schematic circuit of driving scheme and related work wave.
Textual annotation in accompanying drawing：
IREF--- current control reference signal
IFB----LED current feedback signal
PWM---PWM pulsewidth dim signal
CTRL--- current controling signal
VIN--- DC input voitage
QA, QB, QC, QD--- changer electrical switch
Q1, Q2, QK---LED controlling switch
R--- current sampling resistor
LED1, LED2, LEDK--- light emitting diode
L1--- inductance
Fig. 5 describe the present invention using one with step-down/up type (Buck-Boost) changer voltage control is carried out to LED multi-path
The schematic circuit of drive scheme of system and related work wave.
Textual annotation in accompanying drawing：
VREF--- voltage controls reference signal
VFB----LED voltage feedback signal
PWM---PWM pulsewidth dim signal
CTRL--- current controling signal
VIN--- DC input voitage
QA, QB, QC, QD--- changer electrical switch
Q1, Q2, QK---LED controlling switch
R--- current sampling resistor
LED1, LED2, LEDK--- light emitting diode
L1--- inductance
The detailed description of invention
Figure one show typical three road automobile headlamp LED illumination drive circuit structures commonly used at present.As figure one
Shown, because input voltage range is 6V to 40V, the running voltage of each paths of LEDs general all more than more than ten volts to 30 between volt,
Just fall within input voltage range, input voltage all may be used below and above the situation of LED operation voltage in the course of the work
Can occur, so three drive circuits all adopt buck (Buck-Boost) circuit structure.Step-up/step-down circuit shown in figure one
Can allow for input with output circuit altogether, and work efficiency is also high than other kinds of step-up/step-down circuit, so to other
The step-up/step-down circuit of type repeats no more here.Simultaneously because headlight, daytime running lamps, and steering indicating light have multiple different work
Combinations of states, in order to ensure that illumination can accurately and reliably work on the combination Xia Ge road of various working conditions, three tunnel illuminations are adopted
Use completely self-contained drive circuit.It is not difficult to find out from figure one, such drive system employs 12 device for power switching, three
Inductance and three filter capacitors.The cost of these devices is all higher, and also ratio is larger for volume, so corresponding system cost also can
Relatively higher, take up room also than larger.
The central principle of invention is to drive LED multi-path lighting circuit using a switch-mode power converter,
And each paths of LEDs can be operating independently in the case of wide input voltage range and the combination of various working condition.In order to by letter
Enter the whole principle of numerous elaboration, first talk about from the operation principle of buck here.Figure two show using a buck circuit
Come the circuit theory to drive LED multi-path to work independently.As shown in Figure 2, LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK is that K road needs independent drive
Dynamic LED strip, each LED strip respectively have an electric capacity C1, C2 ... the CK electric current with smooth LED strip in parallel therewith, each
LED strip respectively have again a diode D1, D2 ... ..DK is in series therewith to prevent energy mutual between each smoothing capacity
Mutually flow, the anode of LED branch road so being formed is connected in parallel, negative terminal is again each and controlling switch Q1,
Q2 ... ..QK is in series to control the guiding path of each string LED current, and the negative terminal of each controlling switch is each and an electric current is examined
Survey element R1, R2 ... .RK is connected to ground after being in series, formed and be capable of the LED operation branch road of independent control；In this described circuit
In each LED strip running voltage be below input voltage minimum, so Power convert is with by master switch QA, auxiliary switch
Realizing, the source electrode of in figure QA is connected formation switching node the Buck conversion circuit that QB and L1 is formed with the drain electrode of QB
The drain electrode of SW, QA is connected with Input voltage terminal, and the source electrode of QB is connected with ground, the first port of inductance L1 and switching node SW phase
Even, the second port of inductance is connected to the anode sys node of each LED branch road and powers to each LED strip.
Each paths of LEDs as shown in Figure 2, LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK has respective individual control loop COTROL
LOOP 1, CONTROL LOOP2 ... controlling its electric current and operation, each control loop is from phase therewith for .CONTROL LOOPK
The current measuring element of the LED branch road answered read current feedback signal IFB1, IFB2 ... ..IFBK, further according to corresponding LED
Current controling signal IREF1, IREF2 ... .IREFK through control loop process produce corresponding control signal CTRL1,
CTRL2、.....CTRLK.These control signals are passed through to be distributed from control distribution logic CONTROL STEERING LOGIC again
Buck converter and controlling switch is controlled to control corresponding LED branch road in the switching manipulation of respective cycle to switch periods
Electric current.
The basic operation waveform of circuit as shown in figure two, each operation cycle of buck converter and the control of each paths of LEDs
System switch simultaneously operating, is grasped according to the control signal of each paths of LEDs control loop under the control controlling distribution logic successively
Make to meet the needs of each paths of LEDs current control.As shown in FIG. in operation cycle CYCLE 1 control signal of buck converter
VG1 makes to control the Q1 conducting of LED1 current path, and controlling switch Q2-QK of other each paths of LEDs is all in cut-off state, blood pressure lowering
Current direction LED1 and corresponding smoothing capacity C1 that changer is exported, control distribution logic CONTROL during this period
STEERING LOGIC also correspondingly control signal CTRL1 produced by control loop CONTROL LOOP1 be connected to QA and
QB drive circuit is producing gate electrode drive signals VGA and the VGB of QA and QB.In this operating process when QA turns on, and QB turns off
The electric current IL1 of inductance L1 rises, and electric current flows to LED1 from input VIN by L1；When QA turns off, the electricity of inductance L1 during QB conducting
Stream IL1 carries out afterflow by QB, and electric current continues to flow through LED1 until decaying to zero.In control signal produced by control loop
Control under the electric current that obtains from inductance L1 in this switch periods of LED1 just meet it and maintain institute whole work process
The needs of the average current requiring.In the current waveform of IL1 such as figure two shown in IL1 (1).The next switching manipulation cycle is in IL1
When decaying to zero, VG2 makes Q2 turn on, the current direction LED2 of buck converter, controls distribution logic corresponding simultaneously
Control signal CTRL2 produced by control loop CONTROL LOOP2 deliver to the gate drive circuit of QA and QB to control fall
The operation of buckling parallel operation.The rest may be inferred, controls distribution logic successively each switching manipulation period allocated of buck converter to be given
Each paths of LEDs uses, and to carry out operational control to the switch periods being assigned to by the control loop of each paths of LEDs, thus reaches
Realize the effect that LED multi-path is independently controlled using a buck converter.Need exist for illustrating, in practical operation
There is a Dead Time when QA and QB alteration switch state, namely after a switch-off signal sends, another is opened
The Continuity signal closing sent after dead band time delay, of short duration to avoid two switches to occur in alteration switch state
While the situation that turns on.So that waveform operation principle to be described is clearly understandable, shown in figure two and all accompanying drawings
Waveform in do not show Dead Time.
In inductive current waveform described above, the next operation cycle is the inductance electricity in upper a cycle all the time
When stream decays to zero, such way is easier so that being conveyed to the electricity of corresponding LED strip in each operation cycle
Stream energy is precisely controlled, the current control in each cycle, namely the control of each paths of LEDs electric current be capable of completely only
Vertical, simultaneously because smoothing capacity C1, C2 ... the presence of .CK, the electric current of each paths of LEDs is able to maintain that continuously.Each paths of LEDs electric current
Ripple also can be met by selecting the smoothing capacity of suitable capacity.On the other hand the working condition of each paths of LEDs is upper
State and in method, be also capable of independent control, to meet the requirement of various different working condition combinations.In figure two each
Control signal PWM1, PWM2 that control loop is accepted ... ..PWMK can be placed in work or non-work each paths of LEDs accordingly
Make state.When a certain paths of LEDs is placed in off working state, control distribution logic can be according to the state of corresponding control signal
This paths of LEDs is removed from work sequence, when carrying out operation cycle distribution, in running order LED loop is entered successively
Row distribution.For example when PWM2 is placed in off working state LED2, the operation of LED2 can remove, in LED1 in the sequence of operation
Operation at the end of, the next operation cycle will skip LED2, distribute in running order LED3.So use a fall
Buckling parallel operation can not only realize the control of the electric current independence of each paths of LEDs, and the working condition of each paths of LEDs is also capable of independent control
System.Need exist for illustrating, the operation that each paths of LEDs carries out during current control is corresponding with the switching operating frequency of buck converter
, typically in tens kilo hertzs to hundreds of kilo hertz of scope, and the change of each paths of LEDs working condition is in another one more slowly
Time and frequency range in, its function is the concept of ' ON ' and ' OFF ', so both are in operation principle in the above description
It is independent of each other.
The enforcement of the present invention is in addition to method described above it is also possible to be realized with other methods.Institute in figure two
Current practice waveform IL1 (2) of the inductance L1 showing can be independently controlled to the electric current of each paths of LEDs in realization, You Duige road
While the working condition of LED also realizes independent control, realize the Sofe Switch operation of buck converter, its operation principle is as follows：
As shown in IL1 (2) in figure two, taking first operation cycle as a example, when master switch QA turns off in moment t1B, auxiliary switch
After QB conducting, the electric current of inductance L1 begins to decline until decaying to zero, different with operational approach shown in current waveform IL1 (1)
It is that the QB when IL1 decays to zero of the operational approach shown in current waveform IL1 (2) still maintains conducting state, and QA is still off,
So in the case that QB continues conducting, IL1 is changed due to the presence of the parasitic capacitance energy storage of each paths of LEDs after zero decaying to
Flow direction, begins setting up the negative direction electric current flowing from right to left, and QB is when the negative direction electric current of IL1 is set up close to peak value
Turn off, at this moment IL1 changes flow path because of the shutoff of QB, by the parasitic capacitance charging of QB and the parasitic capacitance discharge of QA
Maintain seriality, the discharge and recharge pressing with QB and QA parasitic capacitance of switching node SW in this course rises, when SW's
QA conducting when voltage rises towards or is equal to input voltage VIN, at this moment because source and drain both end voltage VDS of QA is close or equal to
The switching manipulation of zero, QA achieves Zero-voltage soft switch operation.Such operational approach has remained in that the electric current to each paths of LEDs
With the independent control of the working condition of each paths of LEDs, achieve the Sofe Switch operation of buck converter simultaneously again.As it was previously stated, being
The operation principle making waveform to be described is clearly understandable, does not show Dead Time in waveform shown in the drawings.
In the above described two methods, the switching manipulation of the operation of each paths of LEDs and buck converter is synchronous and inductance L1
Electric current drops to zero in each switch periods.If the inductive current of buck converter is come as a continuous current source
Use, by controlling distribution logic regulation meeting the levels of current required for whole system work, each paths of LEDs is in institute for its current value
Start in working cycle of being assigned to during work just can quickly from inductive current acquisition energy, and and buck converter
Switching manipulation synchronous or nonsynchronous in the case of can realize the control of the electric current to each road and working condition independence.?
Under this operational circumstances, buck converter is controlled the electric current of inductance L1 in system work institute as current source by switching manipulation
The current value needing, rather than IL1 will be made to decay in each switch periods as described by [0012] to [0014] trifle
Zero.The regulation of the working value of inductive current can set according to different rules according to the needs of practical application, one of which
Method is that the instantaneous operating conditions according to each paths of LEDs adjust inductive current the electricity in the LED in running order equal to each road
The summation of flow valuve, each paths of LEDs needing by its corresponding control loop and control according to itself current control in operation
The control of system distribution logic obtains electric current from the IL1 as current source successively.Such operational approach and each operation cycle electricity
The start from scratch method of foundation of inducing current compares, and the response speed of the current control of each paths of LEDs can be than very fast.In He Gelu
Two-way or LED multi-path can be allowed during LED cooperating in principle to simultaneously turn on, but if the running voltage of each paths of LEDs not
Equally, electric current can only flow to the minimum LED strip of running voltage, even if its corresponding control of the LED strip higher to running voltage is opened
Close the electric current that there will not be in the conduction state to flow through, so adopt the control of the in running order LED in each road in real work
The operational approach that system switch sequentially turns in order is relatively good.Such operational approach makes control logic fairly simple in order,
The average current value of buck converter then sets according in running order LED load summation real-time adjustment.Operationally lead
Logical LED strip controls the electric current of LED still through its corresponding control loop using pulse-width regulated, but its operation frequency can
With synchronous with the operation of buck converter it is also possible to and buck converter asynchronous operation.When system is from working condition, namely
At least one paths of LEDs work state, proceed to all of LED all idle state when, due to needing to prevent the electricity of inductance L1
The voltage overshoot that stream does not have path afterflow and causes, the LED loop finally turning off not changing with working state control signal
Change immediately turns off, but continues to keep work, until inductive current IL1 exhausts, thus under the control of current controlled circuit
Efficiently avoid the voltage overshoot phenomenon that the path of IL1 is sudden shut off and causes.Inductive current energy in actual applications
Consume to absorb and generally only need to several milliseconds or shorter time, so visually not resulting in any impact.
The above is equally applicable to one using the method that a buck converter is driven to LED multi-path controlling
Booster converter carries out each independent current control and working state control to LED multi-path.With a booster converter to many
Paths of LEDs is driven the principle controlling as shown in Figure 3.In figure three LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK is that K road needs independent drive
Dynamic LED strip, each LED strip respectively have an electric capacity C1, C2 ... the CK electric current with smooth LED strip in parallel therewith, each
LED strip respectively have again a diode D1, D2 ... ..DK is in series therewith to prevent energy mutual between each smoothing capacity
Mutually flow, the anode of LED branch road so being formed is connected in parallel, negative terminal is again each and controlling switch Q1,
Q2 ... ..QK is in series to control the guiding path of each string LED current, and the negative terminal of each controlling switch is each and an electric current is examined
Survey element R1, R2 ... .RK is connected to ground after being in series, formed and be capable of the LED operation branch road of independent control；In foregoing circuit
The running voltage of each LED strip is higher than all the peak of input voltage, so the Power convert liter being made up of QC, QD and L1
Realizing, the source electrode of in figure QD is connected formation switching node SW pressure type translation circuit with the drain electrode of QC, and the drain electrode of QD is as defeated
Go out to hold to be connected with the anode sys node of each LED branch road and power to each LED strip, the source electrode of QC is connected with ground, inductance L1's
First port is connected to input voltage VIN, and second port is connected with switching node SW.
Each paths of LEDs shown in figure three, LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK has respective individual control loop COTROL
LOOP 1, CONTROL LOOP2 ... controlling its electric current and operation, each control loop is from phase therewith for .CONTROL LOOPK
The current sense resistor of the LED branch road answered read current feedback signal IFB1, IFB2 ... ..IFBK, further according to corresponding LED
Current controling signal IREF1, IREF2 ... .IREFK through control loop process produce corresponding control signal CTRL1,
CTRL2、.....CTRLK.These control signals are passed through to be distributed from control distribution logic CONTROL STEERING LOGIC again
Buck converter and controlling switch is controlled to control corresponding LED branch road in the switching manipulation of respective cycle to switch periods
Electric current.
Drive the work of LED multi-path using buck converter from the figure two described by [0012] trifle is to [0015] trifle
Principle is equally applicable to the situation driving LED multi-path using booster converter described by figure three.Except that in figure two
In circuit, QA is master switch, and QB is synchronous auxiliary switch, and the electric current of inductance L1 rises during QA conducting, during QB conducting under
Fall；And QC is master switch in figure three-circuit, QD is auxiliary switch, and the electric current of inductance L1 rises during QC conducting, and QD turns on
Period declines.Using boost converter circuit principle work wave also as shown in figure three.It is the same with circuit shown in figure two,
Booster converter drive circuit shown in figure three also can use operation principle described by [0014] trifle for [0012] trifle
Realize switch periods and LED operation synchronization, each end cycle in the case of boosting inverter using a booster converter
When inductive current be zero-sum using inductance negative current realize Sofe Switch operation in the case of realize LED multi-path electric current independence
Control, also realize the independent control of the working condition of each paths of LEDs simultaneously.Principle described by [0015th] trifle is equally applicable
Booster converter drive circuit shown in figure three, is used a booster converter that inductive current is made as continuous current source
With, distribute in control and under the control of logic, realize the electric current of LED multi-path and the independent control of working condition, and each paths of LEDs
Current control starts in the case of target current value in inductive current, obtains faster dynamic responding speed.Former because working
Reason is identical and describes in detail in above-mentioned trifle, so being not repeated herein.
In actual applications, particularly in automobile application, often the running voltage of each paths of LEDs illuminator is widely different,
Some running voltages even can occur simultaneously and be less than minimum input voltage, some running voltages are higher than maximum input voltage, and have
A little running voltages are electric using step-down/up type between, between minimum input voltage and maximum input voltage, being accomplished by this case
Driving Multi-path LED load, its schematic circuit is as shown in Figure IV for source converter.In figure four LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK is K
Road needs the independent LED strip driving, each LED strip respectively have an electric capacity C1, C2 ... CK therewith in parallel to smooth LED strip
Electric current, each LED strip respectively have again a diode D1, D2 ... ..DK is in series therewith to prevent energy in each smooth electricity
Mutual flowing between appearance, the anode of LED branch road so being formed is connected in parallel, and negative terminal is again each and a controlling switch
Q1, Q2 ... ..QK is in series to control the guiding path of each string LED current, and the negative terminal of each controlling switch is each and an electric current
Detecting element R1, R2 ... .RK is connected to ground after being in series, formed and be capable of the LED operation branch road of independent control；For sake of convenience
Higher than input voltage, the running voltage of LED2 is less than input voltage to the running voltage supposing LED1 in foregoing circuit, LED3's
Running voltage is less than input voltage, and the running voltage of LEDK is higher than input voltage, due to the change of input voltage in real work
The magnitude relationship changing each paths of LEDs running voltage and input voltage as well as change, can close according to actual voltage by control circuit
It is the voltage transformation pattern that situation to determine during each paths of LEDs work in real time.Power converting circuit is with by QA, QB, QC, QD and L1
The step-down/up type translation circuit being formed realizing, QA and QB composition blood pressure lowering brachium pontis in figure four, QA is master switch, and QB is that auxiliary is opened
Close, the source electrode of QA is connected with the drain electrode of QB and forms switching node SW1, and the drain electrode of QA is connected to Input voltage terminal, and the source electrode of QB connects
To ground terminal；QC and QD composition boosting brachium pontis, QC is master switch, and QD is auxiliary switch, and the source electrode of QD is connected with the drain electrode of QC shape
Become switching node SW2, the drain electrode of QD is connected with the anode sys node of each LED branch road as outfan and supplies to each LED strip
Electricity, the source electrode of QC is connected with ground, and the first port of inductance L1 is connected to switching node SW1, and second port is connected to switching node
SW2.
Each paths of LEDs shown in figure four, LED1, LED2 ... ..LEDK has respective individual control loop COTROL
LOOP 1, CONTROL LOOP2 ... controlling its electric current and operation, each control loop is from phase therewith for .CONTROL LOOPK
The current sense resistor of the LED branch road answered read current feedback signal IFB1, IFB2 ... ..IFBK, further according to corresponding LED
Current controling signal IREF1, IREF2 ... .IREFK through control loop process produce corresponding control signal CTRL1,
CTRL2、.....CTRLK.These control signals are passed through to be distributed from control distribution logic CONTROL STEERING LOGIC again
Buck-boost converter and controlling switch is controlled to control the electricity of respective branch in the switching manipulation of respective cycle to switch periods
Stream.
Circuit in figure four equally forms blood pressure lowering brachium pontis in input by QA and QB, forms boosting in outfan by QC and QD
Brachium pontis, when circuit carries out decompression transformation operation, QC is in cut-off, and QD is in the conduction state, QA and QB carries out decompression transformation behaviour
Make, operating principle is identical with step-down conversion circuit described in figure two；When circuit carries out boosting inverter operation, QA is on, at QB
In cut-off state, QC and QD carries out boosting inverter operation, and operating principle is identical with boost conversion circuit described in figure three.From [0012]
Operation principle using single-stage converter driving LED multi-path described by [0015] trifle for the trifle is equally applicable to figure four and is retouched
The situation driving LED multi-path using buck-boost converter stated.Except that because the circuit described by figure four has simultaneously
There are boosting and decompression transformation function, the running voltage to each paths of LEDs load being driven and the relation of input voltage be not any
Limit.Waveform shown in figure four describes the VLED1 ＞ VIN when input voltage is in certain particular value as an example,
VLED2 ＜ VIN, VLED3 ＜ VIN, a kind of operation waveform in the case of VLEDK ＞ VIN.As shown in figure four, switch periods
CYCLE1 circuit provides driving current to LED1, and because of VLED1 ＞ VIN, circuit does boosting inverter operation, is in whole cycle QA
Conducting, QB is in cut-off state, QC and QD carries out boosted switch operation；In switch periods CYCLE2, LED2 is provided and drive electricity
Stream, because of VLED2 ＜ VIN, circuit does decompression transformation operation, is in whole cycle QD, QC is in cut-off state, QA and QB
Carry out step-down switching operation；There is provided driving current in switch periods CYCLE3 to LED3, because of VLED3 ＜ VIN, circuit and CYCLE2
Equally, do decompression transformation operation；... provide driving current closing cycle CYCLEK circuit to LEDK, because of VLEDK ＞ VIN,
Circuit does boosting inverter operation, is in whole cycle QA, QB is in cut-off state, QC and QD carries out boosted switch behaviour
Make.In whole work process control circuit according to the running voltage of actual LED and the relation situation of input voltage Lai in real time
Ground determines voltage transformation pattern during each paths of LEDs work.
Waveform shown in figure four is that the schematic circuit of in figure uses dropping described by [0012], [0013] and [0014] trifle
The operating principle in the case of boosting inverter in the case that buckling is changed and described by [0018] trifle, the switch of changer
Cycle and LED operation are synchronous, and inductive current during each end cycle is zero or realizes Sofe Switch operation using inductance negative current,
Realize the independent control of the electric current to LED multi-path using a buck-boost converter, also realize the work shape of each paths of LEDs simultaneously
The situation of the independent control of state.[0015] inductive current is used as continuous current source, by blood pressure lowering described in trifle
Operation, and inductive current is used as continuous current source described in [0018] trifle, by boost operations, realize to many
The operation principle that paths of LEDs is independently controlled is applied equally to the buck drive circuit shown in figure four, is lifted using one
Buckling parallel operation, uses inductive current as continuous current source, according to voltage relationship situation during real work come true in real time
Voltage transformation pattern during fixed each paths of LEDs work, realizes electric current and the work shape of LED multi-path under the control controlling distribution logic
The independent control of state, and the current control of each paths of LEDs starts in the case of target current value in inductive current, obtains more
Fast dynamic responding speed.
Buck drive circuit shown in figure four also has a unique advantage.As described in [0015th] trifle,
Be used buck converter using inductive current as continuous current source use when, when system is from working condition, namely at least one tunnel
The state of LED operation, proceed to all of LED all idle state when, due to needing to prevent the electric current of inductance L1 from there is no path
Afterflow and the voltage overshoot that causes, the change with working state control signal does not immediately turn off in the LED loop finally turning off,
But continue to keep work, until inductive current IL1 exhausts under the control of current controlled circuit.Using booster converter handle
Inductive current is also same situation when using as continuous current source, needs last paths of LEDs when proceeding to off working state
Work is kept to exhaust until inductive current.And when using buck drive circuit shown in figure four, when system is from working condition
When proceeding to off working state, as long as making QA and QD turn off, QB and QC maintains conducting, and the residual current of inductance L1 just can pass through QB
Keep circulation with QC through the loop on ground, gradually exhaust.The LED of so last road work is permissible when off working state arrives
Immediately turn off, without being utilized to exhaust the remaining energy storage of inductance.
Buck-boost converter drive scheme described in figure four is come in fact using a boosting brachium pontis and a blood pressure lowering brachium pontis
Existing stepping functions.The benefit of such scheme is LED and corresponding controlling switch loop can export with input voltage altogether
The polarity of voltage at end is identical with input, all relatively good process such as current detecting and control signal, and device for power switching institute
The voltage stress bearing is also smaller, and efficiency comparison is high.Also it is capable of lifter change using a brachium pontis in actual applications
Function because this kind of circuit is it is known that repeat no more here.The scheme benefit of single brachium pontis buck is power device used
Few, LED and corresponding controlling switch loop cannot with input voltage altogether, although or altogether but the voltage pole of outfan
Property and input contrary, current detecting and control signal etc. are all poorly processed, and the voltage that device for power switching is born
Also ratio is larger for stress, efficiency compare relatively low, so for LED multi-path drive, particularly high-grade drives, there is no advantage, but
It is or can to consider in some fairly simple applications.
Described above realizes carrying out independent control to the electric current of LED multi-path or DC load using a supply convertor
The principle of system can also be used to realize carry out independent control to the voltage of multi-channel DC load.Specific enforcement only need to be figure
2nd, each LED operation branch road in figure three and the schematic circuit described by figure four does following change according to schematic diagram shown in figure five：
A smoothing capacity with need to carry out voltage-controlled LED strip to be in parallel, the negative terminal after parallel connection and ground connect, an isolation
Diode and a controlling switch are in series, and the negative terminal after series connection is connected with the anode of LED strip, and the anode after series connection is as LED
The positive input terminal of work branch, the positive input terminal of all LED operation branch roads is all connected to the outfan of boost-buck power changer,
Namely the anode of the upper end electrical switch of boosting brachium pontis.Every LED branch road is by the electricity being made up of two voltage detection resistances
Pressure detector unit, current feedback signal IFB in the voltage feedback signal VFB replacement figure two, figure three and the figure four that detect, feed back to
The corresponding control loop of each paths of LEDs branch road, control loop controls reference signal according to the voltage of each LED branch road and is received
Voltage feedback signal is controlled to the voltage of each LED branch road under the coordination controlling distribution logic, the principle of control operation
Just the same with the operating principle realizing LED current control described herein, the different objects being simply to control, control
Reference signal and feedback signal are all corresponding signal with voltage, rather than and the corresponding signal of electric current.Note shown in figure five be
Using buck-boost converter, LED multi-path is realized with the principle of voltage driving, same principle is also applied for using decompression transformation
Device and booster converter LED multi-path is realized voltage and drive, and because hereinbefore having a detailed description, repeat no more here, simultaneously
It is also required to emphasize above-mentioned principle in addition to can driving LED, equally can also be used to the other kinds of DC load to multichannel and enter
The independent voltage of row controls.
Above statement discloses one kind using single blood pressure lowering, boosting or boost-buck power changer come to LED multi-path
Load carries out the principle of independent electric current and working state control.Need exist for emphasizing, set forth above in cited circuit, unit
Device, functional block diagram etc. are provided to as an example for being described to the principle of the present invention, and do not constitute real to the present invention
Apply the restriction of scheme.The operation principle of the present invention, except being capable of in addition to the control to the curtage of LED it is also possible to real
The now control to the curtage of other kinds of DC load；Used in schematic circuit described as an example
Components and parts also can be replaced with the components and parts of any other type completing same principle sexual function；Permissible in actual applications
Different embodiments are taken to be implemented according to the operation principle of the present invention；Situation in the operation principle not violating the present invention
Under, embodiment both can adopt analog control circuit, it would however also be possible to employ digital control circuit, analog-digital hybrid control electricity
Road or microprocessor control circuit, computer control circuit etc. are completing various functions described in the present invention.
Claims (17)
1. a kind of use a step-down/up type changer to realize independent current control and work to LED multi-path or DC load
, it is characterised in that a direct-current input power supplying, its negative voltage side is as ground for the driving method that state controls；One by two electricity
The reduced pressure operation brachium pontis of son switch composition, the formation that is connected with the anode of lower end electrical switch of the negative terminal of its upper end electrical switch is opened
Articulare 1, the positive voltage terminal just terminating to direct-current input power supplying of upper end electrical switch, the negative terminal of lower end electrical switch is connected to
Ground；The boost operations brachium pontis that one is made up of two electrical switches, the negative terminal of its upper end electrical switch and lower end electrical switch
Anode is connected formation switching node 2, the anode of upper end electrical switch as the outfan of driving load, lower end electrical switch
Negative terminal is connected to ground；One inductance, its first port is connected to switching node 1, and second port is connected to switching node 2；More than a road
LED operation branch road, each LED branch road comprises an at least LED strip containing a LED, a smoothing capacity, two poles
Pipe, a controlling switch, and a current measuring element, smoothing capacity and LED strip are in parallel, and diode and LED strip are in series,
Anode after series connection is connected with the anode of controlling switch as the anode of LED operation branch road, the negative terminal after series connection, controlling switch
Negative terminal pass through current measuring element and ground connect, the anode of all LED operation branch roads be connected in parallel being connected to boosting behaviour
Make the anode of brachium pontis upper end electrical switch, the running voltage of each LED strip allows in the course of the work higher or lower than direct current
The voltage of input power；One control unit, comprises to control the current control loop of each LED strip and each bar LED operation is propped up
The control distribution logic that the working condition on road is controlled, above-mentioned current control loop is according to the electric current of each LED operation branch road
Control reference value and the feedback signal acquired by from corresponding current measuring element that the electric current of each LED operation branch road is controlled
System, controls the needs of the distribution current control according to each in running order LED operation branch road for the logic and corresponding LED
The relation of the running voltage of string and input voltage sequentially coordinates controlling switch and the conversion of above-mentioned buck of each LED operation branch road
Meeting the job requirement of each LED branch road, when the running voltage of LED strip is less than input voltage, changer is in for the operation of device
Decompression transformation pattern, when the running voltage of LED strip is higher than input voltage, changer is in boosting inverter pattern.
2. need to carry out current control it is characterised in that the LED strip needing to carry out current control is changed into according to claim 1
DC load is forming and LED operation branch road corresponding DC load work branch.
3. according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that controlling distribution logic that each of buck-boost converter is opened
The pass operation cycle distributes to each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch in order, obtains
The LED operation branch road of distribution or DC load work branch are according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to lifting
Buckling parallel operation is controlled the electricity so that acquired within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned in the operation of corresponding switch periods
Flow just meets it and maintains the needs of required average operating current, each switching manipulation cycle in whole work process
Terminate when inductive current drops to zero, and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
4. according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that controlling distribution logic that each of buck-boost converter is opened
The pass operation cycle sequentially distributes to each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch, is divided
The LED operation branch road joined or DC load work branch are according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to buck
Changer is controlled the electric current so that acquired within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned in the operation of corresponding switch periods
Amount just meets it and maintains the needs of required average operating current in whole work process, and each switching manipulation cycle exists
Inductive current drops to auxiliary switch when zero and continues to turn on, when after inductive current changing direction close to the peak value of negative direction
Auxiliary switch turns off, corresponding switching manipulation end cycle, and and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
5. according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that in operation buck-boost converter grasped by switch
Current value, each paths of LEDs work branch or direct current required for making the electric current of inductance control in system work as current source
Loaded work piece branch road according to itself current control need by its corresponding control loop and control distribution logic control according to
Secondary electric current required for above-mentioned current source obtains is so that the acquired magnitude of current within the operation cycle being assigned to just meets
It maintains the needs of required average operating current in whole work process.
6. according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that the running voltage of all LED strip or DC load all
Less than the minimum of input voltage, thus remove the boosting brachium pontis in buck-boost converter circuit, remaining blood pressure lowering brachium pontis and electricity
Sense composition buck converter, the anode of each LED operation branch road or DC load work branch is connected in parallel and is connected to electricity
The second port of sense, converter circuit only does decompression transformation operation in the course of the work.
7. according to claim 6 it is characterised in that controlling distribution logic each switching manipulation sequential cycles of buck converter
Distribute to each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch, obtain distribute LED operation prop up
Road or DC load work branch according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to buck converter corresponding
The operation of switch periods be controlled so that the acquired magnitude of current within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned to just meet its
The needs of required average operating current are maintained, each switching manipulation cycle drops to zero in inductive current in whole work process
When terminate, and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
8. according to claim 6 it is characterised in that controlling distribution logic each switching manipulation sequential cycles of buck converter
Distribute to each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch, obtain distribute LED operation prop up
Road or DC load work branch according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to buck converter corresponding
The operation of switch periods be controlled so that the acquired magnitude of current within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned to just meet its
The needs of required average operating current are maintained, each switching manipulation cycle drops to zero in inductive current in whole work process
When auxiliary switch continue to turn on, until inductive current change direction after close to the peak value of negative direction when auxiliary switch turn off,
Corresponding switching manipulation end cycle, and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
9. according to claim 6 it is characterised in that in operation buck converter pass through switching manipulation the electric current of inductance
Current value, each paths of LEDs work branch or DC load work branch root required for controlling in system work as current source
Needing by the control of its corresponding control loop and control distribution logic successively from above-mentioned current source according to itself current control
Electric current required for obtaining is so that the acquired magnitude of current within the operation cycle being assigned to just meets it entirely worked
The needs of required average operating current are maintained in journey.
10. according to claim 1 or claim 2 it is characterised in that the running voltage of all LED strip or DC load all
Higher than the peak of input voltage, thus remove the blood pressure lowering brachium pontis in buck-boost converter circuit, remaining boosting brachium pontis and electricity
Sense composition booster converter, the first port of inductance is connected to the positive voltage terminal of direct-current input power supplying, each LED operation branch road or
The anode of person's DC load work branch be connected in parallel be connected to boosting brachium pontis upper end electrical switch anode, changer electricity
Boosting inverter operation is only done on road in the course of the work.
11. according to claim 10 it is characterised in that control distribution logic each switching manipulation cycle of booster converter according to
Distribute to sequence each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch, obtain the LED operation distributing
Branch road or DC load work branch according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to booster converter corresponding
The operation of switch periods be controlled so that the acquired magnitude of current within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned to just meets it
Maintain the needs of required average operating current in whole work process, each switching manipulation cycle drops in inductive current
Terminate when zero, and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
12. according to claim 10 it is characterised in that control distribution logic each switching manipulation cycle of booster converter according to
Distribute to sequence each in running order LED operation branch road or DC load work branch, obtain the LED operation distributing
Branch road or DC load work branch according to the control signal of its corresponding current control loop to booster converter corresponding
The operation of switch periods be controlled so that the acquired magnitude of current within the switching manipulation cycle being assigned to just meets it
Maintain the needs of required average operating current in whole work process, each switching manipulation cycle drops in inductive current
When zero, auxiliary switch continues to turn on, and when after inductive current changing direction close to the peak value of negative direction, auxiliary switch closes
Disconnected, corresponding switching manipulation end cycle, and then the next switching manipulation cycle opens.
13. according to claim 10 it is characterised in that in operation booster converter pass through switching manipulation the electricity of inductance
Stream controls in system work required current value, each paths of LEDs work branch or DC load work branch as current source
Needing by the control of its corresponding control loop and control distribution logic successively from above-mentioned electric current according to itself current control
Source obtains required electric current so that the acquired magnitude of current within the operation cycle being assigned to just meets it in whole work
During maintain the needs of required average operating current.
14. a kind of use a step-down/up type changer that LED multi-path or DC load are realized with independent voltage to control and work
, it is characterised in that a direct-current input power supplying, its negative voltage side is as ground for the driving method making state control；One by two
The reduced pressure operation brachium pontis of electrical switch composition, the negative terminal of its upper end electrical switch is connected with the anode of lower end electrical switch and is formed
Switching node 1, the positive voltage terminal just terminating to direct-current input power supplying of upper end electrical switch, the negative terminal of lower end electrical switch is connected to
Ground；The boost operations brachium pontis that one is made up of two electrical switches, the negative terminal of its upper end electrical switch and lower end electrical switch
Anode is connected formation switching node 2, the anode of upper end electrical switch as the outfan of driving load, lower end electrical switch
Negative terminal is connected to ground；One inductance, its first port is connected to switching node 1, and second port is connected to switching node 2；More than a road
LED operation branch road, each LED branch road comprises an at least LED strip containing a LED, a smoothing capacity, two poles
Pipe, a controlling switch, and a voltage detection unit；Smoothing capacity and LED strip are in parallel, and the negative terminal after parallel connection and ground are even
Connect；Diode and controlling switch are in series, and the negative terminal after series connection is connected with the anode of LED strip, and the anode after series connection is as LED
The positive input terminal of work branch, is connected to the outfan of buck-boost converter, namely the upper end electrical switch of boosting brachium pontis is just
End；Voltage detection unit is connected to the voltage of the two ends detection LED strip of LED strip；The running voltage of each LED strip is in work process
The middle voltage allowing higher or lower than direct-current input power supplying；One control unit, comprises to control the voltage of each LED strip to control
The control distribution logic that loop and the working condition to each bar LED operation branch road are controlled, above-mentioned voltage control loop according to
The voltage of each LED operation branch road controls reference value and the feedback signal acquired by from corresponding voltage detection unit to each
The voltage of LED operation branch road is controlled, and controls distribution logic according to the voltage of each in running order LED operation branch road
Each LED operation branch road sequentially coordinated by the needs controlling and the running voltage of corresponding LED strip and the relation of input voltage
The operation of controlling switch and above-mentioned buck-boost converter meeting the job requirement of each LED branch road, when the running voltage of LED strip
It is in decompression transformation pattern less than changer during input voltage, at the changer when the running voltage of LED strip is higher than input voltage
In boosting inverter pattern.
15. according to claim 14 it is characterised in that needing to carry out voltage-controlled LED strip and change into need to carry out voltage control
DC load forming and LED operation branch road corresponding DC load work branch.
16. according to claim 14 or claim 15 it is characterised in that the running voltage of all LED strip or DC load
The minimum of below input voltage, thus remove the boosting brachium pontis in buck-boost converter circuit, remaining blood pressure lowering brachium pontis and
Inductance forms buck converter, and the positive input terminal of each LED operation branch road or DC load work branch is connected in parallel even
It is connected to the second port of inductance, converter circuit only does decompression transformation operation in the course of the work.
17. according to claim 14 or claim 15 it is characterised in that the running voltage of all LED strip or DC load
Be higher than all the peak of input voltage, thus remove the blood pressure lowering brachium pontis in buck-boost converter circuit, remaining boosting brachium pontis and
Inductance forms booster converter, and the first port of inductance is connected to the positive voltage terminal of direct-current input power supplying, each LED operation branch road
Or the positive input terminal of DC load work branch be connected in parallel be connected to boosting brachium pontis upper end electrical switch anode, become
Converter circuit only does boosting inverter operation in the course of the work.
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