CN106412992A - Dynamic distributed resource scheduling method under ultra-dense WiFi network scenario - Google Patents
Dynamic distributed resource scheduling method under ultra-dense WiFi network scenario Download PDFInfo
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- CN106412992A CN106412992A CN201510452487.1A CN201510452487A CN106412992A CN 106412992 A CN106412992 A CN 106412992A CN 201510452487 A CN201510452487 A CN 201510452487A CN 106412992 A CN106412992 A CN 106412992A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/02—Traffic management, e.g. flow control or congestion control
- H04W28/08—Load balancing or load distribution
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W28/00—Network traffic management; Network resource management
- H04W28/16—Central resource management; Negotiation of resources or communication parameters, e.g. negotiating bandwidth or QoS [Quality of Service]
Abstract
The invention discloses a dynamic distributed resource scheduling method under an ultra-dense WiFi network scenario. In this method, a BSS is divided into a core area and an edge area, an AP is used for monitoring the load condition in the BSS, and the minimum rate requirement of the core area and the edge area is calculated; under the premise of satisfying the minimum rate requirement of the two areas, the number of time slots assigned to the edge area is gradually transferred to the core area, and the remaining power resources are compensated to the edge area to ensure the rate requirement of the edge area; when the remaining power resources are exhausted, the first iteration is cut off; the time slot and power assignment results of the edge area are determined at the moment, and the data rate the core area can reach is calculated as the minimum requirement of the next iteration; and the iteration continues until the BSS overall throughput will not be lifted. The invention can respond more quickly to network changes and reduce complexity, thereby significantly improving the overall performance of a WiFi system and the experience of edge users.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of WLAN (WiFi) resource regulating method, more particularly, to a kind of
Dynamic distributed resource regulating method under super-intensive WiFi networking scene, belongs to wireless communication technology
Field.
Background technology
In recent years, with the surge of multimedia service and mobile subscriber's quantity, wireless network carries
Data traffic is also assuming explosive growth.Root is it was found that the data throughout of wireless network is to 2015
Year will reach monthly 100*260Bit, wherein 40% data throughout passes through WLAN
(WiFi) realize transmission, this brings very big challenge to the resource management of WLAN.
In order to meet so huge data throughout demand, intensive WiFi is deployed to for trend,
Especially in the region that such as railway station, bus station, campus are so densely populated.However, it is existing
Carrier Sense Multiple Access/conflict avoidance (CSMA/CA) mechanism in IEEE802.11 standard is not
The scene of this highly dense networking can be suitable for, it can be very serious in highly dense group of hydraulic performance decline off the net.
This also becomes one of significant challenge of the intensive networking of WiFi.
Fig. 1 shows an example of WiFi interference model.Wherein, wireless access points AP1
Each provide service with AP2 to the user under infrastructure service set (BSS).Such as AP1 is to BSS1
In user 1 (mobile device) transmission data, AP2 in BSS2 user 3 send data.
Due to being with frequency, the data transfer of AP2 can produce serious interference to AP1.This interference is to being in
The impact of the user of marginal zone is especially apparent.Interference can have a strong impact on SINR, and (signal is made an uproar with disturbing to add
Acoustic ratio), disconnecting or packet loss can be led to if SINR is too low.Bar in situation license
Under part, in order to avoid co-channel interference, the basic service set credit union under adjacent WiFi access node service
Carry out transmission information from orthogonal three channels (channel 1, channel 6, channel 11).But,
In the case of meeting the super-intensive WiFi networking of populated area communication requirement, WiFi accesses
The interval of node reduces, and can cause the overlapped coverage with the BSS of frequency in border district.Due to CSMA/CA
Mechanism, the overlapping basic service set (OBSS) of multiple use same frequencys can be subject to very serious
Interference, can lead to user connect interruption and energy consumption increase.
In existing Wifi technical standard, the RTS/CTS that carries (request transmission/clear to send)
Agreement can not stop the interference shown in Fig. 1 completely.Because the transmit power of mobile terminal is relatively low
It may appear that such situation：The user 1 of AP1 and BSS1 marginal zone is in respective communication range
Interior, the interaction of RTS/CTS can be carried out, but due to the transmission work(with the user 1 of BSS1 marginal zone
Rate is less than the transmit power of AP2, and user 1 can be led to receive the signal (interference of AP2 transmission
Signal), and AP2 does not receive the cts signal that user 1 sends, and at this moment arises that aforesaid dry
Disturb situation.And, RTS/CTS is that there is a threshold value, that is, if above this threshold value,
The interaction of RTS/CTS can be carried out, if being less than this threshold value, can be without RTS/CTS
Directly transmission data.
In the prior art, the actual solution for the problems referred to above mainly carries out area to user
Packet on domain is so that neighbor bss S separates thus avoiding interference in timeslice；Also adopt
With Power Control, row constraint is entered to the transmission power of AP, but the former resource utilization is not high,
The latter can not make adjustment according to the loading condition of existing network, and effect is limited.
Content of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved is to provide one kind
Dynamic distributed resource regulating method under super-intensive WiFi networking scene.
For realizing above-mentioned goal of the invention, the present invention adopts following technical schemes：
A kind of dynamic distributed resource regulating method under super-intensive WiFi networking scene, including as follows
Step：
Infrastructure service set is divided into core space and marginal zone, monitors basis by wireless access points
Loading condition in set of service, calculates the minimum speed limit demand of core space and marginal zone；
On the premise of meeting two region minimum speed limit demands, the timeslot number of marginal zone will be distributed to
Mesh is gradually transferred to core space, compensates remaining power resource to marginal zone to ensure edge simultaneously
The rate requirement in area；
When remaining power resource exhausts, first time iteration is ended；Determine core space and side this moment
The time slot in edge area and power distribution result, and calculate the accessible data rate of core space as next
The Minimum requirements of secondary iteration；Proceed iteration, until the overall handling capacity of infrastructure service set not
Till being lifted.
Wherein more preferably, the time slot in the unit interval is divided into major time slot and minor time slot；
Wherein, major time slot distributes to marginal zone and all of user of core space, and adjacent infrastructure service
Major time slot between set is orthogonal, and minor time slot is assigned to only the user of core space.
Wherein more preferably, in the interactive information of Centralized Controller and wireless access points, pass through
Control signaling ensures that major/minor time slot is orthogonal.
Wherein more preferably, the power of described minor time slot is less than the power of described major time slot.
Wherein more preferably, the region that described minimum speed limit demand receives according to wireless access points
Interior loading condition determines.
Wherein more preferably, described remaining power resource is pmax- pmin, wherein PmaxFor WiFi system
The peak power that can be provided by, pminMeet under two region minimum speed limit demand conditions for WiFi system
Minimum power.
Wherein more preferably, in infrastructure service set, the adjacent accessing wirelessly that user is detected connects
The value of the RSSI of the wireless access points that the RSSI of access point is associated with itself is compared, if
Difference is less than predetermined threshold, then described user is in the user of marginal zone, otherwise is then core
The user in area.
Or, in infrastructure service set, estimate the path loss valuation to each STA for the different channels,
Then from high to low STA is ranked up according to described path loss valuation, if take wherein arrange forward
Dry STA is the user of marginal zone.
Or, in infrastructure service set, by Centralized Controller according to the position of STA, wirelessly visit
Ask the position of access point, RSSI, path loss, STA is divided into by core space and side by predetermined rule
Edge area.
Compared with prior art, the present invention considers time slot and the optimal joint of power resource is adjusted
Degree, and dynamically can be adjusted according to the existing loading condition of network, thus by system optimal
PROBLEM DECOMPOSITION is local optimum problem, advantageously reduces and carries out when computation complexity and network change soon
Speed response.Using the present invention, how to carry out quickly may be used in the case of super-intensive WiFi networking can be solved
The interference that the scheduling of resource leaned on effectively to reduce overlapping region between OBSS (overlapping BSS) is asked
Topic, effectively lifts the Consumer's Experience of edge customer, the handling capacity of lifting WiFi system.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the exemplary plot of WiFi interference model；
The exemplary plot of set of service (BSS) based on Fig. 2
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of time slot in WiFi system
Fig. 4 is the WiFi system topology schematic diagram using this dynamic distributed resource regulating method；
Fig. 5 is the algorithm flow chart of this dynamic distributed resource regulating method；
Fig. 6 is that the use scene carrying out simulating, verifying to this dynamic distributed resource regulating method is illustrated
Figure；
Fig. 7 is in simulation result, the overall Performance comparision schematic diagram of WiFi system；
Fig. 8 is the Performance comparision schematic diagram of edge cell in simulation result；
Fig. 9 is the polymerization speed comparison schematic diagram of algorithm in simulation result.
Specific embodiment
With specific embodiment, the technology contents of the present invention are launched in detail specifically below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings
Bright.
One distinguishing feature of the present invention is, for WiFi downlink transmission, meeting core space
On the premise of the user's minimum speed limit demand of marginal zone, time slot and work(are dynamically adjusted according to loading condition
The distribution of rate is experienced with the handling capacity maximizing system and the user ensureing edge customer.For making this
Bright technical scheme is relatively sharp, and below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in detail further.
Fig. 2 is the exemplary plot of infrastructure service set (BSS).Wherein, the BSS that AP covers is pressed
It is divided into marginal zone 202 and core space 201 according to geographical position.Region near AP becomes core space,
The region interfering significantly with away from AP and by adjacent AP is referred to as marginal zone.
In the present invention, the division about core space and marginal zone can be using in following several schemes
Any one：
1. user is referred to by corresponding Liang Ge area according to the RSSI signal strength signal intensity that user receives
In domain：The value of the RSSI of the AP that the RSSI of the adjacent AP that this user is detected is associated with itself
It is compared, if difference is less than a threshold value, say that this user is in the user of marginal zone,
Otherwise then it is in the user of core space.
2. divided by path loss：For example utilize TPC request/response frame (frame),
AP estimates the path loss valuation to each STA (station) for the different channels, is then estimated according to the path loss obtaining
Value is ranked up to STA from high to low, takes the user for marginal zone for the STA of wherein front X%.
3., when thin AP networking, often have a Centralized Controller (AC).AC passes through
CAPWAP agreement and AP are attached, AC can according to extension information, the position of such as STA,
STA is divided into core space and side by predetermined rule by the information such as the position of AP, RSSI, path loss
Edge area.
Because the synchronous accuracy of WiFi access point is very high, when can keep in the following manner
Between synchronous.Wherein, a kind of mode is that distributed AP each accesses Internet, and each AP passes through
NTP (network timing protocol) the agreement retention time is synchronous, and (Precision Theory is 200
Psec), when the second way is thin AP networking, have AC Centralized Controller, AC passes through CAPWAP
Agreement is associated with AP, and wherein time synchronized function is also based on Network Time Protocol realization.
We assume that deploying C BSS in WiFi network.It is distributed in the user in these BSS
It is divided into edge customer and core customer according to above-mentioned rssi measurement method.Saying hereinafter for convenience
Bright, now user all of in each BSS is equivalent to two Virtual User, a representative edge respectively
All users in edge area, all users representing core space.And it is assumed that this two virtual
User is seated BSS core space and the channel matter of this two Virtual User (is assumed in the border of marginal zone
Amount is worst).It is meant that marginal zone is real if the rate requirement of the Virtual User of marginal zone meets
The rate requirement of the user on border also can be met, and vice versa.
Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of time slot in WiFi system.According to 802.11 existing agreements, WiFi
It is a time-division system.One packet from be sent to receive through the following 1 DIFS time, 3
Individual SIFS time, RTS/CTS time, an ACK time data transmission time gap.Though
So, the packet of WiFi transmission varies, but can obtain DATA data from statistical angle
Size, so from this rational hypothesis, can define the basic resources scheduling of WiFi system
Unit is a time slot, and the value of this time slot can be obtained by a large amount of statistics, and should leave certain
Surplus.
Fig. 4 is the WiFi system topology schematic diagram using this dynamic distributed resource regulating method.?
In the present invention, the time slot in the unit interval is divided into major time slot and minor time slot, wherein,
Major time slot can distribute to marginal zone and all of user of core space, and between adjacent BSS
Major time slot is orthogonal.And minor time slot is assigned to only the user of core space.On the other hand,
The watt level of major time slot and minor time slot is different.Wherein, the work(of minor time slot
Rate will be less than the power of major time slot, thus less to the interference of neighbor bss S during minor time slot.
The power ratio of major and minor is referred to as power ratio, and it is this dynamic distributed resource regulating method
One of important indicator.
The orthogonality of major/minor time slot can be ensured by AC, specifically can in AC and
In the interactive information of AP, believed by control situations such as transmit in conjunction with AP ID, positional information and flow
Make and to ensure that major/minor time slot is orthogonal.AC and AP itself can sporadically interactive information,
And translational speed is relatively low in WiFi system, mobility is poor, need not too continually be scheduling,
So too big signaling consumption can't be brought.
In one embodiment of the invention, obtain first distributing to certain AP major time slot,
The concrete timeslot number of minor time slot, then at the position on a timeline of the time slot according to distribution
Reason：When being in major time slot, AP adjusts antenna and power, service core area and edge
The user in area；When being in minor time slot, AP adjusts antenna and Power coverage service range
Reduce, a service core area user.It is of course also possible to major time slot and minor time slot
The method of salary distribution is added to the energy-saving module of WiFi, such as reduce Power operation in minor time slot,
Adjustment antenna is to reduce service range.
It should be noted that the cycle of scheduling of resource is not each time slot can carry out.Therefore,
The time slot referring in the present invention simply completes packet transmission need according to the WiFi that statistics obtains
The time wanted.Actually algorithmic dispatching when, due to relatively low translational speed under WiFi network,
Relative data traffic changes in demand less, can be considered that in the short time, rate requirement changes less, institute
So that the granularities such as 5s, 10s can be selected according to demand to be scheduling.
Specifically tell about the scheduling of resource process of one embodiment of the present of invention below.For BSS i (i ∈ C)
Total number of timeslots assignable in unit interval is designated as N, is assigned to the time slot number scale of major time slot
ForThe timeslot number being assigned to minor time slot is designated asAnother
Basic resources thread is through-put power, major time slot and the corresponding through-put power of minor time slot
It is represented asWith
For WiFi system, it is one and moves slowly at system, and channel is not at short notice
Too great fluctuation process occurs, does not need too frequent when scheduling of resource, this is conducive to saving system
Expense.Signal strength signal intensity can decay rapidly with the increase of distance in systems in practice, so can
Only to consider to disturb several interference sources (actual conditions are according to depending on current conditions) the strongest.User connects
The signal to noise ratio receiving can be expressed as：
Wherein,It is expressed as BSSi, the through-put power of time slot j, major time slot time division is joined
Minor time slot time division is joinedRepresent that time slot j is derived from APm and the channel of APi user is increased
Benefit,Represent the set having the BSS interfering significantly with to BSSi, N0Represent white Gaussian noise power.
From fig. 4, it can be seen that marginal zone Virtual User is orthogonal due to adjoining area time slot, so its
Only disturbed by minor time slot in neighbor bss S, it be can get according to shannon formula accessible
Data rate is：
Represent the channel gain being derived from the Virtual User to APi for the APm in time slot major.
And the interference that the user of core space is subject in time slot j be derived from adjacent AP in major time slot and
The interference of minor time slot.Because the power of this two classes time slot distribution is different, from the angle reducing complexity
Degree can be from the power of larger major time slot when calculatingTo represent that (this also complies with
Practical significance).So, the accessible data rate of core space Virtual User is：
Wherein,Represent the channel gain being derived from the Virtual User to AP i for the AP m in minor time slot.
Fig. 5 shows the algorithmic procedure of this dynamic distributed resource regulating method.This is dynamic distributed
Resource regulating method can be divided into two key steps, is described as follows：
Step one：Find the minimum resource distribution mode of the power meeting under user rate demand condition.
The loading condition in region that the minimum speed limit demand of user can receive according to AP is Lai really
Power that is fixed, can distributing according to required for above-mentioned formula is obtained and corresponded to after determining minimum-rate demand
ValueBecause number of time slot is discrete integer, so can find's
Make in combinationA component formula formula.
Step 2：Because WiFi system is interference limiting system in highly dense networking, in order to reduce
Interference to marginal zone user, in the minimum speed limit demand meeting marginal zone, core space user
On the premise of, preferentially give the core space relatively small to neighbor cell interference remaining resource allocation.
The timeslot number that will distribute tends to core space, reduces the time slot of marginal zone from the point of view of statistics
Probability and the interference strength of neighbor cell collision can be reduced, and improve the power of marginal zone to ensure side
The demand of edge user rate.
If the peak power that WiFi system is provided that is Pmax, in step one, meet minimum speed limit condition
UnderRemaining power resource is (pmax-pmin), now by major
The number of time slot gives minor time slot one by one, and when remaining power resource is compensated to major
Gap will not decline come the rate requirement to guarantee user.When remaining power resource exhausts, that is,
pmax-pminDuring ＜ 0, first time iteration is ended.Select this momentAnd calculate
Core spaceNew Minimum requirements as next iteration.
So continuous iteration, till the overall handling capacity of BSS system will not be lifted.
Below, the reality to this dynamic distributed resource regulating method in conjunction with the use scene shown in Fig. 6
Border effect carries out simulating, verifying.Shown in Fig. 6 using in scene it is assumed that all AP broadly fall into
One operator, and be controlled by a common AC.So, on the one hand it is directed to network speed
During rate changes in demand, energy fast reaction, adjust system time gap to recover the need of core space and marginal zone
Ask, on the other hand can be also used for scheduling of resource during networking.According to 802.11 agreements, an AP
A user in its BSS region once can only be serviced, so the bandwidth that user can be assigned to is equal to
Total bandwidth B of system.
Simulated conditions：The network topology of 3 adjacent BSS compositions, remaining condition is as shown in table 1：
Table 1 simulation parameter table
The overall Performance comparision of WiFi system is as shown in Figure 7.Wherein, abscissa represents adjacent between AP
To 100m from 50m to 75m, what ordinate represented is data and time slot and the energy of Successful transmissions to distance
The ratio of amount resource.It can be seen that the present invention performance (be illustrated as dynamic F-CSMA/CA, under
With) it is an advantage over traditional distributed CSMA/CA and common CSMA/CA.
The Performance comparision of edge cell is as shown in Figure 8.From the point of view of simulation result, the present invention is to edge
The handling capacity of cell also has improvement.Because after major time slot is transferred to minor time slot, its
It is reduction of the interference to marginal zone, so still can have effect to marginal zone in fact.
The polymerization speed of algorithm is more as shown in Figure 9.From fig. 9, it can be seen that the algorithm of the present invention
Polymerization speed is very fast, and after 5 iteration, timeslot number just settles out.This iteration speed is can be with
The situation of change of upper network, it is possible to achieve respond faster.
Compared with prior art, the present invention is directed to the resource of AP under super-intensive WiFi networking scene
Scheduling, by calculating minimum speed limit demand, dynamic dispatching time slot and the power of core space and marginal zone
Two basic resources threads；On the premise of meeting two region minimum speed limit demands, will divide
The number of time slot of dispensing marginal zone is gradually transferred to core space, compensates the power of marginal zone protecting simultaneously
The rate requirement of card marginal zone, updates the minimum speed limit demand in two regions, through continuous simultaneously
Iteration, until remaining power resource exhausts, timeslot number now and power combination are exactly currently
Excellent scheduling of resource distribution.The optimization problem of whole system is decomposed into multiple single BSS by the present invention
Optimization problem, and dynamic distributed algorithm can quickly response to network change and reduce complicated
Degree, thus be obviously improved the overall performance of WiFi system and the experience of edge customer.
Above to the dynamic distributed resource under super-intensive WiFi networking scene provided by the present invention
Dispatching method has been described in detail, it is apparent that the form that implements of the present invention is not limited to
In this.For those of ordinary skill in the art, in the spirit without departing substantially from the present invention and power
The various obvious guarantor changing all in the present invention in the case of sharp claimed range, it being carried out
Within the scope of shield.
Claims (9)
1. the dynamic distributed resource regulating method under a kind of super-intensive WiFi networking scene, it is special
Levy and be to comprise the steps：
Infrastructure service set is divided into core space and marginal zone, monitors basis by wireless access points
Loading condition in set of service, calculates the minimum speed limit demand of core space and marginal zone；
On the premise of meeting two region minimum speed limit demands, the timeslot number of marginal zone will be distributed to
Mesh is gradually transferred to core space, compensates remaining power resource to marginal zone to ensure edge simultaneously
The rate requirement in area；
When remaining power resource exhausts, first time iteration is ended；Determine core space and side this moment
The time slot in edge area and power distribution result, and calculate the accessible data rate of core space as next
The Minimum requirements of secondary iteration；Proceed iteration, until the overall handling capacity of infrastructure service set not
Till being lifted.
2. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
Time slot in unit interval is divided into major time slot and minor time slot；Wherein, during major
Gap is distributed between marginal zone and all of user of core space, and adjacent infrastructure service set
Major time slot is orthogonal, and minor time slot is assigned to only the user of core space.
3. as claimed in claim 2 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
In the interactive information of Centralized Controller and wireless access points, ensured by control signaling
Major/minor time slot is orthogonal.
4. as claimed in claim 2 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
The power of described minor time slot is less than the power of described major time slot.
5. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
The loading condition in region that described minimum speed limit demand receives according to wireless access points
Determine.
6. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
Described remaining power resource is pmax- pmin, wherein PmaxCan be provided by for WiFi system
High-power, pminMeet the minimum power under two region minimum speed limit demand conditions for WiFi system.
7. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
In infrastructure service set, the RSSI of the adjacent wireless access points that user is detected with
The value of the RSSI of wireless access points of association itself is compared, if difference is less than predetermined door
Limit value, then described user be in the user of marginal zone, otherwise be then the user of core space.
8. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
In infrastructure service set, estimate the path loss valuation to each STA for the different channels, Ran Hougen
From high to low STA is ranked up according to described path loss valuation, takes and wherein arrange forward some STA
User for marginal zone.
9. as claimed in claim 1 dynamic distributed resource regulating method it is characterised in that：
In infrastructure service set, accessed according to the position of STA, accessing wirelessly by Centralized Controller
STA is divided into core space and marginal zone by predetermined rule by the position of point, RSSI, path loss.
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| WO2022213703A1 (en) * | 2021-04-09 | 2022-10-13 | 华为技术有限公司 | Network topology identification method and apparatus, and wireless communication system |
| CN115942472A (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2023-04-07 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Concurrent scheduling and resource allocation method in wireless ad hoc network |
| CN115942472B (en) * | 2022-11-30 | 2024-03-12 | 中国科学院上海微系统与信息技术研究所 | Concurrent scheduling and resource allocation method in wireless ad hoc network |
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