CN106411487B - The high energy efficiency resource allocation methods of the fixed downlink OFDMA system of base station rated power - Google Patents
The high energy efficiency resource allocation methods of the fixed downlink OFDMA system of base station rated power Download PDFInfo
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- CN106411487B CN106411487B CN201610131076.7A CN201610131076A CN106411487B CN 106411487 B CN106411487 B CN 106411487B CN 201610131076 A CN201610131076 A CN 201610131076A CN 106411487 B CN106411487 B CN 106411487B
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000013468 resource allocation Methods 0.000 title abstract description 12
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 230000003247 decreasing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000969 carrier Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
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- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000004134 energy conservation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010295 mobile communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003595 spectral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
- H04L5/00—Arrangements affording multiple use of the transmission path
- H04L5/003—Arrangements for allocating sub-channels of the transmission path
- H04L5/0058—Allocation criteria
- H04L5/0076—Allocation utility-based
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0453—Resources in frequency domain, e.g. a carrier in FDMA
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
- H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
- H04W72/00—Local resource management
- H04W72/04—Wireless resource allocation
- H04W72/044—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource
- H04W72/0473—Wireless resource allocation based on the type of the allocated resource the resource being transmission power
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
- Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
- Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of high energy efficiency resource allocation methods of the fixed downlink OFDMA system of base station rated power.The distribution method includes optimal Subcarrier Allocation Algorithm and optimal power allocation algorithm.When carrying out subcarrier distribution, what Base Transmitter came out does not have often a subcarrier to distribute to the strongest user of channel.In optimal power contribution algorithm, optimal total base station power is found using water-filling algorithm and dichotomy.The method of the present invention is fairly obvious to the energy saving effects of high-power ofdm signal transmitting base station, and has the characteristics that low complex degree.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a high-energy-efficiency resource allocation method of a downlink OFDMA system with a fixed base station rated power.
Background
As one of the important technologies of 4G communication, there is a great prospect of development in the field of mobile communication. The base station, as a transmitting end of a communication signal, often consumes a huge amount of energy when transmitting a signal to a mobile terminal. Many problems caused by excessive energy consumption also force people to pay more attention to the energy conservation problem. One of the concerns is how to save energy at the base station while ensuring the user communication rate and quality.
Energy efficiency refers to the number of joules consumed to transfer a bit of data. In recent years, many people have switched in from the viewpoint of data transmission rate, and it is expected to find a solution that achieves high energy efficiency. However, this method tends to have a large influence on the communication rate. Therefore, the energy saving problem is gradually becoming a current hot spot in terms of the direction of the signal power transmitted by the base station.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an energy-efficient resource allocation method of a downlink OFDMA system with a fixed base station rated power.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a method for allocating high-energy-efficiency resources of a downlink OFDMA system with a fixed base station rated power comprises the following steps:
(1) according to the definition of energy efficiency, an objective function and a constraint condition of an optimization problem (P1) are determined:
an objective function:
wherein,and is
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f(P)≤Pt；
wherein, B is the bandwidth of the base station to transmit OFDM signals, K is the number of transmitted sub-carriers, hu,k(K1., K, U1., U) is the baseband channel coefficients for the subcarriers from the base station to the user ξs(ξs< 1) efficiency of the power amplifier of the base station, PcTotal circuit power, σ, for the base station and all users2(Watt) is the noise power per subcarrier, P, for each user receiverkTransmitting the average power, P, of the k sub-carrier of an OFDM signal to a base stationtIs the nominal total power of the base station,p represents a power allocation set of each subcarrier, and I represents the condition that the subcarriers are allocated to users;
(2) assuming that the total power consumption of the base stations is a fixed value P in the constraints of the optimization problem (P1), the optimization problem (P1) is transformed into an optimization problem (P2):
an objective function:
constraint conditions are as follows:f(P)＝ρ
is determined by the following formula
Where G isk＝maxu{Gu,k}
(3) Determining an optimal subcarrier allocation mode in the step (2), and further converting the optimization problem (P2) into an optimization problem (P3) by combining the expression of R (I, P) in the step (1):
an objective function:
constraint conditions are as follows:f(P)＝ρ
solving an optimization problem (P3) by utilizing a KKT condition in a convex optimization theory to obtain the power distribution of subcarriers asWherein υ e R is a lagrangian multiplier introduced by an equivalent constraint condition f (p) ═ ρ;
(4) combining conditions sigmakPk(ρ)＝ξs(ρ-Pc) The method of solving the numerical solution by using the dichotomy is obtainedv*Mu (ρ) andis a function of p;
(5) actual total power rho for finding optimal energy efficiency of base station by utilizing dichotomy*. The specific process is as follows:
proved that P is more than PcWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,is a monotonically increasing function of the exact concavity while satisfyingSo as to obtain the compound with the characteristics of,
according to the above conditions, drawing in the same coordinate systemη (ρ) and μ (ρ).
It is found that there is a power point p0ρ from PcIncrease to p0When μ (ρ) is strictly decreasing, η (ρ) is strictly increasing, and μ (ρ) > η (ρ) (i.e., μ (ρ) >) This is always true.
When rho is rho0When the two lines coincide, μ (ρ)0)＝η(ρ0) (i.e. the) This is true.
When rho is greater than rho0And monotonically increases, both μ (ρ) and η (ρ) are strictly decreasing, and μ (ρ) < η (ρ) (i.e., μ (ρ) < η (ρ)) This is always true.
ρ*＝ρ0The base station energy efficiency is the optimal actual total power.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
the method has obvious energy saving effect on the high-power OFDM signal transmitting base station and has the characteristic of low complexity.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a model of a downlink OFDMA system of the present invention.
FIG. 2 shows the total power ρ of the base station, the energy efficiency function η (ρ) and the data transmission rate function with optimal energy efficiency when the present invention performs the most energy efficient power allocationAnd a function image of the lagrangian variable μ (ρ) for optimal energy efficiency.
FIG. 3 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further described with reference to the following drawings and specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, a cell base station transmits OFDM signals to U users of the cell. Rated total power of base station is Pt. The total bandwidth of the signal is B Hz, there are K subcarriers, and each subcarrier is allocated to only one user. The baseband channel coefficient of subcarrier k from the base station to user u is hu,k(K1., K, U., U.) the efficiency of the power amplifier of the base station is ξs(ξs< 1). The total circuit power of the base station and all users is Pc(excluding the power of the base station power amplifier). The noise power of each subcarrier corresponding to each user receiver is sigma2(Watt)。
At the same time, a variable P is definedk≧ 0 denotes the average power transmitted from the base station to the subcarrier k symbol. And the variable tkuE {0,1}, when tkuWhen 1, subcarrier k is allocated to user u, when tkuWhen 0, subcarrier k is not allocated to user u. It can be seen that the optimization variable for energy-efficient resource allocation of the downlink OFDMA system isWhere P denotes the power allocation set of each subcarrier and I denotes the case where subcarriers are allocated to users.
The measure of the energy efficiency of the system is the number of bits transmitted per joule of energy consumed, and therefore the total power and data transmission rate at which the base station transmits signals need to be determined.
The total power comprising the circuit power PcAnd a transmission power PTThe specific expression is as follows:
according to the shannon formula, the data transmission rate from the base station to all users is:
whereinThen is knownIn this case, an algorithm may be implemented to find the best resource allocation that achieves the greatest energy efficiency when the total power of the base station is fixed.
Assuming that the total power consumption of the base station is limited to a specified effective value Pt(Pt＞Pc) The following. The most energy efficient resource allocation problem may be established as an optimization problem (P1):
the constraint conditions are as follows:
f(P)≤Pt；
the present embodiment solves the above energy efficiency optimization problem in two parts. Step 1, optimal allocation of subcarriers is carried out, and step 2, optimal allocation of power of signals transmitted by the base station is carried out.
The optimal allocation method of the sub-carriers in step 1 is as follows.
Assuming that the total power consumption of the system is a fixed value ρ, the optimization problem (P1) can be transformed into a resource allocation problem of high spectral efficiency (P2):
the constraint conditions are as follows:
formula (3), (4), (5), f (p) ═ ρ;
thenIs determined by the following formula
Here, Gk＝maxu{Gu,k}。
The practical meaning of equation (6) is that each subcarrier transmitted by the base station is allocated to the user with the strongest channel, i.e. an optimal subcarrier allocation mode is defined. The allocation is determined according to the specific environment of the cell.
After the sub-carriers are optimally allocated, the next problem is to find a power allocation mode that can maximize the energy efficiency of the base station. When the total power consumption is rho, the maximum energy efficiency expression is as follows:
here, ,
at this point, finding the best resource allocation for the problem (P1) is equivalent to first finding the best resource allocation
Then I*And P*(ρ*) I.e. the optimal solution of (P1).
Step 2, the optimal power distribution method of the base station transmission signals is as follows.
The solution P is obtained by integrating the problems (P1), (P2) and the formula (8)*(ρ) optimization problem (P3):
the constraint conditions are as follows:
formula (5), f (p) ═ ρ
Step 201: the problem (P3) can be solved using the KKT condition of the convex problem.
Introducing Lagrange multiplier lambda epsilon R to inequality constraint (5)nAnd introducing a multiplier upsilon ∈ R to the equivalent constraint condition f (P) ═ P, and obtaining a Lagrangian function of an optimization problem (P3) as follows:
the optimization problem is then solved using the KKT condition. Pk *,(λ*,v*) Respectively, the optimal solution which satisfies the primitive function and the dual problem, and simultaneously satisfies the following KKT condition:
analyzing and solving to obtain:
can be expressed as:
step 202: as can be seen from the formula (13), PkCannot be expressed by a definite analytical formula, but can be determined to be a decreasing function of upsilon and satisfy sigmakPk(ρ)＝ξs(ρ-Pc). Therefore, the dichotomy idea is utilized to find the specific value of upsilon corresponding to the total power rho of the base station with a given value, and further, the dichotomy idea is utilized to find the specific value of upsilonTo obtainη (ρ) in step 203:η (p) and an optimal Lagrangian variable v*The properties of these three functions and their interrelationship are analyzed to find the actual power ρ of the base station transmitting signal at which the energy efficiency function η (ρ) is maximized*。
Assuming that v ═ μ (ρ), according to convex optimization theory, one can obtain:
at the same time can also proveIs a strict concave function with respect to the increase in p. According toCan be approximated as a curve with p, as shown in fig. 2. The thick solid lines in the figure indicate:when the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,η (p) function image (dashed line) then has the meaning of origin andthe meaning of the mu (p) function image (dot-dash line) isIn thatIs cut off the line.
Derivative with respect to p is taken from η (p):
as can be seen from the analysis in conjunction with FIG. 2, ρ is from PcIncrease to p0When p is ρ, η (ρ) is strictly increasing, and μ (ρ) > η (ρ) holds true at all times0When the two lines coincide, μ (ρ)0)＝η(ρ0) This is true. When rho is greater than rho0At this time, η (ρ) is strictly decreasing, and μ (ρ) < η (ρ) is always true.
We find ρ*＝ρ0When it is in use, makeρ0Is the point of allocation of the best total power. ρ can be found by bisection*This process is actually a process of comparing the magnitude relationship between μ (ρ) and η (ρ), and when they are equal or approximately equal, it is the power optimized for energy efficiency.
As shown in FIG. 3, a flow chart of an energy-efficient resource allocation algorithm of the whole downlink OFDMA system is given, the core part of the algorithm lies in finding an energy-efficient power allocation mode by using a dichotomy method through observing and proving the relation between mu (rho) and η (rho), and in the worst case, the algorithm complexity is
Claims (1)
1. A method for allocating energy-efficient resources of a downlink OFDMA system with a fixed base station rated power is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) according to the definition of energy efficiency, an objective function and a constraint condition of an optimization problem (P1) are determined:
an objective function:
wherein,and is
Constraint conditions are as follows:
f(P)≤Pt；
wherein, B is the bandwidth of the base station to transmit OFDM signals, K is the number of transmitted sub-carriers, hu,k(K1., K, U1., U) is the baseband channel coefficient of the sub-carrier from the base station to the user, U denotes the total number of users in the cell, ξs(ξs< 1) efficiency of the power amplifier of the base station, PcTotal circuit power, σ, for the base station and all users2Noise power, P, for each sub-carrier corresponding to each user receiverkTransmitting the average power, P, of the k sub-carrier of an OFDM signal to a base stationtIs the nominal total power of the base station,p represents a power allocation set of each subcarrier, and I represents the condition that the subcarriers are allocated to users; when t iskuWhen 1, subcarrier k is allocated to user u, when tkuWhen 0, subcarrier k is not allocated to user u;
(2) assuming that the total power consumption of the base stations is a fixed value P in the constraints of the optimization problem (P1), the optimization problem (P1) is transformed into an optimization problem (P2):
an objective function:
constraint conditions are as follows:f(P)＝ρ
is determined by the following formula
Where G isk＝maxu{Gu,k}
(3) Determining an optimal subcarrier allocation mode in the step (2), and further converting the optimization problem (P2) into an optimization problem (P3) by combining the expression of R (I, P) in the step (1):
an objective function:
constraint conditions are as follows:f(P)＝ρ
solving an optimization problem (P3) by utilizing a KKT condition in a convex optimization theory to obtain the power distribution of subcarriers asWherein υ e R is a lagrangian multiplier introduced by an equivalent constraint condition f (p) ═ ρ;
(4) combining conditions sigmakPk(ρ)＝ξs(ρ-Pc) Using a dichotomy to obtain a numberMethod of value solution to obtainv*Mu (ρ) andis a function of p; i is*And P*(ρ*) The optimal solution is (P1); pk *,(λ*,v*) Respectively, the optimal solutions satisfying the primitive function and the dual problem;
(5) actual total power rho for finding optimal energy efficiency of base station by utilizing dichotomy*The specific process is as follows:
proved that P is more than PcWhen the temperature of the water is higher than the set temperature,is a monotonically increasing function of the exact concavity while satisfyingSo as to obtain the compound with the characteristics of,
according to the above conditions, drawing in the same coordinate systemη (p) and μ (p), it was found that there was a power point ρ0ρ from PcIncrease to p0When μ (ρ) is strictly decreasing, η (ρ) is strictly increasing, and μ (ρ) > η (ρ), i.e.Always being true; when rho is rho0When the two lines coincide, μ (ρ)0)＝η(ρ0) I.e. byIf true; when rho is greater than rho0Increasing all the time, mu (rho) and η (rho) are strictly decreasing, and mu (rho) < η (rho), namelyAlways being true; rho*＝ρ0The base station energy efficiency is the optimal actual total power.
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| CN102655492A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Cooperative OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation) system subcarrier distribution method based on physical layer safety |
| CN104660393A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-05-27 | 临沂大学 | Energy-efficient equipower distribution method used in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system |
| CN105228249A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-01-06 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | A kind of sub-carrier wave distribution method, relevant apparatus and base station |
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| CN102655492A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-09-05 | 西安电子科技大学 | Cooperative OFDMA (Orthogonal Frequency Division Modulation) system subcarrier distribution method based on physical layer safety |
| CN104660393A (en) * | 2015-03-16 | 2015-05-27 | 临沂大学 | Energy-efficient equipower distribution method used in OFDM (Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing) system |
| CN105228249A (en) * | 2015-08-21 | 2016-01-06 | 上海华为技术有限公司 | A kind of sub-carrier wave distribution method, relevant apparatus and base station |
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