CN106409074B - A multi-functional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis - Google Patents
A multi-functional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis, which comprises a two-steel sheet scheme or a three-steel sheet scheme. In the scheme of the two rigid sheets, the plate surfaces of the two rigid sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane and are parallel to each other, the connecting line of the central points of the two rigid sheets is parallel to the short edge of the rigid sheet, and the connecting line of the central points is 350 mm; in the scheme of the three steel sheets, the plate surfaces of the three steel sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the D steel sheet and the E steel sheet are 300mm long and 200mm wide and are positioned on one side of the multifunctional teaching aid; the C steel sheet is 650mm long and 150mm wide and is positioned on the other side of the multifunctional teaching aid. The invention can realize various systems under different conditions by the combined connection of nodes and rod pieces at different positions on different rigid plates, and realizes the transformation of a geometric variable system, a geometric constant system and a geometric transient system under different conditions by using the self gravity of the structure as a load.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of civil engineering professional structural mechanics teaching, and relates to a multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis teaching.
Background
The structural mechanics is a necessary subject of civil engineering major of colleges and universities, and the theoretical teaching is a main teaching method of the structural mechanics of colleges and universities, but with the emphasis of higher education on experimental teaching, the development of structural mechanics experiments also becomes a necessary trend.
Geometric composition analysis, as an opening section of the course of structural mechanics, discusses one side of structural mechanics from the perspective of geometric composition, but geometric composition analysis is closely related to internal force analysis.
From the viewpoint of geometrical composition, the rod system can be divided into two categories: a geometrically variable system, a geometrically invariant system; the geometrically variable system can be further divided into a geometrically constant system and a geometrically transient system. In the geometric composition analysis of a plane system, the most basic rules are a two-steel-sheet hinge rule and a three-steel-sheet hinge rule.
Students can hardly experience the stress characteristics and displacement characteristics of different systems under the action of load only through learning in books, and the experimental requirements of all students can hardly be met due to the laboratory conditions at the present stage. Therefore, as an indispensable part of the teaching of structural mechanics, a reliable, intuitive, and convenient teaching aid for geometric composition analysis becomes a problem which needs to be considered urgently.
The invention provides a multifunctional teaching aid for analyzing the geometrical composition of structural mechanics, which takes the gravity of a structure as load, sees the change of the displacement of the structure by a visual inspection method, takes the instability deformation of a rod piece as an index for measuring the stress of the rod piece, realizes the flexible conversion of the three systems by the combined connection of nodes at different positions on different rigid pieces and the rod pieces in various modes, and lays a foundation for the smooth analysis and teaching of the geometrical composition of the structural mechanics.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to improve the intuitiveness of the structural mechanics geometric composition analysis teaching content, the invention provides the multifunctional teaching aid for the structural mechanics geometric composition analysis, which realizes the flexible conversion of the three systems and lays a foundation for the smooth performance of the structural mechanics geometric composition analysis teaching.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis comprises a two-steel sheet scheme or a three-steel sheet scheme; the multifunctional teaching aid can realize the transformation of a geometric variable system, a geometric constant system and a geometric transient system under different conditions.
In the scheme of the two rigid sheets, the plate surfaces of the two rigid sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane and are parallel to each other, the connecting line of the central points of the two rigid sheets is parallel to the short edge of the rigid sheet, and the connecting line of the central points is 350 mm.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with the two steel sheets comprises a rectangular A steel sheet, a rectangular B steel sheet and a rod piece, a rectangular plane coordinate system with the unit of mm is established by taking the center of the long side below the A steel sheet as the center of the rectangular plane coordinate system and taking the long side as the x-axis direction; the A is made of an aluminum alloy material, the length is 604mm, the width is 300mm, the thickness is 6mm, and 6 nodes are arranged on the A steel sheet; the coordinates of four corner points of the A steel sheet are (-302,0), (-302,150), (302, 150), and the six coordinates of the A steel sheet are A1(-252,75), A2(-202,75), A3(-202,21) A4(0,75), A5(202,75) A6(252, 75). The B rigid sheet is made of an aluminum alloy material, the length is 604mm, the width is 300mm, the thickness is 6mm, and 5 nodes are arranged on the B rigid sheet; coordinates of four corner points of the steel sheet B are (-302,350), (302,350), (302,500), (302 and 500), and the thickness is 6 mm; the coordinates of the node B of the steel B sheet are B1(-202,425), B2(-50,425), B3(0,425), B4(50,425), B5(202,425). The rod piece is made of stainless steel materials, the thickness of the rod piece is 2mm, and the rigid piece and the rod piece are connected in a hinged mode.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid pieces comprises a rectangular C rigid piece, a rectangular D rigid piece, a rectangular E rigid piece and a rod piece, the center of the long side below the C rigid piece is used as the center of a rectangular plane coordinate system, the long side is used as the x-axis direction, and the rectangular plane coordinate system with the unit of mm is established. The C steel sheet is made of aluminum alloy material, the thickness is 6mm, the coordinates of four corners are (-325,0), (-325,150), (325, 150), and the coordinates of nodes are C1(-275,122), C2(-225,122), C3(-50,122), C4(50,122), C5(225,122), C6(275,122), C7(-50,75) C8(50, 75). The D rigid sheet is rectangular and is made of aluminum alloy material, the thickness is 6mm, the coordinates of four corners are (-325,395), (-25, 395), (-25,595), (-325, 595), and the coordinates of nodes are D1(-275,565), D2(-175,565), D3(-275,495), D4(-175,495), D5(-275,425), D6(-209,425), D7(-175,425) and D8(-50,425). The E steel sheet is made of an aluminum alloy material, and the thickness of the E steel sheet is 6 mm; the four corner coordinates are (325,395), (25, 395), (25,595), (325, 595), and the node coordinates are E1(275,565), E2(175,565), E3(275,495), E4(175,495), E5(275,425), E6(209,425), E7(175,425), E8(50,425). The rigid sheets and the rod pieces are all connected in a hinged mode.
In the scheme of the three steel sheets, the plate surfaces of the three steel sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the D steel sheet and the E steel sheet are 300mm long and 200mm wide and are positioned on one side of the multifunctional teaching aid; the C steel sheet is 650mm long and 150mm wide and is positioned on the other side of the multifunctional teaching aid. The connecting lines of the central points of the three rigid pieces form a triangle, the connecting line of the central points of the E rigid piece and the D rigid piece is parallel to the long side of the E rigid piece, and the connecting line of the central points is 350 mm; the center distance between the C steel sheet and the D steel sheet is 455 mm; the distance between the centers of the C steel sheet and the E steel sheet is 455 mm. The rod pieces connecting the C rigid pieces and the D rigid pieces are not in the same plane with other rod pieces, and when the system deforms, the rod pieces do not interfere with each other.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the invention realizes various systems under different conditions by combining and connecting nodes at different positions on different rigid plates and rod pieces, utilizes the self gravity of the structure as load, finds out the displacement change of the structure by visual inspection, takes the instability deformation of the rod piece as an index for measuring the stress of the rod piece, can visually represent the stress characteristics and the displacement characteristics of different systems, and is very portable as a teaching aid and convenient for classroom use.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a panel;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the node positions of a two-rigid multifunctional teaching aid;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a case 1 of a two-rigid-piece multifunctional teaching aid used in a geometric constant system;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a two-steel-piece multifunctional teaching aid used in a geometric constant system 2;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a two-piece multifunctional teaching aid for geometric transient system conditions 1;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a two-steel-piece multifunctional teaching aid used in a geometric transient system situation 2;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a two-steel-piece multifunctional teaching aid for a geometry invariant system;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the node positions of a multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid plates;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a geometric transient system of a multifunctional teaching aid of three steel sheets under the infinite condition of three hinges;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of a geometric constant system of a three-steel sheet multifunctional teaching aid used in a three-hinge infinite situation;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a geometric invariant system of a three-rigid-piece multifunctional teaching aid used in a two-hinge infinite condition;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a geometric transient system of a three-rigid-piece multifunctional teaching aid used in a two-hinge infinite case;
FIG. 13 is a schematic view of a geometry variable system of a three-rigid-piece multi-functional teaching aid used in a two-hinge infinite case;
FIG. 14 is a schematic view of a geometry invariant system of a three-rigid-piece multi-function teaching aid for an infinite-distance hinge;
FIG. 15 is a schematic view of a geometric transient system of a three-steel-plate multifunctional teaching aid used in a hinged infinite condition;
FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a geometry variable system of a three-steel-plate multifunctional teaching aid for an infinite-distance hinge;
FIG. 17 is a schematic view of a geometry invariant system of a three-rigid-piece multi-function teaching aid for use in situations where none of the three joints is an infinite joint;
fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of a geometric transient system when the multifunctional teaching aid of the three-steel sheet is used for three-hinge without infinite hinge.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
A multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis comprises a two-steel sheet scheme or a three-steel sheet scheme; the multifunctional teaching aid can realize the transformation of a geometric variable system, a geometric constant system and a geometric transient system under different conditions.
In the scheme of the two rigid sheets, the plate surfaces of the two rigid sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane and are parallel to each other, the connecting line of the central points of the two rigid sheets is parallel to the short edge of the rigid sheet, and the connecting line of the central points is 350mm, as shown in fig. 2.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with two steel sheets comprises an A steel sheet, a B steel sheet and a rod piece, as shown in fig. 2, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established, and the unit of the plane rectangular coordinate system is mm; the A steel sheet is rectangular, is made of aluminum alloy materials, is 604mm long, 300mm wide and 6mm thick, and is provided with 6 nodes; the coordinates of the four corner points are (-302,0), (-302,150), (302, 150), and the coordinates of the node points are A1(-252,75), A2(-202,75), A3(-202,21), A4(0,75), A5(202,75) and A6(252, 75). The B rigid sheet is rectangular, is made of aluminum alloy materials, is 604mm long, 300mm wide and 6mm thick, and is provided with 5 nodes; coordinates of four corner points are (-302,350), (302,350), (302,500) and (302, 500), the aluminum alloy material is adopted, and the thickness is 6 mm; node coordinates B1(-202,425) B2(-50,425) B3(0,425) B4(50,425) B5(202,425). The rod piece is made of stainless steel materials, the thickness of the rod piece is 2mm, and the rigid piece is connected with the rod piece in a hinged mode.
When being used for the geometric constant system, the multifunctional teaching aid with two rigid pieces comprises two structures, and specifically comprises:
the A rigid sheet and the B rigid sheet are connected through three rod pieces, and two ends of each rod piece are respectively connected with the two rigid sheets; one end of each rod piece is connected to one point on one of the rigid pieces, and the other end of each rod piece is connected to three points at different positions on the other rigid piece. As shown in fig. 3, a2 and B3 are connected, a4 and B3 are connected, and a5 and B3 are connected.
The A rigid sheet and the B rigid sheet are connected through three rod pieces, one rigid sheet is connected with one uniform end of each rod piece, and the other rigid sheet is connected with the other rigid sheet; the three rods are parallel and equal in length, as shown in fig. 4, a2 and B1 are connected, a4 and B3 are connected, and a5 and B5 are connected.
When being used for geometric transient system, the multifunctional teaching aid with two rigid pieces comprises two structures, and specifically comprises:
the two rigid pieces are connected through three rod pieces, one rigid piece is connected with one uniform end of each rod piece, and the other rigid piece is connected with the other rigid piece; one end of each rod piece is connected to three points at different positions of one of the rigid pieces, the other end of each rod piece is connected to three points at different positions of the other rigid piece, and the extension lines of the three rod pieces intersect at one point; as shown in fig. 5, a1 and B2 are connected, a4 and B3 are connected, and a6 and B4 are connected.
The two rigid pieces are connected through three rod pieces, one rigid piece is connected with one uniform end of each rod piece, the other rigid piece is connected with the other rigid piece, and the three rod pieces are parallel to each other but are unequal in length; as shown in fig. 6, A3 and B1 are connected, a4 and B3 are connected, and a5 and B5 are connected.
When being used for a geometric invariant system, the multifunctional teaching aid with two steel sheets specifically comprises the following components:
the two rigid pieces are connected through three rod pieces, one rigid piece is connected with one uniform end of each rod piece, and the other rigid piece is connected with the other rigid piece; two of the three rod pieces are intersected at one point or the extension lines of the two rod pieces are intersected at one point, and the intersection point is not positioned on the other rod piece or the extension line of the other rod piece; as shown in fig. 7, a1 and B2 are connected, a4 and B3 are connected, and a5 and B5 are connected.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three steel sheets comprises a C steel sheet, a D steel sheet, an E steel sheet and a rod piece, a plane rectangular coordinate system is established as shown in fig. 8. The C steel sheet is rectangular, coordinates of four corner points are (-325,0), (325,150), (325, 150), and the C steel sheet is made of an aluminum alloy material and has the thickness of 6 mm; the node coordinates C1(-275,122) C2(-225,122) C3(-50,122) C4(50,122) C5(225,122) C6(275,122) C7(-50,75) C8(50, 75). The D rigid sheet is rectangular, coordinates of four corner points are (-325,395), (-25, 395), (-25,595), (-325, 595), and is made of an aluminum alloy material and has the thickness of 6 mm; the node coordinates D1(-275,565) D2(-175,565) D3(-275,495) D4(-175,495) D5(-275,425) D6(-209,425) D7(-175,425) D8(-50,425). The E steel sheet is rectangular, the coordinates of four corner points are (325,395), (25, 395), (25,595), (325, 595), and the E steel sheet is made of an aluminum alloy material and has the thickness of 6 mm; node coordinates E1(275,565) E2(175,565) E3(275,495) E4(175,495) E5(275,425) E6(209,425) E7(175,425) E8(50,425). The rigid sheets and the rod pieces are connected in a hinged mode.
In the scheme of the three steel sheets, the plate surfaces of the three steel sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane, and the D steel sheet and the E steel sheet are 300mm long and 200mm wide and are positioned on one side of the multifunctional teaching aid; the C steel sheet is 650mm long and 150mm wide and is positioned on the other side of the multifunctional teaching aid. The connecting lines of the central points of the three rigid pieces form a triangle, the connecting line of the central points of the E rigid piece and the D rigid piece is parallel to the long side of the E rigid piece, and the connecting line of the central points is 350 mm; the center distance between the C steel sheet and the D steel sheet is 455 mm; the distance between the centers of the C steel sheet and the E steel sheet is 455 mm. The rod pieces connecting the C rigid pieces and the D rigid pieces are not in the same plane with other rod pieces, and when the system deforms, the rod pieces do not interfere with each other.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with the three rigid pieces is used for a geometric transient system under the condition of infinite three-hinge, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces, wherein the rod pieces for connecting the two rigid pieces are parallel to each other but are unequal in length. As shown in fig. 9, D2 and E2 are linked, D3 and E3 are linked, C1 and D5 are linked, C7 and D8 are linked, C8 and E8 are linked, and C6 and E5 are linked.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid pieces is used for a geometric constant system under the condition of infinite triple hinge, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other and have equal length, and the other group does not need to do so. As shown in fig. 10, D2 and E2 are connected, D4 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C3 and D8 are connected, C4 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three steel sheets is used for a geometric invariant system under the condition of infinite two hinges, every two steel sheets in the three steel sheets are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other, but the two groups of parallel rod pieces are not parallel to each other; the third set of rods connecting the two rigid plates are not parallel to each other. As shown in fig. 11, D2 and E2 are linked, D3 and E3 are linked, C1 and D5 are linked, C2 and D8 are linked, C8 and E8 are linked, and C6 and E5 are linked.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three steel sheets is used for a geometric transient system under the condition of infinite two hinges, every two steel sheets in the three steel sheets are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other but are not equal in length; the third set of rods connecting the two rigid plates are not parallel to each other. As shown in fig. 12, D2 and E2 are connected, D7 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C7 and D8 are connected, C8 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid pieces is used for a geometric constant system under the condition of infinite two hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel and equal in length, and one group of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel. As shown in fig. 13, D2 and E2 are linked, D7 and E4 are linked, C1 and D5 are linked, C3 and D8 are linked, C4 and E8 are linked, and C6 and E5 are linked.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid pieces is used for a geometric invariant system under the condition of infinite distance, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, two bar members which are connected with the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel, two bar members which are connected with the two rigid pieces are not parallel, and the intersection connecting line of the two bar members which are not parallel is not parallel with the other parallel bar member. As shown in fig. 14, D4 and E2 are linked, D7 and E4 are linked, C1 and D5 are linked, C2 and D8 are linked, C5 and E8 are linked, and C6 and E5 are linked.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three steel sheets is used for a geometric transient system under the condition of infinite distance, every two steel sheets in the three steel sheets are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, two bar members which are connected with the two rigid pieces are parallel to each other, two bar members which are connected with the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting line of the two bar members which are not parallel is parallel to but not equal to the other parallel bar member. As shown in fig. 15, D2 and E2 are connected, D3 and E3 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C2 and D8 are connected, C5 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected.
When the multifunctional teaching aid with three rigid pieces is used for a geometric variable system under the condition of infinite distance, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, two member bars of a group connecting two rigid sheets are parallel to each other, two member bars of two groups connecting two rigid sheets are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting line of the two non-parallel member bars is parallel to and equal to the other parallel member bar. As shown in fig. 16, D1 and E1 are linked, D3 and E3 are linked, C1 and D5 are linked, C2 and D8 are linked, C5 and E8 are linked, and C6 and E5 are linked.
The multifunctional teaching aid is characterized in that when the three rigid pieces are used for a geometric invariant system under the condition that the three hinges are not infinite hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces, wherein the two rod pieces for connecting the two rigid pieces in three groups are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting lines of the three groups of rod pieces are not collinear. As shown in fig. 17, D2 and E2 are linked, and D7 and E4 are linked; c1 and D5, C2 and D8; c5 and E8, and C6 and E5.
The multifunctional teaching aid of three rigid pieces is used for geometric transient system under the condition that three hinges are not infinite, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rods, wherein two rods for connecting the two rigid pieces in three groups are not parallel to each other, and the intersection point connecting lines of the three groups of rods are collinear. As shown in fig. 18, D2 and E2 are connected, and D7 and E4 are connected; c1 and D5, C7 and D6; c8 and E6, and C6 and E5.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any person skilled in the art should also cover the protection scope of the present invention by replacing or changing the technical solutions and inventive concepts equally within the technical scope of the invention described in the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. A multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanics geometric composition analysis is characterized by comprising a rectangular C steel sheet, a rectangular D steel sheet, a rectangular E steel sheet and a rod piece; the plate surfaces of the three steel sheets are positioned in the same vertical plane, the length of the D steel sheet and the width of the E steel sheet are 300mm and 200mm, the D steel sheet and the E steel sheet are positioned on one side of the multifunctional teaching aid, and the length of the C steel sheet is 650mm and the width of the C steel sheet is 150mm, and the C steel sheet is positioned on the other side of the multifunctional teaching aid; the connecting lines of the central points of the three rigid pieces form a triangle, the connecting line of the central points of the E rigid piece and the D rigid piece is parallel to the long side of the E rigid piece, and the length of the connecting line is 350 mm; the distances between the centers of the C steel sheet and the D steel sheet are 455 mm; the rigid sheets and the rod pieces are all connected in a hinged mode;
taking the center of the long side below the C steel sheet as the center of a plane rectangular coordinate system, taking the long side as the x-axis direction, and establishing the plane rectangular coordinate system with the unit of mm; the C steel sheet is made of aluminum alloy material, the thickness is 6mm, the coordinates of four corners are (-325,0), (-325,150), (325, 150), and the coordinates of nodes are C1(-275,122), C2(-225,122), C3(-50,122), C4(50,122), C5(225,122), C6(275,122), C7(-50,75) C8(50, 75); the D steel sheet is rectangular and is made of aluminum alloy material, the thickness is 6mm, the coordinates of four corners of the D steel sheet are (-325,395), (-25, 395), (-25,595), (-325, 595), and the coordinates of nodes are D1(-275,565), D2(-175,565), D3(-275,495), D4(-175,495), D5(-275,425), D6(-209,425), D7(-175,425) and D8(-50,425); the E steel sheet is made of an aluminum alloy material and has the thickness of 6 mm; the coordinates of four corner points are (325,395), (25, 395), (25,595), (325, 595), and the coordinates of nodes are E1(275,565), E2(175,565), E3(275,495), E4(175,495), E5(275,425), E6(209,425), E7(175,425), E8(50,425);
the multifunctional teaching aid can realize the transformation of a geometric variable system, a geometric constant system and a geometric transient system under different conditions;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric transient system under the condition of three hinges at infinity, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces, wherein the rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are parallel to each other but are unequal in length; d2 and E2 are connected, D3 and E3 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C7 and D8 are connected, C8 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric constant system under the condition of three hinges at infinity, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other and have equal length, and the other group does not need to do; d2 and E2 are connected, D4 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C3 and D8 are connected, C4 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric invariant system under the infinite conditions of two hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other, but the two groups of parallel rod pieces are not parallel to each other; the third group of rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other; d2 and E2 are connected, D3 and E3 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C2 and D8 are connected, C8 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric transient system under the condition of infinite two hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other but are not equal in length; the third group of rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other; d2 and E2 are connected, D7 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C7 and D8 are connected, C8 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric constant system under the infinite conditions of two hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other and have equal length, and one group of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other; d2 and E2 are connected, D7 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C3 and D8 are connected, C4 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric invariant system under the condition of infinite distance, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, a group of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are respectively parallel to each other, two groups of rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting line of the two groups of rod pieces which are not parallel to each other is not parallel to the other group of parallel rod pieces; d4 and E2 are connected, D7 and E4 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C2 and D8 are connected, C5 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric transient system under the infinite condition, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, a group of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are parallel to each other, two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting line of the two groups of non-parallel rod pieces is parallel to but not equal to the other group of parallel rod pieces; d2 and E2 are connected, D3 and E3 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C2 and D8 are connected, C5 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric variable system under the infinite condition, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces; wherein, a group of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are parallel to each other, two groups of two rod pieces connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and the intersection connecting line of the two groups of nonparallel rod pieces is parallel to and equal to the other group of parallel rod pieces; d1 and E1 are connected, D3 and E3 are connected, C1 and D5 are connected, C2 and D8 are connected, C5 and E8 are connected, and C6 and E5 are connected;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric invariant system under the condition that three hinges are not infinite hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces, wherein three groups of two rod pieces for connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and intersection connecting lines of the three groups of rod pieces are not collinear; d2 and E2 are connected, and D7 and E4 are connected; c1 and D5, C2 and D8; c5 and E8, C6 and E5;
when the multifunctional teaching aid is used for a geometric transient system under the condition that three hinges are not infinite hinges, every two rigid pieces in the three rigid pieces are connected through two rod pieces, wherein three groups of two rod pieces for connecting the two rigid pieces are not parallel to each other, and intersection point connecting lines of the three groups of rod pieces are collinear; d2 and E2 are connected, and D7 and E4 are connected; c1 and D5, C7 and D6; c8 and E6, and C6 and E5.
2. The multifunctional teaching aid for structural mechanical geometrical composition analysis according to claim 1, wherein the C steel sheet, the D steel sheet and the E steel sheet are all made of aluminum alloy materials; the rod piece is made of stainless steel materials, and the thickness of the rod piece is 2 mm.
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