CN1064084C - Process for producing a reduction gas for reduction of metal ore - Google Patents
Process for producing a reduction gas for reduction of metal ore Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1064084C CN1064084C CN97196268A CN97196268A CN1064084C CN 1064084 C CN1064084 C CN 1064084C CN 97196268 A CN97196268 A CN 97196268A CN 97196268 A CN97196268 A CN 97196268A CN 1064084 C CN1064084 C CN 1064084C
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- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- reducing gas
- gas
- pipe
- reduction
- reducing
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Abstract
In a process for producing a hot reduction gas containing Co and H2 for reducing nubby metal ore, particularly iron ore, the reduction gas is formed by gasification of carbon-containing materials, particularly coal, under addition of oxygen in a gasification zone and subsequently cooled to a reduction gas temperature conducive to the reduction process. To produce a reduction gas of greater thermodynamic stability, H2O and/or CO2 are added to eliminate the Boudouard and heterogeneous water gas reaction and teh concomitant warming of the reduction gas.
Description
The present invention relates to produce and be used to reduce the method for reducing gas of block metallic ore, especially iron ore, wherein, in the gasification zone, by taking place, carbon support, especially coal gasification form this reducing gas under the condition of oxygen supply, then this reducing gas is cooled to and is convenient to the reducing gas temperature that reduction process is used, the present invention also relates to the equipment of this method of enforcement.
The method of described type is such as learning from DE-C-3034539 and EP-B-0114040 during beginning.Use these known methods, by in the fusion and gasification district, be provided with the melting under the condition of carbon support and oxygen-containing gas, by being obtained the pre-product of the pig iron or steel by the sponge iron of prereduction, contain CO and H but also generate to small part
2Reducing gas.The temperature of the reducing gas that forms in the fusion and gasification district is in 1000-1200 ℃ scope.Under this temperature, the hydrocarbons decompose that discharges.Simultaneously, based on this temperature, CO
2And H
2O changes CO and H into
2So their content is reduced to the CO below 6%
2With the H below 4%
2O.
For using in reduction reactor, this very hot reducing gas must cool off before being introduced into reduction reactor.According to DE-C-3034539, for this reason such as being provided with the spray cooler that links to each other with follow-up gas wash tower.Part is sneaked into the reducing gas that comes from the fusion and gasification district through such refrigerative reducing gas.This usefulness is similar carry out in the usual way through the refrigerative reducing gas, reducing gas is chilled to about 700-900 ℃ cooling, prevented that ore particles is reduced into melt just between its reduction period, in the reduction zone, but the reduction potential of reducing gas descended.
Disadvantageously, the reducing gas that cooled off like this is unstable on thermodynamics; Resemble the CO and the H that take place by heterogenetic water-gas balance
2Generate H
2The reaction of O and C is the same, generates CO by the Bao Shi balance by CO
2And C, this reaction also is thermopositive reaction with beginning described reaction the same.This raises the reducing gas temperature, thereby the shaft furnace charge-temperature is risen.Also will form conglomeration.Thereby not only reduction process is disturbed, and also influenced from the productive rate of the shaft furnace furnace charge of reduction zone.
By the known a kind of method of FR-A-2236951, the thermal reduction gas that wherein will in an electric furnace, form import one be located immediately at this electric furnace above reduction shaft furnace in, and when entering this reduction shaft furnace, cool off by blasting water, water vapor, carbonic acid gas, hydrocarbon or other heat-eliminating medium, so that stop the material conglomeration of containing metal oxide compound in reduction shaft furnace.CO in the cooled reducing gas like this
2-and H
2O content is higher relatively.
In FR-A-766167, chat and a kind of method, wherein the thermal reduction gas that will form in a fusion apparatus directly imports in the reduction chamber, wherein in the vault district of this reduction apparatus, promptly before importing the reduction chamber, or by importing removed behind the carbonic acid the exhausted reducing gas or by importing the mixture of forming by carbonic acid or water vapor and carbon, make said thermal reduction gas cooling, so that avoid feeding intake conglomeration in the reduction chamber.
The present invention is intended to avoid these not enough and difficult, its purpose is, the equipment of those class methods of addressing when beginning is provided and enforcement this method, it can produce the reducing gas of its temperature in helping metallic ore reductive scope, thereby the temperature that just makes reducing gas is lower than such temperature, under this temperature, in the metallic ore of partial reduction incipient melting and obstruction situations such as (conglomeration formation) can be taken place at least.In addition, will avoid the metallic substance in the gas delivery system, be the chemical erosion of reactor and gas pipe line, internals etc.
Those class methods of the time addressing with beginning have reached this purpose: for preventing Bao Shi reaction and heterogeneous water-solid/liquid/gas reactions, and produce therefrom to reducing gas thereby also be heating to metallic ore, by adding H
2O and/or CO
2, be not by in reducing gas, adding H with a kind of the experience
2O/CO
2The refrigerative reducing gas that is caused changes reducing gas comparatively stable under the temperature of reducing gas, on thermodynamics into.
By on purpose adding H
2O and/or CO
2, just on purpose influenced or stoped reductive agent CO and H
2The decomposition that caused by thermodynamic condition.Adjust the concentration range of reducing gas, under this concentration, can suppress the Bao Shi reaction and the heterogeneous water-solid/liquid/gas reactions of strong heat release, thereby, the excessive rising of reducing gas temperature can not take place.Meanwhile, the degree of oxidation of reducing gas is controlled, the chemical erosion of metallic substance is suppressed with this method.
Advantageously, H
2O and/or CO
2Add-on make till helping almost reaching the Bao Shi and heterogeneous water-gas balance of reducing gas under the temperature of reduction reaction.
Can be by adding similar cooling gas, stock gas and/or H
2O and/or CO
2The cooling of carrying out reducing gas is desirable.
Add H by adding water vapor
2O reaches and contains CO by adding
2Gas add CO
2Suit.
According to a preferable embodiment, with CO
2Infeeding reducing gas can carry out at least in part like this: the reducing gas that will react in the reduction process of metallic ore, be that so-called stock gas infeeds in this reducing gas.Other contain CO
2Gas, as from CO
2The gas of scavenging process is also available.
For reaching strong cooling to reducing gas, with similar, as being useful from known the sneaking into the reducing gas of prior art through the refrigerative reducing gas, and H
2O and/or CO
2Then be added in refrigerative reducing gas and/or reducing gas from the heat of gasifying reactor.
The equipment that is used to implement this method comprises at least one reduction reactor, it has the metallic ore transfer lime and the reducing gas conduit that stretches into wherein that stretch into wherein, this equipment also comprises a gasifying reactor, it has the carbon support transfer lime of stretching in wherein and oxygen-containing gas transfer lime and a reducing gas conduit of therefrom deriving, and have one be located in the reducing gas conduit, be not by in reducing gas, adding H
2O/CO
2And cause refrigerative refrigerating unit, this equipment to be characterised in that, a CO
2Source and/or H
2The O source is used to carry the reducing gas pipe circulation of having experienced a kind of refrigerative reducing gas to link to each other with this.
It is useful that reduction reactor is provided with the stock gas delivery pipe that a reducing gas that will react takes away, and tells an arm that links to each other with the circulation of reducing gas pipe from this pipe.
The feature of another embodiment preferred is, a reducing gas recirculation pipe is arranged from the reducing gas pipe, stretch into this reducing gas conduit again through a washer and a compressor, but see along the gas flow direction, be that the upstream of in the upstream section of the drop of reducing gas recirculation pipe, especially being located at the cleaning apparatus in the reducing gas pipe is stretched into, its feature also is, CO
2Source and/or H
2The O source links to each other with the circulation of reducing gas conduit.
Describe the present invention in detail referring now to diagrammatically shown embodiment in the accompanying drawings, wherein accompanying drawing has schematically shown a useful form of implementation of present device.
From the top, via e Foerderanlage such as transfer lime 2, through a flashboard system (not shown) randomly together in company with flux material, the iron ore with massive iron ore and/or pelletizingization under the condition that forms moving-bed is added in first shaft furnace that forms reduction reactor 1.
Term " moving-bed " is interpreted as a kind of materials flow of moving continuously, and its particle that moves contacts with reducing gas stream.The streams that utilization moves down continuously because of gravity is desirable.
Without shaft furnace 1, also be feasible and make reduction reactor with the reactor of Tape movement fire grate or rotary pipe type kiln.
Shaft furnace 1 communicates with melting gasifier 3, in gasifier 3, forms reducing gas by solid carbon carrier such as coal and oxygen-containing gas, and it is through pipeline 4 and randomly be located at gas-cleaning installation 4 ＇ in the pipeline 4 by for toward shaft furnace 1, installs 4 ＇ and is used for doing dedusting.
Melting gasifier 3 has device 5, oxygen-containing gas transfer lime 6 and the pipeline 7 randomly of supply solid carbon carrier, and pipeline 7 is used for supply and at room temperature is liquid state or gasiform carbon support such as hydro carbons and burnt flux.In melting gasifier 3 inside, molten iron 9 and slag 10 come together in fusion and gasification district 8 below, and discharge through discharge outlet 11.
With burnt flux in the reduction zone 12 that coexists, the transfer lime 13 of the iron ore that in reduction zone 12, has been reduced into sponge iron through shaft furnace 1 is linked to each other with melting gasifier 3, as by screw feeder etc. and be introduced into.The furnace top gas delivery pipe 14 that will be used for being emitted on the furnace top gas that reduction zone 12 forms by reducing gas links to each other with the top of shaft furnace 1.
The stock gas of extracting out through stock gas delivery pipe 14 at first purifies in washer 15, so that make it not contain dust granules and reduction vapour content as far as possible fully, so that further utilize later on.
A part reducing gas via fly-ash separator 16, again the recirculation conduit through being provided with compressor 18 17 again recirculation get back in the pipeline 4, so that, especially it is chilled to (about 700-900 ℃) in the temperature range that helps the reduction process in the shaft furnace 1 making the reducing gas that is under the very hot state before it enters gas-cleaning installation 4 ＇, obtain adjusting from melting gasifier 3.
Label 19 indicates most important site in aforesaid device, can be with useful especially mode and CO in these positions
2Source and/or H
2The O source connects, particularly infeed and contain CO
2And/or H
2The gas of O, their effect will be done to explain fully with reference to embodiment II-IV hereinafter.Infeed site 19 and both can be positioned at, also can be positioned at reducing gas-cooling loop 16,17,18 on melting gasifier 3 and the pipeline 4 that reduction reactor 1 links to each other.If infeed the downstream portion that site 19 is positioned at the compressor 18 of cooling loop 16,17,18, then produce some advantages, can be less as compressor 18, and because the existing H that is infeeded of the heated gas of compression
2O and/or CO
2Cooling.
Effect with reference to the above-mentioned measure among embodiment I-IV explanation the present invention.1 of embodiment describes prior art.All listed in gasometry numerical value are all represented with volume percent.The embodiment I:
List in the table I by prior art as the analytical value of the reducing gas that produces by EP-B-0114040.This reducing gas with 1050 ℃ temperature 4.5 * 10
5Leave melting gasifier 3 under pascal (definitely) pressure.It will be used to reducing iron ore.
The table I
CO 65％
H
2 30％
CO
2 1％
H
2O 1％
CH
4 1％
N
2 2％
For reaching about 850 ℃ reducing gas temperature, cooling gas must be sneaked in this reducing gas.Pressing the embodiment I, is 70 ℃ with temperature, and pressure also is 4.5 * 10
5Pascal's (definitely) similar cooling gas is sneaked into wherein.For reaching 850 ℃ temperature, must sneak into 27.8% cooling gas.Therefore produce following shortcoming:
Need a large amount of cooling gases, in other words, must tell the thermal reduction gas of major part, and stand refrigerating work procedure, this relates to the considerable expense of energy and equipment aspect.
CO
2And H
2The total content of O and this equation are incompatible, thereby after mixing, CO and H
2Supplying in the way of shaft furnace 1, to press reaction formula respectively
(Bao Shi reaction) and
(heterogeneous water-solid/liquid/gas reactions) decomposition, this decomposition all are strong heat releases.Thereby this rises temperature, and must further be provided with cooling gas.This temperature rises and makes the shaft furnace furnace charge form agglomerate.Also has the chemical erosion of the internals that the pipeline of further conveying reducing gas etc. is made of metal.In addition, because CO and H
2This reaction, be used for reductive gas significant quantity and descend.
The embodiment II:
Being provided with temperature to the reducing gas of chemical constitution shown in the table I is 70 ℃, pressure 4.5 * 10
5Handkerchief (definitely) be rich in CO
2Gas.This richness CO
2The analytical value of gas be shown in the table II
The table II
CO 13％
H
2 2％
CO
2 77％
H
2O 5％
CH
4 1％
N
2 2％
Add rich CO shown in the table II of 12.3% similar gas and 10.7% by pressing the embodiment I
2In the reducing gas of gas in the table I, it is 850 ℃ that the result obtains temperature, pressure 4.5 * 10
5Handkerchief (definitely), chemical constitution are shown in the reducing gas of table III.
The table III
CO 60．5％
H
2 27．5％
CO
2 7．6％
H
2O 1．4％
CH
4 1．0％
N
2 2．0％
In this reducing gas, CO
2And H
2The equilibrium value of the total content of O during near 850 ℃, thus CO and H can almost completely be avoided
2Decomposition.According to accompanying drawing, with this rich CO
2Gas infeed in the cooling gas loop, as infeed in the recirculating line 17.Can know that it is possible that the size of cooling loop is greatly reduced, as adding 12.3% rather than add 27.8% cooling gas by the embodiment I.Press the embodiment II, suitably utilize low-calorie gas, as rich CO
2Gas be feasible.When the reducing gas reducing iron ore of adjusting like this with process, avoided excessive heating reliably to the shaft furnace furnace charge, the furnace charge that is reduced can lead to melting gasifier 3 without difficulty continuously.
The embodiment III:
By this embodiment, will from the shaft furnace I, extract out, through suitably purifying, cool off and compressing 70 ℃ and 4.5 * 10
5The stock gas of handkerchief (definitely) is sneaked in the reducing gas that comes from melting gasifier 3.The chemical analysis of this stock gas is shown in the table IV.
The table IV
CO 42％
H
2 19％
CO
2 34％
H
2O 2％
CH
4 1％
N
2 2％
By sneak into 23.3% stock gas to this reducing gas, formation temperature is 850 ℃, pressure 4.5 * 10
5The gaseous mixture of handkerchief (definitely), its chemical analysis is shown in the table V.At this moment, CO
2And H
2The total amount of O is also near balance, thereby also almost completely avoided Bao Shi and heterogeneous water-solid/liquid/gas reactions this moment.
The table V
CO 60．6％
H
2 27．9％
CO
2 7．3％
H
2O 1．2％
CH
4 1．0％
N
2 2．0％
Press the embodiment III, same, cooling from the required gas volume of the reducing gas of melting gasifier 3 less than the aequum of pressing embodiment 1.Via stretching to pipe 4 arm 20 from stock gas delivery pipe 14 and randomly furnace top gas sneaked into pipe 4 or 17 through infeeding site 19, described arm flow through compressor 21 and a suitable refrigerating unit.
The embodiment IV:
According to the embodiment IV, with H
2O steam is mixed mutually with similar cooling gas.Chemical constitution given among the chemical constitution that comes from the reducing gas of melting gasifier 3 and cooling gas and the embodiment 1 is identical.
In 250 ℃ temperature and 12 * 10
5Sneak into steam (100% water) under the pressure of handkerchief (definitely).When with 18% cooling gas when 8.5% water vapor mixes mutually, formation temperature is 850 ℃, pressure 4.5 * 10
5The reducing gas of handkerchief (definitely).The chemical analysis results of this reducing gas is shown in the table VI.
The table VI
CO 60．7％
H
2 28．0％
CO
2 0．9％
H
2O 7．6％
CH
4 0．9％
N
2 1．9％
This work-around solution also has the advantage that can build the cooling gas loop by little scale, because CO
2And H
2The total content of O is roughly near balance.The other advantage that produces owing to this change is the amount slight change of reductive agent.
Claims (11)
1. produce be used to reduce block metallic ore, contain CO and H
2The method of thermal reduction gas, wherein, in gasification zone (8), by under the condition of oxygen supply, making the carbon support generating gasification form reducing gas, then this reducing gas is cooled to the reducing gas temperature that helps reduction process, it is characterized in that, for preventing Bao Shi reaction and heterogeneous water-solid/liquid/gas reactions and the heating that produces therefrom, by adding H reducing gas
2O and/or CO
2, be not by in reducing gas, adding H with a kind of the experience
2O/CO
2The refrigerative reducing gas that is caused is transformed under this reducing gas temperature comparatively stable reducing gas on the thermodynamics.
2. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said reguline metal ore is an iron ore.
3. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, said carbon support is a coal.
4. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, H
2O and/or CO
2Add-on will under helping the temperature of reduction process, almost reach Bao Shi-and heterogeneous water-gas balance the time till.
5. the method for claim 1 is characterized in that, steam adds H by watering
2O.
6. each method among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that, by being provided with containing CO
2Gas adds CO
2
7. the method for claim 6 is characterized in that, the reducing gas that will react in the reduction process of metallic ore (for example stock gas) infeeds in this reducing gas.
8. each method among the claim 1-5 is characterized in that, will sneak in this reducing gas through chilled similar reducing gas, and with H
2O and/or CO
2Add this in chilled similar reducing gas.
9. be used for implementing each the equipment of method of claim 1-8, it comprises at least one reduction reactor (1), reactor (1) has the pipeline (4) of stretching in pipeline wherein, the transferring metal ore (2) and carrying reducing gas, and comprise gasifying reactor (3), reactor (3) has stretches in supply pipe wherein, that be used for carbon support and oxygen-containing gas (5,6), and from (3), draw reducing gas pipe (4), and have one be located in the reducing gas conduit (4), be not by in reducing gas, adding H
2O/CO
2And cause the refrigerative refrigerating unit, it is characterized in that CO
2Source and/or H
2The O source links to each other with being used to carry reducing gas pipe (4) circulation of having experienced a kind of refrigerative reducing gas.
10. the equipment of claim 9 is characterized in that, reduction reactor (1) is provided with the stock gas delivery pipe (14) of the reducing gas discharge that will react, draws an arm (20) that flows and link to each other with reducing gas pipe (4) from pipe (14).
11. the equipment of claim 10, it is characterized in that, reducing gas recirculation pipe (17) is from reducing gas pipe (4), through a washer (16) and compressor (18), stretching in the reducing gas pipe (4) again, but see along gas flow direction, is that a upstream section in the upstream section of the branching-point of reducing gas recirculation pipe (17), especially being located at the cleaning apparatus (4 ＇) in the reducing gas pipe (4) stretches into pipe (4), its feature also is, CO
2Source and or H
2Flow with reducing gas recirculation pipe (17) and link to each other in the O source.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| AUA1227/1996 | 1996-07-10 | ||
| AUA1227/96 | 1996-07-10 | ||
| AUPO1227A AUPO122796A0 (en) | 1996-07-25 | 1996-07-25 | Mac's mini spit |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1225139A CN1225139A (en) | 1999-08-04 |
| CN1064084C true CN1064084C (en) | 2001-04-04 |
Family
ID=3795542
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN97196268A Expired - Lifetime CN1064084C (en) | 1996-07-10 | 1997-07-09 | Process for producing a reduction gas for reduction of metal ore |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN1064084C (en) |
| AU (1) | AUPO122796A0 (en) |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| MX342740B (en) | 2007-09-18 | 2016-10-10 | Uhde Gmbh | Gasification reactor and method for entrained-flow gasification. |
| CN112143847A (en) * | 2019-06-26 | 2020-12-29 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method and device for adjusting vault temperature and coal gas yield in total oxygen smelting reduction iron-making process |
| CN111218535A (en) * | 2020-03-15 | 2020-06-02 | 苏亚杰 | Method for producing direct reduced iron by heating circulating reducing gas in gas production of molten iron bath coal |
Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR766167A (en) * | 1933-01-02 | 1934-06-22 | Lindes Eismaschinen Ag | Manufacturing process of cast iron or steel |
| FR2236951A1 (en) * | 1973-05-17 | 1975-02-07 | Linder Rolf | |
| FR2272177A1 (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-12-19 | Krupp Gmbh | |
| JPS5858206A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Controlling method for temperature of reducing gas in production of pig iron |
| EP0122239A2 (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1984-10-17 | Ips Interproject Service Ab | Process of producing pig iron from iron ore concentrate |
| EP0179734A2 (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-04-30 | Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process and apparatus for making sponge iron, especially pig iron |
| US5185032A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-02-09 | Fior De Venezuela | Process for fluidized bed direct steelmaking |
-
1996
- 1996-07-25 AU AUPO1227A patent/AUPO122796A0/en not_active Abandoned
-
1997
- 1997-07-09 CN CN97196268A patent/CN1064084C/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FR766167A (en) * | 1933-01-02 | 1934-06-22 | Lindes Eismaschinen Ag | Manufacturing process of cast iron or steel |
| FR2236951A1 (en) * | 1973-05-17 | 1975-02-07 | Linder Rolf | |
| FR2272177A1 (en) * | 1974-05-22 | 1975-12-19 | Krupp Gmbh | |
| JPS5858206A (en) * | 1981-09-30 | 1983-04-06 | Sumitomo Metal Ind Ltd | Controlling method for temperature of reducing gas in production of pig iron |
| EP0122239A2 (en) * | 1983-03-02 | 1984-10-17 | Ips Interproject Service Ab | Process of producing pig iron from iron ore concentrate |
| EP0179734A2 (en) * | 1984-10-12 | 1986-04-30 | Deutsche Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau Gmbh | Process and apparatus for making sponge iron, especially pig iron |
| US5185032A (en) * | 1992-05-26 | 1993-02-09 | Fior De Venezuela | Process for fluidized bed direct steelmaking |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| AUPO122796A0 (en) | 1996-08-15 |
| CN1225139A (en) | 1999-08-04 |
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| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
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Address after: Linz, Austria Patentee after: SIEMENS Metal Technology Asset Management Co.,Ltd. Address before: Linz, Austria Patentee before: SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GmbH Address after: Linz, Austria Patentee after: SIEMENS VAI METALS TECHNOLOGIES GmbH Address before: Linz, Austria Patentee before: Voest-Alpine Industrieanlagenbau GmbH |
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| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20170125 Address after: Linz, Austria Patentee after: PRIMETALS TECHNOLOGIES AUSTRIA GmbH Address before: Linz, Austria Patentee before: SIEMENS Metal Technology Asset Management Co.,Ltd. |
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Granted publication date: 20010404 |