CN106406415B - Multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure - Google Patents

Abstract

Multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure,Belong to electronic technology field,By lightning protection device,Prime protects start unit,Fast tripping protection unit,Centralized control unit,Failure warning unit,Three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit,Rear class protects door circuit,Rear class protection starts monitoring unit,Total current control unit,Monitoring start-up circuit collectively constitutes a kind of monitor set,Voltage stabilizing,Protect the protection power source being integrated,Current amplifier is made into PNP triode series connection in a power in the form of series connection,Form the monitoring at any time and protection to load,It is 2 points crucial to rectification output in circuit and voltage stabilizing output,It is monitored and protects,After the present invention is implemented,Either rectification exports,Voltage stabilizing exports,Load all actively warns in the event of failure,The warning effect that formation sound coexists with light,Every kind of failure sends different light,Identified easy to people,Safeguard in time,The protection of power supply is improved energetically.

Description

Multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure

Technical field

The invention belongs to electronic technology neck.

Background technology

Power supply is an ancient topic, because first day since having electronic circuit, the research to power supply is begun to, Because all electronic circuits, which all have to power supply, to work.

Power supply is also a fresh topic, because the today for development of making rapid progress in electronic technology, technology is constantly more Newly, it is necessary to adapt to the new power of the needs of various development.It is always the emphasis of society research so the research to power supply.

Source of stable pressure is the important part of electronic product, its performance it is excellent, be directly related to overall performance, so There are many outstanding regulated power supply integrated circuits, such as 78 series, 79 series etc. at present.Although these above-mentioned integrated series have Lot of advantages, but it is the needs that a kind of popular regulator circuit still cannot meet that current electronic product makes rapid progress. It for example, though this above-mentioned integrated regulator has protection, cannot monitor, can not realize monitoring and guarantor that light and sound coexists Shield.

Such as this enterprise had once applied for multiple products on equipment of ensuring public security.Requirement of the product of these equipment to power supply is just Very high, ordinary electrical home appliance will be significantly larger than by making excessive demands degree, be inefficient by traditional designing scheme.Reason is as follows：

First, power supply is often electric appliance, the keypoint part of most easy break-down.Particularly when thunderstorm season arrives, to general Long and deep friendship between two families electricity, can be prevented using power supply is pulled out, need the used time,（During if desired for seeing TV）, plug again.Otherwise can not see TV, it is indicative very strong, it can recover immediately, and class product of ensuring public security is relatively highly difficult, because after power supply is pulled out, is not easy directly perceived Remind, can only be by recalling, but the life of high rhythm is easily forgotten about, becomes security personnel's blank.

Although the 2, there is the product of arrester class now, tool understands, and it is difficult to buy that it, which is suctioned through within 100 volts, more not Say it is within 30 volts（78 present series, input voltage are only 30 volts）.

3rd, general household electrical appliances break down, easy to maintenance.But class product of ensuring public security is, it is necessary to pinpoint maintenance.And this maintenance, Need to race against time, therefore how to judge the position of generation of being out of order exactly, be power supply, or load.

4th, in addition to lightning stroke, the fluctuation of power grid, and easily cause the flimsy major reason of electronic product, therefore must Need stronger adaptability.

5th, it is more especially important to be, reliably and accurately protector can not be monitored.Present product, can only Simulated experiment is regularly carried out, to examine product to be now arranged in normal or abnormal condition, but this simulation is a kind of quilt The monitoring and inspection of dynamic formula, because this monitoring has number, not artificially being found once problematic energy active, so that Solve.

Occurrences in human life are both known about in the industry, if load is broken down, its supply voltage, can occur seriously to become with load total current Change, therefore the working status entirely loaded with inspection from can coming from the work change of power supply.In valuable instrument, have specially The instrument of door is observed, but such of high cost, it is difficult to is popularized.

But current most data introductions, technology main conditions are as follows：

1st, introducing for most data can only carry out electric current coarse monitoring（The monitoring being whether there is such as electric current）, such as the institute of attached drawing 3 Show.And monitored after cannot being amplified to the change of electric current, thus there is both sides deficiency, first, audio communication detection can not be drawn Signal, second, the precision of detection does not reach requirement.Its common circuit such as Fig. 3.

2nd, can only accomplish the monitoring and protection in a certain respect of certain point, can only such as realize to electric current, or voltage monitoring with Protection, and cannot accomplish comprehensive monitoring and protection that electric current and voltage coexists.

3rd, the monitoring or protection of fault zone one side can only be accomplished, in this way extraneous factor（Lightning stroke and alternating current）And cause Overvoltage protection, or the overcurrent protection caused by load-reason, but can not achieve and power supply is gone wrong and produced in itself Monitoring and protection,（Because power supply is often the key area that failure produces）, therefore cannot accomplish multiple faces, i.e. multiple spot A variety of protections are monitored jointly.

4th, the warning coexisted of light and sound is can not achieve in the effect of monitoring, thus it is indicative not strong, while maintenance personal The region of generation of being out of order can not rapidly and accurately be judged according to instruction.

5th, response is lacked soon, the threshold values of overvoltage protection is flexible adjustable line.

6th, the unification with price comprehensively, the unified circuit of a variety of advanced effects and operability are lacked.

For these reasons, so available data is difficult to solve the problems, such as 6 points proposed.

The content of the invention

To make up the deficiency of existing voltage stabilizing circuit function, means one of the invention are, by PNP triode in the form of series connection Series connection in a power, makees the effect of Current amplifier, monitoring at any time and protection to load is formed, second, to rectification in circuit Output and voltage stabilizing output are 2 points crucial, are monitored and protect, third, actively warning in the event of failure, what formation sound coexisted with light Warning effect, the purpose is to innovate a kind of monitor set, protection, voltage stabilizing one, and have the power circuit of a variety of bright spots, so that greatly Power circuit in electronic circuit abundant greatly, promotes the development of power electronics.

Institute's take measures of the present invention is.

1st, multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure is by lightning protection device, prime protection start unit, fast tripping protection unit, center Control unit, failure warning unit, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit, rear class protection door circuit, rear class protection start monitoring unit, total electricity Flow control unit, monitoring start-up circuit collectively constitute.

It is the protection power source that monitor set, voltage stabilizing, protection are integrated, its feature one is by PNP triode in the form of series connection Series connection in a power, makees the effect of Current amplifier, monitoring at any time and protection to load is formed, second, to rectification in circuit Output and voltage stabilizing output are 2 points crucial, are monitored and protect, third, actively warning in the event of failure, what formation sound coexisted with light Warning effect, every kind of failure send different light, are identified easy to people, safeguard in time.

Wherein：Lightning protection device is connected between rectification output and ground wire.

Three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit is made of three terminal regulator and balance diode：Two poles of ground connection termination balance of three terminal regulator The cathode of pipe, balances the anode ground wire of diode, and the output of three terminal regulator connects the current-limiting resistance in total current control unit Afterwards, the voltage output of multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure is become.

Prime protects start unit to be made of door voltage-stabiliser tube, startup resistance, OR gate diode：The anode of door voltage-stabiliser tube Rectification output is terminated, cathode termination starts one end of resistance, and the other end for starting resistance is followed by center controlling through OR gate diode The base stage of center control NPN pipes in unit processed.

Fast tripping protection unit by fast tripping protection it is silicon-controlled, triggering resistance form：The silicon-controlled anode of fast tripping protection connects rectification Output, triggering resistance are connected between the silicon-controlled anode of fast tripping protection and control pole, and the silicon-controlled cathode of fast tripping protection connects three ends The input of regulator circuit.

Centralized control unit is discharged by center control NPN pipes, center control PNP pipe, commissure resistance, two discharge resistances Resistance one, discharge resistance two, Derivative Feedback capacitance, feedback resistance, clamp diode composition：Commissure resistance is connected on center control Between the base stage of the collector of NPN pipes and center control PNP pipe, the collection of a termination center control PNP pipe of Derivative Feedback capacitance Electrode, the other end connect the base stage that feedback resistance controls NPN pipes to center, and the emitter of center control PNP pipe connects rectification output, in The heart controls the emitter ground line of NPN pipes, and discharge resistance one is connected between the collector and ground wire of center control PNP pipe, electric discharge Resistance two is connected between base stage and the ground wire of center control NPN pipes.

Failure warning unit is made of indicator light one, isolation resistance, speech sound device, and speech sound device is connected on center control PNP pipe Between collector and ground wire, the collector of center control PNP pipe connects one end of isolation resistance, another termination instruction of isolation resistance Lamp one arrives ground wire.

Rear class protects door circuit by adjustable door upper inclined resistance, upper protective resistance, adjustable door lower inclined resistance, current collection partially Electrode resistance, door triode composition；Rear class protection starts monitoring unit and starts silicon-controlled, indicator light two, control pole electricity by protection Resistance composition.

The output of one termination three terminal regulator of adjustable door upper inclined resistance, the other end connect inclined protective resistance to door three The base stage of pole pipe, collector resistance are connected between the output of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit and the collector of door triode, adjustable door Lower inclined resistance is connected between base stage and the emitter of door triode, and control electrode resistance is connected on emitter and the guarantor of door triode Between shield starts silicon-controlled control pole, the cathode of indicator light two connects the collector of center control NPN pipes, the anode of indicator light two Connect protection and start silicon-controlled anode, protection starts silicon-controlled minus earth line.

Total current control unit is made of PNP current monitorings pipe with current-limiting resistance；Monitor start-up circuit by startup resistance with Indicator light three forms.

Current-limiting resistance is connected between emitter and the base stage of PNP current monitoring pipes, and the emitter of PNP current monitoring pipes connects three The output of regulator circuit is held, starts the collector of a termination PNP current monitoring pipes of resistance, starts another termination instruction of resistance Lamp three controls the base stage of NPN pipes to center.

2nd, indicator light one, indicator light two, indicator light three are respectively the luminous tube of different colours.

Further illustrate：

First, multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure is realized to monitor three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit input end emphasis and said with what is protected It is bright.

1st, meaning.

Three terminal regulator is outstanding regulator circuit, but the drawback is that input voltage is not high, highest only has 36 volts, once mistake Pressure, will damage, thus the circuit is such as struck by lightning, or the outer circuit of alternating current surprisingly draws mainly for the extraneous protection formed outer intentionally The rise risen.Although there is arrester product in present market, it is difficult to buy to suction through product of the voltage below 100 volts, more not Say it is less than 36 volts of product.

2nd, the principle formed.

When rectification exports, that is to say the input of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit has higher voltage, and exceedes door voltage-stabiliser tube（Fig. 2 In 101）Voltage stabilizing threshold voltage after, prime protection start unit conducting, centralized control unit is acted on rapidly.

Since centralized control unit has strong positive feedback, thus response is exceedingly fast, and makes center control NPN pipes（In Fig. 2 301）Current collection extremely snowslide is lower, thus the fast tripping protection of clamper three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit input end is silicon-controlled（201 in Fig. 2）It is fast Speed cut-off, produce quick-break thus form protection.

Since center controls PNP pipe（303 in Fig. 2）During being changed into saturation from cut-off, which has electricity, institute To drive indicator light one to shine（503 in Fig. 2）, its speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）Sounding.

3rd, line feature is analyzed.

A, the resistance value being triggered since quick-break is silicon-controlled is very big, can be triggered in hundreds of K, as long as so good guarantor of debugging The resistance value of resistance is protected, leads to start silicon-controlled saturation or changes to saturation, due to silicon-controlled positive feedback, so controllable Silicon can be towards cut-off direction change.（Here it should be noted that being said on textbook, silicon-controlled cut-off condition is to work as anode current Can be to cut-off direction change during during reduction and less than maintenance electric current, but for one-way SCR, theory and practice all illustrates, will Silicon-controlled cathode is reduced to zero, can still make silicon-controlled towards cut-off direction change）, when the collector of center control NPN pipes For low level when, the silicon-controlled control pole of clamper fast tripping protection, so that the cathode dead electricity that fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled, therefore triode After silicon-controlled cooperation, response is rapid, forms fast tripping protection.

B, due to the strong positive feedback for being fed back to differential state of complementary circuit design, so having the advantage that：When When lightning stroke or overvoltage terminate, can recover automatically, because Derivative Feedback capacitance（312 in Fig. 2）With timeliness.If second, thunder Hit or overvoltage is is continuously transient state, but because there are positive feedback, will be delayed the time, further reduce punching Hit risk.Third, because feedback branch has two time constants of charge and discharge, within the two times are normal, center control PNP pipe is in the conduction state, so indicator light one has reaction with speech sound device instruction at this time, will not be produced because the over-pressed time is too short The failure of raw monitoring instruction.

C, due to the voltage stabilizing value of the door voltage-stabiliser tube one in the door branch of this part, can easily find, so The high meter of threshold value is flexible, can also very easily implement.

D, since center control PNP pipe has high-order output in upset, so the warning of light and sound is very reliable.

4th, lightning protection and the good measure explanation of overvoltage protection effect.

Over-pressed fast tripping protection is to form the over-pressed duplicate protection with lightning stroke with lightning protection device.Rectification output end is to being connected with lightning protection Device, when having lightning stroke, it shoves enters ground by speed, thus when there is lightning stroke, forms the protection for gushing pressure.

2nd, output terminal emphasis monitoring of the multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure to three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit and the mistake of protection point Press the explanation of quick-break monitoring and protection.

1st, meaning.

The protection is mainly a kind of protection for checking and being produced after three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit internal damage, if three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit Damage, its voltage stabilizing value exported inherently raise, then the serious harm of overvoltage is produced to load, due to being that power supply usually damage by failure Harmful keypoint part, it is therefore necessary to being individually monitored and protecting.

2nd, the principle formed.

After output end of pressure-stabilizing voltage raises, the threshold voltage that the continuously adjustable unit of threshold values is formed is broken through, and protection starts It is silicon-controlled（711 in Fig. 2）.Rapid saturation conduction, control NPN pipes in center in clamper centralized control unit（301 in Fig. 2）'s Base stage, makes the collector of center control NPN pipes rapidly to be low, so that clamper fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled（201 in Fig. 2）Control Pole, closes power supply, forms fast tripping protection, while center control PNP pipe（303 in Fig. 2）It is open-minded immediately, instruction one（In Fig. 2 503）With speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）Send warning.

Protection starts silicon-controlled saturation conduction, luminous tube two（712 in Fig. 2）It is powered, so there is light instruction.

（3）, line feature analysis.

The door of the point protection uses continuously adjustable triode analog circuit, so protective adaptation face is very wide.

By taking 78 series as an example, three end integrated stable voltage circuit voltage stabilizing values are different, as voltage stabilizing value has 5 volts, 6 volts, 8 volt 12 respectively Volt, so the standard of overvoltage is different.And corresponding zener diode is bad with this cooperation.Since three end integrated stable voltage circuits are defeated The threshold value of outlet protection branch is to employ continuously adjustable triode analog circuit, the door of its zener diode simulated Value selection is flexible and continuously adjustable, thus the standard of design protection can be formulated flexibly, can not be limited, it is possible to adapts to All three ends integrated stable voltage circuit.The principle of formation is, when door triode（704 in Fig. 2）Adjustable door upper inclined resistance （701 in Fig. 2）After resistance increase, partial pressure increases on the resistance, and the partial pressure of base stage and emitter is reduced, also due to three ends integrate surely The protection of volt circuit output terminal is silicon-controlled the positive feedback arranged by force, so protection is avalanche type, rapidly, protection is strong.

3rd, multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure realizes the explanation that emphasis monitoring and protection are formed to total current（6th, it is electric Flow monitoring unit）.

（1）, its meaning.

This monitoring is mainly with protection：With PNP current monitoring pipes（801 in Fig. 2）It has been linked to be a kind of special series connection （Circuit）Amplifying circuit.Since triode can be amplified the electric current of change, so prominent effect：First, have very high Sensitivity, second, can be monitored and protect to loading the failure occurred with the aspect of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit two, thus monitors and protects Shield is comprehensive.

（2）, formed principle.

Current-limiting resistance（802 in Fig. 2）It is to be connected between emitter and the base stage of PNP current monitoring pipes, can takes out The size variation situation of electric current.When the pressure drop of current-limiting resistance meets the forward bias of the pipe, the conducting of PNP current monitorings pipe, it collects Electrode has High voltage output, indicator light three（712 in Fig. 2）Light is sent, while encourages centralized control unit action upset.Center Control NPN pipes（301 in Fig. 2）Current collection extremely low level, opens center control PNP pipe（303 in Fig. 2）, perform diode（Figure 305 in 2）Clamper fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled（201 in Fig. 2）Control pole, make fast tripping protection silicon-controlled there is no output, together Shi Zhongxin control PNP pipe collector output current excitation speech sound devices（501 in Fig. 2）With indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）It is alert Show.

Here just explanation be PNP current monitorings pipe there is the pressure difference that a PN is saved, thus make three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit（Figure 601 in 2）Be output to the loss of voltage that a PN section is formd between voltage output, so connecing in three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit Ground terminal adds a balance diode more（602 in Fig. 2）, the voltage output of raising three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit output end, with PNP The PN sections of current monitoring pipe offset, so as to not produce the loss of voltage.

（3）, effect and characteristic analysis.

A, there is strong positive feedback by centralized control unit, so when being protected caused by overcurrent, in switching process In be " snowslide " formula, response is exceedingly fast.

B, monitor very sensitive.Amplified using PNP current monitorings pipe, there is very high sensitivity.Due to overcurrent monitoring and protection It is that a kind of important monitor involves a wide range of knowledge with protection, its failure, in terms of factor includes extraneous and internal cause two, after the combination using two pipes It exports the relation for foring "AND", can further avoid the error of monitoring and protection.

C, it is very accurate to monitor.Due to current-limiting resistance（802 in Fig. 2）Both end voltage more than 1.4 volts；Be two pipes just To after biasing, just there is output, otherwise without output, so making monitoring accurate and reliable with protecting.

D, there is extraneous factor due to generation electric current is excessive, electric current may diminish after extraneous Failure elimination, so Self-healing is capable of in instruction.

4th, the benefit explanation that indicator light coexists with speech sound device instruction at multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure three.

Because there is the sound, guardian very can receive warning message to inspiration, arouse attention.

The 2 points of overvoltage monitorings formed are monitored with total current, it is possible to are easily carried out analysis and be out of order with judgement Region.Wherein logic is as follows：

1st, during three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit malfunctions, indicator light two（712 in Fig. 2）With indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）, Can be glittering, while speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）The sound occurs.

2nd, when load circuit breaks down, indicator light three（812 in Fig. 2）Length is bright, while indicator light two is glittering, speech sound device The sound occurs.

3rd, rectifier output voltage is excessive, and indicator light is for a moment bright, while the sound occurs.

4th, recover after indicator light is glittering, represent that failure excludes automatically, tell feelings of the user there may be alternating current has fluctuation Condition, or outside line have certain failure.Need maintenance and inspection.

5th, because each indicator light sends the color difference of light, therefore judge it is which failure partly occurs very well, just Repaired in time in people.

The present invention has the advantages of following notable after implementing：

First, after the present invention is implemented, voltage stabilizing, monitoring are collected, protection is integrated, and three kinds of functions all have prominent performance. 2 points particularly formed（Rectification output end and output end of pressure-stabilizing）, two parameter（Voltage and electric current）, two effects（Light and sound）'s System monitoring and protection, are highly advanced.His largest benefit one is that have very strong protective effect, is greatly improved reliable Property.Second, and specific loads（Class of such as ensuring public security loads）After cooperation, pervious " passive inspection state " can be become to " actively discover State ", so having special meaning, so as to enrich the content of electronic circuit.

2nd, anti-thunder protecting effect spy is good.Because first, form multi-stage protection.Second, the response of anti-thunder is express, because NPN Pipe has very strong positive feedback with the PNP complementary amplifying circuits formed, so response is fast., can be with third, threshold voltage is flexibly adjustable Threshold voltage is neatly transferred to desirable value, can not be limited.

3rd, protective value is excellent.

1st, it is full-featured.It can realize the duplicate protection of voltage and electric current.

2nd, protection is tight.First, the failure factor such as overtension caused by extraneous factor can be formed and timely protected, Second, internal cause such as regulated power supply produced problem can be protected in time.（Because power supply is often the emphasis of failure）.Third, to internal cause The problem of load produces can be protected.

3rd, can be flexibly adjustable to the output terminal protection voltage output value of circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated, thus can be with the modern times three End regulator circuit is well matched with.

4th, Monitoring Performance is excellent.

First, monitoring display is comprehensive, optoacoustic is simultaneously deposited, indicative strong.This is to specific loads as equipment class of ensuring public security, meaning are very heavy Will, maintenance personnel can be made to actively discover problem.

Second, monitoring parameters are comprehensive, there is voltage, with electric current.

Third, monitoring point is comprehensive：Monitor and caused by extraneous factor, or caused by load faulty, or by regulated power supply Inside causes.（It is often the damageable keypoint part of equipment since power supply is in long-term "on" position, so the present invention is single Row）.

Fourth, the monitoring bright spot to electric current is more.

A, high sensitivity, because monitoring employs amplifying circuit, is more than the progress only to the presence or absence of electric current presence Monitoring, but can monitor the situation of change of electric current.

B, sensitivity is flexibly adjustable.Because current-limiting resistance is flexibly adjustable.

C, it is accurate and reliable.The reason is that current monitoring amplifier tube and overcurrent start the lower to being biased to for one of control pipe The comparison threshold value of a standard, starts when higher than this value, otherwise inoperative.

D, the effective voltage of rectification output end is lost less.Because passage employs diode branch, decompression loss is only 2.1 volt（During using two diodes）, current-limiting resistance is also only 1.4 volts（Because protection starts during higher than 1.4 volts）.

E, it is easy to judge that its rule of fault zone and reason is by the instruction of monitoring：

1st, during three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit malfunctions, indicator light two and indicator light one can be glittering, while speech sound device occurs The sound.

2nd, when load circuit breaks down, indicator light three is grown bright, while indicator light two is glittering, and the sound occurs in speech sound device.

3rd, rectifier output voltage is excessive, and indicator light is for a moment bright, while the sound occurs.

4th, recover after indicator light is glittering, represent that failure excludes automatically, tell feelings of the user there may be alternating current has fluctuation Condition, or outside line have certain failure.Need maintenance and inspection.

5th, voltage regulation result is good, because second level voltage stabilizing remains all excellent in performance of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit.It is secondly preceding Level triode base stage has integrating capacitor over the ground, and capacitance voltage is unable to transition, thus there are certain pressure stabilization function, is connected with the same time Pressure limiting voltage-stabiliser tube, so foring the voltage stabilizing coarse adjustment voltage stabilizing of the first order.

6th, there is broader adaptability than traditional regulated power supply, unexpected voltage is high occurring, and will not damage.And in electricity Lower ground side can also work normally pressure with the period.

7th, cheap, letter valency is than high, small, wide adaptability, and matching is strong.

8th, simple in circuits, easily production and debugging, reason one are because the debug point in circuit is few.Second, easily quantify very much. It is loose to debug scope, it is workable.

9th, this product can be used for the developmental research to new product, in the degradation to new product, observation to be new There are weak link for product that part.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the frame principle figure of multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2nd, lightning protection device；9th, voltage output；10th, prime protection start unit；20th, fast tripping protection Unit；30th, centralized control unit；50th, failure warning unit；60th, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit；70th, rear class protection door circuit；71、 Rear class protection starts monitoring unit；80th, total current control unit；81st, start-up circuit is monitored.

Fig. 2 is a kind of electronic component engineering philosophy figure of embodiment of multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure.

In figure：1st, rectification exports；2nd, lightning protection device；9th, voltage output；101st, door voltage-stabiliser tube；102nd, resistance is started；103、 OR gate diode；201st, fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled；202nd, resistance is triggered；301st, center control NPN pipes；302nd, commissure resistance； 303rd, center control PNP pipe；305th, clamp diode；311st, discharge resistance one；312nd, Derivative Feedback capacitance；313rd, feedback electricity Resistance；314th, discharge resistance two；501st, speech sound device；502nd, isolation resistance；503rd, indicator light one；601st, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit；602、 Balance diode；701st, adjustable door upper inclined resistance；702nd, upper inclined protective resistance；703rd, collector resistance；704th, three pole of door Pipe；705th, adjustable door lower inclined resistance；710th, electrode resistance is controlled；711st, protection starts silicon-controlled；712nd, indicator light two；801、 PNP current monitoring pipes；802nd, current-limiting resistance；811st, resistance is started；812nd, indicator light three.

Fig. 3 is the method figure of monitoring current used on specification.

In figure：901st, current input terminal；902nd, current output terminal；903rd, the zener diode of current channel；904th, shine Diode；905th, balance resistance.

By the elevated analogy method figure of output voltage when Fig. 4 is specification debugging three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit.

In figure：601st, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing circuit；602nd, diode is balanced；603rd, the upper inclined resistance newly increased；604th, newly increase Lower inclined resistance；605th, voltmeter.

Specific example of making

Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4 express a kind of example of making.

First, element is selected：Arrester selection breakdown voltage is the arrester within 100 volts；Fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled with protecting Shield startup is silicon-controlled all to select one-way SCR, and PNP current monitoring pipes amplification coefficient is 50---80, and center control NPN pipes select With 8050, center control PNP pipe uses 8550, and it is 1W that door voltage-stabiliser tube, which selects power, and three terminal regulator selects 78 series.

2nd, weld：Circuit control panel is made according to the principle of Fig. 2, is welded according to Fig. 2 into units.

3rd, the inspection and debugging being powered：Power supply is allowed to connect load first.Load can be replaced by equivalent resistance, equivalent resistance One end is connected on power output end, and an end is connected on ground wire.

1st, to current monitoring and the inspection and debugging of protection.

The sensitivity of current-limiting resistance is debugged, is connected on current-limiting resistance with the red test pencil of voltmeter at this time（802 in Fig. 2）Connection PNP current monitoring pipes（801 in Fig. 2）One end of base stage, black meter pen are connected to the current-limiting resistance other end.

A, when equivalent resistance is normal load current, PNP current monitoring pipes（801 in Fig. 2）Collector is without output.

B, when equivalent resistance is less than normal value, be load current little over normal value when, current-limiting resistance both ends electricity Pressure increase, and forward bias is produced, PNP current monitorings pipe collector should have output.Indicator light three at this time（812 in Fig. 2）With Indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）It is bright, speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）There is auditory tone cues.With ammeter test center control NPN pipes （301 in Fig. 2）Current collection extremely low level, center control PNP pipe（303 in Fig. 2）Current collection is extremely high-order.

It is probably the damage of PNP current monitorings pipe if PNP current monitorings pipe is without output.

If PNP current monitoring pipe collectors have electricity, indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）With indicator light three（In Fig. 2 812）Do not work, speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）Do not ring, it is anti-by being probably the damage of instruction three or welding.

C, when load current is little over certain value（According to design requirement, when such as 10%）, indicator light three（812 in Fig. 2） With indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）It is bright, while sound is exhaled.

D, when load current recovers normal value（It is that equivalent resistance reverts to normal load value）, indicator light three is with referring to Show that lamp two does not work, while sound is not rung.

2nd, to the inspection and debugging of the overvoltage monitoring of three terminal regulator input terminal.

DC voltage regulator is connected to rectification output.It is to replace rectifying circuit with DC voltage regulator, using two voltages Table, between first table connection DC voltage regulator output and ground wire, for testing output voltage.Second table connects three terminal regulator Three terminal regulator input terminal voltage is measured between power input and ground wire.

A, determine that the threshold voltage of rectification output end as being 30 volts, then selects door voltage-stabiliser tube（101 in Fig. 2）It is left for 30 volts Right voltage-stabiliser tube welding.After DC voltage regulator voltage exceeds 30 volts, then second ammeter no-voltage, represents that three terminal regulator is defeated Enter to hold no-voltage.If DC voltage regulator holds height, second ammeter will continue no-voltage, and DC voltage regulator voltage recovers normal Afterwards, then second voltmeter voltage recovers normal.During second voltmeter no-voltage, indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2） It is bright, while the sound.

B, when DC voltage regulator voltage recovers normal, that is, after being less than 30 volts, indicator light one does not work, and sound is not rung.

3rd, to the detection and debugging of three terminal regulator output terminal overvoltage monitoring and protection.

（1）, detection with adjustment protection start threshold value.

With the output terminal of voltmeter measurement three terminal regulator.The threshold voltage of output terminal protection is determined, such as than normal voltage stabilizing It is worth 10% volt high, protection act.

A, method is to disconnect the cathode for the balance diode that three terminal regulator ground terminal is connect, and in balance diode just Connect between pole and the ground terminal of three terminal regulator a resistance i.e. lower inclined resistance, while in three end integrated stable voltage circuit ground terminals A resistance i.e. upper inclined resistance is connected with output terminal, at this moment the voltage of output terminal can improve,（Referring to Fig. 4）Adjust two resistance Value, such as increases the resistance value of lower regulating resistor partially,（Or the resistance value of upper inclined resistance is reduced）, allow the defeated of circuit of three-terminal voltage-stabilizing integrated The increased voltage of outlet reaches desirable value, and such as 10%.At this moment voltmeter is designated as high such as 10% voltage.

B, after definite threshold voltage value, adjustment protection starts.

After the adjustable voltage stabilizing value formed more than rear class protection door circuit, protection starts silicon-controlled（711 in Fig. 2）It is fast Speed starts, and system centre control unit is open-minded, and clamper fast tripping protection is silicon-controlled（201 in Fig. 2）, form fast tripping protection.

（2）, monitoring with protection normal phenomenon.

After three terminal regulator output voltage exceedes the adjustable voltage stabilizing value that rear class protection door circuit is formed, indicator light one （503 in Fig. 2）With indicator light two（712 in Fig. 2）It is bright, while the sound.

Then it is that protection starts silicon-controlled damage as the above situation is incorrect.

4th, the inspection and debugging to system centre control unit.

With the y-axis input terminal connection center control PNP pipe of oscillograph（303 in Fig. 2）Collector, ground wire input termination Ground.

Triggering center control NPN pipes are removed with mains terminals connection resistance（301 in Fig. 2）Base stage, at this moment oscillograph have The display of rapid low level deflecting position, is feedback circuit open circuit if rapid inadequate.Or Derivative Feedback capacitance（In Fig. 2 312）Value it is too small.

At this moment speech sound device（501 in Fig. 2）Have sound sound, while indicator light one（503 in Fig. 2）Can be bright.

Claims (2)

1. multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure, it is characterized in that：Lightning protection device, prime protection start unit, fast tripping protection unit, Centralized control unit, failure warning unit, three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit, rear class protection door circuit, rear class protection start monitoring unit, Total current control unit, monitoring start-up circuit collectively constitute；

It is the protection power source that monitor set, voltage stabilizing, protection are integrated, its feature one is that PNP triode is connected in the form of series connection In a power, make the effect of Current amplifier, monitoring at any time and protection to load are formed, second, being exported to rectification in circuit It is 2 points crucial with voltage stabilizing output, it is monitored and protects, third, is actively warning in the event of failure, the warning that formation sound coexists with light Effect, every kind of failure send different light, are identified easy to people, safeguard in time；

Wherein：Lightning protection device is connected between rectification output and ground wire；

Three-terminal voltage-stabilizing unit is made of three terminal regulator and balance diode：The ground connection termination balance diode of three terminal regulator Cathode, balances the anode ground wire of diode, after the output of three terminal regulator connects the current-limiting resistance in total current control unit, into For the voltage output of multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure；

Prime protects start unit to be made of door voltage-stabiliser tube, startup resistance, OR gate diode：The anode termination of door voltage-stabiliser tube Rectification exports, and cathode termination starts one end of resistance, and the other end for starting resistance is followed by controlling list to center through OR gate diode The base stage of center control NPN pipes in member；

Fast tripping protection unit by fast tripping protection it is silicon-controlled, triggering resistance form：The silicon-controlled anode of fast tripping protection connects rectification output, Triggering resistance is connected between the silicon-controlled anode of fast tripping protection and control pole, and the silicon-controlled cathode of fast tripping protection connects three terminal regulator Input；

Centralized control unit is by center control NPN pipes, center control PNP pipe, commissure resistance, two discharge resistance, that is, discharge resistances First, discharge resistance two, Derivative Feedback capacitance, feedback resistance, clamp diode composition：Commissure resistance is connected on center control NPN pipes Collector and center control PNP pipe base stage between, Derivative Feedback capacitance one termination center control PNP pipe collector, The other end connects the base stage that feedback resistance controls NPN pipes to center, and the emitter of center control PNP pipe connects rectification output, center control The emitter ground line of NPN pipes processed, discharge resistance one are connected between the collector and ground wire of center control PNP pipe, discharge resistance Two are connected between the base stage of center control NPN pipes and ground wire；

Failure warning unit is made of indicator light one, isolation resistance, speech sound device, and speech sound device is connected on the current collection of center control PNP pipe Between pole and ground wire, the collector of center control PNP pipe connects one end of isolation resistance, another termination indicator light one of isolation resistance To ground wire；

Rear class protects door circuit by adjustable door upper inclined resistance, upper protective resistance partially, adjustable door lower inclined resistance, collector electricity Resistance, door triode composition；Rear class protection starts monitoring unit and starts silicon-controlled, indicator light two, control electrode resistance group by protection Into；

The output of one termination three terminal regulator of adjustable door upper inclined resistance, the other end connect inclined protective resistance to door triode Base stage, collector resistance is connected between the output of three terminal regulator and the collector of door triode, partially electric under adjustable door Resistance is connected between base stage and the emitter of door triode, and control electrode resistance is connected on the emitter of door triode and protection starts Between silicon-controlled control pole, the cathode of indicator light two connects the collector of center control NPN pipes, and the anode of indicator light two connects protection Start silicon-controlled anode, protection starts silicon-controlled minus earth line；

Total current control unit is made of PNP current monitorings pipe with current-limiting resistance；Start-up circuit is monitored by startup resistance and instruction Lamp three forms；

Current-limiting resistance is connected between emitter and the base stage of PNP current monitoring pipes, and it is steady that the emitters of PNP current monitoring pipes connects three ends The output of depressor, starts the collector of a termination PNP current monitoring pipes of resistance, and another termination indicator light three for starting resistance arrives Center controls the base stage of NPN pipes.

2. multiple spot monitoring for protection caution type source of stable pressure according to claim 1, it is characterized in that：Indicator light one, indicator light two, Indicator light three is respectively the luminous tube of different colours.