CN106404310B - Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device - Google Patents

Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN106404310B
CN106404310B CN201610824788.7A CN201610824788A CN106404310B CN 106404310 B CN106404310 B CN 106404310B CN 201610824788 A CN201610824788 A CN 201610824788A CN 106404310 B CN106404310 B CN 106404310B
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
oil leakage
leakage detecting
detection
detecting cable
reaction set
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
CN201610824788.7A
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Other versions
CN106404310A (en
Inventor
冯博
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Shenzhen Xiangwei Measurement And Control Technology Coltd
Original Assignee
Shenzhen Xiangwei Measurement And Control Technology Coltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Shenzhen Xiangwei Measurement And Control Technology Coltd filed Critical Shenzhen Xiangwei Measurement And Control Technology Coltd
Priority to CN201610824788.7A priority Critical patent/CN106404310B/en
Publication of CN106404310A publication Critical patent/CN106404310A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN106404310B publication Critical patent/CN106404310B/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01MTESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G01M3/00Investigating fluid-tightness of structures
    • G01M3/02Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum
    • G01M3/04Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point
    • G01M3/16Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means
    • G01M3/165Investigating fluid-tightness of structures by using fluid or vacuum by detecting the presence of fluid at the leakage point using electric detection means by means of cables or similar elongated devices, e.g. tapes

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Gas Or Oil Filled Cable Accessories (AREA)
  • Examining Or Testing Airtightness (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention discloses a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting cable and a kind of leakage detection device; wherein, the Oil Leakage Detecting cable include skeleton, be looped around on the skeleton and be set in distance two detection lines, between two detection lines with gap react set and be coated at it is described reaction cover limiting protective casing;The hole that there is the limiting protective casing fuel feeding to pass through;The reaction set is swelling part, and the inner wall of reaction set is equipped with conductive layer, and the conductive layer contacts to form galvanic circle after reaction set swelling with two detection lines.Technical solution of the present invention is by being arranged a kind of new structural Oil Leakage Detecting cable, so that detection is more convenient, effect is more preferable, it is more stable and reliable, it is not likely to produce and accidentally surveys, and more adaptable, cooperation alarm can timely and reliably alarm leakage accident, matching used collector can calculate the pressure drop difference of short dot, judge the position of leakage point.

Description

Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device
Technical field
The present invention relates to Oil Leakage Detecting technical field, in particular to a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting cable and a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting dress It sets.
Background technique
Due to the economic value and risk of oil plant, determines and carry out leak detection to it with unusual meaning. With the increase of the service life, external environment corrodes, and oil storage tank and oil pipeline are likely to occur leakage accident at any time.Leak thing Therefore the wasting of resources and environmental pollution are not only resulted in, it can also cause fire explosion when serious.Therefore, leakage monitoring is carried out, Timely and reliably alarm leakage accident and accurate positioning leakage point are highly important.
The sound wave in pipe, pressure, temperature are utilized mostly for the pipeline of the oils such as gasoline, diesel oil, tank leak monitoring at present Degree variation is to realize.Its reliability and accuracy are lower, and maintenance is also inconvenient.For long-distance transportation pipeline, need More pressure or sonic sensor are wanted, so that detection is inconvenient, installation difficulty is big, and stability is poor.
Summary of the invention
The main object of the present invention is to provide a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting cable, it is intended to so that detection is more convenient, effect is more preferable, It is more stable and reliable, it is not likely to produce and accidentally surveys, and more adaptable, cooperation alarm can timely and reliably alarm leakage accident, cooperation Collector can be accurately located the position of leakage point.
To achieve the above object, Oil Leakage Detecting cable provided by the invention, including skeleton, be looped around on the skeleton and Two detection lines being set in distance, the reacting set and be coated at the reaction with gap between two detection lines The limiting protective casing of set;The hole that there is the limiting protective casing fuel feeding to pass through;The reaction set is swelling part, which covers interior Wall is equipped with conductive layer, and the conductive layer contacts to form galvanic circle after reaction set swelling with two detection lines.
Preferably, copper mesh is equipped between the reaction set and the detection line.
Preferably, the conducting polymer that the reaction set is structure as a whole, the reaction set are contacted with two detection lines Between formed opening and closing circuit.
Preferably, the detection line is the resistive conductor of nickel Lip river alloy material.
Preferably, the signal wire that spiral winding has transmission detection signal, the outer surface of the signal wire are gone back on the skeleton Equipped with insulating layer.
Preferably, the reaction set is conductive thermoplastic elastomer TPE material.
Preferably, the appearance of the detection line is equipped with Conductive fluoropolymer.
Preferably, the outer wall of the skeleton is equipped with spiral groove, and the detection line and the signal wire are embedded in the spiral shell Revolve groove.
Preferably, the limiting protective casing is nylon mesh limiting protective casing.
The present invention also proposes that a kind of leakage detection device, leakage detection device include Oil Leakage Detecting cable described above, The Oil Leakage Detecting cable include skeleton, be looped around on the skeleton and be set in distance two detection lines, with two inspections Reaction between survey line with gap covers and is coated at the limiting protective casing of the reaction set;The limiting protective casing, which has, to be supplied The hole that oil passes through;The reaction set is swelling part, and the inner wall of reaction set is equipped with conductive layer, and the conductive layer is in the reaction It contacts to form galvanic circle with two detection lines after set swelling.
Technical solution of the present invention is by being arranged a kind of new structural Oil Leakage Detecting cable, so that detection is more convenient, effect Fruit is more preferable, more stable and reliable, is not likely to produce and accidentally surveys, and is more adaptable, and cooperation alarm, which can timely and reliably alarm, leaks thing Therefore matching used collector can calculate the position for orienting leakage point.
Specifically, the reaction set of the Oil Leakage Detecting cable is swelling part, which can generally occur with oily substance It is swollen the polymer of reaction, and is had between reaction set and two detection lines that are being looped around on the skeleton and being set in distance One fixed gap, after polymer reaction set is contacted with oily substance, swelling reaction can occur for polymer, and be sheathed on reaction set The limiting protective casing of outer layer will limit the expansion outward of reaction set, and reaction set is forced inwardly to squeeze, so that the conduction of reaction set inner wall Layer and two detection lines are in close contact, and form galvanic circle, and when carrying certain voltage is in detection line, cooperation alarm can be timely It reliably alarms leakage accident, matching used collector can determine whether the position of leakage point.
Its is easy to detect to be: if whether monitoring pipeline leaks, need to only be close to duct wall installation, horizontal pipe is then along pipeline Trend is mounted on bottom;Vertical pipe then surrounds Pipe installing with clock wise spirals direction.If cable installation position cannot be provided It sets, then the external collecting tank of leakage region may occur, by cable laying in collecting tank.Its is adaptable, and be can basis Pipeline length or the selection of installation region flexible in size.Since polymer only reacts with oily substance, the substances such as Gu Shui will not Interference Detection is less prone to wrong report phenomenon.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below There is attached drawing needed in technical description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this Some embodiments of invention for those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts, can be with The structure shown according to these attached drawings obtains other attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is Oil Leakage Detecting cable structure schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the right view of Oil Leakage Detecting cable in Fig. 1.
Drawing reference numeral explanation:
Label Title Label Title
100 Oil Leakage Detecting cable 30 Limiting protective casing
10 Skeleton 40 Detection line
20 Reaction set 50 Signal wire
The embodiments will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings for the realization, the function and the advantages of the object of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention carries out clear, complete Site preparation description, it is clear that described embodiment is only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, instead of all the embodiments.Base Embodiment in the present invention, it is obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts it is all its His embodiment, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is to be appreciated that the directional instruction (such as up, down, left, right, before and after ...) of institute is only used in the embodiment of the present invention In explaining in relative positional relationship, the motion conditions etc. under a certain particular pose (as shown in the picture) between each component, if should When particular pose changes, then directionality instruction also correspondingly changes correspondingly.
In addition, the description for being related to " first ", " second " etc. in the present invention is used for description purposes only, and should not be understood as referring to Show or imply its relative importance or implicitly indicates the quantity of indicated technical characteristic." first ", " are defined as a result, Two " feature can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features.In addition, the technical solution between each embodiment can It to be combined with each other, but must be based on can be realized by those of ordinary skill in the art, when the combination of technical solution occurs Conflicting or cannot achieve when, will be understood that the combination of this technical solution is not present, also not the present invention claims protection model Within enclosing.
Referring to figs. 1 to 2, technical solution of the present invention proposes a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100, including skeleton 10, is looped around institute It states two detection lines 40 on skeleton 10 and be set in distance, with gap react set between two detection lines 40 20 and be coated at it is described reaction set 20 limiting protective casing 30;The hole that there is the limiting protective casing 30 fuel feeding to pass through;It is described Reaction set 20 is swelling part, and the inner wall of reaction set 20 is equipped with conductive layer (not indicating), and the conductive layer covers molten in the reaction It contacts to form galvanic circle with two detection lines 40 after swollen.
Technical solution of the present invention is by being arranged a kind of new structural Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100, so that detection is more convenient, Effect is more preferable, more stable and reliable, is not likely to produce and accidentally surveys, and more adaptable, and cooperation alarm can timely and reliably alarm leakage Accident, matching collector can determine whether the position of leakage point.
Specifically, the reaction set 20 of the Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100 is swelling part, which generally can be with oils object The polymer of swelling reaction occurs for matter, and the reaction covers 20 and two inspections that are being looped around on the skeleton 10 and being set in distance There is a fixed gap between survey line 40, after polymer reaction set 20 is contacted with oily substance, swelling reaction can occur for polymer, And the limiting protective casing 30 for being sheathed on reaction 20 outer layers of set will limit the expansion outward of reaction set 20, and reaction set 20 is forced inwardly to squeeze Pressure forms galvanic circle, when two detection lines 40 are divided so that the conductive layer of reaction 20 inner walls of set and two detection lines 40 are in close contact Lian Jie not be one when being connected with the alarm of power supply, and galvanic circle is formed, can reliably alarm leakage accident.And the Oil Leakage Detecting Cable 100 can be applied to periodic detection and real-time detection, such as detects the pipeline of fixed transport, is once examined by the fixed cycle It surveys, that is, when being detected, just connecting the detection line 40 of Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100 with power supply alarming equipment detect is It is no to have leakage, so detect it is very convenient, and power alarm equipments equipment do not need it is always on, also can economical environment-protective effect Fruit.And when in pipeline or fuel tank as being applied to Automobile Transportation oil, the Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100, power alarm equipments equipment are set It is connected with it always, can be used for preventing that leakage accident occurs in transit.
Its is easy to detect to be: if whether monitoring pipeline leaks, need to only be close to duct wall installation, horizontal pipe is then along pipeline Trend is mounted on bottom;Vertical pipe then surrounds Pipe installing with clock wise spirals direction.If cable installation position cannot be provided It sets, then the external collecting tank of leakage region may occur, by cable laying in collecting tank.Its is adaptable, and be can basis Pipeline length or the selection of installation region flexible in size.Since polymer only reacts with oily substance, the substances such as Gu Shui will not Interference Detection is less prone to accidentally touching phenomenon.And the inner wall for only reacting set 20 is conductive layer, when pipeline is conductive metallic conduit When, interference will not be generated to detection.Certainly, which can also be conducting polymer, the reaction set 20 and two The contact of detection line 40 constitutes galvanic circle.It is convenient for production that manufacture is arranged such, shortens manufacturing process, is led without being specially arranged Electric layer reduces production cost, and it is identical as said effect to be applied to nonmetal pipeline.
Generally, reaction set 20 contact with oils occur swelling react time it is generally longer, for shortening the reaction time, anti- One layer of copper mesh (not shown) of increase among 20 and skeleton 10 should be covered, specifically between reaction set 20 and the detection line 40 Equipped with copper mesh.Wherein, copper mesh can increase the conductivity of reaction set 20 conductive materials and 40 core epidermis conductive materials of detection line, thus Detection time can be shortened.
Further, the detection line 40 is the resistive conductor of nickel Lip river alloy material.In this way, because ought also need accurately to determine When position judges leakage point, generally requires and match collector, and the resistive conductor that detection line 40 has unit length certain, pass through Two detection lines 40 are connect with the terminal of collector, when leaking, the position that is contacted at leakage point with two detection lines 40 Length it is certain, i.e., its resistance value is also certain, therefore its pressure drop difference can be calculated according to this, judges the position of leakage point.Certainly, essence is needed Really judge that leakage point also needs mating special detection and localization device, is measured by comprehensive analysis.
Further, the signal wire 50 that spiral winding has transmission detection signal, the signal wire 50 are gone back on the skeleton 10 Outer surface be equipped with insulating layer.Wherein, the appearance of signal wire 50, which is set as insulation, can prevent signal wire 50 from influencing detection circuit.And It, can be straight when to acquire data by collector by directly in 10 setting signal line 50 of the skeleton of the Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100 The transmission of signal wire 50 was connected, so that the Oil Leakage Detecting cable is using more convenient.
In the present embodiment, the reaction set 20 is conductive thermoplastic elastomer TPE (Thermoplastic Elastomer) material.A kind of high resiliency with rubber, high-intensitive, high resilience, and have can injection molding feature Material.With environment-protecting and non-poisonous safety, have a wide range of application, there is an excellent coloring, soft-touch, weatherability, fatigue resistance and Temperature tolerance, processing performance is superior, and without vulcanization, can be recycled reduces cost.
Further, the appearance of the detection line 40 is equipped with Conductive fluoropolymer.Fluorine material has detection line 40 There are better fire line and wearability, and there is better safeguard protection performance and stronger external interference resistance.
Further, the outer wall of the skeleton 10 is equipped with spiral groove (not indicating), the detection line 40 and the signal Line 50 is embedded in the spiral groove.Setting spiral groove one be easily installed with fixed test line 40 and signal wire 50, secondly So that installation is more compact, so that 100 Miniaturizable of Oil Leakage Detecting cable, is easy to use installation.
Further, the limiting protective casing 30 is nylon mesh limiting protective casing 30.Since nylon material itself has Good heat-resisting quantity can be used for a long time at 200 DEG C, and be able to maintain good mechanical performance and electrical insulation capability, and With impact resistance, FATIGUE STABILITY does not crack.It especially will not cause thermal damage in the state of instantaneous overheat, overload.And it is good Good wearability and self-lubricity.Its own negative alkene performance is good, only burns decomposition at high temperature, missing of ignition.To the raising leakage The quality of oil detection cable 100 and safety and applicability, play good facilitation.And the guarantor of electric wire is using nylon Sheath 30 can slow down or reduce the evolution of polyvinyl chloride component or migration, improve the anti-aging of electric wire, improve electric wire service life. The effects of nylon limiting protective casing 30 also has chemical stability good, oil resistant, resistance to hydrocarbon, waterproof.Wherein, it is set as net Shape is that swelling reaction occurs with set 20 is reacted for the ease of oily substance infiltration.
The present invention also proposes a kind of leakage detection device (not shown), including Oil Leakage Detecting cable 100, the Oil Leakage Detecting line The specific structure of cable 100 is referring to above-described embodiment, since this leakage detection device uses whole skills of above-mentioned all embodiments Art scheme, therefore at least all beneficial effects brought by the technical solution with above-described embodiment, this is no longer going to repeat them.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, all at this Under the inventive concept of invention, using equivalent structure transformation made by description of the invention and accompanying drawing content, or directly/use indirectly It is included in other related technical areas in scope of patent protection of the invention.

Claims (9)

1. a kind of Oil Leakage Detecting cable characterized by comprising skeleton, be looped around on the skeleton and be set in distance Two detection lines, the limit reacted set and be coated at the reaction set between two detection lines with gap are protected Sheath;
The hole that there is the limiting protective casing fuel feeding to pass through;The reaction set is that the swelling that swelling is reacted occurs with oily substance Part, the inner wall of reaction set are equipped with conductive layer, and the conductive layer contacts after reaction set swelling with two detection lines Form galvanic circle;
Wherein, the signal wire that spiral winding has transmission detection signal is gone back on the skeleton;It is recessed that the outer wall of the skeleton is equipped with spiral Slot, the detection line and the signal wire are embedded in the spiral groove.
2. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that be equipped between the reaction set and the detection line Copper mesh.
3. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that the conducting polymer that the reaction set is structure as a whole Object, the reaction set contact with two detection lines between formed and be opened and closed circuit.
4. the Oil Leakage Detecting cable as described in claims 1 to 3 kind is any, which is characterized in that the detection line is nickel Lip river alloy The resistive conductor of material.
5. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as claimed in claim 4, which is characterized in that going back spiral winding on the skeleton has transmission to detect The outer surface of the signal wire of signal, the signal wire is equipped with insulating layer.
6. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the reaction set is conductive thermoplastic elastomer TPE material.
7. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as claimed in claim 6, which is characterized in that the appearance of the detection line is equipped with conductive fluorine-containing poly- Close object.
8. Oil Leakage Detecting cable as claimed in claim 7, which is characterized in that the limiting protective casing is that nylon mesh limit is protected Sheath.
9. a kind of leakage detection device, which is characterized in that including Oil Leakage Detecting line such as described in any item of the claim 1 to 8 Cable.
CN201610824788.7A 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device Active CN106404310B (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610824788.7A CN106404310B (en) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN201610824788.7A CN106404310B (en) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN106404310A CN106404310A (en) 2017-02-15
CN106404310B true CN106404310B (en) 2019-06-07

Family

ID=57996780

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN201610824788.7A Active CN106404310B (en) 2016-09-14 2016-09-14 Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN106404310B (en)

Families Citing this family (8)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN107061999B (en) * 2017-06-09 2018-12-14 中国石油大学(华东) A kind of Leak Detection in Oil Pipeline Using device and detection method
CN110271785A (en) * 2018-03-13 2019-09-24 中国石油化工股份有限公司 A kind of distribution storage tank bottom plate leakage monitor
CN108760162A (en) * 2018-05-23 2018-11-06 北京目黑科技有限公司 leakage detection device and method
CN108871504A (en) * 2018-07-27 2018-11-23 青岛澳科仪器有限责任公司 A kind of detection device and detection method
CN112161752B (en) * 2020-09-03 2022-10-11 江阴市富仁高科股份有限公司 Phase type detection device and detection method for leakage of double-layer storage tank
CN112483907B (en) * 2020-11-10 2022-02-11 深圳市祥为测控技术有限公司 Pipeline leakage detection system and method
CN113155369A (en) * 2021-03-05 2021-07-23 深圳市祥为测控技术有限公司 Aviation oil leakage detection system and method
CN114136551B (en) * 2021-11-26 2024-03-26 中国人民解放军国防科技大学 Liquid leakage detection device and method based on capillary principle

Family Cites Families (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US4631952A (en) * 1985-08-30 1986-12-30 Chevron Research Company Resistive hydrocarbon leak detector
CN1888517A (en) * 2006-07-21 2007-01-03 中国科学院上海光学精密机械研究所 Quasi-distributed optical fiber oil leakage sensor system
KR20110007501A (en) * 2009-07-16 2011-01-24 유홍근 Apparatus for detecting leakage of oil base liquid
CN103969294B (en) * 2013-01-25 2016-06-01 泰科电子(上海)有限公司 The using method of silicone oil detector, electric power terminal assembly and silicone oil detector
CN204165716U (en) * 2014-10-31 2015-02-18 北汽福田汽车股份有限公司 Leak detection apparatus and system
CN206095540U (en) * 2016-09-14 2017-04-12 深圳市祥为测控技术有限公司 Oil leakage detection cable and oil leakage detection device

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN106404310A (en) 2017-02-15

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN106404310B (en) Oil Leakage Detecting cable and leakage detection device
CN206095540U (en) Oil leakage detection cable and oil leakage detection device
US7555936B2 (en) Hydraulic hose with integral life-sensing capability and method therefor
US9578748B1 (en) Ambient energy powered electronic gaskets
US11614378B2 (en) Polymeric nanocomposite based sensor and coating systems and their applications
CN1056230C (en) Corrosion resistant cable
CN102692285B (en) Temperature measuring equipment
US5341128A (en) Sensor element for detection of hydrocarbons
US8648711B2 (en) Apparatus for the wireless monitoring of linear heat detection systems for storage tank roofs
US9513185B2 (en) Inflatable detecting element, modular detection cable and detection system for detecting leaks of nonconductive liquid
KR20200110772A (en) Complex impedance moisture sensor and its detection method
CN102353628A (en) Polarization testing probe and testing method for cathodic protection of underground steel pipelines
CN210293575U (en) Water leakage and oil leakage two-in-one detection cable and detection system
CN101636660B (en) Fluid contaminant detection device
CN110763405A (en) Water leakage detection device
TWM611847U (en) Sensing line structure for positioning and detection of fuel leaking
CN215954264U (en) Pipeline
CN211087955U (en) Early warning cable
CN210860681U (en) System for be used for monitoring nonmetal pipeline and leak
CN108584200A (en) Leak hunting sensor for a kind of fuel charger chassis
CN209839494U (en) Heat insulation block
CN202938977U (en) Conductive liquid leakage detection cable
CN205919817U (en) Equipment roughness detection device
CN218646533U (en) Oil leak detection line and detection equipment
CN216899113U (en) Electric heat tracing air blowing type liquid level meter sensor

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
C06 Publication
PB01 Publication
C10 Entry into substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
GR01 Patent grant
GR01 Patent grant