CN106404260B - A kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress - Google Patents
A kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress Download PDFInfo
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- CN106404260B CN106404260B CN201610730740.XA CN201610730740A CN106404260B CN 106404260 B CN106404260 B CN 106404260B CN 201610730740 A CN201610730740 A CN 201610730740A CN 106404260 B CN106404260 B CN 106404260B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01L—MEASURING FORCE, STRESS, TORQUE, WORK, MECHANICAL POWER, MECHANICAL EFFICIENCY, OR FLUID PRESSURE
- G01L5/00—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes
- G01L5/16—Apparatus for, or methods of, measuring force, work, mechanical power, or torque, specially adapted for specific purposes for measuring several components of force
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, belong to long oil and gas pipeline stress monitoring technical field.The method for early warning includes: that basis takes the timing node of stress monitoring measure to establish pipeline axial stress computation model；Establish pipeline axial stress computation model when taking stress monitoring measure；Establish the pipeline axial direction additional stress after taking stress monitoring measure and the computation model between axial stress monitor value；Establish the pipeline axial stress after taking stress monitoring measure and the computation model between axial stress monitor value；Establishing pipeline axially allows the relational expression of additional stress；Establish the stress warning level model based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress；According to the stress warning level model, the stress warning level of pipeline is judged.The present invention improves work efficiency, caused by reducing because of pipe stress understanding deficiency a possibility that stress prediction errors.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, belong to long oil and gas pipeline stress monitoring
Technical field.
Background technique
In the construction and planning of long oil and gas pipeline, because of the factors limit such as resource market distribution and landform, local plan
System, oil-gas pipeline, which goes inevitably through active fault, slopes, goaf, weak soil etc., may occur the location of surface displacement.
The pipeline in these locations axially also suffers from the additional stress due to caused by surface displacement other than circumferential pressure-bearing, so that pipeline
Stress is in the hole.Currently for the pipeline that surface displacement location may occur, stress monitoring measure is mostly used, so as to reality
When grasp pipeline stress state, take counter-measure in time.Vibrating string extensometer is because its sensor structure is simple, output signal
Convenient for computer disposal, be connected firmly suitable for long term monitoring the advantages that, be widely used in the stress monitoring of long oil and gas pipeline
In measure.
When assessing the stress state of buried pipeline, generally according to the axial stress of pipeline and axial stress and circumference stress
Combined equivalent stress is evaluated.For buried straight pipeline, piping displacement deformation is main to influence pipeline axial stress,
Influence very little to pipeline circumference stress can be ignored, and pipeline circumference stress is only related with conduit running pressure.Therefore right
It is general that vibrating string extensometer is only arranged in pipeline axial direction when surface displacement segment pipe takes long-term stress monitoring measure, it monitors
The axial stress situation of change of pipeline, with reference to the stress state of the factor evaluations pipeline such as operating pressure.According to pipeline axial direction
Stress evaluation pipe stress state and the method for judging stress warning level, the referred to as pre- police based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress
Method.This monitoring measure method is simple, good economy performance, convenient for application.
But because not thorough enough to the understanding of pipe stress intension in implementation, easily by pipeline axial stress monitor value with
Pipeline axial stress (or axial additional stress) is obscured, and pipeline axial stress setting when taking stress monitoring measure is existed simultaneously
It does not meet reality, the problems such as early warning value setting method is unreasonable, the judgement of pipe stress state and warning level is caused easily to go out
Existing deviation, causes pipe stress safe condition to miss the dangerous situations such as early warning or pipe stress precarious position not early warning, seriously affects
Pipe safety and emergency disposal.This is that the multiple surface displacement location ess-strain monitoring of Pipeline Crossing Program and warning aspect urgently solve
Certainly the technical issues of.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve a series of problems present in current pipeline axial stress monitoring and stress early warning, the purpose of the present invention
It is to provide a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress.
What the purpose of the present invention was achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to taking the timing node of stress monitoring measure to establish pipeline axial stress computation model, are as follows:
σL=σL,1+ΔσL
In formula: σLTo take the pipeline axial stress after stress monitoring measure；σL,1To take pipe when stress monitoring measure
Road axial stress；ΔσLTo take the pipeline axial direction additional stress after stress monitoring measure；
Step 2, pipeline axial stress computation model when taking stress monitoring measure is established, are as follows:
In formula: μ is Poisson's ratio；α is the linear expansion coefficient of tubing；E is the elasticity modulus of tubing；P1To take monitoring measure
When operating pressure；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；T is pipeline wall thickness；T0Tube wall temperature when being backfilled for descending pipelines into ditch；T1To take monitoring
Tube wall temperature when measure；
Step 3, the pipeline axial direction additional stress after taking stress monitoring measure is established and between axial stress monitor value
Computation model, are as follows:
In formula: σL,MFor pipeline axial stress monitor value；P2The conduit running pressure at moment is corresponded to for axial stress monitor value
Power；
Step 4, the pipeline axis after stress monitoring measure is taken in the computation model according to step 1~step 3, foundation
Computation model between stress and axial stress monitor value, are as follows:
Step 5, establishing pipeline axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, are as follows:
In formula: σsFor the yield strength of tubing；
Step 6, the pipeline according to step 5 axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, establishes and is axially supervised based on pipeline
The stress warning level model of stress is surveyed, are as follows:
In formula: β is the percentage that pipeline axial direction additional stress accounts for pipeline axial direction permission additional stress；
Step 7, using described in step 6 based on the stress warning level model of pipeline axial direction monitor stress, according to model
In pipe parameter, axial stress monitoring data and conduit running parameter, calculate the stress state of pipeline, judge the stress of pipeline
Warning level.
Further, the relational expression of pipeline axial direction monitor stress permissible value are as follows:
Further, stress monitoring measure is taken are as follows: monitoring cross section is selected on pipeline, if selecting along monitoring cross section circumference
It opens each monitoring point erosion resistant coating as stress monitoring point and polishes smooth tube wall in dry position；In respectively answering for outer surface of tube wall
Vibrating string extensometer is axially arranged along pipeline in power monitoring point, after the vibrating string extensometer of all stress monitoring points deploys,
At the time of resetting vibrating string extensometer reading, and be calculated as this moment to take stress monitoring measure, start recording pipeline is axially answered
Force data.
Further, pipe stress warning level are as follows:
When β is between 30% and 60%, for blue early warning；
When β is between 60% and 90%, for blue early warning；
It is red early warning when β is greater than 90%.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
Method for early warning provided by the invention based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress is made by establishing simple computation model
Pipe design personnel can calculate according to relevant parameters such as pipe parameter, axial stress monitoring data and conduit running data
The pipe stress state and corresponding warning level at a certain moment, improve work efficiency, and reduce because of pipe stress understanding not
A possibility that foot causes stress prediction errors.The present invention implements simply, to carry out only needing axially to arrange in pipeline when stress monitoring
Vibrating string extensometer, and it is increased without temperature compensation means, long-term pipe stress can be carried out and monitor and assess pipe stress
State and warning level；The computation model provided simultaneously, has many advantages, such as that versatile, convenient and efficient, accuracy is high, Yi Beiguang
Big conduit running administrative staff and designer grasp, and can be widely applied to pipe stress monitoring field.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, is not used to limit
The fixed present invention.
Pipeline axial stress is decomposed, by theory of mechanics, analyze each axial stress component stress and strain it
Between corresponding relationship, study reflection of each axial stress component on strain gauge.Multiple surface displacement section buried pipeline is axially answered
Power generally comprises axial direction Poisson stress σ caused by internal pressureP, pipeline axial stress σ caused by temperature changeTCause with piping displacement
Axial stress σD.Pipeline axial direction monitor stress only reflects the variation of pipeline axial stress strain, each axial stress component performance
It is as follows:
(1) axial direction Poisson stress σ caused by internal pressureP.Axial receive occurs under internal pressure effect, while pipeline circumferential expansion
Contracting axially generates Poisson stress σ in pipeline because the axial effect of contraction by the soil body of pipeline limits the axial deformation of pipelineP,
Axial deformation is 0；Deformation and tunnel synchronization because of strain gauge, therefore pipeline axial strain meter can not be measured caused by internal pressure and axially be moored
Loose stress σP。
(2) pipeline axial stress σ caused by temperature changeT.When conduit running temperature and initial temperature difference, pipeline axis
To expanding with heat and contract with cold, because of the axial deformation of pipeline of soil body restrict, axial stress σ is axially generated in pipelineT；Axially answer
It is identical as tube wall to become meter temperature, the variation of synchronization expanded with heat and contract with cold and show vibration frequency occurs for the vibratory string of strain gauge, in turn
Temperature change is generated in strain gauge causes stress σT1；Strain gauge vibratory string is identical with the linear expansion coefficient of tubing, therefore σT=σT1, therefore
Vibrating string extensometer can reflect pipeline axial stress σ caused by temperature changeT。
(3) axial stress σ caused by piping displacementD.When pipeline is subjected to displacement deformation, pipeline axially generates strain, axis
To strain gauge, synchronous and deflection is equal with the axial deformation of pipeline, therefore pipeline axial strain meter can measure piping displacement causes
Axial strain so that can be obtained corresponding axial stress σD。
By above-mentioned analysis it is found that pipeline axial stress monitor value be not exclusively equal to actual pipeline axial stress (or
Pipeline axial direction additional stress).
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, comprising the following steps:
Step 1, according to taking the timing node of stress monitoring measure to establish pipeline axial stress computation model, are as follows:
σL=σL,1+ΔσL
In formula: σLTo take the pipeline axial stress (MPa) after stress monitoring measure；σL,1To take stress monitoring measure
When pipeline axial stress (MPa)；ΔσLTo take the pipeline axial direction additional stress (MPa) after stress monitoring measure；
Step 2, from theory of mechanics, pipeline axial stress computation model when taking stress monitoring measure is established,
Are as follows:
In formula: μ is Poisson's ratio, takes 0.3；α is the linear expansion coefficient of tubing, generally takes 1.2 × 10-5℃-1；E is tubing
Elasticity modulus (MPa)；P1To take the operating pressure (MPa) when monitoring measure；D is internal diameter of the pipeline (mm)；T is pipeline wall thickness
(mm)；T0Tube wall temperature (DEG C) when being backfilled for descending pipelines into ditch；T1To take the tube wall temperature (DEG C) when monitoring measure；
Step 3, from theory of mechanics, the pipeline axial direction additional stress established after taking stress monitoring measure is answered with axial
Computation model between power monitor value, are as follows:
In formula: σL,MFor pipeline axial stress monitor value (MPa)；P2The pipeline fortune at moment is corresponded to for axial stress monitor value
Row pressure (MPa)；
Step 4, the pipeline axis after stress monitoring measure is taken in the computation model according to step 1~step 3, foundation
Computation model between stress and axial stress monitor value, are as follows:
Step 5, the axial stress of buried pipeline and equivalent stress should all meet code requirement.
Equivalent stress requirement: referring to " code for design of gas transmission pipeline engineering " (GB50251-2015), equivalent stress be should be less than
0.9 times of minimum yield strength, as follows:
σe=| σh-σL|≤0.9σs
In formula, σhFor pipeline circumference stress (MPa),σsFor the yield strength (MPa) of tubing；
It can be obtained according to the computation model in above formula and step 1, step 2:
Axial stress requirement: referring to " Gas Transmission and Distribution Piping Systems "
(ASME B31.8-2014), axial stress should be less than 0.9 times of minimum yield strength, as follows:
|σL|≤0.9σs
It can be obtained according to the computation model in above formula and step 1, step 2:
Obtaining pipeline as a result, axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, are as follows:
In formula: σsFor the yield strength (MPa) of tubing；
Step 6, the pipeline according to step 5 axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, establishes and is axially supervised based on pipeline
The stress warning level model of stress is surveyed, are as follows:
In formula: β is the percentage that pipeline axial direction additional stress accounts for pipeline axial direction permission additional stress；
Step 7, using described in step 6 based on the stress warning level model of pipeline axial direction monitor stress, according to model
In pipe parameter, axial stress monitoring data and conduit running parameter, calculate the stress state of pipeline, judge the stress of pipeline
Warning level.
According to taking the pipeline axial stress after stress monitoring measure and the calculating between axial stress monitor value in step 4
Pipeline axially allows the relational expression of additional stress in model and step 5, obtains the relational expression of pipeline axial direction monitor stress permissible value
Are as follows:
The present invention is suitable for buried straight pipeline and has compared with strong constraint and the lesser buried bend pipe of angle.
Below with D1219mm/15.3mm wall thickness/X80 steel-grade pipeline, pipe laying with elastic bending section axial stress at certain surface displacement
Illustrate the calculating process of the present embodiment for monitoring:
1) pipe parameter, as shown in table 1:
Table 1
2) monitoring data at a certain moment after stress monitoring measure are taken to show, monitoring cross section is in pressured state, maximum axis
It is -113.61MPa to compression stress.
3) the stress warning level of pipeline:
Assuming that pipe stress warning level setting principle are as follows: axially allow to add when pipeline axial direction additional stress reaches pipeline
Stress 30% when, it is horizontal for blue early warning；Axially allow the 60% of additional stress when pipeline axial direction additional stress reaches pipeline
When, it is that yellow early warning is horizontal；It is red pre- when pipeline axial direction additional stress, which reaches pipeline axially, allows the 90% of additional stress
It is alert horizontal.
Stress warning level is judged according to the stress warning level model based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress.Wherein: Poisson
0.3 is taken than μ；The linear expansion coefficient α of steel takes 1.2 × 10-5℃-1；Elastic modulus E=2.1 × 10 of steel5MPa；T is pipeline
Wall thickness, mm；D is internal diameter of the pipeline, mm；Tube wall temperature T when descending pipelines into ditch backfills0=21.8 DEG C；Take fortune when monitoring measure
Row pressure P1=8.38MPa；Take tube wall temperature T when monitoring measure1=9.8 DEG C；The operation pressure at moment is calculated after stress monitoring
Power P2=7.81MPa；Tubing yield strength σs=555MPa；Monitoring cross section maximum axial stress in compression sigmaL,M=-113.61MPa.
It first determines whether
It chooses formula and calculates
Referring to pipe stress warning level setting principle, it is horizontal that pipe stress is in blue early warning.
Method for early warning provided in this embodiment based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, by establishing simple mathematical computations mould
Type can easily calculate pipe stress early warning according to relevant parameters such as pipe parameter, Monitoring Pinpelines data and operation datas
Rank improves work efficiency, reduce conduit running administrative staff and designer to pipe stress understanding deficiency cause it is pre-
A possibility that alert erroneous judgement.It include the monitoring measure of axial temperature difference stress in heretofore described axial stress monitoring data.This
The computation model provided is provided, has many advantages, such as that versatile, calculating is quick, easy to use, accuracy is high, easily by vast pipe
Road operational management personnel, pipe stress monitoring personnel and pipe design personnel grasp, and can be widely applied to pipe stress monitoring neck
Domain.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to restrict the invention, for the skill of this field
For art personnel, the invention may be variously modified and varied.All within the spirits and principles of the present invention, made any to repair
Change, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress, which comprises the following steps:
Step 1, according to taking the timing node of stress monitoring measure to establish pipeline axial stress computation model, are as follows:
σL=σL,1+ΔσL
In formula: σLTo take the pipeline axial stress after stress monitoring measure；σL,1To take pipeline axis when stress monitoring measure
To stress；ΔσLTo take the pipeline axial direction additional stress after stress monitoring measure；
Step 2, pipeline axial stress computation model when taking stress monitoring measure is established, are as follows:
In formula: μ is Poisson's ratio；α is the linear expansion coefficient of tubing；E is the elasticity modulus of tubing；P1To take stress monitoring measure
When operating pressure；D is internal diameter of the pipeline；T is pipeline wall thickness；T0Tube wall temperature when being backfilled for descending pipelines into ditch；T1To take monitoring
Tube wall temperature when measure；
Step 3, the pipeline axial direction additional stress after taking stress monitoring measure and the calculating between axial stress monitor value are established
Model, are as follows:
In formula: σL,MFor pipeline axial stress monitor value；P2The conduit running pressure at moment is corresponded to for axial stress monitor value；
Step 4, the computation model according to step 1~step 3, foundation take the pipeline after stress monitoring measure axially to answer
Computation model between power and axial stress monitor value, are as follows:
Step 5, establishing pipeline axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, are as follows:
In formula: σsFor the yield strength of tubing；
Step 6, the pipeline according to step 5 axially allows the relational expression of additional stress, establishes and is answered based on pipeline axial direction monitoring
The stress warning level model of power, are as follows:
In formula: β is the percentage that pipeline axial direction additional stress accounts for pipeline axial direction permission additional stress；
Step 7, using described in step 6 based on the stress warning level model of pipeline axial direction monitor stress, according in model
Pipe parameter, axial stress monitoring data and conduit running parameter, calculate the stress state of pipeline, judge the stress early warning of pipeline
Rank.
2. a kind of method for early warning based on pipeline axial direction monitor stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that pipeline axis
To the allowed band of stress monitoring value are as follows:
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| CN108509758B (en) * | 2018-06-29 | 2021-10-12 | 中国石油天然气集团有限公司 | Method for calculating allowable stress of oil and gas pipeline under ditch |
| CN114294570A (en) * | 2021-12-23 | 2022-04-08 | 中国特种设备检测研究院 | Oil-gas pipeline stress monitoring and early warning method and system, storage medium and electronic device |
| CN114636496B (en) * | 2022-02-24 | 2023-05-23 | 华南理工大学 | Method for monitoring and early warning stress of buried pipeline of natural gas station under foundation settlement effect |
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Effective date of registration: 20170825 Address after: 100120 Beijing Xicheng District six laying Kang Applicant after: China National Petroleum Corp. Applicant after: China Petroleum Pipeline Engineering Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: DESIGN BRANCH OF CHINA PETROLEUM PIPELINE ENGINEERING Corp. Address before: 100007 Beijing, Dongzhimen, North Street, No. 9, No. Applicant before: China National Petroleum Corp. Applicant before: CHINA PETROLEUM PIPELINE BUREAU Applicant before: CHINA PETROLEUM PIPELINE ENGINEERING Corp. |
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