CN106401594A - Arrangement method of tools on composite cutterhead of shield tunneling machine - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an arrangement method of tools on a composite cutterhead of a shield tunneling machine. The composite cutterhead is a panel type cutterhead, and the arrangement method includes the arrangement method of cutters and hobs. The service lives of the cutters and the hobs are calculated equivalently through a formula, the mounting diameters of the cutters and the hobs are adjusted, and the service lives of the cutters and the service lives of the hobs are made to be the same by selecting different materials. The method for calculating the service lives of the tools of the cutterhead of the shield tunneling machine is designed, the abrasion degrees of the tools corresponding to the tunneling distances are calculated, and the tunneling distances of the tools within the service lives are further estimated; the service lives of the hobs and the service lives of the cutters are compared, and are made to be close by changing mounting diameters and increasing or decreasing the number of the cutters and the number of the hobs; and when the tools need to be replaced, the cutters and the hobs are replaced uniformly, the tool replacing frequency is reduced, safety and reliability are achieved, and the labor hour of the shield tunneling machine is guaranteed to a certain extent.

Description

Shield tunneling machine composite cutter head and cutter arrangement method

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of shield machine cutter head design, and particularly relates to a method for arranging cutters of a composite cutter head of a shield machine.

Background

With the prosperous transportation and the construction of large-scale projects such as various tunnels, subways and the like, the demand of the shield machine is increased, the performance requirement of the shield machine is higher and higher, and the requirement of the shield machine on a cutter head is extremely strict particularly in the construction of a composite stratum.

The selection of the cutter head cutter of the shield machine is determined according to different geological conditions, and the arrangement of the cutter is required to meet the tunneling requirements of different stratums such as weak soil, a sand layer, a sandy gravel stratum, a rock layer and the like aiming at a composite stratum. The tunneling work of the composite stratum is complex, and the cutter must be replaced.

The mode of no air pressure and air pressure switching needs to be fully considered for replacing the cutter, the existing shield machine adopting soil pressure balance is more, and the air pressure switching needs to be adopted when the cutter is replaced. The tool changing environment brings great difficulty to tool changing, corresponding accidents can be caused by carelessness, and unnecessary loss of engineering is caused.

Therefore, the frequency and the frequency of tool changing are expected to be reduced, adjustment is carried out according to different service lives of different tools, so that the different tools have the same service life, the same tool changing time is obtained, the frequency of tool changing is reduced, and the shield machine can change tools more safely and reliably.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a cutter head arrangement method for effectively reducing the cutter changing times and frequency.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a shield machine composite cutter head cutter arrangement method is characterized in that a panel type cutter head is adopted for a composite cutter head, and the cutter comprises n_iCutting the disc into pieces_jA cutter and a disc cutter are arranged in the center of a cutter disc, and the periphery of the cutter and the disc cutter are arranged in a mixed manner;

n is_iCutting the disc into pieces_jWhen the cutting knife is at the same tunneling distance, the cutting knife reaches the limit abrasion loss at the same time;

n is_iDistributing the disc cutters on a plurality of digging tracks, wherein the number of the disc cutters on the same digging track is n₁A handle, and n₁If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each disk cutter on the digging track_n1Is composed of

Wherein K₁The abrasion coefficient of the disc cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the disc cutter is constant, the disc cutter reaches the tunneling distance L of the limit abrasion loss on the same tunneling track₁Comprises the following steps:

wherein,₁for the ultimate wear of disc cutters, K₁The wear factor of the disc cutters, D₁The diameter of a disc cutter is installed, N is the rotation speed of a cutter head, and V is the tunneling speed;

n is_jThe cutters are distributed on a plurality of digging tracks, wherein the number of the cutters on the same digging track is n₂A handle, and n₂If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each cutter on the digging and cutting track_n2Is composed of

Wherein K₂The abrasion coefficient of the cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the cutter is constant, the cutter reaches the pole on the same digging trackTunneling distance L of limited abrasion loss₂Comprises the following steps:

wherein,₂the ultimate wear of the cutters, K₂Is the wear factor of the cutter, D₂The diameter of the cutter is set, and N is the rotating speed of the cutter head;

through a mathematical method, the excavation distance L of the disc cutter is analyzed and calculated₁And the distance L of the cutter tunneling₂When the numerical values are close, the number n of disc cutters_iDisc cutter mounting diameter D₁Number of cutters n_jCutting knife mounting diameter D₂。

The invention has the beneficial effects that:

the invention designs a method for prolonging the service life of a shield machine cutter head cutter and the like, adopts a calculation formula, leads the service life of the cutter and the service life of the cutter to be close by changing the installation diameter, increasing and decreasing the number of the cutter and the hob and the like according to the abrasion degree of the cutter and the tunneling distance of the cutter in the service life, reduces the number of times of changing the cutter when the cutter needs to be changed, is safe and reliable, and has certain guarantee effect on the working time of the shield machine.

Detailed Description

The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to specific embodiments.

The invention relates to a method for arranging cutters of a composite cutter head of a shield tunneling machine, wherein the composite cutter head adopts a panel-type cutter head, and the cutters comprise n_iCutting the disc into pieces_jA cutter and a disc cutter are arranged in the center of a cutter disc, and the periphery of the cutter and the disc cutter are arranged in a mixed manner;

n is_iCutting the disc into pieces_jWhen the cutter is positioned at the same tunneling distance,simultaneously, the limit abrasion loss is reached;

n is_iDistributing the disc cutters on a plurality of digging tracks, wherein the number of the disc cutters on the same digging track is n₁A handle, and n₁If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each disk cutter on the digging track_n1Is composed of

Wherein K₁The abrasion coefficient of the disc cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the disc cutter is constant, the disc cutter reaches the tunneling distance L of the limit abrasion loss on the same tunneling track₁Comprises the following steps:

wherein,₁for the ultimate wear of disc cutters, K₁The wear factor of the disc cutters, D₁The diameter of a disc cutter is installed, N is the rotation speed of a cutter head, and V is the tunneling speed;

n is_jThe cutters are distributed on a plurality of digging tracks, wherein the number of the cutters on the same digging track is n₂A handle, and n₂If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each cutter on the digging and cutting track_n2Is composed of

Wherein K₂The abrasion coefficient of the cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the cutter is constant, the cutting distance L of the cutter reaching the limit abrasion loss on the same cutting track₂Comprises the following steps:

wherein,₂the ultimate wear of the cutters, K₂Is the wear factor of the cutter, D₂The diameter of the cutter is set, and N is the rotating speed of the cutter head;

through a mathematical method, the excavation distance L of the disc cutter is analyzed and calculated₁And the distance L of the cutter tunneling₂When the numerical values are close, the number n of disc cutters_iDisc cutter mounting diameter D₁Number of cutters n_jCutting knife mounting diameter D₂。

According to the actual situation of construction soil layers, taking Fujian mansion gate areas as an example, the soil layer intervals in Fuxian areas are uneven in hardness, and particularly, metamorphic quartz sandstones appear at the lower part of an upper sand layer, so that collapse is easy to occur.

1. Selecting the outer diameter of a shield machine:shield length: about 9475 mm; minimum curve radius: 250 m. Rotating speed of the cutter head: 0.3-3.05 rpm, taking 1 rpm; average tunneling rate: 3.5 cm/min.

2. The tool wear is calculated as the amount of cutter wear at the maximum diameter.₁Taking 20mm, looking up the table, K₁Taking 30 × 10 mm-3 mm/km, and actually measuring to obtain D₂6280 mm. Using the formula:₁＝K₁·π·D₁·N₁·L₁/V

at this time n₁＝12

Carry-in K_n1＝K₁/n₁ ^0.333

To obtain K_n1＝13.1

Into formula L₁＝₁〃V/(K_n1·π·D₁·N₁)

To obtain L₁＝2738.4m

3. The cutter wear is calculated as the amount of hob wear at the maximum diameter.₂Taking 25mm, looking up the table, K₂Taking 40 × 10 mm-3 mm/km, and actually measuring to obtain D₂6200 mm. Using the formula:₂＝0.1·K₂·π·D₂·N₂·L₂/V

at this time n₂＝6

Carry-in K_n2＝K₂/n₂ ^0.333

To obtain K_n2＝22.0

Into formula L₂＝₂·V/(K_n2·π·D₂·N₂)

To obtain L₂＝2041.9m

4. According to the estimation result, to make L₁＝L₂And adjusting the installation radius and the number of cutters of the cutters and the hobs, and adopting one-way adjustment for simplifying the process, namely only adjusting the number and the radius positions of the hobs. Doubling the number of hobs, i.e. n₂Reducing the diameter of the hob, i.e. D, 12₂＝6000mm。

Re-bringing in K_n2＝K₂/n₂ ^0.333

To obtain K_n2＝17.5

Into formula L₂＝₂·V/(K_n2·π·D₂·N₂)

To obtain L₂＝2653m

At this time, L₁And L₂Rather, we consider the cutter hobs to have equal life under normal use conditions.

5. And (4) installing the cutter by utilizing the calculation result in the step (4), utilizing the cutter group with the same service life, enabling the cutter and the hob to have the same damage time node, simultaneously replacing the cutter with a new cutter, reducing the replacement times and reducing the operation risk.

The described embodiments are only some embodiments of the invention, not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (1)

1. A shield machine composite cutter head cutter arrangement method is characterized in that a composite cutter head adopts a panel type cutter head, and the cutter comprises n cutters_iCutting the disc into pieces_jA cutter and a disc cutter are arranged in the center of a cutter disc, and the periphery of the cutter and the disc cutter are arranged in a mixed manner;

n is_iCutting the disc into pieces_jWhen the cutting knife is at the same tunneling distance, the cutting knife reaches the limit abrasion loss at the same time;

n is_iDistributing disc cutters over multiple cutting tracks, wherein disc cutters on the same cutting trackA number n₁A handle, and n₁If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each disk cutter on the digging track_n1Is composed of

$K_{n1}=\frac{K_1}{n_1^{0.333}}$

Wherein K₁The abrasion coefficient of the disc cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the disc cutter is constant, the disc cutter reaches the tunneling distance L of the limit abrasion loss on the same tunneling track₁Comprises the following steps:

$L_1=\frac{{\mathrm{\δ}}_{1}V}{K_{n1}{\mathrm{\πD}}_{1}N}$

wherein,₁for the ultimate wear of disc cutters, K₁The wear factor of the disc cutters, D₁The diameter of a disc cutter is installed, N is the rotation speed of a cutter head, and V is the tunneling speed;

n is_jThe cutters are distributed on a plurality of digging tracks, wherein the number of the cutters on the same digging track is n₂A handle, and n₂If more than 1, the abrasion coefficient K of each cutter on the digging and cutting track_n2Is composed of

$K_{n2}=\frac{K_2}{n_2^{0.333}}$

Wherein K₂The abrasion coefficient of the cutter is;

because the limit abrasion loss of the cutter is constant, the cutting distance L of the cutter reaching the limit abrasion loss on the same cutting track₂Comprises the following steps:

$L_2=\frac{{\mathrm{\δ}}_{2}V}{K_{n2}{\mathrm{\πD}}_{2}N}$

wherein,₂the ultimate wear of the cutters, K₂Is the wear factor of the cutter, D₂The diameter of the cutter is set, and N is the rotating speed of the cutter head;

through a mathematical method, the excavation distance L of the disc cutter is analyzed and calculated₁And the distance L of the cutter tunneling₂When the numerical values are close, the number n of disc cutters_iDisc cutter mounting diameter D₁Number of cutters n_jCutting knife mounting diameter D₂。