CN106399728B - The method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy - Google Patents
The method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy Download PDFInfo
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy disclosed by the invention, mainly comprises the following steps：The furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace handles and installs gas diffuser, design of alloy, prepares tool used in raw material and fusion process, raw material shove charge processing, and furnace charge heating is melted, and furnace bottom leads to argon, and cooling charging, ingredient initial survey, melt quality testing and alloy are come out of the stove.The method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention, melting available for high manganic aluminum bronze ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3N i2 and ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys, available for the preparation of high manganic aluminum bronze standard substance, while it can be used for the production of the product more demanding to ingredient and casting quality.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to alloy melting method and technology fields, and in particular to a kind of method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy.
Background technology
High manganic aluminum bronze is using Mn and Al as main alloy element, by adding the metallic elements reinforced alloys such as Fe, Ni, Zn
The high-strength corrosion-resistant alloy of performance, it is ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 and ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 to commonly use the trade mark, such alloy has
There are higher tensile strength, corrosion fatigue strength and cavitation erosion resistant performance, and good casting property, solderability is strong, is the world
Various countries are used to prepare the main material of ship propeller.
It is alloy generally using Al, Mn, Fe, Ni as main alloying element in traditional high manganic aluminum bronze smelting technology
Control composition usually selects the form of copper manganese, cupro-nickel intermediate alloy and commercial-purity aluminium, iron nail to add in, and Zn, Si, Pb then conduct
Impurity element, upper control limit content.In melting, the Al of generation is made full use of2O3Protective effect of the oxidation film to aluminium alloy,
Completely cut off influence of the gas in air to aluminium alloy, reduce the stirring to molten metal, avoid being involved in for oxide；In refining,
Addition ground flux is removed the gred, degasification.However, each alloy member in high manganic aluminum bronze can not be accurately controlled using the technique
Element is influenced by intermediate alloy quality, has bringing into for other impurities element.
According to the melting property of non-ferrous alloy, high manganic aluminum bronze alloy inevitably contacts in fusion process with air, and empty
The gases such as hydrogen, oxygen in gas easily dissolve in molten metal, cause bleb defect；Meanwhile the oxide of generation is easily involved in gold
Belong in liquid, form suspension slag and be stranded in molten metal, difficulty is brought to slagging-off.Lack stirring action, refractory metal is in melting
Be difficult to quickly melt in the process, high density, low-density metal be difficult to be uniformly distributed in molten metal, cause casting chemical composition
Segregation is serious.Using ground flux, the air pollution to production scene can be increased, endangers the health of staff.It is heavier
It wants, selects traditional smelting technology, some are required with stringent high manganic aluminum bronze product, be extremely difficult to technology requirement.
In high manganic aluminum bronze alloy standard substance preparation process, strict requirements are proposed to alloying component, it is desirable that Al,
7 kinds of alloying elements of Mn, Fe, Ni, Zn, Si, Pb must satisfy design requirement.Meanwhile the ingot casting of preparation do not allow there are stomata,
The defects of slag inclusion, ingot chemistry should be evenly distributed.And first ring of the melting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy as preparation process
Section is particularly important, therefore, it is necessary to using new smelting technology, improves the quality of molten metal, further improves high-manganses aluminum blueness
The quality of copper alloy products.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy, are particularly suitable for melting
ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys and ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys, it is ensured that the alloying metal liquid energy meets standard substance preparation
It is required that solve the problems, such as that alloying component content can not be controlled accurately under traditional handicraft, at the same reduce the slag inclusion in molten metal and
Gas content.
The technical solution adopted in the present invention is the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy, specifically according to following steps reality
It applies：
Step 1 is first handled the furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace；Then in the burner hearth bottom center of intermediate frequency furnace
Gas diffuser is installed；Cast iron material is finally added in into intermediate frequency furnace and carries out baker；
Step 2, after the completion for the treatment of step 1, according to want melting ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or
The ingredient of ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys carries out design of alloy；
ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：Al：7.00wt.%~8.50wt.%, Mn：
11.50wt.%~14.00wt.%, Fe：2.50wt.%~4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜
0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤ 0.02wt.%, remaining is the sum of Cu, N, H, O, the weight percent of each component
For absolutely；
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：Al：7.80wt.%~8.80wt.%, Mn：
13.50wt.%~15.00wt.%, Fe：2.80wt.%~4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜
0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤ 0.02wt.%, remaining is the sum of Cu, N, H, O, the weight percent of each component
For absolutely；
Step 3, after step 1 and step 2, tool used in the raw material and fusion process of molten alloy is located in advance
Reason, and clear up the residual of the furnace charge in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth；
Step 4, according to ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys to target value and this
The melting loss rate of each element carries out burdening calculation respectively in two kinds of alloys；
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts by step 5, takes out the burner hearth bottom that portion therein is layered on intermediate frequency furnace；
Then high-purity iron filings, electrolytic nickel bits are added in, then are sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets are continuously added later；It is eventually adding
Electrolytic manganese, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
Step 6, through step 5 complete shove charge after, feeding temperature-raising, increase fusing power, make furnace charge rapid melting, treat to go out in stove
During existing molten metal, rafifinal is added portionwise, tough cathode is promoted to melt rapid melting；
Step 7, it is load melting after, continue to heat up, be kept the temperature after molten metal temperature is risen to 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C
15min~25min, stirring molten metal make iron filings, nickel bits fully melt；Meanwhile after molten metal fusing, pass through burner hearth bottom
Gas diffuser argon gas is passed through into stove；
Step 8 after the completion for the treatment of step 7, closes the power supply of intermediate frequency furnace, adjusts Ventilation Rate, continues to ventilate, and add in
Remaining portion tough cathode simultaneously reduces molten metal temperature, then keep the temperature at 1050 DEG C~1100 DEG C, adds in technical pure later
Zinc and pure lead, and be stirred using graphite stirring rod；
Step 9 after the completion for the treatment of step 8, is kept the temperature after the temperature of molten metal is risen to 1200 DEG C~1250 DEG C, continues to be passed through argon
Gas, and use mechanical stirring device stirring molten metal；
Step 10 after the completion for the treatment of step 9, carries out stokehold composition detection；
Step 11 after the completion for the treatment of step 10, carries out quality of molten metal detection, judges whether molten metal is qualified；
Step 12, after step 11 judges quality of molten metal qualification, molten metal temperature is controlled in 1200 DEG C~1230 DEG C,
Close after power supply and with Slag Tool take molten metal surface slag off, come out of the stove to obtain ZCuAl8Mn 13Fe3N i2 alloys or
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys.
The features of the present invention also characterized in that：
Step 1 is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1.1, using 250kg intermediate frequency furnaces, joint sealing three times is smeared at the burner hearth induction coil of intermediate frequency furnace
Mud to ensure to form enclosure space inside the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace, treats that joint sealing mud is done and acidity is added in backward intermediate frequency furnace
Gainster；
Step 1.2, after step 1.1, the burner hearth bottom center of intermediate frequency furnace install gas diffuser, and
Start from the central position to excircle ramming, put when the acid furnace wadding of ramming covers gas diffuser and thickness reaches 40mm
Put crucible mold mould, be consistent the concentricity of crucible mold mould and inductor coil, add acid furnace wadding and after
Continuous ramming, every layer of charging is no more than 100mm, and first gently to insert degasification with fork during charging, then with flat head tool ramming；
Step 1.3, after step 1.2, in the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace adding in cast iron material carries out baker, and cast iron material is in stove
It to place closely knit in thorax, slowly heat up to burner hearth, heating rate control is 10 DEG C/6min, to be heated to 780 DEG C~820 DEG C
1h is kept the temperature, the moisture in acid furnace wadding is made fully to remove, continues thereafter with heating, heating rate is 50 DEG C/10min, until casting
Iron charge is completely melt, then keeps the temperature 2h after fire box temperature is risen to 1460 DEG C~1500 DEG C.
Step 3 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods：
First alloy is taken to prepare raw material respectively according to the ingredient in step 2：Tough cathode 99.96%, rafifinal 99.94%, electricity
Solve manganese 99.95%, electrolytic nickel 99.91%, high purity iron 99.92%, industrial-purity zinc 99.90%, pure lead 99.92%, silicon metal
99.97%；Then oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, later will to avoid exogenous impurity pollution molten metal
Silicon metal and all metals are put into drying in baking oven, with the moisture and greasy dirt of removal attachment, in drying process, oven temperature control
It is made as 210 DEG C~230 DEG C；Refractory metal Fe and W metal are finally processed into bits shape, it is existing that bits shape furnace charge should not have oxidation
As；
After the completion for the treatment of step 1, the furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, uses tough cathode cleaning oven when necessary
Thorax avoids exotic contaminated melt；
Drying and processing is carried out respectively to sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and the Slag Tool used in follow-up fusion process, and
Respectively zircon flour coating is coated in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface.
In step 4, the melting loss rate difference of each element is as follows in two kinds of alloys：
The melting loss rate of Al is 5.0%, the melting loss rate of Mn is 2.5%, the melting loss rate of Fe is 0, the melting loss rate of Ni is 0.5%,
The melting loss rate of Zn is 4.0%, the melting loss rate of Pb is 0.5%, the melting loss rate of Si is 0.5%.
In step 7, argon pressure is adjusted to 0.15MPa, and argon gas intake is 5L/min~15L/min.
In step 9, mechanical agitation rate control is 115r/min~125r/min.
Step 10 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods：
Spectrum sample block before pouring furnace detects end face with lathe process, according to testing result, is mended with reference to design object value
Material calculates, and calculates institute's material quantity to be added and is added.
Step 11 is specifically implemented in accordance with the following methods：
It takes graphite crucible and the pre-heat treatment is carried out to graphite crucible；
Molten metal is dipped with sample spoon to pour into the graphite crucible of preheating, and the graphite crucible for being loaded with molten metal is placed in very
In empty hydrogen meter, in vacuumizing phase, with the solidification of molten metal, sample surfaces situation of change is observed, so as to judge molten metal
Quality, criterion are specific as follows：
The liquid level center portion position of molten metal is recessed apparent, and judgement quality of molten metal is qualified, then enters step 12；Otherwise, it is golden
It is off quality to belong to liquid, to re-start refining treatment.
Preheating temperature in step 11 is 200 DEG C~240 DEG C.
The beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention can be used for the fusion process control of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy,
It can accurately control and ensure the content of each alloying element of high manganic aluminum bronze.
(2) method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention is reliably easy, and melting is convenient, while is also alloy melting mistake
The energy-saving and emission-reduction of journey provide important leverage.
(3) method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention, especially suitable for ZCuAl8Mn 13Fe3N i2 and
The melting of two kinds of alloy products of ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 can ensure that molten metal meets standard substance and prepares requirement.
(4) method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention solves alloying component content under traditional handicraft and is difficult to accurately
The problem of control, while reduce the slag inclusion in molten metal, gas content, effectively increase the quality of molten metal.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail With reference to embodiment.
The method of smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention, is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1 is first handled the furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace；Then in the burner hearth bottom center of intermediate frequency furnace
Gas diffuser is installed；Cast iron material is finally added in into intermediate frequency furnace and carries out baker, is specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1.1, using 250kg intermediate frequency furnaces, joint sealing three times is smeared at the burner hearth induction coil of intermediate frequency furnace
Mud to ensure to form enclosure space inside the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace, treats that joint sealing mud is done and acidity is added in backward intermediate frequency furnace
Gainster；
Step 1.2, after step 1.1, the burner hearth bottom center of intermediate frequency furnace install gas diffuser, and
Start from the central position to excircle ramming, put when the acid furnace wadding of ramming covers gas diffuser and thickness reaches 40mm
Put crucible mold mould, be consistent the concentricity of crucible mold mould and inductor coil, add acid furnace wadding and after
Continuous ramming, every layer of charging is no more than 100mm, and first gently to insert degasification with fork during charging, then with flat head tool ramming；
Step 1.3, after step 1.2, in the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace adding in cast iron material carries out baker, and cast iron material is in stove
It to place closely knit in thorax, slowly heat up to burner hearth, heating rate control is 10 DEG C/6min, to be heated to 780 DEG C~820 DEG C
1h is kept the temperature, the moisture in acid furnace wadding is made fully to remove, continues thereafter with heating, heating rate is 50 DEG C/10min, until casting
Iron charge is completely melt, then keeps the temperature 2h after fire box temperature is risen to 1460 DEG C~1500 DEG C.
Step 2, after the completion for the treatment of step 1, according to want melting ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or
The ingredient of ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys carries out design of alloy；
Two kinds of alloying components are specifically as shown in table 1；
1 two kinds of alloying component tables of table
I.e. as shown in Table 1：0.03
ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：
Al：7.00wt.%~8.50wt.%, Mn：11.50wt.%~14.00wt.%, Fe：2.50wt.%~
4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜ 0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤
0.02wt.%, remaining for Cu and other impurity elements (such as：N, H, O etc.), the sum of weight percent of each component is percent
Hundred；
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：
Al：7.80wt.%~8.80wt.%, Mn：13.50wt.%~15.00wt.%, Fe：2.80wt.%~
4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜ 0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤
0.02wt.%, remaining for Cu and other impurity elements (such as：N, H, O etc.), the sum of weight percent of each component is percent
Hundred.
Step 3, after step 1 and step 2, tool used in the raw material and fusion process of molten alloy is located in advance
Reason, and the residual of the furnace charge in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, specifically implement in accordance with the following methods：
First alloy is taken to prepare raw material respectively according to the ingredient in step 2：Tough cathode (99.96%), rafifinal
(99.94%), electrolytic manganese (99.95%), electrolytic nickel (99.91%), high purity iron (99.92%), industrial-purity zinc (99.90%),
Pure lead (99.92%), silicon metal (99.97%)；Then oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, to avoid outer
Take impurity pollution molten metal；Silicon metal and all metals are put into drying in baking oven later, to remove the moisture and greasy dirt of attachment,
In drying process, oven temperature control is 210 DEG C~230 DEG C；Refractory metal Fe and W metal are finally processed into bits shape；
After the completion for the treatment of step 1, the furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, uses tough cathode cleaning oven when necessary
Thorax avoids exotic contaminated melt；
Drying and processing is carried out respectively to sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and the Slag Tool used in follow-up fusion process, and
Respectively zircon flour coating is coated in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface.
Step 4, according to ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys to target value and this
The melting loss rate of each element carries out burdening calculation respectively in two kinds of alloys；
The melting loss rate of each element is specifically as shown in table 2 in two kinds of alloys；
The melting loss rate table of various elements in 2 alloy of table
| Alloying element | Al | Mn | Fe | Ni | Zn | Pb | Si |
| Melting loss rate/% | 5.0 | 2.5 | 0 | 0.5 | 4.0 | 0.5 | 0.5 |
Two kinds of alloy standard substance dispensings are specifically as shown in table 3；
3 two kinds of alloy standard substance lists of ingredients (kg) of table
| Number | Tough cathode | Rafifinal | Electrolytic manganese | High purity iron | Electrolytic nickel | Pure lead | Pure zinc | Silicon metal |
| ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 | 72.83 | 8.15 | 13.08 | 3.25 | 2.16 | 0.015 | 0.417 | 0.1 |
| ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 | 70.55 | 8.73 | 14.62 | 3.399 | 2.162 | 0.015 | 0.417 | 0.1 |
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts by step 5, takes out the burner hearth bottom that portion therein is layered on intermediate frequency furnace；
Then high-purity iron filings, electrolytic nickel bits are added in, then are sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets (residue 1/4 is continuously added later
Tough cathode)；Electrolytic manganese is eventually adding, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
Step 6, through step 5 complete shove charge after, feeding temperature-raising, increase fusing power, make furnace charge rapid melting, treat to go out in stove
During existing molten metal, rafifinal is added portionwise, tough cathode is promoted to melt rapid melting；
The purpose for adding in rafifinal in step 6 is：On the one hand using alumina metaplasia into oxide be attached to metal
Liquid surface, contact of the isolation molten metal with air, prevents the sucking of gas, on the other hand special using the heat release in aluminium fusion process
Property, accelerate the melting of raw material.
Step 7, it is load melting after, continue to heat up, be kept the temperature after molten metal temperature is risen to 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C
15min~25min, stirring molten metal make iron filings, nickel bits fully melt；Meanwhile after molten metal fusing, pass through burner hearth bottom
Gas diffuser argon gas is passed through into stove；
Wherein, argon pressure is adjusted to 0.15MPa, intake is 5L/min~15L/min；
The purpose that argon gas is passed through into burner hearth is：Argon gas forms uniform minute bubbles by air brick, and constantly on
It rising, bubble will be attached on the slag inclusion inside molten metal at this time, and is sucked gradually to be precipitated in molten metal and be entered in bubble, with
The rising of bubble is brought to molten metal surface, plays the role of degasification slagging-off；The argon gas of effusion molten metal occupies molten metal surface,
Air is completely cut off, has achieved the purpose that protect molten metal, external environment is avoided to bring pollution to molten metal.
In addition, argon gas ventilatory capacity, depending on molten metal surface condition, liquid level of being subject to slightly rolls, it is impossible to which there are liquid levels
Splashing situation, usually 5L/min~15L/min.
Step 8 after the completion for the treatment of step 7, closes the power supply of intermediate frequency furnace, adjusts Ventilation Rate, continues to ventilate, and add in
Remaining portion tough cathode simultaneously reduces molten metal temperature, then keep the temperature at 1050 DEG C~1100 DEG C, adds in technical pure later
Zinc and pure lead, and be stirred using graphite stirring rod；
The temperature of molten metal after the completion for the treatment of step 8 (after i.e. all raw material adds in), is risen to 1180 DEG C by step 9
It is kept the temperature after~1250 DEG C, continues into burner hearth to be passed through argon gas, and using mechanical stirring device stirring gold using gas diffuser
Belong to liquid；
In step 9, the purpose stirred using mechanical stirring device is：Each alloying element is promoted to be sufficiently mixed；Machinery
Stir speed (S.S.) control is 115r/min~125r/min.
Step 10 after the completion for the treatment of step 9, carries out stokehold composition detection, specifically implements in accordance with the following methods：
Spectrum sample block before pouring furnace detects end face with lathe process, according to testing result, is mended with reference to design object value
Material calculates, and calculates institute's material quantity to be added and is added.
Step 11, after the completion for the treatment of step 10, carry out quality of molten metal detection, judge whether molten metal qualified, specifically according to
Following methods are implemented：
It takes graphite crucible and (alloy liquid quality detection graphite crucible, must before to graphite crucible progress the pre-heat treatment
The pre-heat treatment must be carried out, preheating temperature is 200 DEG C~240 DEG C)；
Molten metal is dipped with sample spoon to pour into the graphite crucible of preheating, and the graphite crucible for being loaded with molten metal is placed in very
In empty hydrogen meter, in vacuumizing phase, with the solidification of molten metal, molten metal surface situation of change is observed, so as to judge metal
Liquid quality, criterion are specific as follows：
The liquid level center portion position of molten metal is recessed apparent, and judgement quality of molten metal is qualified, then enters step 12；
Otherwise, quality of molten metal is unqualified, to re-start refining treatment.
Step 12, after step 11 judges quality of molten metal qualification, molten metal temperature is controlled in 1200 DEG C~1230 DEG C,
Close after power supply and with Slag Tool take molten metal surface slag off, come out of the stove to obtain ZCuAl8Mn 13Fe3N i2 alloys or
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys.
Embodiment 1
The melting of ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys：
Stock：By feeding intake, 100kg is calculated, and weighs tough cathode 72.83kg, rafifinal 8.15kg, electrolytic manganese 13.08kg, height
Pure iron 3.25kg, electrolytic nickel 2.16kg, industrial-purity zinc 0.417kg, pure lead 0.015kg and silicon metal 0.100kg are as raw material；
Oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, pollutes molten metal to avoid exogenous impurity；It later will knot
Crystal silicon and all metals are put into drying in baking oven, with the moisture and greasy dirt of removal attachment, in drying process, oven temperature control
It is 220 DEG C；High-melting-point alloy material pure iron and pure nickel are processed into bits shape；The furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, it must
Burner hearth is cleaned with tough cathode when wanting, avoids exotic contaminated melt；To used in follow-up fusion process sample spoon, graphite stirs
It mixes stick and Slag Tool and carries out drying and processing respectively, and coat zirconium in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface respectively
English powder coating；
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts, portion therein is taken to be layered on the burner hearth bottom of intermediate frequency furnace；Then iron is added in
Bits, electrolytic nickel bits, then it is sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets (tough cathode of residue 1/4) are continuously added later；Finally plus
Enter electrolytic manganese, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
After the completion for the treatment of shove charge, feeding temperature-raising increases fusing power, promotes furnace charge rapid melting；Treat occur molten metal in stove
When, rafifinal is added portionwise, after tough cathode the end of melting, continues to heat up, molten metal temperature is risen to 1325 DEG C, heat preservation
20min, while strengthen stirring, furnace charge is promoted fully to melt；
After alloy material is melting down, the gas diffuser installed using furnace bottom is passed through argon gas, argon gas ventilatory capacity into burner hearth
Depending on molten metal surface condition, liquid level of being subject to slightly rolls, it is impossible to, will in fusion process there are liquid level splashing situation
Argon pressure is adjusted to 0.15MPa, and intake is 11L/min；
After load melting, add in remaining a tough cathode and reduce molten metal temperature, molten metal temperature is kept
Industrial-purity zinc and pure lead are added at 1070 DEG C, and is stirred with graphite stirring rod；
After treating that all raw material adds in, raising molten metal temperature to 1200 DEG C and continues to keep the temperature, and utilizes gas diffusion
Device continues to be passed through argon gas, while use mechanical stirring device stirring molten metal, and stir speed (S.S.) 120r/min promotes each alloy
Element is sufficiently mixed；
Spectrum sample block before cast ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloying furnaces, carries out composition detection, stokehold testing result such as 4 institute of table
Show；
4 embodiment 1ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloying component control tables of table
Feed supplement：Rafifinal 0.074kg, electrolytic manganese 0.051kg, high purity iron 0.03kg, electrolytic nickel 0.04kg, pure lead
0.002kg；
High manganic aluminum bronze liquid (molten metal) is dipped with sample spoon and pours into preheated graphite crucible, and is immediately placed in vacuum and is surveyed hydrogen
In instrument, underpressure pattern, the process of setting of observation high manganic aluminum bronze liquid (molten metal), ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloy samples are opened
Block center portion is got deeply stuck in, and illustrates that melt quality is good；
Molten metal temperature is controlled in 1210 DEG C, power supply is closed, aluminium alloy surface slag is taken off with Slag Tool, after coming out of the stove
Obtain ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys.
Embodiment 2
The melting of ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys：
Stock：By feeding intake, 100kg is calculated, and weighs tough cathode 72.83kg, rafifinal 8.15kg, electrolytic manganese 13.08kg, height
Pure iron 3.25kg, electrolytic nickel 2.16kg, industrial-purity zinc 0.417kg, pure lead 0.015kg and silicon metal 0.100kg are as raw material；
Oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, pollutes molten metal to avoid exogenous impurity；It later will knot
Crystal silicon and all metals are put into drying in baking oven, with the moisture and greasy dirt of removal attachment, in drying process, oven temperature control
It is 230 DEG C；Refractory metal Fe and W metal are processed into bits shape；The furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, it is necessary
Shi Yaoyong tough cathodes clean burner hearth, avoid exotic contaminated melt；To used in follow-up fusion process sample spoon, graphite stirring
Stick and Slag Tool carry out drying and processing respectively, and coat zirconium English in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface respectively
Powder coating；
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts, portion therein is layered on to the burner hearth bottom of intermediate frequency furnace；Then iron is added in
Bits, electrolytic nickel bits, then it is sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets (tough cathode of residue 1/4) are continuously added later；Finally plus
Enter electrolytic manganese, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
After the completion for the treatment of shove charge, feeding temperature-raising increases fusing power, promotes furnace charge rapid melting；Treat occur molten metal in stove
When, rafifinal is added portionwise, after tough cathode the end of melting, continues to heat up, molten metal temperature is risen to 1350 DEG C, heat preservation
15min, while strengthen stirring, furnace charge is promoted fully to melt；
In the presence of having liquid level in the furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace, the gas diffuser installed using furnace bottom is thought to lead in furnace body
Enter argon gas, depending on molten metal surface condition, liquid level of being subject to slightly rolls argon gas ventilatory capacity, it is impossible to which there are liquid level splashing feelings
Argon pressure is adjusted to 0.15MPa, and intake is 15L/min by condition；
After load melting, remaining a tough cathode is added in, molten metal temperature is reduced, keeps the temperature at 1100
DEG C, industrial-purity zinc and pure lead are added in, and be stirred with graphite stirring rod；
After treating that all raw material adds in, raising molten metal temperature to 1250 DEG C and is kept the temperature, and utilizes gas diffuser
Continue to be passed through argon gas,
Simultaneously using mechanical stirring device stirring molten metal, stir speed (S.S.) 125r/min promotes each alloying element abundant
Mixing；
Spectrum sample block before cast ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloying furnaces, carries out composition detection, stokehold testing result such as upper table 4
It is shown；
Feed supplement：Rafifinal 0.074kg, electrolytic manganese 0.051kg, high purity iron 0.03kg, electrolytic nickel 0.04kg, pure lead
0.002kg；
High manganic aluminum bronze liquid (molten metal) is dipped with sample spoon and pours into preheated graphite crucible, and is immediately placed in vacuum and is surveyed hydrogen
In instrument, underpressure pattern, the process of setting of observation high manganic aluminum bronze liquid (molten metal), ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloy samples are opened
Block center portion is got deeply stuck in, and illustrates that melt quality is good；
Molten metal temperature is controlled in 1230 DEG C, power supply is closed, aluminium alloy surface slag is taken off with Slag Tool, after coming out of the stove
Obtain ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys.
Embodiment 3
The melting of ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys：
Stock：By feeding intake, 100kg is calculated, and weighs tough cathode 70.55kg, rafifinal 8.73kg, electrolytic manganese 14.62kg, height
Pure iron 3.399kg, electrolytic nickel 2.162kg, industrial-purity zinc 0.417kg, pure lead 0.015kg and silicon metal 0.100kg are as raw material；
Oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, pollutes molten metal to avoid exogenous impurity；It later will knot
Crystal silicon and all metals are put into drying in baking oven, with the moisture and greasy dirt of removal attachment, in drying process, oven temperature control
It is 210 DEG C；Refractory metal Fe and W metal are processed into bits shape；The furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, it is necessary
Shi Yaoyong tough cathodes clean burner hearth, avoid exotic contaminated melt；To used in follow-up fusion process sample spoon, graphite stirring
Stick and Slag Tool carry out drying and processing respectively, and coat zirconium English in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface respectively
Powder coating；
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts, a copy of it is layered on the burner hearth bottom of intermediate frequency furnace；Then iron filings, electricity are added in
Nickel bits are solved, then are sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets (tough cathode of residue 1/4) are continuously added later；It is eventually adding electricity
Xie Meng, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
After the completion for the treatment of shove charge, feeding temperature-raising increases fusing power, promotes furnace charge rapid melting；Treat occur molten metal in stove
When, rafifinal is added portionwise, after tough cathode the end of melting, continues to heat up, molten metal temperature is risen to 1300 DEG C, heat preservation
25min, while strengthen stirring, furnace charge is promoted fully to melt；
In the presence of having liquid level in the furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace, the gas diffuser installed using furnace bottom is thought to lead in furnace body
Enter argon gas, depending on molten metal surface condition, liquid level of being subject to slightly rolls argon gas ventilatory capacity, and liquid level splashing feelings not may be present
Argon pressure in fusion process, is adjusted to 0.15MPa, intake 5L/min by condition；
After load melting, remaining a tough cathode is added in, molten metal temperature is reduced, keeps the temperature at 1050
DEG C, industrial-purity zinc and pure lead are added in, and be stirred with graphite stirring rod；
After treating that all raw material adds in, raising molten metal temperature to 1180 DEG C and is kept the temperature, and utilizes gas diffuser
Continue to be passed through argon gas, while use mechanical stirring device stirring molten metal, stir speed (S.S.) 115r/min promotes each alloying element
It is sufficiently mixed；
Spectrum sample block before cast ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloying furnaces, carries out composition detection；
High manganic aluminum bronze liquid is dipped with sample spoon and pours into preheated graphite crucible, and is immediately placed in vacuum hydrogen meter, is opened
Underpressure pattern is opened, observes the process of setting of molten metal, ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloy sample block center portions are got deeply stuck in, and illustrate melt matter
Amount is good；
Molten metal temperature is controlled in 1200 DEG C, power supply is closed, aluminium alloy surface slag is taken off with Slag Tool, after coming out of the stove
Obtain ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys.
Specifically one kind utilizes Medium frequency induction to the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention under atmospheric environment
The method of stove smelting copper alloy is mainly used for melting ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys, really
Insurance money category hydroful foot standard substance prepares requirement, solves the problems, such as that alloying component content can not be controlled accurately under traditional handicraft, together
When reduce slag inclusion and gas content in molten metal, improve quality of molten metal.In short, high manganic aluminum bronze alloy of the present invention
Method of smelting simultaneously can be used for mainly for the preparation of the fusion process of high manganic aluminum bronze class standard substance ingot casting to such alloy
The production process of the more demanding product of casting quality.
Claims (7)
1. the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy, which is characterized in that be specifically implemented according to the following steps：
Step 1, using 250kg intermediate frequency furnaces, first the furnace body of intermediate frequency furnace is handled；Then in intermediate frequency furnace
Burner hearth bottom center is installed by gas diffuser；Cast iron material is finally added in into intermediate frequency furnace and carries out baker；Specifically according to
Following step is implemented：
Step 1.1, using 250kg intermediate frequency furnaces, joint sealing mud three times is smeared at the burner hearth induction coil of intermediate frequency furnace, with
Ensure to form enclosure space inside the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace, treat that joint sealing mud is done and acid lining is added in backward intermediate frequency furnace
Material；
Step 1.2, after step 1.1, gas diffuser is installed in the burner hearth bottom center of intermediate frequency furnace, and therefrom
Heart position starts to excircle ramming, and earthenware is placed when the acid furnace wadding of ramming covers gas diffuser and thickness reaches 40mm
Crucible mould mould, be consistent the concentricity of crucible mold mould and inductor coil, add acid furnace wadding and continue to smash
It beats, every layer of charging is no more than 100mm, and first gently to insert degasification with fork during charging, then with flat head tool ramming；
Step 1.3, after step 1.2, in the burner hearth of intermediate frequency furnace adding in cast iron material carries out baker, and cast iron material is in burner hearth
It places closely knit, slowly heats up to burner hearth, heating rate control is 10 DEG C/6min, and to be heated to 780 DEG C~820 DEG C whens keep the temperature
1h makes the moisture in acid furnace wadding fully remove, and continues thereafter with heating, heating rate is 50 DEG C/10min, until cast iron material
It is completely melt, then 2h is kept the temperature after fire box temperature is risen to 1460 DEG C~1500 DEG C；
Step 2 after the completion for the treatment of step 1, is closed according to the ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 for wanting melting
The ingredient of gold carries out design of alloy；
ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：Al：7.00wt.%~8.50wt.%, Mn：
11.50wt.%~14.00wt.%, Fe：2.50wt.%~4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜
0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤ 0.02wt.%, remaining is the sum of Cu, N, H, O, the weight percent of each component
For absolutely；
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloy each element content ranges are：Al：7.80wt.%~8.80wt.%, Mn：
13.50wt.%~15.00wt.%, Fe：2.80wt.%~4.00wt.%, Ni：1.80wt.%~2.50wt.%, Zn：＜
0.5wt.%, Si：≤ 0.15wt.%, Pb：≤ 0.02wt.%, remaining is the sum of Cu, N, H, O, the weight percent of each component
For absolutely；
Step 3, after step 1 and step 2, tool used in the raw material and fusion process of molten alloy is pre-processed,
And clear up the residual of the furnace charge in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth；Specifically implement by the following method：
First alloy is taken to prepare raw material respectively according to the ingredient in step 2：Tough cathode 99.96%, rafifinal 99.94%, electrolytic manganese
99.95%th, electrolytic nickel 99.91%, high purity iron 99.92%, industrial-purity zinc 99.90%, pure lead 99.92%, silicon metal
99.97%；Then oxide on surface cleaning processing is carried out to all metals, later will to avoid exogenous impurity pollution molten metal
Silicon metal and all metals are put into drying in baking oven, with the moisture and greasy dirt of removal attachment, in drying process, oven temperature control
It is made as 210 DEG C~230 DEG C；Refractory metal Fe and W metal are finally processed into bits shape, it is existing that bits shape furnace charge should not have oxidation
As；
After the completion for the treatment of step 1, the furnace charge residual in intermediate frequency furnace burner hearth is cleared up, then cleans burner hearth with tough cathode, is avoided outer
Carry out object contaminated melt；
Carry out drying and processing respectively to sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and the Slag Tool used in follow-up fusion process, and respectively
Zircon flour coating is coated in sample spoon, graphite stirring rod and Slag Tool outer surface；
Step 4, according to ZCuAl8Mn13Fe3Ni2 alloys or ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys to target value and both
The melting loss rate of each element carries out burdening calculation respectively in alloy；
Tough cathode equivalent is divided into four parts by step 5, takes out the burner hearth bottom that portion therein is layered on intermediate frequency furnace；Then
High-purity iron filings, electrolytic nickel bits are added in, then are sprinkled into crystallization silicon particle；Two parts of cathode copper billets are continuously added later；It is eventually adding electrolysis
Manganese, inner of the boiler chamber material will keep closely knit, complete shove charge；
Step 6, after step 5 completes shove charge, feeding temperature-raising increases fusing power, makes furnace charge rapid melting, treat to occur in stove compared with
During more molten metals, rafifinal is added portionwise, promotes furnace charge rapid melting；
Step 7, it is load melting after, continue to heat up, after molten metal temperature is risen to 1300 DEG C~1350 DEG C keep the temperature 15min~
25min, stirring molten metal make iron filings, nickel bits fully melt；Meanwhile after molten metal fusing, expanded by the gas of burner hearth bottom
In bulk put is passed through argon gas into stove；
Step 8 after the completion for the treatment of step 7, closes the power supply of intermediate frequency furnace, adjusts Ventilation Rate, continues to ventilate, and add in residue
A tough cathode and reduce molten metal temperature, then keep the temperature at 1050 DEG C~1100 DEG C, later add in industrial-purity zinc and
Pure lead, and be stirred using graphite stirring rod；
Step 9 after the completion for the treatment of step 8, is kept the temperature after the temperature of molten metal is risen to 1200 DEG C~1250 DEG C, continues to be passed through argon gas,
And use mechanical stirring device stirring molten metal；
Step 10 after the completion for the treatment of step 9, carries out stokehold composition detection；
Step 11 after the completion for the treatment of step 10, carries out quality of molten metal detection, judges whether molten metal is qualified；
Step 12, after step 11 judges quality of molten metal qualification, molten metal temperature is controlled in 1200 DEG C~1230 DEG C, is closed
Take molten metal surface slag off with Slag Tool after power supply, come out of the stove to obtain ZCuAl8Mn 13Fe3N i2 alloys or
ZCuAl8Mn14Fe3Ni2 alloys.
2. according to the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy described in claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 4, two kinds
The melting loss rate difference of each element is as follows in alloy：
The melting loss rate of Al is 5.0%, the melting loss rate of Mn is 2.5%, the melting loss rate of Fe is 0, the melting loss rate of Ni is 0.5%, Zn
Melting loss rate is 4.0%, the melting loss rate of Pb is 0.5%, the melting loss rate of Si is 0.5%.
3. the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that, will in the step 7
Argon pressure is adjusted to 0.15MPa, and argon gas intake is 5L/min~15L/min.
4. the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in the step 9, machine
The control of tool stir speed (S.S.) is 115r/min~125r/min.
5. the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 10 is specifically pressed
Implement according to following methods：
Spectrum sample block before pouring furnace detects end face with lathe process, according to testing result, feed supplement meter is carried out with reference to design object value
It calculates, calculate institute's material quantity to be added and is added.
6. the method for smelting of high manganic aluminum bronze alloy according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step 11 is specifically pressed
Implement according to following methods：
It takes graphite crucible and the pre-heat treatment is carried out to graphite crucible；
Molten metal is dipped with sample spoon to pour into the graphite crucible of preheating, and the graphite crucible for being loaded with molten metal is placed in vacuum and is surveyed
In hydrogen instrument, in vacuumizing phase, with the solidification of molten metal, sample surfaces situation of change is observed, so as to judge quality of molten metal,
Criterion is specific as follows：
The liquid level center portion position of molten metal is recessed apparent, and judgement quality of molten metal is qualified, then enters step 12；Otherwise, molten metal
It is off quality, to re-start refining treatment.
7. the method for smelting of the high manganic aluminum bronze alloy according to claim 6, which is characterized in that in the step 11
Preheating temperature is 200 DEG C~240 DEG C.
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| CN108411151B (en) * | 2018-03-31 | 2019-07-09 | 西安诺博尔稀贵金属材料有限公司 | A kind of vacuum induction melting method of high Mn content copper manganese intermediate alloy |
| CN110629068A (en) * | 2018-06-25 | 2019-12-31 | 南京理工大学 | Zirconium microalloyed multi-element complex cast aluminum bronze alloy |
| CN113718130B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2023-03-31 | 沈阳铸造研究所有限公司 | As-cast high-strength manganese-aluminum bronze alloy and preparation method thereof |
| CN114480911A (en) * | 2021-12-17 | 2022-05-13 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | High-forgeability manganese-aluminum-iron bronze alloy and smelting method |
| CN114480871A (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2022-05-13 | 洛阳双瑞特种装备有限公司 | Smelting method of manganese-aluminum-iron-nickel bronze alloy |
| CN115323201A (en) * | 2022-07-27 | 2022-11-11 | 中机智能装备创新研究院(宁波)有限公司 | Preparation method of aluminum bronze alloy and aluminum bronze alloy |
| CN116837246B (en) * | 2023-07-04 | 2024-01-23 | 秦皇岛峰越科技有限公司 | Preparation method of in-situ generated aluminum-based titanium carbide composite material |
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