Background technique
High molecular material by external force, is inevitably generated the local damages such as crackle, causes in use
The deterioration of material property.Self-repair material can perceive this damage in time, repair to crackle etc., remove a hidden danger and extend
The service life of material.
Recent years, microcapsules become new focus in the application of high molecular material selfreparing, by by encapsulated epoxy
Resin dispersion is in resin base, and when material damage, microcapsules rupture under the action of crack stress releases epoxy resin, with tree
Polymerization reaction occurs for catalyst or curing agent contact in aliphatic radical body, to realize the reparation of damage surface.But use this side
Formula has an adverse effect to material performance itself if curing agent or catalyst usage amount are larger, if usage amount is smaller,
Then catalyst present on crack planes or curing agent are less, cannot sufficiently carry out selfreparing.
Polythiol is prepared into capsule-type curing agent by Chinese publication CN101116806A, solves problem above, but
Core materials are easy to crosslink with wall material in microencapsulation processes to react and be consumed and exist simultaneously curing agent in capsule and deposit
Store up unstable problem.Chinese patent CN104193965A discloses a kind of imidazoles epoxy hardener microcapsules and its preparation side
Method, but need to be heating and curing in repair process.
Traditional epoxy resin amine room temperature curing agent has hydrophily, therefore it is very tired to carry out microencapsulation in water
Difficulty makes for this purpose, Chinese patent CN103285795A discloses a kind of modified amine curing agent microcapsules and its preparation method and application
With water-soluble modified amine curing agent, but because it is modified not exclusively, a large amount of water-soluble amine monomers are still had in curing agent, in capsule
The waste of curing agent is caused during changing.
United States Patent (USP) US3396117 uses extrusion technique, produces curing agent microcapsules by physical method, utilizes alginic acid
Salt or the mixtures such as alginate and polyvinyl alcohol, gelatin carry out the mixture of packing diethylenetriamine and nonyl phenol as wall material;
Technology is added dropwise using orifice in United States Patent (USP) US3791980, utilizes thermoplastic materials packing ethylenediamine.But the former is prone to wall material
Bacterial degradation, the latter's capsule wall thickness are more than 100 μm, and need special processing unit (plant), are not able to satisfy for selfreparing composite wood
The basic demand in the fields such as material.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a kind of Novel curing agent microcapsules, to meet the need for fields such as Self-repair Composites
It asks.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of room curing epoxy hardener microcapsules based on the insoluble type amine of water, the capsules
Use the insoluble type amine of water as raw material, can overcome the shortcomings of that mercaptan is easy polymerization and imidazoles requirement hot setting, so that capsule-core
Curing agent stable storing, and can be damaged in room temperature material for quickly repairing.
It is a further object to provide the above-mentioned room curing epoxy hardener microcapsules based on the insoluble type amine of water
Preparation method, this method is used as core materials using the insoluble type amine of water, facilitates and carry out microencapsulation in water.With Lauxite
For microcapsule wall material.
In order to realize the above goal of the invention, the technical scheme is that
A kind of room curing epoxy hardener microcapsules based on the insoluble type amine of water, the component system comprising following parts by weight
It is standby to form:
In the present invention, the insoluble type amine of the water can be insoluble for the insoluble type fatty amine of water, the insoluble type aliphatic cyclic amine of water and water
One of type aromatic amine is a variety of.
In the present invention, it is 7-12 that the insoluble type fatty amine of the water, which is carbon atom number, preferably 7-10, at least containing there are three living
Hydrogen is sprinkled, the insoluble type fatty amine of water of 4 active hydrogens is preferably comprised;More preferably it is greater than 6 polymethylene diamines containing carbon number, it can be with
Such as heptamethylene diamines included and/or eight methylene diamines.
In the present invention, it is 6-30 that the insoluble type aliphatic cyclic amine of the water, which is carbon atom number, preferably 10-20, at least contain there are three
Active hydrogen preferably comprises the insoluble type aliphatic cyclic amine of water of 4 active hydrogens;More preferably 4,4'- diamino double-hexyl methane, 4,4'-
Di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide (2- methyl cyclohexylamine) and 1,8- diamino are to one of terpane or a variety of.
In the present invention, it is 6-30 that the insoluble type aromatic amine of the water, which is carbon atom number, preferably 10-20, at least contain there are three
Active hydrogen preferably comprises the insoluble type aromatic amine of water of 4 active hydrogens;More preferably 4,4'- diaminodiphenyl-methane, diethyl
One of toluenediamine, 4,4'- diamino -3,3'- dimethyl diphenyl methane and 4,4' diaminodiphenyl sulfone are a variety of.
In the present invention, scheme more preferably, the insoluble type amine of the water is selected from 4,4'- diamino double-hexyl methane, 4,
4'- di-2-ethylhexylphosphine oxide (2- methyl cyclohexylamine), 1,8- diamino are to one of terpane and diethyl toluene diamine etc. or a variety of.
In the present invention, the formaldehyde used is usually the formalin of 37wt%.
In the present invention, the diluent is in the hydro carbons for being insoluble or slightly soluble in water, alcohols, esters and ethers etc.
It is one or more, one of can include such as toluene, n-hexyl alcohol, benzyl alcohol, ethyl acetate and butyl ether or a variety of.
In the present invention, the promotor is the acids for being insoluble or slightly soluble in water, phenols, alcohols, tertiary amines, sulphur
One of alcohols and organophosphorus compound etc. are a variety of, can include such as benzoic acid, nonyl phenol, n-hexyl alcohol, benzene first
One of alcohol, triethylamine and triphenylphosphine etc. are a variety of.
In the present invention, the emulsifier is neopelex (DBS), lauryl sodium sulfate (K12), benzene second
Alkene-copolymer-maleic anhydride (SMA), ethylene maleic acid anhydride copolymer, gum arabic, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fat
One of acid esters, gelatin, polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyethylene glycol are a variety of;Preferably neopelex (DBS),
One of lauryl sodium sulfate, gelatin and polyvinyl alcohol are a variety of.
A method of preparing above-mentioned microcapsules, comprising the following steps:
A, formalin and urea proportionally, are added in the reactor, after urea is completely dissolved, adjusts pH value of solution
Value is 8~9, and temperature reaction obtains ureaformaldehyde performed polymer;
B, after the ureaformaldehyde performed polymer that step a is obtained is cooling, it is optionally added into the aqueous solution containing emulsifier, is then added
The insoluble type amine of uniformly mixed water and optional promotor, diluent after being uniformly mixed, heat up after adjusting pH value to 2~4
Reaction;
C, the reaction mixture that step b is obtained is washed through water and/or acetone soln, is filtered, can be obtained after dry
Microcapsule product.
In the present invention, the dissolution of urea, 10~30min of dissolution time can be accelerated in the step a by stirring.
In the present invention, pH value, including but not limited to sodium hydroxide solution, hydroxide are adjusted using lye in the step a
One of potassium solution, sodium carbonate liquor and triethanolamine are a variety of.
In the present invention, the reaction temperature of the step a is 40-70 DEG C, preferably 50~65 DEG C, reaction time 10min
~1.5h, preferably 0.5~1h.
Make after the insoluble type amine of water is added in the present invention, in the step b and stirs 20~30min after optional promotor
Reaction mass is uniformly mixed.
In the present invention, pH value is adjusted using acid solution in the step b, the acid solution includes but is not limited to hydrochloric acid solution, sulphur
One of acid solution, ammonium hydroxide solution and citric acid solution are a variety of.
In the present invention, the step b is warming up to 50~90 DEG C, reacts 2~6h.
In the present invention, the microcapsule product being prepared is usually white, and microcapsule coated rate is high, reachable 65-85%,
Microencapsulated forms are regular, and size is in tens nanometer to hundreds of microns, preferably 50-200 μm, and more preferable 70-185 μm.
The present invention is controlled by change mixing speed, emulsifier and dosage, the pH value of reaction system and reaction temperature
Clad ratio, dispersibility and the particle size of microcapsules processed.By adjusting the insoluble type amine microcapsules packet of water prepared by the above parameter
Rate height is covered, up to 65-85%, microencapsulated forms are regular, of uniform size.
The present invention controls the viscosity and reaction speed of capsule-core curing agent by adjusting diluent, the type of promotor and dosage
Degree, to control the rate of release and selfreparing reaction speed of capsule-core curing agent.
The invention has the following advantages:
(1) insoluble using the insoluble type amine of water or water for the defect of physical method production curing agent microcapsules in the present invention
Type amine type diluent insoluble with optional water and/or the insoluble type accelerator mixture of optional water are capsule-core, and Lauxite is capsule
Wall carries out microencapsulation in water, and the curing agent microcapsule coated rate of this method preparation is high, and stability is good, easily disperses;
(2) preparation method is simple by the present invention, and the reaction time is short, and the insoluble type amine of the water after cladding is in certain external force
Under break cyst wall and slow release;By changing mixing speed, emulsifier and dosage, the pH value of reaction system and reaction temperature
Degree can control the clad ratio, average wall thickness and particle size of curing agent microcapsules.
(3) microcapsules prepared by the present invention can directly cooperate with epoxy resin micro-capsule, for high molecular material from
Repair, by change diluent type and dosage, the type of promotor and dosage can control curing agent rate of release and
With the reaction speed of epoxy resin, remediation efficiency is finally controlled.