CN106395660B - The hydraulic control system and crane of hoisting mechanism - Google Patents

The hydraulic control system and crane of hoisting mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN106395660B
CN106395660B CN201610913142.6A CN201610913142A CN106395660B CN 106395660 B CN106395660 B CN 106395660B CN 201610913142 A CN201610913142 A CN 201610913142A CN 106395660 B CN106395660 B CN 106395660B
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China
Prior art keywords
valve
oil
draining
working oil
oil path
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Active
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CN201610913142.6A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN106395660A (en
Inventor
黄杰
郭堃
罗贤智
李英智
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Zoomlion Heavy Industry Science and Technology Co Ltd
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Priority to CN201610913142.6A priority Critical patent/CN106395660B/en
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Classifications

    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/28Other constructional details
    • B66D1/40Control devices
    • B66D1/42Control devices non-automatic
    • B66D1/44Control devices non-automatic pneumatic of hydraulic
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66DCAPSTANS; WINCHES; TACKLES, e.g. PULLEY BLOCKS; HOISTS
    • B66D1/00Rope, cable, or chain winding mechanisms; Capstans
    • B66D1/02Driving gear
    • B66D1/08Driving gear incorporating fluid motors
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66CCRANES; LOAD-ENGAGING ELEMENTS OR DEVICES FOR CRANES, CAPSTANS, WINCHES, OR TACKLES
    • B66C2700/00Cranes
    • B66C2700/03Cranes with arms or jibs; Multiple cranes

Abstract

The present invention relates to engineering machinery fields, disclose the hydraulic control system and crane of a kind of hoisting mechanism, the hydraulic control system of the hoisting mechanism include hoist motor (1) and be connected to the hoist motor (1) pumping cavity the first working oil path (2) and be connected to the hoist motor (1) oil back chamber the second working oil path (3), balanced valve (4) are provided on second working oil path (3), and the external control port of the balanced valve (4) is connected to first working oil path (2) by external control oil circuit (5), the hydraulic control system further includes the bypass draining oil circuit (6) being connected between first working oil path (2) and oil return circuit.Hydraulic control system of the invention can be effectively improved the uniformity of hoist motor (1) movement velocity during elevator action launching, and weaken or load is avoided to shake.

Description

The hydraulic control system and crane of hoisting mechanism
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering machinery fields, and in particular, to a kind of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism.It is basic herein On, the invention further relates to a kind of cranes of hydraulic control system with the hoisting mechanism.
Background technique
Hoisting mechanism usually utilizes reel winding wire ropes or chain lifting or traction.For example, in autocrane In, hoisting mechanism is controlled by hydraulic control system, to control the promotion of weight by the hoist motor in the hydraulic control system And decentralization.
In order to enable moving steady (especially in decentralization process), balance is can be set in the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism Valve, to feed back the valve port opening of ground adjustment valve according to the movement velocity of load.However, this load feedback of balanced valve is special Property also Shortcomings, be easy the problems such as load jitter occurs in the start-up course that elevator is transferred.Specifically, due to hydraulic control It is used to control the response speed of the main reversing valve of hoist motor positive and negative rotation in system than the fast response time of balanced valve, causes in master The oil back chamber of hoist motor can not be by balanced valve oil return when the aperture of reversal valve is smaller, but pumping cavity quickly establishes pressure. After balanced valve is opened, hoist motor starts to act, so that pumping cavity quick pressure releasing, and then balanced valve is caused to approach to turn off.So Repeatedly, so that hoist motor movement velocity when the aperture of main reversing valve is smaller changes repeatedly, load is shaken.Especially exist Under high temperature heavy load operating condition, since the leakage rate of hoist motor and main reversing valve etc. increases, it is further exacerbated by hoist motor movement The inhomogeneities of speed, easily cause hang load weight shake, or even occur load fall, collide or boom structure part fracture damage The serious safeties accident such as bad.
In view of this, it is necessary to provide a kind of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism, to solve above-mentioned to deposit in the prior art At least partly technical problem.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a kind of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism, the hydraulic control systems System can be effectively improved the uniformity of hoist motor movement velocity during elevator action launching, and weaken or load is avoided to send out Raw shake.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic control systems of hoisting mechanism, including elevator horse Reach and be connected to the hoist motor pumping cavity the first working oil path and be connected to the hoist motor oil back chamber the Two working oil paths are provided with balanced valve in second working oil path, and the external control port of the balanced valve is connected by external control oil circuit It is connected to first working oil path, wherein the hydraulic control system further includes being connected to first working oil path and oil return Bypass draining oil circuit between oil circuit.
Preferably, the pumping cavity of the hoist motor is the decline for driving the hoisting mechanism elevator decentralization Chamber.
Preferably, the oil return circuit is the overflow oil circuit being connected in second working oil path, oil overflow road Be connected to equipped with overflow valve and at one end second working oil path between the balanced valve and the hoist motor Oil circuit part, the other end is connected to fuel tank, also, the bypass draining oil circuit connection is located at the overflow to the overflow oil circuit Oil circuit part between valve and the fuel tank.
Preferably, the hydraulic control system includes the main reversing valve for controlling the rotation direction of the hoist motor, First working oil path and second working oil path are respectively connected to the first actuator port and the second work of the main reversing valve Make hydraulic fluid port, one in first working oil path and second working oil path can be made and switching the main reversing valve Person is connected to oil inlet oil circuit.
Preferably, it is provided on the bypass draining oil circuit for controlling oil circuit on-off, flow area, flow passage resistance and leading to Flow the draining control valve at least one of direction.
Preferably, the draining control valve includes proportioning valve, and the on-off and/or valve port opening of the proportioning valve are associated with described The valve port opening of main reversing valve.
Preferably, the draining control valve includes the orifice valve for controlling the draining flow of the bypass draining oil circuit.
Preferably, the draining control valve includes for being from first working oil by bypass draining oil circuit control Oil return circuit unilaterally connected, the check valve reversely ended described in road direction.
Preferably, the draining control valve is set in bypass draining module, and the bypass draining module is detachably connected In the bypass draining oil circuit.
On this basis, the present invention also provides a kind of crane, which has hoisting mechanism and provided by the invention The hydraulic control system of above-mentioned hoisting mechanism.
Through the above technical solutions, hydraulic control system of the invention can use the first working oil path to hoist motor Pumping cavity feeds hydraulic oil, while the section hydraulic oil of first working oil path conveying can be back to by bypassing draining oil circuit Oil return circuit.As a result, during elevator action launching, the section hydraulic oil in the first working oil path is entered into bypass draining oil Road can make first working oil path will be relatively slowly establish pressure, and steadily to open balanced valve, hoist motor stabilization is opened It is dynamic.In addition, the draining flow that can flow through bypass draining oil circuit by reduction increases by first after hoist motor starts movement Working oil path is delivered to the The hydraulic oil of pumping cavity, and the obvious change for balancing valve opening is caused to avoid pumping cavity quick pressure releasing Change, convenient for stablizing the movement velocity for promoting hoist motor.
Other features and advantages of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the invention, and constitutes part of specification, with following tool Body embodiment is used to explain the present invention together, but is not construed as limiting the invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is a kind of schematic illustration of the hydraulic control system of the hoisting mechanism of preferred embodiment according to the present invention.
Description of symbols
1 hoist motor, 2 first working oil path
3 second working oil path, 4 balanced valve
5 external control oil circuits 6 bypass draining oil circuit
7 the first actuator ports of main reversing valve A
8 overflow oil circuit of the second actuator port of B
9 overflow valve, 10 fuel tank
11 draining control valve 11a proportioning valves
11b orifice valve 11c check valve
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, detailed description of the preferred embodiments.It should be understood that this place is retouched The specific embodiment stated is merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, and is not intended to restrict the invention.
In the present invention, in the absence of explanation to the contrary, various " oil circuits " refers to the road for running of hydraulic power oil Diameter should usually can allow for that required hydraulic control component (i.e. hydraulic valve) is arranged on the path, to realize or to improve it Performance.For example, " bypass draining oil circuit " of the present invention, does not usually include the structure shape for the oil duct being made only in valve block Formula, in order to which all kinds of draining control valves 11 are arranged on it, and/or, it is let out convenient for being provided with the bypass of draining control valve 11 The detachable connection of oily module.
For the ease of more fully understanding technical solution of the present invention, it is necessary first to further analyze the liquid of existing hoisting mechanism There are the basic reasons of hoist motor movement problem of non-uniform during elevator action launching for pressure control system.In conjunction with Fig. 1 institute Show, if being not provided with bypass draining oil circuit 6 and various draining control valves 11 thereon, switches to right position process in main reversing valve 7 In, since valve port opening is smaller, only a small amount of hydraulic oil from oil inlet oil circuit (not shown) enter the first working oil path 2, but by In first working oil path 2 usually already have hydraulic oil, this section hydraulic oil be sufficient to make first working oil path 2 and its Pumping cavity (being herein decline chamber) fast run-up pressure of the hoist motor 1 of connection.But the unlatching of balanced valve 4 is built relative to this presses through journey There are lag, cause hoist motor 1 oil back chamber cannot oil return in time and remain stationary.After the lag of balanced valve 4 ground is opened, elevator Motor 1 starts to act, but since the The hydraulic oil of the first working oil path 2 conveying at this time is smaller, it is difficult to keep the first working oil path 2 Pressure stablize, the aperture for eventually leading to balanced valve 4 back and forth changes, the problems such as load jitter occurs.It can be seen that hoist motor The unstable basic reason of 1 movement is: the hydraulic oil (pressure, flow) of the conveying of the first working oil path 2 and supply does not adapt to The stagnant post-opening characteristic of balanced valve 4.
On this basis, the present invention provides a kind of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism, which can be It is effectively improved the uniformity of 1 movement velocity of hoist motor during elevator action launching, and weakens or load is avoided to shake. Specifically, shown in referring to Fig.1, which includes hoist motor 1 and the first working oil path 2 and the second working oil path 3.Wherein, the first working oil path 2 is connected to the pumping cavity of hoist motor 1, and the second working oil path 3 is connected to returning for hoist motor 1 Oil pocket.It should be understood that although according to the first working oil path 2 and the second working oil path 3 and oil inlet oil circuit and oil return circuit Corresponding connected relation (main reversing valve 7 as described in through switching then), the pumping cavity and oil back chamber of hoist motor 1 can not Together, but the pumping cavity of the present invention being connected to the first working oil path 2 only refers to the work using 2 oil inlet of the first working oil path The pumping cavity of hoist motor 1 under state.Also, shake when elevator decentralization starting, the present invention can be aggravated due to load self weight Pumping cavity be preferably used for driving the decline chamber of the hoisting mechanism elevator decentralization, i.e., when utilizing the first working oil path 2 to this When declining chamber supply pressure oil, the wirerope or chain that hoist motor 1 drives the release such as reel wound thereon hang load with decentralization Weight.But the present invention is not limited thereto, is appreciated that by the explanation then to working principle of the present invention when pumping cavity is to mention When rising chamber, hydraulic control system of the invention can equally play the problem of improving 1 movement velocity uniformity of hoist motor.
In hydraulic control system of the invention, it is provided with balanced valve 4 in the second working oil path 3, the external control of the balanced valve 4 Port (can be the control port of its pilot valve) is connected to the first working oil path 2 by external control oil circuit 5, thus the balanced valve 4 change with the oil pressure in the first working oil path 2 and change valve port opening.Importantly, hydraulic control system of the invention further includes The bypass draining oil circuit 6 being connected between the first working oil path 2 and oil return circuit, to allow in the first working oil path 2 to elevator While the pumping cavity of motor 1 feeds hydraulic oil, the section hydraulic oil conveyed in first working oil path 2 can be let out by bypass Oil circuit 6 is back to oil return circuit.
As a result, during elevator action launching, the section hydraulic oil in the first working oil path 2 is entered into bypass draining oil Road 6 can make first working oil path 2 will be relatively slowly establish pressure, and steadily to open balanced valve 4, hoist motor 1 is steady Fixed starting.Also, after hoist motor 1 starts movement, the draining flow that bypass draining oil circuit 6 can be flowed through by reduction increases Add the first working oil path 2 to be delivered to the The hydraulic oil of pumping cavity, leads to 4 aperture of balanced valve to avoid pumping cavity quick pressure releasing Significant change, convenient for stablizing the movement velocity for promoting hoist motor 1.To which hydraulic control system of the invention can be in elevator It is effectively improved the uniformity of the movement velocity of hoist motor 1 in the start-up course of movement (promoted or transferred), and weakens and even keeps away Exempt to hang loads and shake.In addition, bypass draining oil circuit 6 is convenient for cut-off (compared to the oil duct being made only in valve block Structure type), to avoid the direct pressure release reflux of the pressure oil in the first working oil path 2 to produce (such as under light duty) when not needed Raw power loss.Above-mentioned advantage of the invention will be more obvious in the explanation later in conjunction with preferred embodiment.
It should be noted that oil return circuit of the present invention can be the substantially zeroed oil circuit of any form of oil pressure, example It such as can be any oil circuit for being connected to fuel tank 10.In the shown embodiment, overflow oil circuit is connected in the second working oil path 3 8, overflow valve 9 and the oil return circuit as connecting bypass draining oil circuit 6 are provided on the overflow oil circuit 8.Specifically, overflow oil circuit 8 one end is connected to the oil circuit part between balanced valve 4 and hoist motor 1 of the second working oil path 3, and the other end is connected to Fuel tank 10.Bypass draining oil circuit 6 is connected to the oil circuit part between overflow valve 9 and fuel tank 10 of the overflow oil circuit 8.
Normally, it is provided with main reversing valve 7 in the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism, for controlling turning for hoist motor 1 Dynamic direction.As shown in connection with fig. 1, the first working oil path 2 can connect to the first actuator port A of main reversing valve 7, the second working oil Road 3 is connected to the second actuator port B of the main reversing valve 7.As a result, when main reversing valve 7 switches to right position, oil inlet oil circuit and The connection of one working oil path 2, the second working oil path 3 is connected to (master) oil return circuit, under can be used for driving hoist motor 1 to rotate and be Put the weight for hanging load;When main reversing valve 7 switches to left position, oil inlet oil circuit is connected to the second working oil path 3, the first working oil Road 2 is connected to (master) oil return circuit, can be used for driving the rotation of hoist motor 1 to promote the weight for hanging load.
According to the present invention in a kind of more preferred embodiment, setting draining it can be controlled on bypass draining oil circuit 6 Valve 11, for controlling on-off, flow area, flow passage resistance and/or the through-flow direction etc. of the bypass draining oil circuit 6, with being capable of root According to the discharge flow for needing to control the bypass draining oil circuit 6 and/or whether pass through 6 aerial drainage of bypass draining oil circuit.
Specifically, the draining control valve 11 may include proportioning valve 11a, and the on-off and/or valve port of proportioning valve 11a is opened Degree is associated with the valve port opening of main reversing valve 7.It is main as a result, when the position by switching main reversing valve 7 starts elevator movement The valve port opening of reversal valve 7 it is smaller (but be not provided with bypass draining oil circuit 6 when be enough the fast run-up in the first working oil path 2 Pressure), proportioning valve 11a opens and has maximum valve port opening, and the section hydraulic oil in the first working oil path 2 passes through bypass draining oil Road 6 is back to fuel tank 10, so that first working oil path 2 slowly builds pressure.With the hydraulic oil stream entered in the first working oil path 2 Amount increases, and oil pressure therein is gradually increased, and suitably reduces the valve port opening of proportioning valve 11a at this time, to be lagged ground in balanced valve 4 It is opposite after unlatching to be stably maintained at minute opening position, the pumping cavity quick pressure releasing of hoist motor 1 is avoided, to steadily open Dynamic hoist motor 1, reduces the shake for even avoiding hanging the weight of load.When the valve port opening of main reversing valve 7 increases to predetermined value, Into the first working oil path 2 hydraulic fluid flow rate be able to maintain substantially hoist motor 1 pumping cavity oil pressure, can close at this time Proportioning valve 11a, the aerial drainage of cutting bypass draining oil circuit 6, guarantees the maximum speed of elevator movement when 7 open of main reversing valve.By This, it is stagnant post-opening that the hydraulic oil (pressure, flow) of the conveying of the first working oil path 2 and supply can be well adapted to balanced valve 4 Characteristic reduces or avoids hoist motor 1 uneven in startup stage movement velocity.
In the shown embodiment, main reversing valve 7 and proportioning valve 11a all can be solenoid valve, it is possible thereby to facilitate land productivity Make proportioning valve 11a associated with the valve port opening of main reversing valve 7 with electric signal.For example, main reversing valve 7, which can be set, is in micro- The current signal section (in the section, the weight for hanging load is easily shaken) of small opening, and it is suitably automatic in the section Control the valve port opening of proportioning valve 11a.
Preferably or optionally, draining control valve 11 may include orifice valve 11b, for controlling bypass draining oil circuit 6 Draining flow.The main function of orifice valve 11b is when through bypass 6 draining of draining oil circuit, to control draining flow, avoid The 6 draining flow of bypass draining oil circuit is excessive or unstable, influences the first working oil path 2 and stablizes, slowly builds pressure.
In addition, draining control valve 11 may include check valve 11c, it is from the first work for the control of draining oil circuit 6 will to be bypassed Make oil circuit 2 to oil return circuit unilaterally connected, reversed cut-off, is flow backwards to avoid the hydraulic oil in oil return circuit and enter hoist motor 1 Pumping cavity and influence the stability and safety of system.
The present invention improves the stability of elevator action launching process by setting bypass draining oil circuit 6, but this will lead to Partial high pressure oil directly flows back and causes power loss.Under the operating conditions such as underloading, low temperature, the shake of load is not obvious, setting Bypass draining oil circuit 6 may cause comprehensive performance variation instead.For this purpose, draining control valve 11 can be set to bypass draining mould In block, which is removably attachable in the bypass draining oil circuit 6, to can dismantle this when not needed Draining module is bypassed, and blocks corresponding module interface, makes hydraulic control system of the invention that there is wider applicability, choosing It configures to selecting property in corresponding local specialties (such as autocrane).
On this basis, the present invention also provides a kind of crane, which has hoisting mechanism and provided by the invention Above-mentioned hydraulic control system avoids weight from shaking bring safety so as to steadily start when being promoted or transferring weight Hidden danger.
It is described the prefered embodiments of the present invention in detail above in conjunction with attached drawing, still, the present invention is not limited to above-mentioned realities The detail in mode is applied, within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, a variety of letters can be carried out to technical solution of the present invention Monotropic type, these simple variants all belong to the scope of protection of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention to it is various can No further explanation will be given for the combination of energy.
In addition, various embodiments of the present invention can be combined randomly, as long as it is without prejudice to originally The thought of invention, it should also be regarded as the disclosure of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. a kind of hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism, including hoist motor (1), for controlling turning for the hoist motor (1) It moves the main reversing valve (7) in direction and is connected to the first working oil path (2) of the pumping cavity of the hoist motor (1) and is connected to institute State the second working oil path (3) of the oil back chamber of hoist motor (1), first working oil path (2) and second working oil path (3) it is respectively connected to the first actuator port (A) and the second actuator port (B) of the main reversing valve (7), switching can be passed through The main reversing valve (7) and one of make first working oil path (2) and second working oil path (3) and be connected to oil inlet Oil circuit is provided with balanced valve (4) on second working oil path (3), and the external control port of the balanced valve (4) passes through external control oil circuit (5) it is connected to first working oil path (2), which is characterized in that the hydraulic control system further includes being connected to described first Bypass draining oil circuit (6) between working oil path (2) and oil return circuit, during elevator action launching, first work The hydraulic oil of oil circuit (2) Xiang Suoshu hoist motor (1) input can flow back partially by the bypass draining oil circuit (6), with Slow down the speed that first working oil path (2) establishes pressure;
It is provided on the bypass draining oil circuit (6) for controlling in oil circuit on-off, flow area, flow passage resistance and through-flow direction The draining control valve (11) of at least one, which includes proportioning valve (11a), the proportioning valve (11a) it is logical Disconnected and/or valve port opening is associated with the valve port opening of the main reversing valve (7).
2. the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the hoist motor (1) The pumping cavity is the decline chamber for driving the hoisting mechanism elevator decentralization.
3. the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the oil return circuit is connection Overflow oil circuit (8) on second working oil path (3), the overflow oil circuit (8) are equipped with overflow valve (9) and connect at one end It is another to the oil circuit part between the balanced valve (4) and the hoist motor (1) of second working oil path (3) End be connected to fuel tank (10), also, it is described bypass draining oil circuit (6) be connected to the overflow oil circuit (8) be located at the overflow valve (9) the oil circuit part between the fuel tank (10).
4. the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the draining control valve (11) Orifice valve (11b) including the draining flow for controlling bypass draining oil circuit (6).
5. the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the draining control valve (11) Including for the bypass draining oil circuit (6) control unidirectionally to be connected from the first working oil path (2) Xiang Suoshu oil return circuit Check valve (11c) that is logical, reversely ending.
6. the hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the draining control valve (11) It is set in bypass draining module, which is removably attachable in the bypass draining oil circuit (6).
7. crane, which is characterized in that the crane have hoisting mechanism and for the hoisting mechanism according to claim 1 extremely The hydraulic control system of hoisting mechanism described in any one of 6.
CN201610913142.6A 2016-10-19 2016-10-19 The hydraulic control system and crane of hoisting mechanism Active CN106395660B (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN110498299A (en) * 2018-05-17 2019-11-26 中铁第五勘察设计院集团有限公司 A kind of fluid pressure line winding plant, hoisting mechanism
CN109555743B (en) * 2018-12-11 2020-05-22 中联重科股份有限公司 Control system for oil cylinder and engineering machinery

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CN102491216A (en) * 2011-12-14 2012-06-13 徐州重型机械有限公司 Brake control valve unit and hosting hydraulic control system and crane having same
CN103482476A (en) * 2013-09-29 2014-01-01 徐州重型机械有限公司 Control device for increasing variable-amplitude falling speed of crane
CN103482502A (en) * 2013-09-30 2014-01-01 徐州重型机械有限公司 Crane and boom variable amplitude control system thereof
CN104609321A (en) * 2015-02-16 2015-05-13 徐州重型机械有限公司 Crane boom luffing hydraulic control system, luffing device and crane
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