CN106390927A - Preparation method of bio-char composite adsorbing material for removing phosphates in surface water - Google Patents
Preparation method of bio-char composite adsorbing material for removing phosphates in surface water Download PDFInfo
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- CN106390927A CN106390927A CN201610815706.2A CN201610815706A CN106390927A CN 106390927 A CN106390927 A CN 106390927A CN 201610815706 A CN201610815706 A CN 201610815706A CN 106390927 A CN106390927 A CN 106390927A
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- adsorbing material
- biological carbon
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- carbon composite
- surface water
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
- B01J20/20—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising free carbon; comprising carbon obtained by carbonising processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
- B01J20/22—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising organic material
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
- C02F1/283—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using coal, charred products, or inorganic mixtures containing them
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/105—Phosphorus compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/007—Contaminated open waterways, rivers, lakes or ponds
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a bio-char composite adsorbing material for removing phosphates in surface water, and belongs to the field of bio-char adsorbing materials. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1), washing, air-drying and cutting shaddock peel and tangerine peel; (2) thermally decomposing, cooling and crushing the above particulate solid to obtain charred shaddock peel and charred tangerine peel; (3) modifying the thermally decomposed material respectively with ferrous sulfate, sodium thiosulfate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; (4) washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the modified bio-char adsorbing material. After surface wastewater with the phosphate concentration of 10 mg/L is treated with the adsorbing material of the invention, the phosphate content of the water reaches Class V of surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002) (</=0.4 mg/L). The adsorbing material has the advantages of low cost, high adsorbing efficiency, and wide applicable range; recycling of waste is achieved, and good social and economic benefits are brought.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to biological carbon adsorbing material field is and in particular to prepare to phosphate sewage disposal adsorbing material,
It is related specifically to a kind of biological carbon composite adsorbing material and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
China is the country that water resource lacks, and the water pollution problems of the eutrophication problem sternness that to be China face
One of.China's Main Lakes lead to accounting for of eutrophication to count more than the 56% of lake due to nitrogen and phosphorus pollution according to statistics.Water body
Eutrophication be primarily due to nitrogen, phosphorus of containing in water body etc. be available for algae utilization nutrient substance excessive, wherein phosphorus is algae
The restriction factor of propagation, is the critical nutrients causing body eutrophication.How efficient, inexpensive going in eliminating water
Phosphorus, solves the eutrophication of water body, it has also become the emphasis of current research work.
The waste water dephosphorization method commonly used both at home and abroad at present mainly includes dredging method, bioanalysises, chemical method and absorption method.Dredging
Method is costly, complex management, be unfavorable for the process of city river and lake and reservoir；Bioanalysises are affected greatly, to remove by variation water quality
Phosphorus effect is unstable, is easily affected by extraneous factors such as temperature, dissolved oxygen, pH value；Although chemical method is high to the clearance of phosphorus, fortune
Row high cost and easy generation intractable mud in a large number, cause secondary pollution.Comparatively speaking, absorption method has and consumes energy less, goes
Except fast, phosphorus removal property is stable, non-secondary pollution the advantages of.And the selection that it is critical only that superior adsorbent of the method application, make
It meets high adsorption capacity as far as possible, material is easy to get, repeatable utilize, with low cost.
Inorganic all it is difficult to meet eco-friendly requirement with organic filler however, widely used in the market.
As ceramics filling widely used in inorganic filler, in preparation process, need a large amount of clays, not only more nervous with current
Farm Land clash, and sintering preparation process in also can consume mass energy；And organic filler preparation is former
Material comes from petroleum derivation product mostly, belongs to non-renewable resources.Additionally, above-mentioned filler is all difficult to be given birth to after discarding in the environment
Thing is degraded, and not only the biological existence of surrounding is constituted a threat to, the recycling of disused stuffing material is also restricted simultaneously.
In prior art, there are some technology preparing environmental friendliness filler with biomass for raw material.For example, China is special
Profit number 201610271844.9, publication date on 06 22nd, 2016, disclose a kind of a entitled load nanoparticle foaming
The patent document of the preparation method and application of grain charcoal dephosphorization adsorbent, this patent is that wood fiber biomass is carried out surface work
Property agent and amino amylum adhesive etc. is series modified, and prepares dephosphorization adsorbent, and this adsorbent is higher to phosphorus adsorption efficiency,
But adsorbent preparation process is complicated it is difficult to industry of realizing is applied；And for example：Chinese Patent Application No.：201210100733.3, public
Open 2012 days August 1, disclose a kind of patent application document of a entitled complex ecological filler and preparation method thereof,
This kind of complex ecological filler and preparation method thereof is by steel slag particle, with anthracite and zeolite 1:1:1 ratio mix homogeneously
As aggregate, then by aggregate, high-strength aluminate cement, iron sesquioxide and water mix homogeneously by a certain percentage, it is placed in ventilation good
Good place air-dries and obtains final product required finished product.This filler preparation method achieves the purpose of the treatment of wastes with processes of wastes against one another, but full for absorption
With filler secondary using still suffering from very big problem.For another example, Chinese Patent Application No. 201410430743.2, Shen Qing Publication day
On December 24th, 2014.Which disclose the patent literary composition of a entitled " modified shaddock peel adsorbent and preparation method thereof "
Part, this patent has carried out targetedly modification based on the characterization of adsorption in cation state metal ion, is not particularly suited in the moon
The phosphatic absorption of ionic state.Other such as, China Patent No. 200710118941.5, publication date on November 7th, 2007, open
A kind of preparation of the entitled biomembrane carrier of portion and its patent document of application in Industrial Wastewater Treatment, China
Number of patent application：200510014992.4, in publication date on May 31st, 2006, disclose a controlled fall of entitled water process
The cellulose base microbe carrier stuffing of solution and the patent application document of preparation method, and China Patent No.：
200510019894.X, the entitled a kind of netural plant luffa hollow fiber material disclosed in 28 days June in 2006 of publication date
Application technology, above achievement in research is poor to phosphorus adsorption effect, and the matter property in these fillers is unstable, Yi Beishui
Middle microorganism is degraded rapidly, makes replacement frequently, increased the load of Organic substance in water simultaneously.
In dephosphorization adsorbent modification technology, there is the preferable method of modifying of some phosphor-removing effects.For example, Chinese patent
Numbers 201310327020.5, in publication date on October 23rd, 2013, disclose that a kind of a entitled biological carbon is compound porous to be filled out
The patent document of material and preparation method thereof, this patent is that the biomass such as rice straw, Pericarppium arachidis hypogaeae are carried out carbonization, load ferrum oxide
And carry out microwave modification and obtain although iron adsorbent has preferable adsorption and dephosphorization effect, but because direct adsorption process is reversible,
Adsorption effect is easily affected by ambient environmental factors.And for example：China Patent No. 201610234529.9, publication date 2016 07
The moon 20, disclose the patent literary composition of the dephosphorization adsorbent of a entitled expanded graphite supporting composition metal and preparation method thereof
Part, this patent is that expanded graphite is carried out with composition metal lanthanum, ferrum are loaded modified to imitate although improve expanded graphite to the absorption of phosphorus
Rate, but relatively low to the utilization rate of metal ion, and Rare Earth Lanthanum is difficult acquisition, price is higher.And iron salt aboundresources, price is just
Preferably, the method for modifying of load iron is furtherd investigate to improve phosphorus ligands efficiency, alleviating water body eutrophication degree has very
Important realistic meaning.
Content of the invention
For operating cost present in the existing removal phosphatic technology of water body, high, operating difficultiess, easily cause secondary dirt
The deficiency of dye, the invention provides a kind of preparation method removing water body phosphatic biological carbon composite adsorbing material, to
Both enabled the purpose that preparation process is easy, operating cost is low, improved to phosphatic absorbability, be also salvage property simultaneously
Sourceization is using offer effective way.
For solving the above problems, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that.
A kind of preparation method removing water body phosphatic biological carbon composite adsorbing material of the present invention, concrete steps are such as
Under：
(1) pomelo peel, orange peel are cut and dry, obtain biomass solid；
(2) above-mentioned biomass solid is heated in anoxia or anaerobic pyrolysis；
(3) biomass solid after step (2) pyrolysis is cooled down, added the FeSO of 1.2-1.5mol/L afterwards4Molten
Liquid, filters and collects biological carbon solid after vibration；The biological carbon solid cleaned is added the Na of 0.1-0.3mol/L2S2O3Solution
In, filter and collect charcoal solid after vibration；The biological carbon solid cleaned is added the CTMAB solution of 0.01-0.03mol/L
In, filter after vibration and be washed with deionized to neutrality, dry 5-6 hour at 80-100 DEG C；
(4) mixture obtaining in step (3) is cleaned with clear water, drying is to biological carbon composite adsorbing material.
Preferably, in step (1), the mass ratio of described pomelo peel and orange peel is 1-9:1.Life in the preparation of this scope
Thing carbonaceous composite porous fillers porosity is high, and adsorption efficiency is high.
Preferably, in described step (2), pyrolysis temperature is 350-450 DEG C.Pyrolysis temperature is too high or too low, its absorption effect
Rate reduces substantially.Pyrolysis time chooses 20-30 minute through multiple optimization experiment, and within this time period, biomass solid can fill
Divide carbonization, and this carbonizing production is easy to collect.
Preferably, in step (3), described vibration is carried out all in 25-45 DEG C of water-bath.
Preferably, the biological carbon composite adsorbing material that above-mentioned preparation method obtains.
Biological carbon composite adsorbing material of the present invention through carbonization, loads Nanoscale Iron and has been grafted official for biomass
Can roll into a ball and obtain.The present invention using described biological carbon composite adsorbing material have specific surface area big it is easy in aqueous
Disperse and surface has the characteristics that a large amount of active site positions, water body phosphate is adsorbed, concrete principle is presumed as follows：
Carbonization pomelo peel and carbonization orange peel have larger specific surface area, can have high reduction potential after load Nanoscale Iron,
And the absorption feature of high reaction rate；Continue interpolation CTMAB to be modified, ammonium termination and biological carbon that CTMAB itself is carried
The K of itself+、Mg2+Deng there is ion exchange, thus introducing the carbon long-chain molecule of surfactant, there is more dredging in this long-chain
Nano iron particles preferably can be adsorbed in surface by water avtive spot.
Existing forms in water body for the phosphate are easily affected by environment pH.Phosphorus generally in waste water is with orthophosphate, poly-
Presented in phosphate and organophosphors, and in acid condition, Quadrafos can be hydrolyzed to orthophosphate.Therefore, useless
During water adsorption and dephosphorization, it is focused mainly on orthophosphate.Orthophosphate can ionize in water, has H2PO4 -、HPO4 2-With
PO4 3-Three kinds of existence forms, when water environment pH value is in 3.0-9.0, H2PO4 -、HPO4 2-It is main existence form.Work as phosphate
Reach the inner layer of adsorbent surface, (as shown in formula 1,2) can be directly connected to by coordinate bond and metal ion；When phosphate no
Method reaches adsorption site and is coordinated therewith, and phosphate radical anion in the solution can with the biological carbon composite adsorbing material with positive charge
There is electrostatic attraction (as shown in formula 3,4), promote the comprehensive absorbability to phosphate anion for the biological carbon composite adsorbing material,
Thus realizing removing the phosphatic purpose of water body.
Fe—OH-+H2PO4 -→Fe—H2PO4 -+OH-(1)
Fe—OH-+HPO4 2-→Fe—HPO4 2-+OH-(2)
Fe—OH2 ++H2PO4 -→Fe—OH2 +—H2PO4- (3)
Fe—OH2 ++HPO4 2-→Fe—OH2 +—HPO4 2-(4)
Compared to prior art, beneficial effects of the present invention are：
(1) biological carbon composite adsorbing material of the present invention has certain pore structure and surface chemistry, to water systems'phosphorus
Hydrochlorate (orthophosphate and pyrophosphate) has higher clearance (when P concentration is 10.0mg/L, clearance is up to 95.50%).
After the surface waste water for 10mg/L for the phosphate concn is processed through adsorbing material of the present invention, water body phosphate content reaches earth's surface water ring
Border quality standard (GB 3838-2002) V class (≤0.4mg/L).
(2) present invention considers carbonization Financial cost and charred effect, the orthogonal optimization experiment through different carbonization parameters,
Draw carbonization optimum temperature at 350-450 DEG C, carbonization time is 20-30 minute, improves carbonization efficiency, has saved economic one-tenth
This.
(3) biomass solid adopting in this method is pomelo peel, orange peel, and these biomass materials are daily life
In Common materials, wide material sources, with low cost.The material of adsorption saturation can carry out secondary as phosphor resource after being collected by filtration
Using.Not only achieve the recycling of garbage, also bring good Social benefit and economic benefit simultaneously.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the preparation flow schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph before the biomass carbonated rear product modification of pomelo peel in present example 1.
Fig. 3 is the scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph after the biomass carbonated rear product modification of pomelo peel in present example 1；
It may be seen that modified composite adsorbing material surface texture more disperses, insert charcoal mainly due to CTMAB
Change material interlayer to lead to.
Fig. 4 is the energy spectrum analysis figure before the biomass carbonated rear product modification of pomelo peel in present example 1；
It may be seen that the main component of product is C and O after carbonization, also contain the micro unit such as Mg, Si, Cl and Ca
Element.
Fig. 5 is the energy spectrum analysis figure after the biomass carbonated rear product modification of pomelo peel in present example 1；
It may be seen that modified carbonizing production essential element is C, O and Fe, wherein w (Fe) is 18.44%, explanation
Modified adsorbing material surface has loaded iron oxides, additionally contains the trace element such as Na, Al and S.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail, but not as a limitation of the invention.
When biological material being prepared in this preparation method, in each step using be all two kinds of biomass solids
Only it is prepared explanation, preparation flow is as shown in Figure 1 in general character, therefore embodiment taking portion of material and parameter as a example.
Embodiment 1
Pomelo peel is cleaned and air-dries and cut, anaerobic environment heating pyrolysis in Muffle furnace, pyrolysis temperature is 350 DEG C, heat
The solution time is 30 minutes.Material after pyrolysis is cooled down, and is added to the FeSO of 1.2mol/L afterwards4In solution, vibrate 60 minutes.
Filter and collect carbonization biomass solid, the carbonization biomass solid cleaned is added the Na containing 0.1mol/L2S2O3In solution,
Vibration 40 minutes.After this solid is collected by filtration, it is added in the CTMAB solution containing 0.03mol/L, vibrates 50 minutes, filter simultaneously
It is washed with deionized to neutrality, dry 6 hours at 80 DEG C, as biological carbon composite adsorbing material 1.
Embodiment 2
Orange peel is cleaned and air-dries and cut, heat pyrolysis in Muffle furnace anaerobic environment, pyrolysis temperature is 350 DEG C, pyrolysis
Time is 30 minutes.Material after pyrolysis is cooled down, and is added to the FeSO of 1.2mol/L afterwards4In solution, vibrate 60 minutes.Cross
Filter and collect carbonization biomass solid, the carbonization biomass solid cleaned is added the Na containing 0.1mol/L2S2O3In solution, shake
Swing 40 minutes.After this solid is collected by filtration, it is added in the CTMAB solution containing 0.03mol/L, vibrate 50 minutes, filter and be used in combination
Deionized water wash, to neutral, dries 5 hours at 100 DEG C, as biological carbon composite adsorbing material 2.
Embodiment 3
Pomelo peel and orange peel are cleaned after air-drying, heat pyrolysis in Muffle furnace oxygen-free environment, pyrolysis temperature is 450
DEG C, pyrolysis time is 20 minutes.Material after pyrolysis is cooled down, and pomelo peel and orange peel are 9 according to mass ratio:1 is carried out
Proportioning is adulterated, and is added to the FeSO of 1.5mol/L afterwards4In solution, vibrate 60 minutes.Filter and collect carbonization biomass solid, will
Clean carbonization biomass solid adds the Na containing 0.3mol/L2S2O3In solution, vibrate 40 minutes.After this solid is collected by filtration,
It is added in the CTMAB solution containing 0.03mol/L, vibrate 50 minutes, filter and be washed with deionized to neutrality, at 100 DEG C
Dry 5 hours, as biological carbon composite adsorbing material 3.
Embodiment 4
With embodiment 3, except that pyrolysis time is 30 minutes.
Embodiment 5
With embodiment 3, except that pomelo peel and orange peel are 1 according to mass ratio:1.
Comparative example
Pomelo peel is cleaned after air-drying, in the pyrolysis of Muffle stove heat, pyrolysis temperature is 350 DEG C, and pyrolysis time is 30 minutes.
Material after pyrolysis is cooled down, and collects carbonization biomass solid, directly as phosphorus adsorbing material after air-drying.
The biological carbon adsorbing material preparing in above-described embodiment 1-5 and comparative example is carried out respectively with dephosphorization absorption survey
Examination, experiment sodium dihydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) autogamy phosphorus sewage, its phosphate concn is 5mg/L, 10mg/L.Adsorption time is 15
Hour, water temperature is 35 DEG C, and hunting speed is 150rpm.
Test data shows, the adsorbing material obtaining in embodiment of the present invention 1-5 has very to the phosphate in sewage
Significantly removal efficiency (as shown in table 1).When phosphate concn is for 5.0mg/L and 10mg/L, adsorbing material 1-5 goes to phosphorus
Except rate is apparently higher than the clearance of contrast adsorbing material.
The different embodiment dephosphorization experimental result of table 1
| Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 | Comparative example | |
| Phosphorus initial concentration is the clearance (%) during 5mg/L | 96.20 | 92.40 | 97.80 | 98.20 | 94.60 | 51.00 |
| Phosphorus initial concentration is the clearance (%) during 10mg/L | 93.70 | 90.20 | 94.50 | 96.30 | 92.70 | 46.50 |
Claims (5)
1. a kind of remove earth's surface water systems'phosphorus hydrochlorate biological carbon composite adsorbing material preparation method it is characterised in that include as
Lower step：
(1) pomelo peel, orange peel are cut and dry, obtain biomass solid；
(2) above-mentioned biomass solid is heated in anoxia or anaerobic pyrolysis；
(3) biomass solid after step (2) pyrolysis is cooled down, added the FeSO of 1.2-1.5mol/L afterwards4Solution, shakes
Filter and collect biological carbon solid after swinging；The biological carbon solid cleaned is added the Na of 0.1-0.3mol/L2S2O3In solution, shake
Filter and collect charcoal solid after swinging；The biological carbon solid cleaned is added in the CTMAB solution of 0.01-0.03mol/L, shakes
Filter after swinging and be washed with deionized to neutrality, dry 5-6 hour at 80-100 DEG C；
(4) mixture obtaining in step (3) is cleaned with clear water, drying is to biological carbon composite adsorbing material.
2. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of remove earth's surface water systems'phosphorus hydrochlorate biological carbon composite adsorbing material preparation side
Method is it is characterised in that in step (1), the mass ratio of described pomelo peel and orange peel is 1-9:1.
3. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of remove earth's surface water systems'phosphorus hydrochlorate biological carbon composite adsorbing material preparation side
It is characterised in that in step (2), described pyrolysis temperature is 350-450 DEG C, pyrolysis time is 20-30 minute to method.
4. as claimed in claim 1 a kind of remove earth's surface water systems'phosphorus hydrochlorate biological carbon composite adsorbing material preparation side
Method is it is characterised in that in step (3), described vibration is carried out all in 25-45 DEG C of water-bath.
5. as a kind of biological carbon composite adsorbing material of removal earth's surface water systems'phosphorus hydrochlorate arbitrarily described in claim 1-4
The biological carbon composite adsorbing material that preparation method obtains.
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| CN109647337A (en) * | 2019-01-21 | 2019-04-19 | 河南永泽环境科技有限公司 | A kind of composite adsorbing material of denitrogenation dephosphorizing and preparation method thereof |
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| CN115106063A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-27 | 重庆大学 | Porous biochar prepared from eggshells and orange peels and application of porous biochar in phosphorus removal |
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| CN110180498A (en) * | 2019-05-23 | 2019-08-30 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Carry the preparation method and application of lanthanum magnetism hydro-thermal charcoal adsorbent |
| CN111302482A (en) * | 2020-03-03 | 2020-06-19 | 北京林业大学 | Biological retention material for synchronously removing nitrogen, phosphorus and pesticides in rainwater runoff and application method |
| CN115106063A (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2022-09-27 | 重庆大学 | Porous biochar prepared from eggshells and orange peels and application of porous biochar in phosphorus removal |
| CN115106063B (en) * | 2022-07-06 | 2023-08-15 | 重庆大学 | Porous biochar prepared from eggshells and orange peels and application of porous biochar in dephosphorization |
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