CN106390652B - A kind of Wet-type high-efficient eddy flow removing fine particle device - Google Patents
A kind of Wet-type high-efficient eddy flow removing fine particle device Download PDFInfo
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- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 108
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 35
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims description 41
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 25
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 13
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- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052602 gypsum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002745 absorbent Effects 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
- B01D50/40—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D47/00
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于除尘环境保护研究领域,具体涉及一种湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置。The invention belongs to the research field of dust removal environment protection, and in particular relates to a wet-type high-efficiency swirling device for removing fine particles.
背景技术Background technique
煤燃烧产生的SO2和可吸入颗粒物污染是我国大气环境的主要污染。目前,在湿法脱硫工艺前均装有除尘装置,如电除尘、机械除尘及布袋除尘等,这些除尘装置能有效去除大部分大粒径颗粒物和部分微细粒径颗粒物,而对PM2.5等细微颗粒脱除效率非常低且随粒径减小脱除效率显著下降。此外,湿法烟气脱硫除尘一般是水雾喷淋或水幕过滤方式,因烟气与水雾交叉重叠过程短,接触面积小,除尘效果受到影响。在脱硫过程中由于气液的强烈接触、气液夹带作用及多相反应的结晶析出作用,导致脱硫产物随脱硫烟气排出,使得烟气在脱硫后细颗粒的排放浓度反而升高。有研究表明,在安装有石灰石/石膏法脱硫系统的燃煤电厂烟气出口的细颗粒大多为PM2.5,除飞灰外,还有石膏、石灰石等组分。近年,随着雾霾天气的频发,PM2.5污染对人们的健康和日常生活造成严重的影响,因此加强细颗粒物的控制和开发高效节能的PM脱除技术已迫在眉睫。SO2 and inhalable particulate pollution produced by coal combustion are the main pollution of my country's atmospheric environment. At present, dust removal devices are installed before the wet desulfurization process, such as electric dust removal, mechanical dust removal, and bag dust removal. The removal efficiency of fine particles is very low and decreases significantly with the decrease of particle size. In addition, wet flue gas desulfurization and dust removal generally use water mist spraying or water curtain filtration, because the overlapping process of flue gas and water mist is short, the contact area is small, and the dust removal effect is affected. During the desulfurization process, due to the strong contact of gas and liquid, the entrainment of gas and liquid, and the crystallization of multiphase reactions, the desulfurization products are discharged with the desulfurization flue gas, so that the emission concentration of fine particles in the flue gas increases after desulfurization. Studies have shown that most of the fine particles at the flue gas outlet of coal-fired power plants installed with limestone/gypsum desulfurization systems are PM2.5. In addition to fly ash, there are also components such as gypsum and limestone. In recent years, with the frequent occurrence of smog and haze, PM2.5 pollution has seriously affected people's health and daily life. Therefore, it is imminent to strengthen the control of fine particles and develop efficient and energy-saving PM removal technologies.
本发明有效运用旋流分离筒、液膜控尘和净化装置、环形喷雾器、旋流板洗涤板、高效脱除细微颗粒物,具有占地面积小、工艺相对简单、吸收剂利用率高,洗涤液能够做到全封闭循环,没有废液排放,耗水量很少,系统阻力小,运行工况适应力强,且运行稳定可靠,还满足低温电除尘器的运行条件,能够达到较高的烟气净化效果。烟气净化后没有夹雾带水现象,设备材质具有耐腐蚀性、耐磨、耐高温的性能,运行维护简便、使用寿命长。除尘的同时兼有脱除气态污染物的作用,特别适用于生产工艺本身具有水处理设备的场合。The invention effectively uses the cyclone separation cylinder, the liquid film dust control and purification device, the annular sprayer, the swirl plate washing plate, and efficiently removes fine particles, and has the advantages of small floor area, relatively simple process, high utilization rate of absorbent, and washing liquid It can achieve a fully closed cycle, no waste liquid discharge, low water consumption, small system resistance, strong adaptability to operating conditions, and stable and reliable operation. It also meets the operating conditions of low-temperature electrostatic precipitators and can achieve higher flue gas Purifying effect. After the flue gas is purified, there is no mist and water phenomenon. The equipment material has the performance of corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance. It is easy to operate and maintain and has a long service life. It also has the function of removing gaseous pollutants while removing dust, and is especially suitable for occasions where the production process itself has water treatment equipment.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的是针对上述现有的湿法烟气脱硫除尘工艺烟气含有大量雾沫液滴,细颗粒脱除困难,工艺复杂,旋流板结垢堵塞、所需能耗高等问题提供一种湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置,实现用喷雾降尘、旋流板洗涤、液膜控尘和吸附使旋流分离装置能高效脱除细微颗粒物,运行稳定可靠。除尘机理主要有团聚沉积、液滴洗涤、液滴沉降、液滴吸附、液膜控尘和吸附以及布朗扩散、拦截、惯性碰撞、壁面扩散和重力沉降、旋流分离等机制。在烟气排放至大气中之前,对烟气进行深度净化,对烟气中微细颗粒物、微小液滴进行脱除,进一步降低排放到大气环境中的污染物浓度。采用PM浓度测量仪和控制信号传感器,实现对液体流量的自动调节,满足排放标准的同时,增强节能效益。The purpose of the present invention is to provide a solution for the above-mentioned existing wet flue gas desulfurization and dust removal process, the flue gas contains a large number of mist droplets, the removal of fine particles is difficult, the process is complicated, the swirl plate is fouled and blocked, and the required energy consumption is high. A wet-type high-efficiency cyclone removal device for fine particles realizes spray dust reduction, swirl plate washing, liquid film dust control and adsorption, so that the cyclone separation device can efficiently remove fine particles, and the operation is stable and reliable. The dust removal mechanism mainly includes agglomeration deposition, droplet washing, droplet settling, droplet adsorption, liquid film dust control and adsorption, Brownian diffusion, interception, inertial collision, wall diffusion and gravity settlement, cyclone separation and other mechanisms. Before the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, the flue gas is deeply purified, and the fine particles and droplets in the flue gas are removed to further reduce the concentration of pollutants discharged into the atmosphere. The PM concentration measuring instrument and the control signal sensor are used to realize the automatic adjustment of the liquid flow, meet the discharge standard, and enhance the energy saving benefit.
本发明的技术方案是:一种湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置包括旋流筒、若干组喷雾洗涤机构、除雾器、变频水泵和集液池;The technical solution of the present invention is: a wet-type high-efficiency cyclone removal fine particle device includes a cyclone cylinder, several sets of spray washing mechanisms, a demister, a frequency conversion water pump and a liquid collection pool;
所述旋流筒的筒体下端设有集液池和排液口,在集液池上部的筒体切向设置矩形烟气进口,旋流筒的筒体上端部设有烟气出口;The lower end of the cylinder body of the cyclone cylinder is provided with a liquid collection pool and a liquid discharge port, a rectangular smoke inlet is arranged tangentially on the cylinder body at the upper part of the liquid collection pool, and a smoke gas outlet is provided at the upper end of the cylinder body of the cyclone cylinder;
所述喷雾洗涤机构包括旋流洗涤板、喷雾器和喷射液膜喷头,所述旋流洗涤板、喷雾器和喷射液膜喷头从下到上依次固定安装在旋流筒的筒体内腔;The spray washing mechanism includes a swirl washing plate, a sprayer, and a spraying liquid film nozzle, and the swirl washing plate, the sprayer, and the spraying liquid film spraying head are fixedly installed in the cylinder inner cavity of the swirl cylinder from bottom to top;
所述除雾器安装在旋流筒的筒体内腔上部且位于烟气出口下方;The demister is installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the cyclone cylinder and is located below the flue gas outlet;
所述变频水泵的出水口通过管道分别与喷射液膜喷头的进水口和喷雾器连接。The water outlet of the frequency conversion water pump is respectively connected with the water inlet of the spray liquid film nozzle and the sprayer through pipelines.
上述方案中,还包括PM浓度测量仪和控制信号传感器;In the above scheme, a PM concentration measuring instrument and a control signal sensor are also included;
所述PM浓度测量仪与控制信号传感器的一端电连接,且PM浓度测量仪的探头分别设置在烟气进口和烟气出口;所述控制信号传感器的另一端与所述变频水泵电连接;The PM concentration measuring instrument is electrically connected to one end of the control signal sensor, and the probes of the PM concentration measuring instrument are respectively arranged at the flue gas inlet and the flue gas outlet; the other end of the control signal sensor is electrically connected to the frequency conversion water pump;
所述控制信号传感器根据PM浓度测量仪提供的颗粒物浓度信号,调节变频水泵的流量。The control signal sensor adjusts the flow rate of the variable frequency water pump according to the particle concentration signal provided by the PM concentration measuring instrument.
上述方案中,还包括过滤器;所述过滤器设置在集液池的排液口与变频水泵之间的连接的管道上。In the above solution, a filter is also included; the filter is arranged on the pipeline connected between the liquid discharge port of the liquid collection tank and the frequency conversion water pump.
上述方案中,所述喷射液膜喷头包括螺纹直管、外螺纹杆、内螺纹支撑环和内螺纹挡液板;所述螺纹直管通过螺纹与供液管路连接,螺纹直管内设置內螺纹支撑环,內螺纹支撑环轴线上连有外螺纹杆,在螺纹直管端部设有中心带有内螺纹挡液板,内螺纹挡液板与轴心线上外螺纹杆连接,通过螺纹调节内螺纹挡液板与螺纹直管端部的间隙。In the above solution, the spray liquid film nozzle includes a threaded straight pipe, an externally threaded rod, an internally threaded support ring and an internally threaded liquid baffle; the threaded straight pipe is connected to the liquid supply pipeline through threads, and an internal thread The support ring, the internal thread support ring is connected with the external thread rod on the axis, and there is a central internal thread liquid baffle at the end of the threaded straight pipe, the internal thread liquid baffle is connected with the external thread rod on the axis line, and adjusted by the thread The gap between the internal threaded liquid baffle and the end of the threaded straight pipe.
上述方案中,所述旋流洗涤板包括盲板和多个旋流叶片;所述旋流叶片的一端分别安装在盲板的圆周上。In the above solution, the swirl washing plate includes a blind plate and a plurality of swirl vanes; one end of the swirl vanes is respectively installed on the circumference of the blind plate.
上述方案中,所述喷雾器为环形喷雾器;所述环形喷雾器连接多个喷嘴。In the above solution, the sprayer is an annular sprayer; the annular sprayer is connected with multiple nozzles.
进一步的,所述喷嘴为螺旋喷嘴。Further, the nozzle is a spiral nozzle.
上述方案中,所述变频水泵与喷射液膜喷头的进水口和喷雾器连接的管道上分别安装有控制阀。In the above solution, control valves are respectively installed on the pipes connecting the frequency conversion water pump to the water inlet of the spray liquid film nozzle and the sprayer.
上述方案中,所述变频水泵与最顶层喷射液膜喷头的进水口连接的管道上设有压力表。In the above scheme, a pressure gauge is provided on the pipe connecting the frequency conversion water pump to the water inlet of the topmost spraying liquid film nozzle.
上述方案中,所述除雾器采用旋流板除雾器或丝网除雾器。In the above solution, the demister is a swirl plate demister or a wire mesh demister.
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:
1.本发明工艺简单,旋流筒内烟气呈旋流状上升,延长了在筒内流动的路径和时间,带水烟气在筒内相互作用,大大提高了被水雾捕捉概率;喷射液膜一方面使颗粒物与水膜碰撞反弹,延长了颗粒物在旋流筒内停留时间;另一方面,悬浮液膜与筒体内壁撞击产生液滴和壁面液膜,液滴反弹到筒体内捕捉细微颗粒,部分液滴受重力作用沉降,部分液滴在离心力作用下甩向壁面,并被壁面液膜润湿捕集。1. The process of the present invention is simple, and the flue gas in the swirl tube rises in a swirl shape, which prolongs the path and time of flowing in the tube, and the flue gas with water interacts in the tube, which greatly improves the probability of being captured by water mist; On the one hand, the liquid film makes the particles collide with the water film and prolong the residence time of the particles in the cyclone; For fine particles, part of the droplet settles under the action of gravity, and part of the droplet is thrown to the wall under the action of centrifugal force, and is wetted and captured by the liquid film on the wall.
2.在悬浮液膜形成的封闭体内设置环形喷雾器和旋流洗涤板,喷雾产生的雾滴和液膜喷头产生的液滴与旋流叶片接触产生液膜,利用液体碰撞、粘附、凝聚的原理,在旋流板叶片上形成液膜,当含尘气流经过旋流叶片时可与液膜再次作用,进一步提高净化效率;当喷液量较大时,在旋流板上形成液池,含尘气流经过旋流板后进入旋流洗涤池,形成大量气泡,气泡夹带颗粒物与洗涤液充分作用,进一步提高净化效率。2. An annular sprayer and a swirling washing plate are set in the closed body formed by the suspension film. The droplets generated by the spray and the liquid film nozzles contact the swirl blades to form a liquid film, and use the effects of liquid collision, adhesion, and condensation The principle is to form a liquid film on the blade of the swirl plate, and when the dust-laden air passes through the swirl blade, it can interact with the liquid film again to further improve the purification efficiency; when the amount of sprayed liquid is large, a liquid pool is formed on the swirl plate, The dust-laden air flow passes through the swirl plate and then enters the swirl washing tank, forming a large number of air bubbles. The particles entrained in the air bubbles fully interact with the washing liquid, further improving the purification efficiency.
3.通过多种捕集机制使得不同粒径的颗粒物和液滴都能被有效捕集,能够在烟气排放至大气前得到深度的净化,进一步保证烟气排放的质量。只需对现有的脱硫除尘装置进行简单改造,在湿法烟气脱硫洗涤装置内设置液膜喷头装置,在液膜封闭体内安装高效喷雾装置即可实现细微颗粒的高效脱除;本发明可有效控制湿法烟气脱硫细颗粒和雾滴的排放,可广泛应用于安装有湿法烟气脱硫系统的领域,投资运行费用低。3. Through a variety of capture mechanisms, particles and liquid droplets of different particle sizes can be effectively captured, which can be deeply purified before the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere, further ensuring the quality of the flue gas emission. It only needs to simply modify the existing desulfurization and dust removal device, install a liquid film nozzle device in the wet flue gas desulfurization washing device, and install a high-efficiency spray device in the liquid film enclosure to achieve efficient removal of fine particles; the invention can It can effectively control the emission of wet flue gas desulfurization fine particles and droplets, and can be widely used in fields where wet flue gas desulfurization systems are installed, with low investment and operation costs.
4.本发明适用于中小型锅炉和相当容量工业窑炉、垃圾焚烧炉的烟气除尘脱硫和其他有毒有害气体的一体化净化装置。占地面积小,洗涤液能够做到全封闭循环,没有废液排放,耗水量很少、系统阻力小,运行工况适应力强,还满足低温电除尘器的运行条件,能够达到较高的烟气净化效果。烟气净化后没有夹雾带水现象,设备材质具有耐腐蚀性、耐磨、耐高温的性能,使用寿命长。4. The present invention is applicable to small and medium-sized boilers, industrial kilns of considerable capacity, waste incinerators, flue gas dedusting and desulfurization, and an integrated purification device for other toxic and harmful gases. The floor area is small, the washing liquid can achieve a fully closed cycle, no waste liquid discharge, little water consumption, small system resistance, strong adaptability to operating conditions, and also meets the operating conditions of low-temperature electrostatic precipitators, and can achieve high Flue gas purification effect. After the flue gas is purified, there is no mist and water phenomenon. The material of the equipment has the properties of corrosion resistance, wear resistance and high temperature resistance, and has a long service life.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明一实施方式的整体结构示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;
图2是本发明一实施方式的喷射液膜喷头结构示意图;Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a spraying liquid film nozzle according to an embodiment of the present invention;
图3是本发明一实施方式的旋流洗涤板机构示意图。Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a swirl washing plate mechanism according to an embodiment of the present invention.
图中:1.烟气进口;2.集液池;3.过滤器;4.变频水泵;5.旋流洗涤板;501.盲板;502.旋流叶片;6.喷嘴;7.喷雾器;8.喷射液膜喷头;801.带螺纹直管;802.外螺纹杆;803.内螺纹支撑环;804.内螺纹挡液板;9.除雾器;10.控制阀;11.压力表;12.烟气出口;13.PM浓度测量仪;14.控制信号传感器;15.旋流筒。In the figure: 1. Flue gas inlet; 2. Liquid collection tank; 3. Filter; 4. Frequency conversion water pump; 5. Swirl washing plate; 501. Blind plate; 502. Swirl blade; 6. Nozzle; 7. Sprayer ;8. Spray liquid film nozzle; 801. Straight pipe with thread; 802. External thread rod; 803. Internal thread support ring; 804. Internal thread baffle; 9. Demister; 10. Control valve; Table; 12. Flue gas outlet; 13. PM concentration measuring instrument; 14. Control signal sensor; 15. Cyclone cylinder.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图和具体实施方式对本发明作进一步详细说明,但本发明的保护范围并不限于此。The present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.
图1所示为本发明所述湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置的一种实施方式,所述湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置,包括旋流筒15、若干组喷雾洗涤机构、除雾器9、过滤器3、变频水泵4、集液池2、PM浓度测量仪13和控制信号传感器14。Figure 1 shows an embodiment of the wet-type high-efficiency cyclone removal fine particle device of the present invention. The wet-type high-efficiency cyclone removal fine particle device includes a swirl cylinder 15, several groups of spray washing mechanisms, demisting Device 9, filter 3, frequency conversion water pump 4, liquid collection tank 2, PM concentration measuring instrument 13 and control signal sensor 14.
所述旋流筒15的筒体下端设有集液池2和排液口,在集液池2上部的筒体切向设置矩形烟气进口1,烟气进口1与引风机连接。所述旋流筒15的筒体上端部设有烟气出口12。所述喷雾洗涤机构包括旋流洗涤板5、喷雾器7和喷射液膜喷头8,所述旋流洗涤板5、喷雾器7和喷射液膜喷头8从下到上依次固定安装在旋流筒15的筒体内腔。所述除雾器9安装在旋流筒15的筒体内腔上部且位于烟气出口12下方;所述变频水泵4的出水口通过管道分别与喷射液膜喷头8的进水口和喷雾器7连接。所述变频水泵4为变频污变频水泵。所述过滤器3设置在集液池2的排液口与变频水泵4之间的连接的管道上。废液经集液池2的排液口由污变频水泵4抽至过滤器3过滤后,再输送至喷射液膜喷头8和喷雾器7循环使用。所述除雾器9采用旋流板除雾器或丝网除雾器,能进一步脱除细微颗粒物,且保证烟气净化后没有夹雾带水现象。The lower end of the swirl cylinder 15 is provided with a liquid collection pool 2 and a liquid discharge port, and a rectangular flue gas inlet 1 is arranged tangentially on the cylinder body at the upper part of the liquid collection pool 2, and the flue gas inlet 1 is connected with an induced draft fan. The upper end of the swirl cylinder 15 is provided with a flue gas outlet 12 . The spray washing mechanism includes a swirl washing plate 5, a sprayer 7 and a spray liquid film spray head 8, and the swirl wash plate 5, the sprayer 7 and the spray liquid film spray head 8 are fixedly installed on the bottom of the swirl tube 15 in sequence from bottom to top. Cylinder cavity. The demister 9 is installed on the upper part of the inner cavity of the swirl cylinder 15 and is located below the flue gas outlet 12; the water outlet of the variable frequency water pump 4 is connected to the water inlet of the liquid film nozzle 8 and the sprayer 7 through pipes. The frequency conversion water pump 4 is a frequency conversion sewage water pump. The filter 3 is arranged on the pipeline connected between the liquid outlet of the liquid collection tank 2 and the frequency conversion water pump 4 . The waste liquid is pumped by the dirty frequency conversion water pump 4 to the filter 3 and filtered through the liquid outlet of the liquid collection pool 2, and then transported to the spray liquid film nozzle 8 and the sprayer 7 for recycling. The demister 9 adopts a swirling plate demister or a wire mesh demister, which can further remove fine particles and ensure that there is no mist and water after the flue gas is purified.
所述PM浓度测量仪13与控制信号传感器14的一端电连接,且PM浓度测量仪13的探头分别设置在烟气进口1和烟气出口12;所述控制信号传感器14的另一端与所述变频水泵4电连接;所述控制信号传感器14根据PM浓度测量仪13提供的颗粒物浓度信号,调节变频水泵4的变频器,实现对液体流量的自动调节,随颗粒物浓度的降低,减小喷液量,满足排放标准的同时,增强节能效益。The PM concentration measuring instrument 13 is electrically connected to one end of the control signal sensor 14, and the probes of the PM concentration measuring instrument 13 are respectively arranged at the flue gas inlet 1 and the flue gas outlet 12; the other end of the control signal sensor 14 is connected to the The frequency conversion water pump 4 is electrically connected; the control signal sensor 14 adjusts the frequency converter of the frequency conversion water pump 4 according to the particulate matter concentration signal provided by the PM concentration measuring instrument 13, so as to realize automatic adjustment of the liquid flow rate, and reduce the spray liquid as the concentration of the particulate matter decreases. To meet the emission standards, while enhancing energy-saving benefits.
如图2所示,所述喷射液膜喷头8包括螺纹直管801、外螺纹杆802、内螺纹支撑环803和内螺纹挡液板804;所述螺纹直管801通过螺纹与供液管路连接,螺纹直管801内设置內螺纹支撑环803,內螺纹支撑环803轴线上连有外螺纹杆802,在螺纹直管801端部设有中心带有内螺纹挡液板804,内螺纹挡液板804与轴心线上外螺纹杆802连接,通过螺纹调节内螺纹挡液板804与螺纹直管801端部的间隙。As shown in Figure 2, the spray liquid film nozzle 8 includes a threaded straight pipe 801, an externally threaded rod 802, an internally threaded support ring 803 and an internally threaded liquid baffle 804; Connection, the threaded straight pipe 801 is provided with an internal thread support ring 803, the internal thread support ring 803 is connected with an external thread rod 802 on the axis, and the end of the threaded straight pipe 801 is provided with a center with an internal thread liquid baffle 804, and the internal thread baffle The liquid plate 804 is connected with the externally threaded rod 802 on the axis line, and the gap between the internally threaded liquid baffle plate 804 and the end of the threaded straight pipe 801 is adjusted through threads.
如图3所示,所述旋流洗涤板5包括盲板501和多个旋流叶片502;所述旋流叶片502的一端分别安装在盲板501的圆周上。As shown in FIG. 3 , the swirl washing plate 5 includes a blind plate 501 and a plurality of swirl vanes 502 ; one end of the swirl vanes 502 is respectively installed on the circumference of the blind plate 501 .
旋流洗涤板5,通过设计旋流叶片502的叶片角和叶片数,经试验分析,叶片角为15度左右,叶片数为16时,使洗涤液在旋流板上均匀分布,使旋流洗涤达到最佳除尘效果。在旋流筒15内安装一级或多级旋流洗涤板5,烟气在筒内旋流板叶片的导向作用下与除尘水或碱液接触,含尘气体经多次撞击表面附有流动液膜的旋流叶片和旋流板上部洗涤池后,细微颗粒物被捕集液润湿凝聚捕集,在离心力作用下得到有效的分离,并在重力作用下落入底部集液池,所述旋流板要求防腐、耐磨、表面光滑的特性,其结构具有较好的布水特性。Swirl flow washing plate 5, by designing the blade angle and the number of blades of the swirl blade 502, through test analysis, the blade angle is about 15 degrees, and when the number of blades is 16, the washing liquid is evenly distributed on the swirl plate, so that the swirl flow Wash for best dust removal. One-stage or multi-stage swirling washing plates 5 are installed in the swirl cylinder 15, and the flue gas is in contact with the dedusting water or lye under the guidance of the swirl plate blades in the cylinder, and the dust-laden gas is attached to the flow after repeatedly hitting the surface. After the swirl blades of the liquid film and the upper washing pool of the swirl plate, the fine particles are wetted and coagulated by the trapping liquid, and are effectively separated under the action of centrifugal force, and fall into the bottom liquid collection pool under the action of gravity. The flow plate requires the characteristics of anti-corrosion, wear resistance and smooth surface, and its structure has good water distribution characteristics.
所述变频水泵4与喷射液膜喷头8的进水口和喷雾器7连接的管道上分别安装有控制阀10。Control valves 10 are respectively installed on the pipelines connecting the frequency conversion water pump 4 with the water inlet of the spray liquid film nozzle 8 and the sprayer 7 .
所述变频水泵4与最顶层喷射液膜喷头8的进水口连接的管道上设有压力表11。A pressure gauge 11 is provided on the pipe connecting the frequency conversion water pump 4 to the water inlet of the topmost spray liquid film nozzle 8 .
喷射液膜喷头8利用射流撞击原理,喷水时形成均匀的薄膜。在一定的水压下,通过调节阀10调节流量,同时可以调节喷头顶部的盖帽,使喷射液膜达到最佳除尘效果。在旋流筒内安装一级或数级液膜喷头,形成多层悬浮液膜层,液膜喷射外围尺寸和液膜厚度可以根据具体使用情况进行调节。喷射液膜喷头8结构简单,维修方便,成本低廉,同时便于安装,使用寿命长。The spraying liquid film nozzle 8 utilizes the jet impact principle to form a uniform film when spraying water. Under a certain water pressure, the flow rate can be adjusted through the regulating valve 10, and the cap on the top of the nozzle can be adjusted at the same time, so that the sprayed liquid film can achieve the best dust removal effect. One or several stages of liquid film nozzles are installed in the cyclone to form multi-layer suspension film layers. The peripheral size of liquid film spraying and the thickness of liquid film can be adjusted according to specific usage conditions. The spray liquid film nozzle 8 has simple structure, convenient maintenance, low cost, easy installation and long service life.
所述喷雾器7为环形喷雾器,采用圆环连接多个喷嘴6,喷嘴6为不易堵塞的低压旋流雾化喷嘴、螺旋喷头或者其他能够产生气液旋转提高分散效果的装置,优选螺旋喷嘴。在有限的空间形成多个液滴密集区,在满足脱除细颗粒物的前提下,尽量达到减少占地面积、节约投资的目的。The sprayer 7 is an annular sprayer, which adopts a ring to connect multiple nozzles 6, and the nozzles 6 are low-pressure swirl atomizing nozzles, spiral nozzles or other devices that can generate gas-liquid rotation to improve the dispersion effect, preferably spiral nozzles. Multiple droplet-intensive areas are formed in a limited space, and on the premise of satisfying the removal of fine particles, the purpose of reducing the occupied area and saving investment is achieved as much as possible.
本发明所述湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置的各部件材料做耐腐处理或使用耐腐蚀材料。The material of each component of the wet-type high-efficiency swirling device for removing fine particles in the present invention is treated with corrosion-resistant treatment or with corrosion-resistant materials.
本发明装置进行湿法高效旋流脱除细微颗粒物,主要过程如下:在引风机的作用下,含尘气流从筒体下部的烟气进口1以切向进入旋流筒15,并沿筒壁呈螺旋式上升,粗的颗粒物在离心力作用下被甩向壁面碰撞分离。细微颗粒随气流继续向上运动,首先进入旋流板洗涤区,烟气经旋流洗涤板5加强旋转,在筒内旋流叶片502的导向作用下与除尘水或碱液接触,含尘气流撞击表面附有流动液膜的旋流叶片502和旋流板上部洗涤池后,通过惯性碰撞、拦截、扩散等机理作用,细微颗粒物被捕集液润湿凝聚捕集,在离心力作用下得到有效的分离,并在重力作用下落入底部集液池,达到高效脱除细颗粒物的目的。然后经过喷雾洗涤区,含尘气流与喷雾器7喷出的水雾层相互作用,在惯性碰撞、拦截和扩散等短程机理的作用下,被润湿凝聚的颗粒物在离心力作用下被甩向筒壁,并被壁面液膜润湿凝聚,则在重力作用下随液膜下流至集液池,未被捕集的细微颗粒则随着气流继续向上运动。再经过喷射液膜喷头8产生的悬浮液膜,细微颗粒受悬浮液膜控制和净化作用,一方面,部分颗粒物与悬浮液膜接触碰撞反弹,延长颗粒物在旋流筒内停留时间。另一方面,悬浮液膜与筒体内壁撞击产生液滴和壁面液膜,液滴反弹到筒体内捕捉细微颗粒,部分液滴受重力作用沉降,部分液滴在离心力作用下甩向壁面,并被壁面液膜润湿捕集。壁面液膜在重力作用下流向底部集液池。The device of the present invention performs wet-process high-efficiency cyclone removal of fine particles, the main process is as follows: under the action of the induced draft fan, the dust-laden airflow enters the cyclone cylinder 15 tangentially from the flue gas inlet 1 at the lower part of the cylinder body, and flows along the cylinder wall It rises in a spiral manner, and the coarse particles are thrown to the wall to collide and separate under the action of centrifugal force. The fine particles continue to move upwards with the airflow, and first enter the swirl plate washing area. The flue gas is rotated through the swirl washing plate 5 and is guided by the swirl blade 502 in the cylinder. After the swirl vane 502 with a flowing liquid film on the surface and the upper washing pool on the swirl plate, through the mechanisms of inertial collision, interception, and diffusion, the fine particles are wetted and coagulated by the trapping liquid, and are effectively collected under the action of centrifugal force. Separation, and fall into the bottom liquid collection tank under the action of gravity to achieve the purpose of efficiently removing fine particles. Then through the spray washing area, the dust-laden airflow interacts with the water mist layer sprayed out by the sprayer 7, and under the action of short-range mechanisms such as inertial collision, interception and diffusion, the wetted and condensed particles are thrown to the cylinder wall under the action of centrifugal force , and are wetted and condensed by the liquid film on the wall, they will flow down to the liquid collection pool with the liquid film under the action of gravity, and the fine particles that are not trapped will continue to move upward with the airflow. After passing through the suspension film produced by the liquid film nozzle 8, the fine particles are controlled and purified by the suspension film. On the one hand, part of the particles collide with the suspension film and rebound, prolonging the residence time of the particles in the cyclone. On the other hand, the suspension film collides with the inner wall of the cylinder to produce droplets and a liquid film on the wall, and the droplets bounce back into the cylinder to capture fine particles, some of the droplets settle under the action of gravity, and some of the droplets are thrown to the wall under the action of centrifugal force, and Wetted and trapped by the wall liquid film. The liquid film on the wall flows to the bottom sump under the action of gravity.
经过一级旋流洗涤板、喷雾器、液膜控尘和吸附装置后的烟气继续上升,可设计经二级或多级旋流洗涤板、喷雾器、液膜控尘和吸附,在旋流洗涤系统的上方设有单层或多层除雾器9。净化后的烟气经烟气出口12排出。在旋流筒15底部设有集液池2。污水流入筒底集液池,再经变频污变频水泵4抽到过滤器3中,废液经过滤处理后再输送至喷液装置循环利用。After passing through the first-stage swirl washing plate, sprayer, liquid film dust control and adsorption device, the flue gas continues to rise. A single-layer or multi-layer mist eliminator 9 is provided above the system. The purified flue gas is discharged through the flue gas outlet 12. A liquid collection pool 2 is provided at the bottom of the swirl cylinder 15 . The sewage flows into the liquid collection pool at the bottom of the cylinder, and then is pumped into the filter 3 by the frequency conversion sewage pump 4, and the waste liquid is filtered and then transported to the liquid spraying device for recycling.
本装置的有益效果,与现有技术相比,采用新型湿式高效旋流脱除细微颗粒装置,当含尘气流经过旋流液膜时,颗粒更容易通过惯性碰撞、拦截、布朗扩散、黏附凝聚、液膜控尘和除尘、重力沉降、离心分离等作用机理被捕集,有效解决了脱除细颗粒物,并兼备吸收气态污染物的目的。可以处理高温废气、黏性颗粒和液滴,除尘效率高。本发明可以拓展应用于各种需要净化的外排尾气以及再除尘等。The beneficial effect of this device, compared with the existing technology, adopts a new type of wet high-efficiency cyclone removal device for fine particles. When the dust-laden air flow passes through the swirling liquid film, the particles are more likely to pass through inertial collision, interception, Brownian diffusion, and adhesion. , Liquid film dust control and dust removal, gravity sedimentation, centrifugal separation and other mechanisms are captured, which effectively solves the problem of removing fine particles, and also has the purpose of absorbing gaseous pollutants. It can handle high-temperature exhaust gas, sticky particles and droplets, and has high dust removal efficiency. The present invention can be expanded and applied to various exhaust gases that need to be purified, dust removal and the like.
应当理解,虽然本说明书是按照各个实施例描述的,但并非每个实施例仅包含一个独立的技术方案,说明书的这种叙述方式仅仅是为清楚起见,本领域技术人员应当将说明书作为一个整体,各实施例中的技术方案也可以经适当组合,形成本领域技术人员可以理解的其他实施方式。It should be understood that although this description is described according to various embodiments, not each embodiment only includes an independent technical solution, and this description of the description is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the description as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.
上文所列出的一系列的详细说明仅仅是针对本发明的可行性实施例的具体说明,它们并非用以限制本发明的保护范围,凡未脱离本发明技艺精神所作的等效实施例或变更均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The series of detailed descriptions listed above are only specific descriptions for feasible embodiments of the present invention, and they are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention. Any equivalent embodiment or All changes should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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