CN106382125A - Coal mine hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve based on micro-texturing valve element and specially-shaped valve cavity - Google Patents
Coal mine hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve based on micro-texturing valve element and specially-shaped valve cavity Download PDFInfo
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- CN106382125A CN106382125A CN201611094299.7A CN201611094299A CN106382125A CN 106382125 A CN106382125 A CN 106382125A CN 201611094299 A CN201611094299 A CN 201611094299A CN 106382125 A CN106382125 A CN 106382125A
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Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D15/00—Props; Chocks, e.g. made of flexible containers filled with backfilling material
- E21D15/50—Component parts or details of props
- E21D15/51—Component parts or details of props specially adapted to hydraulic, pneumatic, or hydraulic-pneumatic props, e.g. arrangements of relief valves
- E21D15/512—Arrangement of valves
Abstract
The invention discloses a coal mine hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve based on a micro-texturing valve element and a specially-shaped valve cavity, relating to the technical field of coal mine hydraulic pressure. The coal mine hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve comprises a left valve barrel, a right valve barrel, a unidirectional valve, an unloading valve, a relief valve and a connection screw rod, wherein the relief valve comprises a valve element, a valve sleeve, an end cover, a spring seat, a relief valve spring, a pressure adjustment nut, a valve pad II and a damper; the valve sleeve is mounted in the right valve barrel; the valve sleeve is in threaded connection with the screw rod; the valve element is mounted in the valve sleeve; a micro-texturing structure is arranged on the surface of the valve element; the valve element and the valve sleeve are matched to form a specially-shaped valve cavity structure; the specially-shaped valve cavity comprises a throttling opening I, a throttling opening II, a throttling opening III, a sliding valve cavity, a front cavity, a middle cavity, a drainage cavity and a rear cavity; the throttling opening I is a sliding valve throttling opening; the wall surface of the valve cavity at the throttling opening II consists of a section of arc and a section of long straight line; the wall surface of the valve sleeve at the throttling opening II consists of a section of short straight line and a section of inclined line; and a drainage structure is arranged at the throttling opening III. The coal mine hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve disclosed by the invention can improve the problems of cavitation, lubrication, wear and the like of the relief valve of the hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to colliery water hydrostatic transmission field, specifically a kind of based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket
Colliery pressure three-purpose valve.
Background technology
Traditional hydraulic prop and its triple-use valve are working media all using emulsion, and annual configuration emulsion need to disappear
Nearly ten thousand tons of oil emulsion of consumption, and whole emulsions is all discharged into goaf, finally flows in rivers lake and body of groundwater, to water body
Cause severe contamination.Additionally, emulsion is perishable, thus breed bacteria and mould, the working environment of impact coal miner and body
Body health, the equipment of configuration emulsion also needs periodic cleaning inspection, and expends a large amount of chemical synthesis agent, and use cost is high, workman
High labor intensive.Compared with emulsifiable solution medium, aqueous medium have safety and environmental protection, cheap, convenient storage, use cost low and
Many advantages, such as strong adaptability.And underground coal mine water aboundresources, partly low-lying place ponding also need special pump drainage to process, using warp
The down-hole waste water processing substitutes emulsion as working media, to mining area waste water reuse, reduces coal mine support cost, protects ore deposit
Area's environment, propulsion mine energy conservation reduces discharging, and it is significant to improve the working environment of workers etc., meet national energy-saving reduce discharging sustainable
The Strategic Demand of development.
But the viscosity of aqueous medium is low, poor lubricity, electric conductivity strong, easily causes corrosion, wear of valve parts etc. and asks
Topic.Additionally, the vapor pressure of water is higher than oils vapor pressure, easily forms parital vacuum at the restriction of water hydraulic element and produce
A large amount of air pockets, it is pressurized and crumble and fall that air pocket enters higher-pressure region, can produce local assault and TRANSIENT HIGH TEMPERATURE, thus leading to element function to drop
Low, produce vibration, noise and wire drawing erosion, erosion, impact etc., shorten element service life.It is reduced or eliminated above-mentioned existing
As, in addition to accounting in the selection of material and the handling process of material, also answering emphasis from Technique for Water Hydraulic Components and system
Structure design is set about, and proposes to be applied to the innovation structure of Technique for Water Hydraulic Components.
Triple-use valve is the core component of hydraulic prop, and hydraulic prop controls the liter of hydraulic prop by triple-use valve
Support, carrying overflow and unloading prop drawing process at the beginning of post.Triple-use valve is combined by check valve, safety valve and three kinds of valves of feather valve, its
Middle check valve and feather valve are only opened in liquid filling pole-raising and unloading prop drawing respectively, and safety valve controls pillar to carry overflow
Journey, it is opened frequently, is significantly larger than check valve and feather valve using with operating frequency.Therefore, in triple-use valve, safety valve is to determine
The core component of its performance, the structure design for triple-use valve answers emphasis to consider the structure innovation of safety valve.
Pressure three-purpose valve is the triple-use valve using pure water for working media.Physicochemical property due to aqueous medium determines, water
In pressure triple-use valve there is more serious fretting wear problem in the valve element friction pair of safety valve, and valve port has more serious cavitation erosion and breaks
Bad problem.Therefore, the fretting wear problem of safety valve and cavitation erosion problem must be effectively suppressed and improve.
Micro forming technology is to process the microscopic appearance of rule distribution in surface of friction pair, to produce hydrodynamic lubrication effect.
At present micro forming technology is in the existing successful Application in field such as mechanical seal, engine piston ring, thrust bearing, cutter be wear-resistant.?
The micro forming that valve element opens up rule distribution can improve fretting wear and the greasy property of valve element friction pair.The micro- hole of micro forming also can be deposited
Storage micro lubricating liquid, in unlubricated friction scrape along Starved Lubrication, produces the effect of secondary lubrication.Additionally, micro forming also have storage micro-
The ability of little solid abrasive particles, thus reduce the three-body-abrasion problem producing between valve element, valve pocket and micro- abrasive particle.
Special-shaped valve pocket is valve element to become special-shaped curvilinear structures with the profile design of valve pocket, by structural change valve pocket flow field
The parameters such as flow velocity, streamline, pressure distribution, and then change position, the strong and weak and scope that valve pocket air pocket produces, thus slowing down or shifting
The important valve port of valve pocket and the cavitation erosion of band.
In order to solve the problems such as lubrication of single hydraulic prop hydraulic pressure three-purpose valve, abrasion and impact, first of the present invention
The patent of the China Patent No. 201410131184.5 of the proposition such as a person of good sense and the second inventor discloses a kind of hydraulic prop
Big flow pressure three-purpose valve.The valve element of this pressure three-purpose valve safety valve adopts common slide valve structure, and is provided with spool face
Micro forming structure, improves lubrication and the wear problem of safe valve core.But by further study show that, common valve element and valve
Set only has one-level restriction, and the pressure of current underground coal mine support equipment is generally individually more than 30MPa, during by shock loading,
Instantaneous pressure is higher, and from throttling formula of index, instantaneous pressure will cause serious cavitation erosion in valve port.Cause
This is cavitated it is necessary to change valve element and housing configuration with slowing down valve port.Further, since being limited by common valve core structure size,
The micro forming number being arranged on common valve element is less, and the dynamic pressure bearing capacity of micro forming is the population effect by micro forming
Produce, the hydrodynamic lubrication effect very little of single micro forming.Therefore, the hydrodynamic lubrication of the micro forming that common slide valve valve element is subject to and
Carry action effect limited.And after using special-shaped valve pocket structure, the diameter of valve element is increased, the area of valve element friction pair increases
Greatly, thus more micro formings can be arranged so that the population effect of micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication carrying is more prominent, improve further
The lubrication of valve element and wear problem.
Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to the present invention, using special-shaped valve pocket knot
Structure, is weakened by special-shaped valve pocket structure and transfer cavitation erosion, thus improving the cavitation erosion of valve port；And eliminate the valve seat of safety valve
Structure, suitably increases valve core structure size, increase valve element surface of friction pair micro forming can machining area, thus further
Improve lubrication and the wear resistance of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve.
Content of the invention
The technical problem to be solved is to provide a kind of colliery water based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket
Pressure triple-use valve, while improving the cavitation erosion problem of pressure three-purpose valve safety valve, improves the profit of valve element micro forming further
The sliding maximum stream flow with load-carrying properties and valve port.The technical problem to be solved employs the following technical solutions real
Existing.
Based on the colliery pressure three-purpose valve of micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder, right valve cylinder, check valve, unload
Carry valve, safety valve and connecting screw rod.It is threaded connection between left valve cylinder and right valve cylinder, check valve, feather valve and safety valve are successively
It is arranged on left valve cylinder and the inside of right valve cylinder, connected by connecting screw rod between check valve and safety valve, feather valve is arranged on list
To between valve and safety valve；Described safety valve includes valve element, valve pocket, end cap, spring base, safety valve spring, look nut, valve pad
II and damping, described valve pocket is arranged on inside right valve cylinder by cylindrical pair, is threaded connection between valve pocket and connecting screw rod, valve element
It is arranged on inside valve pocket by cylindrical pair, look nut passes through ball by being threadably mounted at valve pocket end, spring base with valve core chamber
Secondary connect, the two ends of safety valve spring are pressed on spring base and look nut respectively, and valve pad II is arranged on valve pocket, and with end
Lid is in close contact, and damping is arranged on valve core inside.
Described valve element is made up of guiding valve section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port, guide section, damping section and push rod section.Wherein sliding
The outer surface of valve section, guide section and push rod section is equipped with micro forming；Guiding valve section, the maximum of I section of valve port, II section of valve port and guide section
External diameter is identical.The cavity wall of guiding valve section is provided with fluid hole, and valve core inside center is communicated with the spool bore of valve pocket and damping cavity.Guiding valve
Section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port, guide section and push rod Duan Junyu valve sleeving inner wall constitute cylindrical pair it is ensured that valve element have good
Guidance quality, and stable movement.The runner of guiding valve section is opened in valve core inside it is ensured that guiding valve section begins in valve element moving process
There is guide effect eventually, further increase guiding accuracy within valve pocket for the valve element.Guiding valve section, I section of valve port, II section of valve port and
Guide section is identical with the diameter of the cylindrical pair that valve pocket inner surface coordinates, not only ensure that the assembling capacity of valve element it is thus also avoided that because
The cavity volume change of the ante-chamber, lumen and back cavity that valve element is mobile and produces, and then prevent valve pocket from producing " pocketed oil " phenomenon.
Micro forming not only has the function of hydrodynamic lubrication, is also equipped with storing the function of micro- abrasive particle and micro lubricating liquid.Coal
Bad environments under mine, the molecule such as coal grain and sandstone is seriously polluted to hydraulic medium, and molecule enters with hydraulic medium
Valve element friction pair has increased valve port abrasion further.Therefore, it can store, by micro forming, the molecule entering valve port, thus
Improve antipollution, the wear resistance of valve element friction pair；Micro forming can also store liquid medium simultaneously, in dry friction or lean glossy
When sliding, the micro liquid medium of micro forming storage has the function of secondary feed flow lubrication, thus mitigating the friction of valve element friction pair
And wear-out failure.
Compared with traditional triple-use valve, designed eliminated based on the colliery pressure three-purpose valve of micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket
The valve seat construction of safety valve, on the premise of ensureing, with traditional triple-use valve, there is good interchangeability, designed pressure three-purpose valve
The diameter of the valve element of safety valve is bigger, the micro forming of spool face can machining area area bigger, the micro forming number that can arrange
More, the population effect of micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication and bearing capacity becomes apparent from.
Valve element and valve pocket cooperation constitute special-shaped valve pocket structure, special-shaped valve pocket include restriction I, restriction II, restriction III,
Piston chamber, ante-chamber, lumen, drainage lumens and back cavity.Restriction I is guiding valve restriction, and at restriction II, valve element wall is by one section of circle
Arc and one section of long rectilinear(-al), at restriction II, valve pocket wall is made up of one section of short straight line and one section of oblique line.Designed abnormity
When valve pocket both can guarantee that valve pocket pressure was more than first bulging power and is less than rated pressure, valve port is in sealing state；And work as valve pocket pressure
When power is more than rated pressure, valve port can be opened again immediately, by two-step throttle mouth quick pressure releasing.Long straight line and short straight line cooperation make
Obtain restriction closure, circular arc and oblique line cooperation make restriction open.This external arc and oblique line respectively assist in optimization valve element wall
Face and valve pocket near wall flow field, suppression valve element is separated with wall with valve pocket near wall fluid flow line, forces fluid attached jet
Dynamic, thus letter is little and shifts restriction air pocket, slow down cavitation erosion further, protect important excessively stream valve port and its band.
When restriction II valve port angle and restriction III valve port angle take 45 °, the air pocket area at restriction III and intensity are all less.
Described restriction III is identical with the structure of restriction II, the closing capacity of the closing capacity of restriction III and restriction II
Equal, and the closing capacity of restriction III and restriction II is all higher than the closing capacity of restriction I.Due to the difference of closing capacity, cause
Valve port is opened and is divided into two stages.When hydraulic prop chamber is first bulging power, valve element forefront pressure is relatively low, restriction I
Fluid hole is covered by valve pocket, and now restriction II and restriction III are also at sealing state.Pressure with pillar chamber increases, and goes out liquid
Hole is opened, and piston chamber connected with the ante-chamber of restriction II upstream by fluid hole, but now restriction II and restriction III be still
It is in sealing state.When the load that pillar is subject to continues to increase, the pressure in pillar chamber exceedes pressure three-purpose valve therewith increasing
Rated operating pressure, valve element moves further, promotes restriction II and restriction III to open simultaneously, ante-chamber and restriction II, in
Runner between chamber, restriction III, drainage lumens and back cavity is connected.Entirely the runner of special-shaped valve pocket has three restrictions, increases
Sealing property during valve closure.During special-shaped valve pocket conducting, the highly pressurised liquid in pillar chamber passes sequentially through restriction II and restriction
III pressure is released, and under the two-step throttle of restriction II and restriction III acts on, arranges outside liquid.Pressure is by two restrictions
Shared, the pressure that single restriction undertakes is reduced.Therefore, the cavitation erosion of valve port is weakened.
It is provided with flow guiding structure, flow guiding structure is conduction hole or drainage trough at described restriction III.Flow guiding structure can be by height
The liquid of nip introduces low pressure core area, affects local main flow bundle, suppression low pressure core area pressure drop, thus slow down local gas
Erosion destroys, and suppresses valve port low-pressure area air pocket size and scope by pressure compensation, thus slowing down cavitation erosion.Due to restriction
The back cavity in III downstream is connected with the pressure three-purpose valve external world, and the pressure of the lumen of restriction III upstream is higher, leads to restriction III
Place easily produces air pocket；And the pressure of the ante-chamber of restriction II upstream is high, the pressure of the lumen in restriction II downstream is also higher, causes
Make generation air pocket possibility at restriction II little with respect at restriction III；And restriction III with restriction II structure complete phase
In the case of same, air pocket first comes across at restriction III, when situation deteriorates further, just can produce at restriction II.Therefore,
Flow guiding structure should be arranged at restriction III.
The radial dimension of described back cavity is equal with axial dimension, back cavity be provided with liquid outlet flowing side.Radial dimension
With axial dimension composition equal in magnitude square structure, help valve pocket vortex convolution, the air pocket shape of generation is regular, and air pocket face
Long-pending less, air pocket intensity is relatively low, thus slowing down cavitation erosion.Liquid outlet be arranged on back cavity flowing side, contribute to guiding stream
Body flow direction and vortex recirculation, thus mitigating the air pocket of valve port jet injection generation, and are arranged on to flow side and additionally aid
Formed and be vortexed, vortex recirculation will extrude to flow, thus weakening air pocket, slows down cavitation erosion further.
After using micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket structure, the radial dimension of valve element increases, and leads to safety valve spring
Axial dimension increase, bring difficulty to the design and installation of safety valve spring.For solving the above problems further, described bullet
Spring abutment is made up of base, pull bar and external screw thread, and pull bar is arranged on base center, and external screw thread is arranged on pull bar end.Described tune
Pressure nut is provided with internal thread, counterbore, smooth hole and chassis.Look nut is screwed in by internal thread and draws by rotation look nut
On the external screw thread of bar end, by the continuous precession of screw thread, slow compressing secure valve spring, after spring-compressed certain distance, interior
Screw thread and external screw thread disengaging screw, and the screw thread on screw thread and valve sleeving inner wall on chassis enters and screws, and continues rotation look nut,
Look nut further compressing secure valve spring, thus the precompression of regulation safety valve spring, that is, sets up the volume of safety valve spring
Level pressure force value.Because the rigidity of safety valve spring is larger, screwed with externally threaded by internal thread, safety valve spring is carried out just
Step compression, facilitates the installation of safety valve spring, and substantially reduces the length of valve pocket, saves space so that hydraulic pressure three use
The structure of valve is compacter.Additionally, after the screw thread on screw thread and valve sleeving inner wall on chassis enters and screws, internal thread and external screw thread
Depart from again and screw, spring base is no longer interfered it is ensured that when safety valve works, its valve element can promote with the motion of look nut
Spring base compressing secure valve spring.
Described safety valve is provided with damping cavity, and damping cavity is the space being surrounded by valve element, valve pocket and end cap profile.From single
The highly pressurised liquid in body hydraulic prop post chamber passes through damping and spool bore enters damping cavity, and acts on the end of the valve element of damping cavity
Face, and offset the pressure of part valve element front end face highly pressurised liquid generation.So that the axial compressive force that valve element is subject to reduces, make peace
The pressure that full valve spring bears reduces, and rigidity necessary to safety valve spring and radial dimension all reduce, thus reducing safety
The design difficulty of valve spring.Additionally, highly pressurised liquid passes through damping, additionally aid stablizing of valve core movement.
In order to strengthen the sealing property of pressure three-purpose valve, important sealing station is provided with potted component.Pressure three-purpose valve
Sealed by sealing ring V and between hydraulic prop, check valve passes through one-way valve seat and forms sealing with steel ball, and feather valve leads to
Cross valve pad I and form sealing with the baffle ring II within left valve cylinder.Sealed by sealing ring III between valve pocket and right valve cylinder, valve element guiding valve section
Sealed by sealing ring IV and between valve pocket, sealed by sealing ring II between valve element guide section and valve pocket, pass through between end cap and valve pocket
Valve pad II seals, and is sealed by sealing ring I between valve element push rod section and end cap.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows, devise a kind of abnormity valve pocket structure, improve valve pocket flow field, weaken and displaced
Important valve port and the air pocket of band, thus protecting important excessively stream valve port, improve serviceability and the service life of valve element.
Because the valve core diameter that the special-shaped valve pocket of design needs is larger, eliminate the valve seat construction of safety valve, also so that abnormity valve pocket section
The area of passage of head piece is also relatively large.From valve port pressure flow equation, under equal pressure and traffic conditions, restriction
Flow velocity is lower.Therefore, the maximum license flow velocity of valve port increases, and the maximum instantaneous flow of pressure three-purpose valve increases, support system
Supporting performance improves further.Additionally, special-shaped valve pocket structure increases valve core diameter so that the seal section of safe valve core and leading
To section surface of friction pair micro forming can machining area increase, thus further increase pressure three-purpose valve safety valve lubrication and
Wear resistance.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the general structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the safety valve structure schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the safety valve abnormity valve pocket partial structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the safety valve abnormity valve pocket fluid domain partial structural diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 5 adopts the valve core structure schematic diagram of safety valve during conduction hole for flow guiding structure；
Fig. 6 adopts the valve core structure schematic diagram of safety valve during drainage trough for flow guiding structure；
Fig. 7 is the motion pattern in flow field at the restriction III of no high pressure flow guiding structure；
Fig. 8 be no high pressure flow guiding structure different valve port angles under air pocket cloud charts at restriction III；
Fig. 9 is the pressure distribution cloud atlas with restriction II for the restriction III of no high pressure flow guiding structure；
Figure 10 is the air pocket cloud charts with restriction II for the restriction III of no high pressure flow guiding structure；
Figure 11 is the three-dimensional air pocket distribution map of no high pressure flow guiding structure at restriction III；
Figure 12 is the three-dimensional air pocket cloud charts having high pressure flow guiding structure at restriction III；
Figure 13 is that the different radial dimensions of no high pressure flow guiding structure are divided with the air pocket of restriction under axial dimension III and back cavity
Cloth cloud atlas；
Figure 14 is the air pocket cloud charts of liquid outlet restriction III and back cavity in diverse location of no high pressure flow guiding structure；
In figure：1. left valve cylinder；2. right valve cylinder；3. check valve；4. feather valve；5. safety valve；6. connecting screw rod；31. fluid injections
Valve body；32. stop collars；33. one-way valve seats；34. steel balls；35. one-way valve springs；36. gland nuts；41. unloaded springs；
42. valve pads I；51. valve elements；52. valve pockets；53. end caps；54. spring bases；55. safety valve springs；56. look nuts；57. valve pads
Ⅱ；58. dampings；511. guiding valve sections；512. I section of valve ports；513. II section of valve ports；514. guide section；515. damping sections；516. push rod
Section；517. micro forming；541. base；542. pull bar；543. external screw thread；561. internal thread；562. counterbore；563. smooth hole；
564. chassis；91. sealing rings I；92. sealing rings II；93. sealing rings III；94. sealing rings IV；95. sealing rings V；A. restriction
Ⅰ；B. restriction II；C. restriction III；A. liquid injection hole；B. screw rod inlet hole I；C. screw rod portals I；D. valve pocket I；E. export I；F. spiral shell
Bar inlet hole II；G. screw rod portals II；H. fluid hole；Q. piston chamber；I. ante-chamber；J. lumen；K. flow guiding structure；K. drainage lumens；L.
Back cavity；M. exocoel；N. gap；P. baffle ring I；Q. liquid outlet；R. spool bore；S. damping cavity；T. baffle ring II；U. circular arc；V. long straight
Line；W. short straight line；X. oblique line；Y. radial dimension；Z. axial dimension；θ. restriction II valve port angle；β. restriction III valve port presss from both sides
Angle.
Specific embodiment
In order that technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect that the present invention is realized are easy to understand, below
In conjunction with specific embodiments and diagram, the present invention is expanded on further.
As shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder 1,
Right valve cylinder 2, check valve 3, feather valve 4, safety valve 5 and connecting screw rod 6.It is threaded connection between left valve cylinder 1 and right valve cylinder 2, single
It is sequentially arranged at the inside of left valve cylinder 1 and right valve cylinder 2 to valve 3, feather valve 4 and safety valve 5, logical between check valve 3 and safety valve 5
Cross connecting screw rod 6 to connect, feather valve 4 is arranged between check valve 3 and safety valve 5；Described safety valve 5 includes valve element 51, valve pocket
52nd, end cap 53, spring base 54, safety valve spring 55, look nut 56, valve pad II 57 and damping 58, described valve pocket 52 passes through circle
Post pair is arranged on inside right valve cylinder 2, is threaded connection between valve pocket 52 and connecting screw rod 6, and valve element 51 is arranged on by cylindrical pair
Inside valve pocket 52, look nut 56, by being threadably mounted at valve pocket 52 end, is connected by ball pair between spring base 54 and valve element 51,
The two ends of safety valve spring 55 are pressed on spring base 54 and look nut 56 respectively, and valve pad II 57 is arranged on valve pocket 52, and
It is in close contact with end cap 53, damping 58 is arranged on inside valve element 51.
As shown in Figure 2, Figure 5 and Figure 6, described valve element 51 by guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port, lead
Form to section 514, damping section 515 and push rod section 516.The outer surface of wherein guiding valve section 511, guide section 514 and push rod section 516 is equal
It is provided with micro forming 517；Guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port and guide section 514 maximum outside diameter identical.Guiding valve
The cavity wall of section 511 is provided with fluid hole h, and valve element 51 inside center is communicated with spool bore r of valve pocket and damping cavity.Guiding valve section 511,
I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port, guide section 514 and push rod section 516 all constitute cylindrical pair it is ensured that valve element with valve sleeving inner wall
51 have good guidance quality, and stable movement.By the runner of guiding valve section 511 be opened in valve element 51 internal it is ensured that guiding valve section
511 have guide effect in valve element 51 moving process all the time, further increase guiding essence within valve pocket 52 for the valve element 51
Degree.The cylindrical pair that guiding valve section 511, I section 512 of valve port, II section 513 of valve port and guide section 514 are coordinated with valve pocket 52 inner surface straight
Footpath is identical, not only ensure that the assembling capacity of valve element it is thus also avoided that the ante-chamber i, lumen j and the back cavity that produce because valve element 51 is mobile
The cavity volume change of L, and then prevent valve pocket from producing " pocketed oil " phenomenon.Micro forming not only has the function of hydrodynamic lubrication, also has
The standby function of storing micro- abrasive particle and micro lubricating liquid.Underground coal mine bad environments, the molecule such as coal grain and sandstone is to hydraulic pressure
Medium pollution is serious, and molecule enters valve element friction pair with hydraulic medium and increased valve port abrasion further.Therefore, it can borrow
Micro forming storage is helped to enter the molecule of valve port, thus improving the antipollution of valve element friction pair, wear resistance；Simultaneously micro- make
Type can also store liquid medium, and in dry friction or Starved Lubrication, the micro liquid medium of micro forming storage has secondary feed flow
The function of lubrication, thus the friction and wear mitigating valve element friction pair destroys.
Compared with traditional triple-use valve, designed eliminated based on the colliery pressure three-purpose valve of micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket
The valve seat construction of safety valve 5, on the premise of ensureing, with traditional triple-use valve, there is good interchangeability, designed pressure three-purpose valve
The diameter of the valve element 51 of safety valve is bigger, the micro forming on valve element 51 surface can machining area area bigger, the micro forming that can arrange
Number is more, and the population effect of micro forming hydrodynamic lubrication and bearing capacity becomes apparent from.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, valve element 51 and valve pocket 52 cooperation constitute special-shaped valve pocket structure, and special-shaped valve pocket includes restriction I
A, restriction II B, restriction III C, piston chamber Q, ante-chamber i, lumen j, drainage lumens K and back cavity L.Restriction I A throttles for guiding valve
Mouthful, at restriction II B, valve element wall is made up of one section of circular arc u and one section long straight line v, and at restriction II B, valve pocket wall is by one section
Short straight line w and one section of oblique line x composition.Designed special-shaped valve pocket both can guarantee that valve pocket pressure was more than first bulging power and is less than specified
During pressure, valve port is in sealing state；And when valve pocket pressure is more than rated pressure, valve port can be opened immediately, by two grades again
Restriction quick pressure releasing.Long straight line v and the cooperation of short straight line w make restriction close, and circular arc u and oblique line x cooperation makes restriction
Open.
Fig. 7 intuitively shows the impact of restriction Shapes body streamline, Fig. 8 from left to right, from top to bottom for equal
Under the conditions of, restriction II valve port angle theta and restriction III valve port angle β value equal, and take respectively 15 °, 22.5 °, 30 °,
Air pocket cloud charts when 37.5 ° and 45 °, at restriction III C.Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 is by computation fluid dynamics software emulation meter
Obtain, design conditions are inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.Numeral in Fig. 8
Volume ratio for gas phase and liquid phase.Optimization valve element wall and valve pocket are respectively assisted in from Fig. 7 and Fig. 8, circular arc u and oblique line x
Near wall flow field, suppression valve element is separated with wall with valve pocket near wall fluid flow line, forces fluid jet attached flow, thus simple
Little and transfer restriction air pocket, slows down cavitation erosion further, protects important excessively stream valve port and its band.And restriction II
When valve port angle theta and restriction III valve port angle β all take 45 °, the air pocket area at restriction III C and intensity are all less.
By shown in Fig. 2 to Fig. 4, described restriction III C is identical with the structure of restriction II B, the closing capacity of restriction III C
Equal with the closing capacity of restriction II B, and the closing capacity of restriction III C and restriction II B is all higher than the closing capacity of restriction I A.
Due to the difference of closing capacity, cause valve port to be opened and be divided into two stages.When hydraulic prop chamber is first bulging power, valve element 51
Forefront pressure is relatively low, and the fluid hole h of restriction I A is covered by valve pocket 52, and now restriction II B and restriction III C is also at sealing
State.Pressure with pillar chamber increases, and fluid hole h opens, and piston chamber Q passes through the ante-chamber i of fluid hole h and restriction II B upstream
Connection, but now restriction II B and restriction III C is still within sealing state.When the load that pillar is subject to continues to increase,
The pressure in post chamber exceedes pressure three-purpose valve rated operating pressure therewith increasing, and valve element moves further, promote restriction II B and
Restriction III C opens simultaneously, and the runner between ante-chamber i and restriction II B, lumen j, restriction III C, drainage lumens K and back cavity L is connected
Logical.Entirely the runner of special-shaped valve pocket has three restrictions, increased sealing property during valve closure.During special-shaped valve pocket conducting,
The highly pressurised liquid in pillar chamber passes sequentially through restriction II B and restriction III C pressure is released, in restriction II B and restriction
Under the two-step throttle effect of III C, arrange outside liquid.Pressure is obtained by two restriction shareds, the pressure that single restriction undertakes
To reduction.Therefore, the cavitation erosion of valve port is weakened.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 5 and Figure 6, it is provided with flow guiding structure k at described restriction III C.Described flow guiding structure k is to draw
Discharge orifice or drainage trough.The liquid of higher-pressure region can be introduced low pressure core area by flow guiding structure k, affect local main flow bundle, suppress low pressure
Core space pressure drop, thus slowing down local cavitation erosion, suppresses valve port low-pressure area air pocket size and model by pressure compensation
Enclose, thus slowing down cavitation erosion.Back cavity L due to restriction III C downstream is connected with the pressure three-purpose valve external world, and restriction III C
The pressure of the lumen j of upstream is higher, leads to easily produce air pocket at restriction III C；And the pressure of the ante-chamber i of restriction II B upstream
Power is high, and the pressure of the lumen j in restriction II B downstream is also higher, causes and produces air pocket possibility at restriction II B with respect to throttling
Little at mouth III C；And in the case that restriction III C is identical with restriction II B structure, air pocket first comes across restriction III C
Place, when situation deteriorates further, just can produce at restriction II B.Therefore, flow guiding structure k should be arranged at restriction III C.
Fig. 9 and Figure 10 respectively illustrates pressure and the air pocket cloud charts of restriction III C and restriction II B, and cloud atlas is by counting
Fluid operator mechanics CFD software simulation calculation obtains, and in Fig. 9, numeral is pressure value, and unit is Pa.In Figure 10, numeral is gas phase and liquid
The volume ratio of phase.Design conditions are inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.By Fig. 9
With Figure 10 understand, although the pressure at restriction II B is higher than at restriction III C, air pocket still appear at restriction III C and its
At the back cavity L in downstream.Further illustrate, flow guiding structure k should be arranged at restriction III C, rather than be arranged on restriction II B
Place.
Figure 11 is the three-dimensional air pocket distribution map of no high pressure flow guiding structure at restriction III C, and Figure 12 is to have height at restriction III C
The three-dimensional air pocket cloud charts of pressure flow guiding structure.Cloud atlas is obtained by computation fluid dynamics Software simulation calculation, and design conditions are
Inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.As shown in Figure 11, no high pressure flow guiding structure when
There is the air pocket of larger area in restriction III C, and no air pocket at restriction II B.When as shown in Figure 12, using high pressure flow guiding structure
At restriction III C and restriction II B, all no air pocket produces, and the air pocket of the backseat such as back cavity L and its periphery also obtains substantially
Improve.
As shown in figure 4, the radial dimension y of described back cavity L is equal with axial dimension z, back cavity L is provided with out flowing side
Liquid mouth q.Radial dimension y and axial dimension z composition equal in magnitude square structure, help valve pocket vortex convolution, the air pocket of generation
Shape is regular, and air pocket area is less, and air pocket intensity is relatively low, thus slowing down cavitation erosion.Liquid outlet q is arranged on coming of back cavity L
Stream side, contributes to guiding fluid flow direction and vortex recirculation, thus mitigating the air pocket of valve port jet injection generation, and arranges
It is being vortexed to flow side and additionally aid formation, vortex recirculation will extrude flowing, thus weakening air pocket, slowing down cavitation erosion further broken
Bad.
Figure 13 be back cavity L radial dimension y be respectively greater than, be equal to and less than axial dimension z when restriction III C and its under
The air pocket cloud charts of trip back cavity L.Figure 14 for liquid outlet q be separately positioned on back cavity L come to flow side, centre position and away from come
The air pocket cloud charts of restriction III C during stream side and downstream back cavity L.In Figure 13 and Figure 14, numeral is gas phase and liquid phase
Volume ratio, design conditions are also inlet pressure 10MPa, outlet pressure 0.1MPa, aqueous medium cavitation pressure 2340Pa.Figure 13
The radial dimension y further illustrating back cavity L with Figure 14 should be equal with axial dimension z, and liquid outlet q should be arranged on coming of back cavity L
Stream side.
After using micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket structure, the radial dimension of valve element 51 increases, and leads to safety valve bullet
The axial dimension of spring 55 increases, and brings difficulty to the design and installation of safety valve spring 55.As shown in Fig. 2 for solving further
The problems referred to above, described spring base 54 is made up of base 541, pull bar 542 and external screw thread 543, and pull bar 542 is arranged on base 541
Center, external screw thread 543 is arranged on pull bar 542 end.Described look nut 56 is provided with internal thread 561, counterbore 562, smooth
Hole 563 and chassis 564.Look nut 56 is screwed in pull bar 542 end external screw thread by internal thread 561 by rotation look nut 56
On 543, by the continuous precession of screw thread, slow compressing secure valve spring 55, after spring-compressed certain distance, internal thread 561
Depart from external screw thread 543 and screw, and on chassis 564, screw thread and the screw thread entrance on valve pocket 52 inwall screw, and continue rotation pressure regulation
Nut 56, the further compressing secure valve spring 55 of look nut 56, thus the precompression of regulation safety valve spring 55, that is, set up peace
The rated pressure value of full valve spring 55.Because the rigidity of safety valve spring 55 is larger, by internal thread 561 and external screw thread 543
Screw, primary compression is carried out to safety valve spring 55, facilitate the installation of safety valve spring 55, and substantially reduce valve pocket 52
Length, saves space so that the structure of pressure three-purpose valve is compacter.Additionally, when screw thread and valve pocket 52 inwall on chassis 564
On screw thread enter and screw after, internal thread 561 and external screw thread 543 depart from again and screw, the motion of spring base 54 and look nut 56
No longer interfere it is ensured that when safety valve 5 works, its valve element 51 can push the spring seat 54 compressing secure valve spring 55.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, described safety valve 5 is provided with damping cavity s, and damping cavity s is by valve element 51, valve pocket 52 and end
Cover the space that 53 profiles surround.Highly pressurised liquid from hydraulic prop post chamber passes through to damp 58 and the entrance damping of spool bore r
Chamber s, and act on the end face of the valve element 51 of damping cavity s, and offset the pressure of part valve element front end face highly pressurised liquid generation.Thus
The axial compressive force that valve element 51 is subject to is reduced, so that the pressure that safety valve spring 55 bears is reduced, and safety valve spring 55 is musted
The rigidity needing and radial dimension all reduce, thus reducing the design difficulty of safety valve spring 55.Additionally, highly pressurised liquid passes through damping
58, additionally aid stablizing of valve element 51 motion.
In order to strengthen the sealing property of pressure three-purpose valve, important sealing station is provided with potted component.Pressure three-purpose valve
Pass through sealing ring V 95 to seal, check valve 3 passes through one-way valve seat 33 and forms sealing with steel ball 34, unloads and between hydraulic prop
Carry valve 4 and pass through valve pad I 42 and the baffle ring II t formation sealing within left valve cylinder 1.Pass through sealing ring III between valve pocket 52 and right valve cylinder 2
93 sealings, pass through sealing ring IV 94 and seal, pass through between valve element guide section 514 and valve pocket 52 between valve element guiding valve section 511 and valve pocket 52
Sealing ring II 92 seals, and passes through valve pad II 57 and seals, pass through close between valve element push rod section 516 and end cap 53 between end cap 53 and valve pocket 52
Seal I 91 seals.
Pressure three-purpose valve is the core component of hydraulic prop, and hydraulic prop controls hydraulic pressure by pressure three-purpose valve
The setting prop of pillar, just support, carrying overflow and unloading prop drawing process, its course of work is as follows：
Setting prop, just support stage：First the fluid injection gun of hydraulic prop is inserted on the fluid injection valve body 31 of pressure three-purpose valve, hang
Good lock sleeve, plate moves fluid injection gun spanner, forces push rod to move axially, check valve 3 opened by jack-up steel ball 34, from the high pressure of pumping plant
Liquid will pass through liquid injection hole a and enters check valve 3, and screw rod inlet hole I b through connecting screw rod 6 within, screw rod portal I c, injects
Internal valve pocket I d of pressure three-purpose valve, and entered inside hydraulic prop by the outlet I e through hole on left valve cylinder 1 side wall, make liquid
Pressure pillar rises rapidly.After hydraulic prop contact back timber, top board produces certain resistance to hydraulic prop, in hydraulic prop stopping
Rise, in hydraulic prop, pressure steeply rises, final hydraulic prop cavity pressure is equal to pump station pressure, and obtain certain
Setting load.Then take off fluid injection gun, check valve 3 is closed, complete setting prop, first support process.Restriction I A, restriction during this
II B and restriction III C is in closure state.
Carry the overflow stage：In Bracing Process, top board can apply shock loading or cyclic loading to hydraulic prop,
When load value is less than the working resistance of hydraulic prop, in chamber, hydraulic coupling on valve element 51 for the operation medium is more than peace
The pretightning force of full valve spring 55, will force the outer shifting of valve element 51, and compressing secure valve spring 55, and damping cavity s is compressed therewith.Resistance
Liquid medium in the s of Buddhist nun chamber, by spool bore r, damping 58 entrance piston chamber Q.Now, with the increase of load, restriction I A
Gradually open, and restriction II B and restriction III C is still within closure state.When load value is more than the work of hydraulic prop
When making resistance, valve element continues outer shifting, and restriction II B and restriction III C is gradually opened.Now, from hydraulic prop post
The highly pressurised liquid in chamber, by exporting I e, screw rod inlet hole II f, screw rod portal II g, piston chamber Q, fluid hole h, restriction I A, ante-chamber
I, restriction II B, lumen j, restriction III C, drainage lumens K, back cavity L, liquid outlet q, exocoel m and gap n discharge pressure three-purpose valve
In vitro, pillar snapback, post cavity pressure reduces.When acting on the hydraulic coupling on valve element 51 by the bullet less than safety valve spring 55
During power, valve element 51 moves back, and restriction is closed.Thus ensureing that cavity pressure fluctuates all the time near safety valve rated operating pressure,
Realize constant-resistance to support.
The unloading prop drawing stage：In the single hydraulic prop back time receiving, handle in the unloading port inserting right valve cylinder 2 by unloading, plate
Dynamic unloading handles, and produces one along the axial power of pressure three-purpose valve, acts on valve pocket 52 end, compress unloaded spring by valve pocket 52
41, now and the connecting screw rod 6 that is threaded connection of valve pocket 52 is outer moves, between inside baffle ring II t of valve pad I 42 and left valve cylinder 1
Band is opened, and feather valve 4 is opened, and in hydraulic prop chamber, working media sprays into goaf, monomer liquid through left valve cylinder 1
Pressure pillar snapback under deadweight and action of reset spring, after hydraulic prop is fully retracted, closes feather valve 4, completes to unload
Carry prop drawing process.
The basic principles, principal features and advantages of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technical staff of the industry should
Understand, the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the base that the present invention is simply described described in above-described embodiment and specification
Present principles, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these change and
Improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope is by appending claims and its equivalent
Thing defines.
Claims (6)
1. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket, including left valve cylinder (1), right valve cylinder (2), check valve
(3), feather valve (4), safety valve (5) and connecting screw rod (6), are threaded connection between left valve cylinder (1) and right valve cylinder (2), unidirectional
Valve (3), feather valve (4) and safety valve (5) are sequentially arranged at left valve cylinder (1) and the inside of right valve cylinder (2), check valve (3) and peace
Pass through connecting screw rod (6) between full valve (5) to connect, feather valve (4) is arranged between check valve (3) and safety valve (5)；Described peace
Full valve (5) include valve element (51), valve pocket (52), end cap (53), spring base (54), safety valve spring (55), look nut (56),
Valve pad II (57) and damping (58), described valve pocket (52) is passed through cylindrical pair and is arranged on inside right valve cylinder (2), valve pocket (52) be connected
Screw rod is threaded connection between (6), and valve element (51) is arranged on valve pocket (52) inside by cylindrical pair, and look nut (56) passes through spiral shell
Line is arranged on valve pocket (52) end, is connected by ball pair, the two ends of safety valve spring (55) between spring base (54) and valve element (51)
Be pressed on respectively on spring base (54) and look nut (56), valve pad II (57) is arranged on valve pocket (52), and with end cap (53)
Be in close contact, damping (58) be arranged on valve element (51) internal it is characterised in that：
Described valve element (51) is by guiding valve section (511), I section of valve port (512), II section of valve port (513), guide section (514), damping section
(515) and push rod section (516) composition, the outer surface of wherein guiding valve section (511), guide section (514) and push rod section (516) is equipped with
Micro forming (517)；Guiding valve section (511), I section of valve port (512), valve port II section (513) and guide section (514) and the interior table of valve pocket (52)
The diameter of the cylindrical pair of face cooperation is identical；
Valve element (51) and valve pocket (52) cooperation constitute special-shaped valve pocket structure, and special-shaped valve pocket includes restriction I (A), restriction II
(B), restriction III (C), piston chamber (Q), ante-chamber (i), lumen (j), drainage lumens (K) and back cavity (L), restriction I (A) is guiding valve
Restriction, restriction II (B) place valve element wall is made up of one section of circular arc (u) and one section of long straight line (v), restriction II (B) place valve
Set wall is made up of one section of short straight line (w) and one section of oblique line (x)；
Described restriction III (C) is identical with the structure of restriction II (B), the closing capacity of restriction III (C) and restriction II (B)
Closing capacity equal, the closing capacity of restriction III (C) and restriction II (B) is all higher than the closing capacity of restriction I (A), and throttle
Mouth III (C) place is additionally provided with flow guiding structure (k).
2. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
Described flow guiding structure (k) is conduction hole or drainage trough.
3. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
The described radical length (y) of back cavity (L) and axial length (z) equal length, back cavity (L) be provided with liquid outlet flowing side
(q).
4. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
Described spring base (54) is made up of base (541), pull bar (542) and external screw thread (543), and pull bar (542) is arranged on base
(541) center, external screw thread (543) is arranged on pull bar (542) end.
5. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
Described look nut (56) is provided with internal thread (561), counterbore (562), smooth hole (563) and chassis (564).
6. the colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：
Described safety valve (5) is provided with damping cavity (s), and damping cavity (s) is to be surrounded by valve element (51), valve pocket (52) and end cap (53) profile
Space.
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| CN201611094299.7A CN106382125B (en) | 2016-12-01 | 2016-12-01 | Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming spool and special-shaped valve chamber |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114484014A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Liquid pump pressure control valve |
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| CN103835734A (en) * | 2014-04-02 | 2014-06-04 | 安徽理工大学 | Individual hydraulic prop large-flow water pressure three-purpose valve |
| CN206205913U (en) * | 2016-12-01 | 2017-05-31 | 安徽理工大学 | Colliery pressure three-purpose valve based on micro forming valve element and special-shaped valve pocket |
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| US3701386A (en) * | 1970-12-11 | 1972-10-31 | Dresser Ind | Hydraulic drifter |
| US6823673B2 (en) * | 2003-03-27 | 2004-11-30 | Shinn Fu Corporation | Lower control system regulating the flow rate of lifting jack oil |
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| CN114484014A (en) * | 2022-01-24 | 2022-05-13 | 浙江大学 | Liquid pump pressure control valve |
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| CN106382125B (en) | 2018-05-08 |
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