CN106381183A - Biological desulfurization device and desulfurization process for biogas - Google Patents
Biological desulfurization device and desulfurization process for biogas Download PDFInfo
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- CN106381183A CN106381183A CN201611081808.2A CN201611081808A CN106381183A CN 106381183 A CN106381183 A CN 106381183A CN 201611081808 A CN201611081808 A CN 201611081808A CN 106381183 A CN106381183 A CN 106381183A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
- C10L3/101—Removal of contaminants
- C10L3/102—Removal of contaminants of acid contaminants
- C10L3/103—Sulfur containing contaminants
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/52—Hydrogen sulfide
- B01D53/526—Mixtures of hydrogen sulfide and carbon dioxide
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/77—Liquid phase processes
- B01D53/78—Liquid phase processes with gas-liquid contact
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/96—Regeneration, reactivation or recycling of reactants
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L3/00—Gaseous fuels; Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by subclass C10G, C10K; Liquefied petroleum gas
- C10L3/06—Natural gas; Synthetic natural gas obtained by processes not covered by C10G, C10K3/02 or C10K3/04
- C10L3/10—Working-up natural gas or synthetic natural gas
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- C10L3/104—Carbon dioxide
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- C12—BIOCHEMISTRY; BEER; SPIRITS; WINE; VINEGAR; MICROBIOLOGY; ENZYMOLOGY; MUTATION OR GENETIC ENGINEERING
- C12P—FERMENTATION OR ENZYME-USING PROCESSES TO SYNTHESISE A DESIRED CHEMICAL COMPOUND OR COMPOSITION OR TO SEPARATE OPTICAL ISOMERS FROM A RACEMIC MIXTURE
- C12P3/00—Preparation of elements or inorganic compounds except carbon dioxide
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2251/00—Reactants
- B01D2251/30—Alkali metal compounds
- B01D2251/304—Alkali metal compounds of sodium
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- B01D2256/24—Hydrocarbons
- B01D2256/245—Methane
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- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
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Abstract
The invention relates to a biological desulfurization device and a process, and in particular relates to a biological desulfurization device and a desulfurization process for biogas. The biological desulfurization device comprises a desulfurizing tower, a biological oxidation reactor and a sulfur separator, wherein the bottom of the desulfurizing tower is connected with the bottom of the biological oxidation reactor; a pipeline connected with the sulfur separator is arranged on the biological oxidation reactor; the biological oxidation reactor is connected with the upper part of the desulfurizing tower by a pipeline; an outlet and an inlet through which compressed air passes are formed in the biological oxidation reactor. The biological desulfurization process disclosed by the embodiment of the invention has the advantages that a biological-method desulphurization process has no secondary pollution; a heating value of the biogas in the biological desulphurization process is kept unchanged, and a control system of the biological desulphurization process is simple.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of bio-desulfurization device and technique, particularly a kind of methane bio-desulfurization device and desulfurization work
Skill.
Background technology
Biogas is biomass energy, belongs to regenerative resource.Due to containing H in biogas2S, under wet heat condition, to metal
Pipeline, gas storage holder and gas equipment have very strong corrosivity.And in biogas combustion, H2S also can be converted into SO2, not only can
Pollution environment, but also meeting etching apparatus, so biogas needs to remove the H wherein containing before use2S.
Current biogas desulfurization technology mainly has following three kinds of modes:
Dry desulfurization:In dry-type desulfurizing tower, remove the H2S in biogas by the reaction of ferric oxide desulfurizer and H2S.But desulfurization
Agent can be lost efficacy after repeated use, and the waste material of generation can cause secondary pollution.
Wet desulphurization:In wet desulphurization tower, the H2S in biogas is absorbed by akaline liquid.Its first step using PH is
12.5 NaOH solution washing biogas, the clearance of H2S is 80%.Second step using PH, wash by the NaCO3 being 9.5 and NaOH solution
Wash, the clearance of the H2S after two steps are processed reaches more than 99%.But this method alkali liquor crystallizes in cyclic process quickly,
Blocking water pump, pipeline etc..
Biological desulphurization:It is using desulfurizing bacteria such as photosynthetic sulfur bacteria, Thiobacillus, colorless sulfur bacteria etc., H2S to be converted, can
There to be two kinds of reaction equations, it is:
H2S+2O2→H2SO4
H2S+O2→S+H2O
Every cubic metre of biogas treatment cost of biological desulphurization is less than 0.1 yuan, far below dry desulfurization and wet desulphurization.
Current biological desulphurization, major part is with mud after abundant aeration, culture domestication obtain containing desulfurizing bacteria
Solution as absorbing liquid, contact with biogas in absorption tower and reacted.Although in theory, participating in reaction by controlling
Oxygen content reaction can be controlled to be advantageous for generating H2SO4 and still generate simple substance S, but the complexity due to reaction, how
Reaction is control effectively make its generate simple substance S yet there are no disclosure.
Wherein dissolved oxygen to be made generally, due to absorbing liquid through aeration as the oxidant except H2S, usually fully to expose
Gas makes oxygen saturation, and such aeration is easily controlled.Absorbing liquid is generally neutral or acid, and such as absorbing liquid initial pH is 8.0, with
The carrying out reaction is gradually reduced to 2.5-3.0, and this biological desulfurizing technology is that H2S is converted into H2SO4.Generally go through acid life
After thing desulfurization, the removal effect required by biogas desulfurization can't be reached, also will be further across dry desulfurization, complex process.
The acid absorbing liquid for 2.5-3.0 for the another PH generating has stronger corrosivity to equipment, will to the corrosion resistance of desulphurization plant
Ask higher in addition it is also necessary to often change absorbing liquid.
Content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of sulfur method of the methane bio-desulfurization device that energy consumption is low, desulfurization degree is high.
The methane bio-desulfurization device of the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of methane bio-desulfurization device, including desulfurizing tower, bioreactor, sulfur separator, the bottom of desulfurizing tower is anti-with biology
The bottom answering device connects, and bioreactor is provided with the pipeline being connected with sulfur separator, bioreactor and desulfurizing tower top
Connected by pipeline, bioreactor is provided with the entry and exit of blowing air.
Sulfur removal technology adopts the following technical scheme that:
The sulfur method of methane bio-desulfurization device, is carried out as follows:Alkali liquor absorbs hydrogen sulfide, microorganism in desulfurizing tower
The desulfurization regeneration after hydrogen sulfide will be absorbed in biooxidation reactions device, and produce elemental sulfur.
The preferred version of sulfur method is:
Doctor solution through desulfurization top of tower spray head spray and under, the air inlet pipe from desulfurizing tower bottom for the hydrogen sulfide containing biogas is blown
Enter, be fully contacted with circulation fluid in the filler in the middle part of desulfurizing tower, circulation fluid is in alkalescence, selectivity is inhaled from biogas by hydrogen sulfide
Receive the doctor solution entrance biooxidation reactions device out absorbing hydrogen sulfide, there is desulfurization microorganism in reactor, made by oxidation
With the sulfur hydrogen radical ion-oxygen in doctor solution is melted into elemental sulfur.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the desulfurizer structural representation of the present invention.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment describe in detail the present invention:
1st, biological desulfurization process Introduction on Principle
Biological desulphurization (BDS) is using microorganism and its contained enzyme catalysiss sulfur-containing compound (H2S, organic sulfur), by contained by it
Sulfur organic is converted into the process of elemental sulfur S0-.TS biological desulfurization process adopts novel desulphurization strain(Thiobacillus ferrooxidant,
Thiobacillus thiooxidans and pseudomonass, acinetobacter calcoaceticus etc.), its desulfuration efficiency can be higher than 99.5%, higher than general biological desulphurization
Technology.
Biological desulfurization process belongs to separate type biological desulfurization process, does not introduce the exogenous gas such as air, oxygen, biogas
Calorific value keeps constant, can be used for house refuse, biogas that anaerobic digestion of kitchen wastes produces, natural gas, H2S in industrial waste gas
Removing.Desulfurization product is highly purified elemental sulfur, can be used for manufacturing sulphuric acid, chemical fertilizer etc..
Biological desulfurization process can be divided into three units:1. desulfurizing tower 2. biooxidation reactions device 3. sulfur separator.
In following flow chart;The zinc cation liquid of alkalescence(PH value is 7~9 NaOH solution)From the spray of desulfurization top of tower
Go out, with sulfur compound (the main H entering from desulfurization tower bottom2S source of the gas counter current contacting), efficient absorption H2S.Absorb H2S contains
The doctor solution of sulfide flows into biooxidation reactions device from desulfurization tower bottom, by the biological treatment of desulfurization microorganism, completes alkali
Property zinc cation liquid regeneration.Elemental sulfur isolates biological desulphurization system from sulfur separator in the way of granule precipitation.
In desulfurizing tower, H2S is desulfurized liquid and absorbs, and main chemical reactions are as follows:
H2The absorption of S:H2S+OH-= HS-+H2O;H2S+CO3 2-= HS-+HCO-
CO2Absorption:CO2+OH-= HCO3 –
In biooxidation reactions device, main chemical reactions are as follows:
The regeneration of doctor solution:HCO3 -+OH- = CO3 2-+H2O
2nd, biological desulfurization process main feature
(1) desulfuration efficiency is high
H2S clearance superelevation reaches 99.5%(More than), and can remove other organic sulfur compound, such as COS.
(2) desulphurization cost is low
Biological desulfurization process only needs certain proportion(About 0.5 cubic metre/kg sulfur)Compressed air and supplement a small amount of nutritional solution
(NPK), softened water(The boiler water of no calcium ions and magnesium ions), alkali liquor(NaOH solution), expensive chemical reagent need not be added.Take off with other
Sulfur technology is compared, and operating cost is ultralow, is conventional wet desulfurization (alkali liquid washing), dry method (chemical oxidation) 1/10, or even tens
/ mono-.
(3) desulfurization finished product is high-purity(95%~98%)Elemental sulfur, non-secondary pollution, need not reprocess, can directly sell
Sell.
(4) biogas calorific value keeps constant
Desulfurizing tower and biooxidation reactions device are by way of physics(Be equivalent to water seal effect, seal biogas and do not communicate with the external world)
Isolation, will not introduce air or oxygen in biogas, will not reduce the calorific value of biogas.Safety will be brought hidden to subsequent user
Suffer from.
(5) anti-load-bearing capacity is strong
H2Fluctuate between S concentration 100~20000ppm, very little is affected on whole desulphurization system.
(6) high degree of automation
By PLC and online monitoring instrument, key parameter is monitored, fully automatic operation, no labor intensity.
A kind of methane bio-desulfurization device, by desulfurizing tower 1, biooxidation reactions device 2 and sulfur separator etc. form, desulfurizing tower
1 bottom is connected with the bottom of biooxidation reactions device 2 by pipeline, biooxidation reactions device 2 is provided with and sulfur separator 3
The pipeline connecting, biooxidation reactions device 2 is connected by pipeline with desulfurizing tower 1 top, so, biooxidation reactions device 2 and taking off
Between 1 two independent equipment of sulfur tower, closed cycle pattern is connected into by pipeline(Belong to the isolation of physics mode, will not be to natural pond
Introduce air or oxygen in gas, the calorific value of biogas will not be reduced), after the top of desulfurizing tower 1 is provided with discharge removing hydrogen sulfide
Methane pipeline, biooxidation reactions device 2 is provided with the entry and exit of blowing air.
Sulfur method, alkali liquor absorbs hydrogen sulfide in desulfurizing tower, and microorganism will absorb sulfuration in biooxidation reactions device
Desulfurization regeneration after hydrogen, and produce elemental sulfur.Doctor solution through desulfurization top of tower spray head spray and under, hydrogen sulfide containing natural pond
The air inlet pipe from desulfurizing tower bottom for the gas is blown into, and is fully contacted with circulation fluid in the filler in the middle part of desulfurizing tower, and circulation fluid is in alkalescence,
By hydrogen sulfide, from biogas, selective absorbing out, absorbs the doctor solution entrance biooxidation reactions device of hydrogen sulfide, in reactor
There is desulfurization microorganism, the sulfur hydrogen radical ion-oxygen in doctor solution is melted into by elemental sulfur by Oxidation.
3rd, the advantage of the biological desulfurization process of the present embodiment
Taking the marsh gas treatment technology design of Shandong factory as a example, biogas treatment amount is 4000m3/ h, the pressure of design biogas is 3KPa,
Concentration of hydrogen sulfide 5000ppm it is desirable to after desulfurization the concentration of biogas Containing Sulfur hydrogen amount be not more than 100ppm.Various sulfur removal technologies are entered
Row is compared as follows:
3.1 compared with traditional sulfur removal technology, biological desulfurization process advantage
(1) bioanalysises sulfur removal technology operating cost is low
Though the disposable input of bioanalysises sulfur removal technology early stage is larger, runs and do not need to add expensive chemical reagent, run into
This is only 0.009 yuan/m3, and far below traditional sulfur removal technology, economic benefit is very considerable.
(2) operation of bioanalysises sulfur removal technology is highly stable
The elemental sulfur water solublity that bioanalysises sulfur removal technology produces is very good, will not block pipeline.And conventional dry sulfur removal technology surpasses
Big the drawbacks of is regular blocking.
(3) bioanalysises sulfur removal technology non-secondary pollution
Traditional wet desulphurization can produce substantial amounts of washess, produces secondary pollution;Conventional dry sulfur removal technology produces a large amount of
Solid waste, can form secondary pollution in reclaiming again.And TS bioanalysises sulfur removal technology end-product is elemental sulfur, pass through
The mode of precipitation directly recycles, and non-secondary pollution, because desulphurization can take very little partial desulfurization liquid out of in practice, can return
Doctor solution recycles.
(4) work of bioanalysises sulfur removal technology is slightly extremely low
Conventional dry sulfur removal technology need to often change desulfurizing agent, high labor intensive.And bioanalysises sulfur removal technology is stable, substantially
Do not need plant maintenance.
Compared with existing integral bio sulfur removal technology, the biological desulfurization process advantage of the present embodiment:
(1) bioanalysises sulfur removal technology non-secondary pollution
Integral bio desulfurization end-product is the dilute sulfuric acid that a large amount of concentration are about 0.5%, produces secondary pollution, need to do follow-up dilute
Acid treatment, ph very reduction process difficulty is very big.And the bioanalysises sulfur removal technology end-product of the present embodiment is elemental sulfur, it is not required to do subsequently
Process, directly recycle.
(2) in bioanalysises sulfur removal technology, biogas calorific value keeps constant
Integral bio desulfurization need to introduce external source air, and the Oxidation of Hydrogen Sulfide in biogas is become sulphuric acid, while introducing air, will
Substantial amounts of nitrogen is mixed in biogas, reduces the concentration of methane in sewage gas, has both reduced biogas calorific value.And the present embodiment is biological
In method sulfur removal technology, desulfurizing tower and biooxidation reactions device are isolated by way of physics, will not introduce air or oxygen in biogas
Gas, will not reduce the calorific value of biogas.
(3) bioanalysises sulfur removal technology control system is simple
Integral bio desulfurization need to introduce external source air, can be mingled with the remaining oxygen of oxidation, in order to prevent oxygen concentration in biogas
Too high cause to explode, need to increase detecting instrument, control oxygen concentration, control system is complex.And bioanalysises sulfur removal technology is not
Air or oxygen can be introduced in biogas, such issues that be not in, control system is simple, in addition in existing biological desulphurization work
In skill, sulfur removal technology runs very stable, the phenomenon such as no any stifled tower appearance.
Claims (3)
1. a kind of methane bio-desulfurization device, including desulfurizing tower, biooxidation reactions device, sulfur separator it is characterised in that:Desulfurization
The bottom of tower is connected with the bottom of biooxidation reactions device, and biooxidation reactions device is provided with the pipe being connected with sulfur separator
Road, biooxidation reactions device is connected by pipeline with desulfurizing tower top;Logical compressed air is provided with biooxidation reactions device
Entry and exit.
2. a kind of sulfur method of methane bio-desulfurization device as claimed in claim 1, is carried out as follows:Alkali liquor is de-
Hydrogen sulfide is absorbed, microorganism will absorb the desulfurization regeneration after hydrogen sulfide in biooxidation reactions device, and produce list in sulfur tower
Matter sulfur.
3. gas bio-desulfurization device according to claim 2 sulfur method it is characterised in that:Doctor solution is through desulfurization tower top
Portion spray head spray and under, the air inlet pipe from desulfurizing tower bottom for the hydrogen sulfide containing biogas is blown into, the filler in the middle part of desulfurizing tower
In be fully contacted with circulation fluid, circulation fluid is in alkalescence, and by hydrogen sulfide, from biogas, selective absorbing out, absorbs the de- of hydrogen sulfide
Sulfur liquid enters biooxidation reactions device, there is desulfurization microorganism, by Oxidation by doctor solution in biooxidation reactions device
Sulfur hydrogen radical ion-oxygen chemical conversion elemental sulfur.
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Cited By (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN109966883A (en) * | 2019-04-25 | 2019-07-05 | 常州南大常高新环保产业技术研究院有限公司 | A kind of biological desulphurization system that internal oxygenating is combined with external oxygenating |
CN110055118A (en) * | 2019-03-22 | 2019-07-26 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of method and device of biogas desulfurization |
CN110064295A (en) * | 2019-03-11 | 2019-07-30 | 昆明理工大学 | A kind of biogas oxygen-enriched combusting-biogas slurry denitrating system and method |
CN110643403A (en) * | 2018-06-27 | 2020-01-03 | 郑州大学 | Chemical absorption combined biological removal hydrogen sulfide and sulfur resource technology in methane |
CN111330425A (en) * | 2020-03-11 | 2020-06-26 | 唐山绿源环保科技有限公司 | Biological desulfurization system of desorption high concentration hydrogen sulfide |
CN113583726A (en) * | 2020-04-30 | 2021-11-02 | 蒋建平 | Biological fine desulfurization treatment system for biogas |
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