CN106375153A - Schedulability analysis method for real-time communication on network-on-chip - Google Patents
Schedulability analysis method for real-time communication on network-on-chip Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a schedulability analysis method for real-time communication on a network-on-chip. The method comprises the following steps: taking a stream with the highest priority among streams that are not analyzed as a target stream; searching a direct interference stream, the direct interference stream having high priority and sharing link resources on a routing path of the target stream; searching an indirect interference stream and a downstream indirect interference stream of the indirect interference stream, wherein the indirect interference stream is the stream that has high priority, shares the link resources with the direct interference stream on a direct interference stream path of the target stream and does not share the link resources with the target stream, and the indirect interference stream is divided into an upstream indirect interference stream and the downstream indirect interference stream according to a relative position in which the indirect interference stream and the direct interference stream share the link resources; calculating the maximum indirect interference and the maximum downstream indirect interference; and calculating the maximum time delay of the target stream. The method makes a distinction between different effects of the upstream indirect interference stream and the downstream indirect interference stream upon the target stream when analyzing and calculating the maximum time delay of the target stream, thereby ensuring correctness of schedulability analysis for real-time communication on the network-on-chip.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to integrated circuit network-on-chip communication technical field, more particularly, to real in a kind of network-on-chip
The Schedulability Analysis method of Shi Tongxin.
Background technology
Compared to non-realtime traffic, real-time Communication for Power, except requiring to transmit the logical correctness of result, also requires transmission delay
Less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, to ensure service quality (quality of service, abbreviation qos).For critical system,
If when running, real-time Communication for Power fails to meet corresponding predetermined threshold value, and result will be catastrophic.Therefore, in design
Can the stage meet corresponding predetermined threshold value to real-time Communication for Power streams all in network-on-chip and verify, you can the analysis of scheduling property,
It is particularly important.
For this problem, it is published in the tenth ieee/acm international symposium in 2008
" the real-time communication analysis for of the 161-170 page of networks-on-chip international conference
On-chip networks with wormhole switching " uses Real-Time Scheduling analysis theories, establishes a model
(hereinafter referred to as sb model) analyzing the maximum delay of each target stream, this model is easy to calculate, but is the introduction of excessive
Non-existent interference, leads to that calculated maximum delay is excessive, and schedulability is too low.It is published in " ieee transactions
On computers " 1177-1190 page of the 4th phase of volume 64 in 2015 " sla:a stage-level latency
Analysis for real-time communication in a pipelined resource model " proposes one kind
More fine-grained model (hereinafter referred to as sla model), introduce in model before can removing to a certain extent does not exist
Interference so that the maximum delay being calculated and schedulability are closer to reality, but this model improves calculating
Complexity.Meanwhile, the maximum delay that above-mentioned model calculates may be less than time delay in practice, by original non-scheduling
Stream be considered to dispatch, real-time system causes catastrophic effect.
Content of the invention
Disadvantages described above for prior art or Improvement requirement, the invention provides real-time Communication for Power in a kind of network-on-chip
Schedulability Analysis method, it is intended that the disturbance raw to target miscarriage to indirect interference stream by distinguishing upstream and downstream
Effect, based on Real-Time Scheduling analysis theories, analysis obtains and actual schedulability result that be consistent, correct, thus solving
Determine and may produce the technical problem of error analysis results in existing model.
For achieving the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, there is provided in a kind of network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can
Scheduling property analysis method, comprises the following steps:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream;
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream;
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource;
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly;
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream;
Step f: judge whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, the value of this threshold value is according to clothes
Business level protocol determines, if it is repeat step a to f is till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, no
Then represent that the real-time Communication for Power in this network-on-chip can not be scheduled, process terminates.
Preferably, in step b, if there are one or more streams on the routed path of target stream, its priority ratio target
The priority of stream is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows.
Preferably, interference stream includes direct interference stream and indirect interference stream, and direct interference adfluxion is closedWherein, i and j is numbering, λiAnd λjIt is respectively target stream and direct interference
Stream,WithIt is respectively λiAnd λjRouted path on link circuit resource set, piAnd pjIt is respectively λiAnd λjPriority.
Preferably, if high priority flows refer to there is one or many on the routed path of direct interference stream in step c
Individual stream, the priority of its priority ratio direct interference stream is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows.
Preferably, in step c, interference adfluxion is closed indirectly Wherein k is numbering, λkFor indirect interference stream, upstream disturbs adfluxion to close indirectlyDownstream disturbs adfluxion to close indirectlyWherein, fjiAnd fjkIt is respectively λiAnd λkWith λjShared
Article one, link is in λjRouted path on numbering.
Preferably, maximum interference i indirectlyjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamIt is respectively as follows:
iji=rj-cj
Wherein, cjFor λjMaximum delay when not being interfered, ikjFor λkTo λjThe interference producing, rjFor λjMaximum
Time delay, its computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, tkFor λkMiddle minimum is given out a contract for a project interval, ckFor λkMaximum delay when not being interfered, jkFor λkBetween giving out a contract for a project
Every time jitter.
Preferably, in step e, the maximum delay computing formula of target stream is:
In general, by the contemplated above technical scheme of the present invention compared with prior art, can obtain down and show
Beneficial effect:
(1) present invention can solve the problem that in existing model, mistake in the calculating due to maximum delay, leads to appearance in system
This problem of catastrophic effect: due to employing step c, d and e, indirect interference stream is divided into upstream further and indirectly disturbs
Stream is disturbed indirectly in stream and downstream, thus calculate maximum downstream indirectly disturbing, and applies to the calculating of maximum delay, therefore, it is possible to
Revise mistake in computation present in existing model, obtain the Schedulability Analysis knot of real-time real-time Communication for Power in correct network-on-chip
Really.
(2) present invention ensure that upstream disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb the accuracy of stream differentiation indirectly: in step c
In, flow, using indirect interference, first that first link shared with direct interference stream and direct interference stream are shared with target stream
Relative position between link, as judgment condition, can quickly and accurately be distinguished upstream and indirectly disturb stream and downstream indirect
Interference stream.
(3) present invention can solve correctly maximum downstream and indirectly disturb: in step d, by indirectly doing to downstream
The flow-disturbing interference raw to direct interference miscarriage is sued for peace it is ensured that the result being obtained is indirect not less than downstream in any case
Interference, i.e. maximum interference indirectly.
(4) calculating speed of the inventive method is fast, efficiency high.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the flow chart of the Schedulability Analysis method of real-time Communication for Power in network-on-chip of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the network-on-chip containing 5 real-time Communication for Power streams.
Specific embodiment
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention become more apparent, below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein is only in order to explain the present invention, and
It is not used in the restriction present invention.As long as additionally, involved technical characteristic in each embodiment of invention described below
The conflict of not constituting each other just can be mutually combined.
As shown in figure 1, the Schedulability Analysis method of real-time Communication for Power comprises the following steps in network-on-chip of the present invention:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream;
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream;Specifically, if one or more streams are existed on the routed path of target stream, its priority ratio target stream preferential
Level is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows;
Interference flow point is direct interference stream and indirect interference stream.Direct interference adfluxion is closedWherein, i and j is numbering, λiAnd λjIt is respectively target stream and direct interference
Stream,WithIt is respectively λiAnd λjRouted path on link circuit resource set, piAnd pjIt is respectively λiAnd λjPriority.
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource;Specifically, originally
The high priority flows being previously mentioned in step, if referring to there are one or more streams on the routed path of direct interference stream, its
The priority of priority ratio direct interference stream is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows;
Interference adfluxion is closed indirectlyWherein k is to compile
Number, λkFor indirect interference stream.Indirectly interference stream according to the relative position with direct interference stream shared link resource be divided into upstream and
Stream is disturbed in downstream indirectly.Upstream disturbs adfluxion to close indirectly
Downstream disturbs adfluxion to close indirectlyWherein, fjiAnd fjkRespectively
For λiAnd λkWith λjFirst shared link is in λjRouted path on numbering (one stream routed path on link compile
Number along stream direction of advance from 1 beginning incremented by successively).Specifically, if indirect disturb stream and direct interference stream to share
Article first, first link upstream that link is shared with target stream in direct interference stream, then this indirect interference is flowed and is indirectly done for upstream
Flow-disturbing;Conversely, then indirectly disturbing stream for downstream.
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly;
Maximum interference i indirectlyjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamIt is respectively as follows:
iji=rj-cj
Wherein, cjFor λjMaximum delay when not being interfered, ikjFor λkTo λjThe interference producing, rjFor λjMaximum
Time delay, its computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, tkFor λkMiddle minimum is given out a contract for a project interval, ckFor λkMaximum delay when not being interfered, jkFor λkBetween giving out a contract for a project
Every time jitter.
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream;
The maximum delay computing formula of target stream is
Step f: judge whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, the value of this threshold value is according to clothes
Business level protocol (service level agreement) determines, if it is repeat step a to f, until in network-on-chip
Till all of stream is all disposed, otherwise represent that the real-time Communication for Power in this network-on-chip can not be scheduled, process terminates.
First, embodiment:
Taking five real-time Communication for Power streams in Fig. 2 as a example, deriving analysis schedulability calculating process.It is 5 real-time streams in table 1
Parameter, wherein, ci、ti、pi、diAnd jiRespectively flow corresponding noiseless maximum delay, minimum is given out a contract for a project interval, priority, default
Threshold value and the shake at interval of giving out a contract for a project.
Table 1
Because the quantity of real-time streams in the present embodiment is 5, therefore the process of the present invention should include 5 cyclic processes,
Specific as follows:
(1) circulate for the first time:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream.
The stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip has λ1、λ2、λ3、λ4And λ5, wherein λ1Highest priority.Therefore, λ1For target
Stream.
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream.
For λ1, there is not direct interference stream,
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource.
For λ1, there is not indirect interference stream, also in the absence of trip interference stream indirectly,
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly.
For λ1, interference is 0 indirectly for maximum interference indirectly and downstream.
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream.
For λ1, maximum delay is r1=c1=30.
Step f: judge that whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, if it is repeat step a is extremely
F, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise represents that in this network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can not be adjusted
Degree, process terminates.
For λ1, r1=30 < d1=100, less than predetermined threshold value, also have the stream do not analyzed, therefore repeat step a extremely simultaneously
f.
(2) circulate for second:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream.
The stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip has λ2、λ3、λ4And λ5, wherein λ2Highest priority.Therefore, λ2For target stream.
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream.
For λ2, there is not direct interference stream,
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource.
For λ2, there is not indirect interference stream, also in the absence of trip interference stream indirectly,
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly.
For λ2, interference is 0 indirectly for maximum interference indirectly and downstream.
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream.
For λ2, maximum delay is r2=c2=30.
Step f: judge that whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, if it is repeat step a is extremely
F, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise represents that in this network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can not be adjusted
Degree, process terminates.
For λ2, r2=30 < d2=100, less than predetermined threshold value, also have the stream do not analyzed, therefore repeat step a extremely simultaneously
f.
(3) third time circulates:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream.
The stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip has λ3、λ4And λ5, wherein λ3Highest priority.Therefore, λ3For target stream.
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream.
For λ3, direct interference adfluxion is combined into
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource.
For λ3, there is not indirect interference stream, also in the absence of trip interference stream indirectly,
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly.
For λ3, interference is 0 indirectly for maximum interference indirectly and downstream,
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream.
For λ3, maximum delay isSolve r3=270.
Step f: judge that whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, if it is repeat step a is extremely
F, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise represents that in this network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can not be adjusted
Degree, process terminates.
For λ3, r3=270 < d3=300, less than predetermined threshold value, also have the stream do not analyzed, therefore repeat step a simultaneously
To f.
(4) the 4th circulations:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream.
The stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip has λ4And λ5, wherein λ4Highest priority.Therefore, λ4For target stream.
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream.
For λ4, direct interference adfluxion is combined into
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource.
For λ4, indirectly disturb adfluxion to be combined intoWith λ1The direct interference stream of shared link is λ3, due to f31=
1 < f34=5, therefore λ1Indirectly disturb stream for upstream, in the absence of trip indirectly interference stream,
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly.
For λ4, maximum disturbs indirectly as i24=0 and i34=120, maximum downstream is disturbed as 0 indirectly,
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream.
For λ4, maximum delay isSolve r4=340.
Step f: judge that whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, if it is repeat step a is extremely
F, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise represents that in this network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can not be adjusted
Degree, process terminates.
For λ4, r4=340 < d4=550, less than predetermined threshold value, also have the stream do not analyzed, therefore repeat step a simultaneously
To f.
(5) the 5th circulations:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream.
The stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip has λ5, wherein λ5Highest priority.Therefore, λ5For target stream.
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct
Interference stream.
For λ5, direct interference adfluxion is combined into,
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with mesh
The high priority flows of mark stream shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, share chain according to indirect interference stream with direct interference stream
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position of road resource.
For λ5, indirectly disturb adfluxion to be combined intoWith λ1And λ2The direct interference stream of shared link is λ3,
Due to f31=1 < f35=2 < f32=5, therefore λ1Indirectly disturb stream, λ for upstream2Indirectly disturb stream for downstream, downstream is disturbed indirectly
Adfluxion is combined into
Step d: stream is indirectly disturbed according to direct interference stream, upstream and downstream indirectly disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and
Maximum downstream is disturbed indirectly.
For λ5, maximum disturbs indirectly as i35=120, maximum downstream is indirectly disturbed and is
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream.
For λ5, maximum delay isSolve r5=310.
Step f: judge that whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, if it is repeat step a is extremely
F, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise represents that in this network-on-chip, real-time Communication for Power can not be adjusted
Degree, process terminates.
For λ5, r2=310 < d5=260, more than predetermined threshold value, analysis terminates, and under this set of circumstances, this piece is surfed the Net
In network, real-time Communication for Power can not be scheduled.
2nd, respectively examples detailed above is analyzed using sb model and sla model.
3rd, interpretation of result contrast:
Table 2
The analysis result of sb model, sla model and the inventive method, and the reality obtaining by emulation is listed in table 2
Test data.Simulation result shows, sb model and sla model have all obtained wrong analysis result, and the inventive method is correctly
Analyze the schedulability of real-time Communication for Power in this network-on-chip under this set of circumstances.
As it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that the foregoing is only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, not in order to
Limit the present invention, all any modification, equivalent and improvement made within the spirit and principles in the present invention etc., all should comprise
Within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. in a kind of network-on-chip the Schedulability Analysis method of real-time Communication for Power it is characterised in that comprising the following steps:
Step a: the stream of limit priority in the stream do not analyzed in network-on-chip is defined as target stream;
Step b: the high priority flows of shared link resource are found on the routed path of target stream, and as direct interference
Stream;
Step c: on the direct interference flow path of target stream, will with direct interference stream shared link resource, but not with target stream
The high priority flows of shared link resource are defined as indirectly disturbing stream, according to indirect interference stream and direct interference stream shared link money
Indirect interference stream is divided into upstream and indirectly disturbs stream and downstream indirectly to disturb stream by the relative position in source;
Step d: indirectly disturb stream and downstream indirectly to disturb the maximum interference indirectly of stream calculation and maximum according to direct interference stream, upstream
Downstream is disturbed indirectly;
Step e: indirectly disturb i according to maximumjiIndirectly disturb with maximum downstreamCalculate the maximum delay of target stream;
Step f: judge whether the maximum delay of target stream is less than or equal to predetermined threshold value, the value of this threshold value is according to service etc.
Level agreement determines, if it is repeat step a to f, till all of stream is all disposed in the network-on-chip, otherwise table
Show that the real-time Communication for Power in this network-on-chip can not be scheduled, process terminates.
2. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 1 is it is characterised in that in step b, if the route of target stream
One or more streams are existed on path, the priority of its priority ratio target stream is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows.
3. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 1 it is characterised in that interference stream include direct interference stream and
Connect interference stream, direct interference adfluxion is closedWherein, i and j is numbering, λiAnd λj
It is respectively target stream and direct interference stream,WithIt is respectively λiAnd λjRouted path on link circuit resource set, piAnd pj
It is respectively λiAnd λjPriority.
4. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 3 is it is characterised in that in step c, be previously mentioned in this step
High priority flows, if referring to there are one or more streams on the routed path of direct interference stream, its priority ratio is directly done
The priority of flow-disturbing is high, then this stream is just considered high priority flows.
5. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 4 is it is characterised in that in step c, interference adfluxion is closed indirectlyWherein k is numbering, λkFor indirect interference stream, upstream
Interference adfluxion is closed indirectlyDownstream disturbs adfluxion to close indirectlyWherein, fjiAnd fjkIt is respectively λiAnd λkWith λjShared
Article one, link is in λjRouted path on numbering.
6. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 5 is it is characterised in that maximum disturb i indirectlyjiWith maximum downstream
Indirectly disturbIt is respectively as follows:
iji=rj-cj
Wherein, cjFor λjMaximum delay when not being interfered, ikjFor λkTo λjThe interference producing, rjFor λjMaximum prolong
When, its computing formula is as follows:
Wherein, tkFor λkMiddle minimum is given out a contract for a project interval, ckFor λkMaximum delay when not being interfered, jkFor λkGive out a contract for a project interval
Time jitter.
7. Schedulability Analysis method according to claim 6 it is characterised in that in step e target stream maximum delay
Computing formula is:
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李洋: "基于QoS保证的2D_mesh片上网络延时评价与性能优化研究", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库》 * |
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Cited By (1)
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CN108983712A (en) * | 2018-06-04 | 2018-12-11 | 华东师范大学 | A kind of optimization mixes the method for scheduling task of crucial real-time system service life |
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