CN106375105A

CN106375105A - Method of determining path fault, controller, switches and system

Info

Publication number: CN106375105A
Application number: CN201510443925.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘海霞
Original assignee: Huawei Technologies Co Ltd
Current assignee: Huawei Cloud Computing Technologies Co Ltd
Priority date: 2015-07-24
Filing date: 2015-07-24
Publication date: 2017-02-01
Anticipated expiration: 2035-07-24
Also published as: CN106375105B

Abstract

The invention discloses a method of determining a path fault, a controller, switches and a system. Through presetting a flow entry on each switch on a to-be-detected path, the controller indicates the switch to report the label of the path where the switch is after a fault trace message is received; the controller compares the information of the switch corresponding to the received path label with predetermined information of each switch in the to-be-detected path corresponding to the path label, whether a fault appears in the to-be-detected path is determined according to a comparison result; and the controller only needs to issue one fault tracking message to an initial switch in the to-be-detected path, detection on at least one path can be completed, and the path detection efficiency can be improved. During the whole process, the switch completes data layer functions such as message forwarding and information reporting only under control of the controller, which is in line with features of separation between a control panel and a forwarding plane in a SDN (Software Defined Network).

Description

A kind of method determining path failure, controller, switch and system

Technical field

The present invention relates to communication technical field, more particularly, to a kind of method determining path failure, controller, Switch and system.

Background technology

Software defined network (English: software defined network, referred to as: sdn) start one The revolution of field network field, it relies on the theory of control and forward separating, control plane is contracted to controller, It is easy to global monitoring and management data center network apparatus.With the continuous research of the various key technology of sdn, Inquire into and ripe, sdn is also gradually excellent as management data center network by operator/cloud service provider Select scheme.

Openflow agreement is a kind of network communication protocol that in sdn, controller controls forwarding surface equipment, real Show the separation of data Layer and key-course.Openflow network is by openflow switch and controller (English Literary composition: controller) formed by openflow passage (English: openflow channel), wherein Controller is control centre, protocol generation flow table (English: the flow of the configuration according to user or dynamic operation Table) it is sent to openflow switch.On controller may running experiment program, or third party opens Software sent out etc..Openflow switch receives the flow table of controller setting, and is reported according to flow table Literary composition is processed, to state and the event of controller report openflow switch.Flow table is that openflow hands over Change planes and carry out the kernel data structure of forwarding strategy control, including matching domain (English: match), enumerator (English: counter) and action domain (English: action).

But controller and openflow switch all cannot know the actual transmissions situation of message, thus cannot Determine the forward-path whether fault of message.In order to solve this problem, can be by traditional multiprotocol label Exchange the tag changeable path in (English: multi-protocol label switching, referred to as: mpls) Footpath (English: label-switched path, referred to as: lsp) path tracing (English: traceroute) Scheme is applied in sdn, and the forward-path of message is tracked.

Mpls lsp path tracing scheme is by the source end node on lsp (as initiateing on a forward-path Switch or router) to send life span (English: time to live, referred to as: ttl) stepping be 1 Mpls echo request message, allow lsp on the way node be subsequently received ttl time-out echo During request message, return the downstream information (next hop address of inclusion present node carrying present node With information such as outgoing label) mpls echo reply message to source end node, thus making source end node permissible Get the information of each node on lsp, and determine whether lsp breaks down.

For example, in FIG, r1, r2, r3 and r4 constitute a lsp, and r1 is rising on this lsp Beginning router, when on r1 execution for r4 lsp path tracing when, r1 successively to r2, r3 and R4 send ttl be 1,2 and 3 mpls echo request message, and according to r2, r3 and r4 Whether return mpls echo reply message and determine whether this lsp breaks down.

Although can be with the reality of probe messages using the lsp path tracing scheme in mpls in sdn scene Border forward-path whether fault, but there is also problems with:

First, with the increase of switch quantity on forward-path, the initial exchange machine on forward-path needs The quantity of the mpls echo request message sending also will increase, and result in the decline following the trail of efficiency.

In second, sdn, openflow switch is served only for the forwarding of data Layer, but the lsp in mpls Path tracing scheme needs openflow switch to complete the key-courses such as the initialization of mpls echo message Function, does not meet the characteristic detached with forwarding surface of chain of command in sdn.

Content of the invention

The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of method determining path failure, controller, switch and system, uses To solve to lead to tracking efficiency to decline with the increase of switch quantity on forward-path, and mpls Lsp path tracing scheme does not meet the problem of the chain of command of sdn and the stalling characteristic of forwarding surface.

In a first aspect, embodiments providing a kind of method determining path failure, comprising:

Controller determines the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising on path to be detected, and waits to visit for described Survey path allocation to be used for identifying the path label in described path to be detected；

Described controller according to determine respective switch information, respectively to each on described path to be detected Switch issues flow table item, and described flow table item comprises described path label, for mating fault trace message Matching domain and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain, described path label is reported institute State the action domain of controller；

The switch that described controller receives on described path to be detected flows through the fault trace of itself in process During message, according to the described path label that reports of flow table item receiving, and by the described path label receiving with Report the corresponding storage of exchanger information of the switch of described path label；

Described controller by store the exchanger information corresponding to described path label with determine each friendship The information of changing planes is compared；

If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, otherwise determine described path to be detected Break down.

In conjunction with a first aspect, in the first possible implementation of first aspect, described controller is respectively Issue flow table item to the respective switch on described path to be detected, comprising:

Described controller issues the first flow table item to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, and described first The matching domain of flow table item includes initial exchange machine and the switch terminating switch on described path to be detected Information, the action domain of described first flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in event Barrier follows the trail of the instruction in the mpls label of message, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent out The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine is given on described path to be detected, and The fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported the instruction of described controller；

Described controller each in addition to initial exchange machine and termination switch on described path to be detected Intermediary switch issues the second flow table item, and the matching domain of described second flow table item includes described path label, institute The action domain stating the second flow table item includes for the fault trace message being packaged with described path label reporting institute State the instruction of controller, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to treats described The instruction of the next switch being connected with described intermediary switch on detective path；

Described controller issues the 3rd flow table item to the termination switch on described path to be detected, and the described 3rd The matching domain of flow table item includes described path label, and the action domain of described 3rd flow table item is included by encapsulation The fault trace message stating path label reports the instruction of described controller.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of first aspect, in the possible realization of the second of first aspect In mode, the action domain of described first flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

The action domain of described first flow table item is included the friendship on described path label and described path to be detected Change planes corresponding switch label, be encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message together；Or

The action domain of described first flow table item includes for described path label being individually encapsulated in fault trace message Mpls label in instruction.

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of first aspect, first aspect, in first aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message is described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, and issued by described controller To described initial exchange machine, in order to described initial exchange machine by described path to be detected by fault trace report Literary composition is transferred to described termination switch.

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of first aspect and first aspect Kind, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, described controller will store corresponding to described After the exchanger information of path label is compared with the respective switch information determining, methods described is also wrapped Include:

Described controller sends to the respective switch on described path to be detected and deletes described stream for instruction The instruction of list item.

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of first aspect and first aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of first aspect, described controller is respectively to described road to be detected Before respective switch on footpath issues flow table item, also include:

A length of t1 when described controller arranges the survival of described flow table item, indicates on described path to be detected Respective switch deletes described flow table item through t1 duration after receiving described flow table item；Or

A length of t2 when described controller arranges the survival of described flow table item, indicates described path to be detected On respective switch receive described tracking message after through t2 duration delete described flow table item.

Second aspect, embodiments provides a kind of method determining path failure, comprising:

Switch receives the flow table item that controller issues；

Any one switch on path to be detected that described switch determines for controller, described flow table item Comprise path label, the coupling for mating fault trace message that described controller is path allocation to be detected Domain and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain, described path label is reported described control The action domain of device processed；

Described switch when receiving fault trace message, according to described fault trace message and described flow table The result whether matching domain of item mates, it is determined whether the instruction according to the action domain of described flow table item will be described Path label reports described controller.

In conjunction with second aspect, in the first possible implementation of second aspect,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including the exchanger information of the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch, described flow table item Action domain include described path label, by described path label be encapsulated in fault trace message mpls mark Instruction in label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent in described path to be detected On the instruction of next switch that is connected with described initial exchange machine, and described path label will be packaged with Fault trace message report the instruction of described controller；

If described switch be on described path to be detected except initial exchange machine and terminate switch in addition in Between switch when, then the matching domain of described flow table item includes described path label, the action domain of described flow table item Including the instruction that the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described controller, and will Be packaged with described path label fault trace message be sent on described path to be detected with described centre The instruction of the next switch that switch is connected；

If described switch is the termination switch on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including described path label, the action domain of described flow table item includes to be packaged with described path label for instruction Fault trace message report the instruction of described controller.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of second aspect, in the possible realization of the second of second aspect In mode, the action domain of described flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

The action domain of described flow table item is included the switch on described path label and described path to be detected Corresponding switch label, is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message together；Or

The action domain of described flow table item includes for described path label being individually encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label.

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of second aspect, second aspect, in second aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message be described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, described to be detected for detecting The transmission state in path.

In conjunction with the third possible implementation of second aspect, in the 4th kind of possible realization of second aspect In mode,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described switch receives fault Follow the trail of message, comprising:

Described switch receives the fault trace message that described controller sends；

If described switch be the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on described path to be detected or Terminate switch, then described switch receives fault trace message, comprising:

The upper switch that described switch reception is connected with described switch on described path to be detected The fault trace message sending.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of second aspect and second aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of first aspect,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described switch determines described Whether fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, comprising:

Described switch determine the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip address, Whether source mac address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item；

If described switch is the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine or end on described path to be detected Only switch, then described switch determine the matching domain of described fault trace message and described flow table item whether Join, comprising:

Described switch determines mating of mpls label in described fault trace message and described flow table item Whether domain mates.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of second aspect and second aspect Kind, in the 6th kind of possible implementation of second aspect, methods described also includes:

Described switch determine whether to report the exchanger information of itself and described path label described After controller, described flow table item is deleted in the instruction according to described controller；Or

The survival duration t1 that described switch is arranged in described flow table item according to described controller, is receiving Delete described flow table item through t1 duration to after described flow table item；Or

The survival duration t2 that described switch is arranged in described flow table item according to described controller, is receiving Delete described flow table item through t2 duration to after described fault trace message.

The third aspect, embodiments provides a kind of controller, comprising:

Allocation unit, for the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising is determined on path to be detected, and be Described path allocation to be detected is used for identifying the path label in described path to be detected；

Transmitting element, for according to the respective switch information determining, respectively on described path to be detected Respective switch issues flow table item, and described flow table item comprises described path label, is used for mating fault trace report Literary composition matching domain and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain, described path label is reported Action domain to described controller；

Receiving unit, flows through the fault of itself and chases after processing for receiving the switch on described path to be detected The described path label reporting during track message, according to the flow table item receiving；

Memory element, for the friendship of the described path label that will receive and the switch reporting described path label The corresponding storage of information of changing planes；

Comparing unit, for will storage the exchanger information corresponding to described path label with determine each Exchanger information is compared；If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, otherwise really Break down in fixed described path to be detected.

In conjunction with the third aspect, in the first possible implementation of the third aspect, described transmitting element tool Body is used for:

Issue the first flow table item to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described first flow table item The exchanger information joined the initial exchange machine that domain includes on described path to be detected and terminate switch, described the The action domain of one flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to and treats described The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine on detective path, and will be packaged with described The fault trace message of path label reports the instruction of described controller；

Each intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine and termination switch on described path to be detected Issue the second flow table item, the matching domain of described second flow table item includes described path label, described second flow table The action domain of item includes for the fault trace message being packaged with described path label reporting described controller Instruction, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent on described path to be detected The instruction of the next switch being connected with described intermediary switch；

Issue the 3rd flow table item to the termination switch on described path to be detected, described 3rd flow table item Join domain and include described path label, the action domain of described 3rd flow table item includes to be packaged with described path label Fault trace message report the instruction of described controller.

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the third aspect, in the possible realization of the second of the third aspect In mode, the action domain of described first flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of the third aspect, the third aspect, in the third aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message is described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, and issued by described controller To described initial exchange machine, in order to described initial exchange machine by described path to be detected by fault trace report Literary composition is transferred to described termination switch.

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the third aspect and the third aspect Kind, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of the third aspect, in described comparing unit corresponding to storage After the exchanger information of described path label is compared with the respective switch information determining, described transmission Unit is additionally operable to:

Send the instruction deleting described flow table item for instruction to the respective switch on described path to be detected.

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the third aspect and the third aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of the third aspect, described controller also includes:

Arranging unit, under in described transmitting element respectively to the respective switch on described path to be detected Before sending out flow table item, a length of t1 during the survival of the described flow table item of setting, indicate on described path to be detected Respective switch deletes described flow table item through t1 duration after receiving described flow table item；Or, setting institute State flow table item survival when a length of t2, indicate described path to be detected on respective switch receive Delete described flow table item through t2 duration to after described tracking message.

Fourth aspect, embodiments provides a kind of switch, and described switch determines for controller Any one switch on path to be detected, described switch includes:

Receiving unit, for receiving the flow table item that controller issues；Described flow table item comprises described controller The path label of path allocation to be detected, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction therefore Barrier follows the trail of the action domain that described path label reports when message is mated described controller with matching domain；

Determining unit, for when described receiving unit receives fault trace message, chasing after according to described fault The result whether track message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, it is determined whether according to the row of described flow table item Described path label is reported described controller by the instruction in dynamic domain.

In conjunction with fourth aspect, in the first possible implementation of fourth aspect,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including the exchanger information of the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch, described flow table item Action domain include described path label, by described path label be encapsulated in fault trace message mpls mark Instruction in label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent in described path to be detected On the instruction of next switch that is connected with described initial exchange machine and described path label will be packaged with Fault trace message report the instruction of described controller；

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of fourth aspect, in the possible realization of the second of fourth aspect In mode, the action domain of described flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of fourth aspect, fourth aspect, in fourth aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message be described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, described to be detected for detecting The transmission state in path.

In conjunction with the third possible implementation of fourth aspect, in the 4th kind of possible realization of fourth aspect In mode,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described receiving unit receives event Barrier follows the trail of message, comprising:

Described receiving unit receives the fault trace message that described controller sends；

If described switch be the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on described path to be detected or Terminate switch, then described receiving unit receives fault trace message, comprising:

Described receiving unit receives the upper exchange being connected on described path to be detected with described switch The fault trace message that machine sends.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of fourth aspect and fourth aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of the third aspect,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described determining unit determines institute State whether fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, comprising:

Described determining unit determines the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip ground Whether location, source mac address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item；

If described switch is the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine or end on described path to be detected Only switch, then described determining unit determine the matching domain of described fault trace message and described flow table item whether Coupling, comprising:

Described determining unit determine mpls label in described fault trace message and described flow table item Join whether domain mates.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of fourth aspect and fourth aspect Kind, in the 6th kind of possible implementation of fourth aspect, described switch also includes:

Delete unit, for determining whether the exchanger information of itself and described path in described determining unit After label reports described controller, described flow table item is deleted in the instruction according to described controller；Or, root The survival duration t1 arranging in described flow table item according to described controller, receives institute in described receiving unit Described flow table item is deleted through t1 duration after stating flow table item；Or, according to described controller in described flow table item The survival duration t2 of middle setting, when after described receiving unit receiving described fault trace message through t2 The described flow table item of long deletion.

5th aspect, embodiments provides a kind of controller, comprising:

Processor, for determining the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising on path to be detected, and for institute State path allocation to be detected for identifying the path label in described path to be detected；

Transceiver, for according to the respective switch information determining, respectively to each on described path to be detected Individual switch issues flow table item, and described flow table item comprises described path label, is used for mating fault trace message Matching domain and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain, described path label is reported The action domain of described controller；And the switch receiving on described path to be detected flows through itself in process The described path label reporting during fault trace message, according to the flow table item receiving；

Memorizer, for the exchange of the described path label that will receive and the switch reporting described path label The corresponding storage of machine information；

Described processor is additionally operable to, and described memory storage is believed corresponding to the switch of described path label Breath is compared with the respective switch information determining；If comparison result consistent it is determined that described road to be detected Footpath is normal, otherwise determines to break down in described path to be detected.

In conjunction with the 5th aspect, in the first possible implementation of the 5th aspect, described transmitting-receiving implement body For:

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the 5th aspect, in the possible realization of the second of the 5th aspect In mode, the action domain of described first flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of the 5th aspect, the 5th aspect, at the 5th aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message is described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, and issued by described controller To described initial exchange machine, in order to described initial exchange machine by described path to be detected by fault trace report Literary composition is transferred to described termination switch.

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the 5th aspect and the 5th aspect Kind, in the 4th kind of possible implementation of the 5th aspect, will store corresponding to institute in described processor After the respective switch information of the exchanger information and determination of stating path label is compared, described transceiver It is additionally operable to:

Any one to the third possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the 5th aspect and the 5th aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of the 5th aspect, described processor is additionally operable to:

Before described transceiver issues flow table item to the respective switch on described path to be detected respectively, if Put described flow table item survival when a length of t1, indicate described path to be detected on respective switch receive Delete described flow table item through t1 duration to after described flow table item；Or, when the survival of described flow table item is set A length of t2, the respective switch on the described path to be detected of instruction is after receiving described tracking message Delete described flow table item through t2 duration.

6th aspect, embodiments provides a kind of switch, and described switch determines for controller Any one switch on path to be detected, described switch includes:

Transceiver, for receiving the flow table item that controller issues；It is to treat that described flow table item comprises described controller Detective path distribution path label, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction in fault Follow the trail of action domain when message is mated, described path label being reported described controller with matching domain；

Processor, for when described transceiver receives fault trace message, according to described fault trace report The result whether matching domain of civilian and described flow table item mates, it is determined whether according to the action domain of described flow table item Instruction, indicate described transceiver described path label is reported described controller.

In conjunction with the 6th aspect, in the first possible implementation of the 6th aspect,

In conjunction with the first possible implementation of the 6th aspect, in the possible realization of the second of the 6th aspect In mode, the action domain of described flow table item includes for described path label being encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, comprising:

In conjunction with the possible implementation of the first or second of the 6th aspect, the 6th aspect, at the 6th aspect The third possible implementation in, described fault trace message be described controller according to described to be detected The exchanger information construction of the initial exchange machine on path and termination switch, described to be detected for detecting The transmission state in path.

In conjunction with the third possible implementation of the 6th aspect, in the 4th kind of possible realization of the 6th aspect In mode,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described transceiver receives fault Follow the trail of message, comprising:

Described transceiver receives the fault trace message that described controller sends；

If described switch be the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on described path to be detected or Terminate switch, then described transceiver receives fault trace message, comprising:

The upper switch that described transceiver reception is connected with described switch on described path to be detected The fault trace message sending.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the 6th aspect and the 6th aspect Kind, in the 5th kind of possible implementation of the 5th aspect,

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described processor determines described Whether fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, comprising:

Described processor determine the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip address, Whether source mac address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item；

If described switch is the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine or end on described path to be detected Only switch, then described processor determine the matching domain of described fault trace message and described flow table item whether Join, comprising:

Described processor determines mating of mpls label in described fault trace message and described flow table item Whether domain mates.

Any one to the 4th kind of possible implementation in conjunction with the first of the 6th aspect and the 6th aspect Kind, in the 6th kind of possible implementation of the 6th aspect, described processor is additionally operable to:

After determining whether for the exchanger information of itself and described path label to report described controller, Described flow table item is deleted in instruction according to described controller；Or, according to described controller in described flow table item The survival duration t1 of setting, deletes described after described transceiver receives described flow table item through t1 duration Flow table item；Or, the survival duration t2 being arranged in described flow table item according to described controller, in described receipts Send out after device receives described fault trace message and delete described flow table item through t2 duration.

7th aspect, embodiments provides a kind of system determining path failure, comprising:

Controller, for determining the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising on path to be detected, and for institute State path allocation to be detected for identifying the path label in described path to be detected；According to each exchange determining Machine information, issues flow table item to the respective switch on described path to be detected, described flow table item comprises respectively Described path label, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction fault trace message with During matching domain coupling, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller；Receive described road to be detected The institute that switch on footpath reports when processing the fault trace message flowing through itself, according to the flow table item receiving State path label, and the switch by the described path label receiving and the switch reporting described path label The corresponding storage of information；By the exchanger information corresponding to described path label of storage and each exchange determining Machine information is compared；If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, otherwise determine institute State path to be detected to break down；

Switch, is any one switch on the path to be detected that described controller determines, for receiving The flow table item that described controller issues；Described flow table item comprises the road that described controller is path allocation to be detected Footpath label, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction in fault trace message and matching domain During coupling, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller；Receiving fault trace message When, the result whether mated with the matching domain of described flow table item according to described fault trace message, it is determined whether Described path label is reported described controller by the instruction according to the action domain of described flow table item.

Using scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention, controller is by treating each friendship comprising on detective path Change planes preset flow table item, instruction switch reports the path in its place path to mark after receiving fault trace message Sign, controller will the exchanger information of this path label that receives of correspondence, with predetermined to should path Each exchanger information that the path to be detected of label comprises is compared, and determines road to be detected according to comparison result Whether footpath breaks down, and wherein, controller only need to issue a fault trace message and can complete at least one The detection in path, improves the efficiency of path detection；And whole process switch only need to be in the control of controller Complete the function of the data Layers such as message forwarding and information reporting under system, meet control panel and forwarding in sdn The detached characteristic in face.

Brief description

Fig. 1 is the exemplary plot of lsp path tracing process under prior art；

Fig. 2 is the method flow diagram that a kind of controller side provided in an embodiment of the present invention determines path failure；

Fig. 3 is a kind of schematic diagram of a scenario of sdn provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 4 is the method flow diagram that a kind of exchanger side provided in an embodiment of the present invention determines path failure；

Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of another kind controller provided in an embodiment of the present invention；

Fig. 8 is the structural representation of another kind switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

Specific embodiment

Embodiments provide a kind of method determining path failure, controller, switch and system, Controller is being received by treating the preset flow table item of the respective switch comprising on detective path, instruction switch The path label in its place path is reported, this path label that correspondence is received by controller after fault trace message Exchanger information, with predetermined to should path label each switch letter that comprises of path to be detected Breath is compared, and determines whether path to be detected breaks down according to comparison result, wherein, controller only needs Issue the detection that a fault trace message can complete at least one paths, improve the effect of path detection Rate；And whole process switch only need to complete message under the control of the controller and forward and the numbers such as information reporting According to the function of layer, meet the characteristic detached with forwarding surface of control panel in sdn.

It is to be herein pointed out described switch in the present invention refers to openflow switch, Hold openflow agreement.

With reference to Figure of description and each embodiment, technical solution of the present invention is illustrated.

Refering to shown in Fig. 2, one embodiment of the invention provides a kind of method that controller side determines path failure, Its flow process is as follows:

Step 201: controller determines the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising on path to be detected, and It is used for identifying the path label in described path to be detected for described path allocation to be detected.

Wherein, the corresponding exchanger information of switch, can be switch Internet protocol (English: Internet protocol, referred to as: ip) address and medium education (English: medium access control, Referred to as: mac) address or the name of switch or character etc., such as s1 described in energy unique mark, Or one section of hexadecimal character string etc..Described path label can be can path to be detected described in unique mark Name or character etc., for example, it is possible to the road by this paths of switch 1 → switch, 2 → switch 3 Footpath tag definition is p1.

As shown in figure 3, after switch s1～s7 is connected on controller by openflow agreement, controlling Device can collect the port information of each switch (as which end each switch passes through by openflow agreement Mouthful be connected with next switch) and overall network topological structure.If controller needs to detect s1 and s7 Between path whether fault, can according to the topological structure of network using related algorithm, such as open Short path preferential (English: open shortest path first, referred to as: ospf) algorithm, is carried out from s1 To all reachable paths of s7 screening it is assumed that the information of each switch that comprises of the reachable path that screens such as Under:

Path 1:s1 → s2 → s4 → s5 → s7；

Path 2:s1 → s3 → s4 → s6 → s7；

Then controller can distribute unique path label p1 for path 1, is that unique path label is distributed in path 2 p2.

Step 202: described controller according to determine respective switch information, respectively to described road to be detected Respective switch on footpath issues flow table item, and described flow table item comprises described path label, is used for mating fault Follow the trail of the matching domain of message and when fault trace message is mated with matching domain, described path is marked for instruction Sign the action domain offering described controller.

Optionally, described controller can issue the first flow table to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected , the matching domain of described first flow table item includes the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and terminates exchanging The exchanger information of machine, the action domain of described first flow table item includes described path label, and described path is marked Sealing is contained in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, will be packaged with the fault of described path label Follow the trail of message and the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine is sent on described path to be detected Instruction, and the finger fault trace message being packaged with described path label being reported described controller Show.

And, described controller can on described path to be detected remove initial exchange machine and terminate switch it Each outer intermediary switch issues the second flow table item, and the matching domain of described second flow table item includes described path Label, the action domain of described second flow table item is included on the fault trace message being packaged with described path label Offer the instruction of described controller, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to The instruction of the next switch being connected with described intermediary switch on described path to be detected.

And, described controller can issue the 3rd flow table to the termination switch on described path to be detected , the matching domain of described 3rd flow table item includes described path label, the action domain bag of described 3rd flow table item Include the instruction that the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described controller.

Wherein, described fault trace message is described controller according to the initial exchange on described path to be detected The exchanger information construction of machine and termination switch, and by described controller after step 202, pass through The send-packet message of openflow agreement is handed down to described initial exchange machine, in order to described initial friendship Change planes fault trace message transmissions by described path to be detected to described termination switch.

The embodiment of the present invention employs the mode adding mpls label in the heading of fault trace message, So it is transferred to the whole repeating process terminating switch from initial exchange machine in fault trace message, only exist Initial exchange machine needs to analyze the ip heading of fault trace message, except initial exchange machine and termination switch Outside each intermediary switch can carry out message forwarding according only to the mpls label of fault trace message, from And saved the process time to fault trace message, improve the forward efficiency of fault trace message.

Optionally, what the action domain of described first flow table item included is encapsulated in fault by described path label and chases after Instruction in the mpls label of track message, can have following two indicating modes:

The first indicating mode:

The action domain of described first flow table item is included the friendship on described path label and described path to be detected Change planes corresponding switch label, be encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message together.

Wherein, described switch label is being connected on controller by openflow agreement for each switch Afterwards, each switch distributed to by controller.If switch supports the process to multilayer labels message, controller Can indicate that the switch label of the switch on path to be detected is become by switch with corresponding path label To in the mpls label being encapsulated in fault trace message.

For example, in figure 3, controller is handed down to the flow table item of each switch on path p1 and path p2 Can be as shown in table 1 below:

Table 1 flow table item example

In table 1, l1～l7 characterizes switch s1～s7 corresponding switch label respectively.Below with s1, As a example s2, the implication of the flow table item shown in table 1 is explained as follows:

In table 1, the matching domain " dl_src=s1, dl_dst=s7 " of the flow table item of s1, represent matched report The source ip address of literary composition and source mac address are the ip address of s1 and mac address, purpose ip address and mesh Mac address be the ip address of s7 and mac address." table in the action domain of the flow table item of s1 0, push_mpls:l7, p1, l7, p1, l5, p1, l4, p1, output:controller, output:1 " instructs, and represents In table 0, in the heading of the message mating with matching domain, add mpls label, by l7, p1, L7, p1, l5, p1, l4, p1 are pressed in mpls label successively, then will with the addition of mpls label Message report controller, and by this message from the port 1 of s1 be dealt into next switch s2 (control Device processed knows that s1 passes through port 1 and connects s2 in advance)；“push_mpls:l7,p2,l7,p2,l6,p2,l4,p2, Output:controller, output:2 " instructs, and represents l7, p2, l7, p2, l6, p2, l4, p2 Successively press-in message mpls label in, then this message is reported controller, and by this message from The port 2 of s1 is dealt into next switch s3.Wherein, mpls label is a kind of stack, defers to after first entering The order going out.

It should be noted that " table 0, push_mpls:l7, p1, l7, p1, l5, p1, l4, p1, output: Multiple " pop_mpls " instruction can also be included after controller, output:1 " instruction, be used for will be pressed into this The switch label of the corresponding p1 in the mpls label of message and path label are deleted, and then pass through again " push_mpls:l7, p2, l7, p2, l6, p2, l4, p2, output:controller, output:2 " instruction will correspond to The switch label of p2 and path label are pressed in the mpls label of message.

In table 1, the matching domain " mpls=p1 " of the flow table item of s2, represent the mpls of matched message Label (i.e. outermost layer label of mpls label) is p1." table in the action domain of the flow table item of s2 0, output:controller, pop_mpls, goto:table1 " instructs, and represents in table 0, will be with matching domain The message of coupling passes through the packet-in information reporting of openflow agreement to controller, then ejects outer layer Mpls label (i.e. p1), and the message after processing is gone to table 1 and continues with；“table 1, mpls=l4, pop_mpls, output:1 ", represents in table 1, deletes the report that mpls label is l4 The mpls label (i.e. l4) of civilian outer layer, and the message after processing is dealt into from the port 1 of switch s2 Next switch s4.

Second indicating mode:

For example, in figure 3, controller is handed down to the flow table item of each switch on path p1 and path p2 Can also be as shown in table 2 below:

Table 2 flow table item example

Below, the implication of the flow table item shown in table 2 is explained as follows taking s1, s2 as a example:

In table 2, the matching domain " dl_src=s1, dl_dst=s7 " of the flow table item of s1, represent matched report The source ip address of literary composition and source mac address are the ip address of s1 and mac address, purpose ip address and mesh Mac address be the ip address of s7 and mac address." table in the action domain of the flow table item of s1 0, push_mpls:p1, output:controller, output:1 " instruct, represent in table 0, with this Join in the heading of message of domain coupling and add mpls label, and p1 is pressed in mpls label, so Afterwards the message that with the addition of mpls label is reported controller, and by this message from the port of s1 1 To next switch s2；" pop_mpls, push_mpls:p2, output:controller, output:2 " instructs, Represent and the p1 being pressed into mpls label in this message is deleted, and p2 is pressed into the mpls mark of this message Sign, then this message is reported controller, and this message is dealt into next friendship from the port 2 of s1 Change planes s2.

In table 2, the matching domain " mpls=p1 " of the flow table item of s2, represent the mpls of matched message Label is p1." table 0, output:controller, output:1 " instruction in the action domain of the flow table item of s2, Represent the packet-in message message being mated with matching domain being passed through openflow agreement in table0 Report controller, then this message is dealt into next switch s4 from the port 1 of switch s2.

Second indicating mode is applied to the switch not supporting to process multilayer labels message.

It should be noted that controller is when indicating that each switch reports described path label, except making each friendship Change planes directly report using path label as outside the fault trace message of mpls label it is also possible to make each friendship Change planes and directly report described path label.

Knowable to Tables 1 and 2, what s1 issued by controller is a fault trace message, but s1 can basis The exchanger information that two paths that it is located comprise, carries out different encapsulation to this fault trace message, enters And produce two fault trace messages for follow-up path detection.Therefore, in the embodiment of the present invention, control Device only need to issue the detection that a fault trace message can complete at least one paths.

Step 203: the switch that described controller receives on described path to be detected flows through itself in process The described path label reporting during fault trace message, according to the flow table item receiving, and the described road that will receive The storage corresponding with the exchanger information of the switch reporting described path label of footpath label.

Wherein, only normally receive the switch of fault trace message, just can be according in the instruction of flow table item Report path label is to controller.For example, in figure 3, if the forward-path between switch s1 and s2 just Often, after s2 receives the fault trace message of s1 transmission, just path label p1 is disappeared by packet-in Breath reports controller, and controller knows that from packet-in message the sender of this message is s2, and then Can determine the forward-path normal work between s1 and s2.If the forward-path fault between s1 and s2, Follow-up switch, all will not receive fault trace message including s2, s4, s5 and s7, also would not Path label p1 is reported controller.

Due in addition to the flow table for forwarding fault trace message, also existing on each switch for turning The other flow tables sending out message common, the embodiment of the present invention by using path label as being used for forwarding fault trace The mpls label of the matching domain of message flow table and fault trace message, on the one hand can avoid on switch The impact of existing flow table, on the other hand can avoid the interference to common message.Additionally, passing through path label Distinguish fault trace message, it is to avoid the interference between fault trace message is so that controller can be visited simultaneously Survey a plurality of forward-path.

In practical application, described controller can arrange an overtime duration, and such as 30 seconds, controller was permissible Start timer after issuing fault trace message, the path mark that desampler reports in this overtime duration Sign, exceed this overtime duration then execution step 204.

Step 204: described controller by store the exchanger information corresponding to described path label and determination Respective switch information compare；If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, Otherwise determine to break down in described path to be detected.

For example, in figure 3, if the whole switches on the p1 of path all send packet-in message to control Device, then the actual forward-path of the fault trace message of controller record be:

P1:s1 → s2 → s4 → s5 → s7；

This exchange that should be included in theory according to the p1 that network topology structure and related algorithm determine in advance with controller The exchanger information of machine is completely the same, and therefore controller can determine that p1 is normal, thus also demonstrates p1's Chain of command and the concordance of forwarding surface.

Again for example, in figure 3, if controller does not receive the packet-in that the switch s7 on the p2 of path reports Message, then the actual forward-path of the fault trace message that controller is recorded is:

P2:s1 → s3 → s4 → s6；

The exchanger information of the switch that should be included in theory due to the pre-determined p2 of this and controller is inconsistent, Therefore controller can determine p2 fault, and this fault occurs to send packet-in message at last Switch and the next switch being connected with this switch between, that is, between s6 and s7, this also illustrates The chain of command of p2 is with forwarding surface inconsistent.

Optionally, in order to ensure to save the memory space of each switch, after path tracing terminates, controller The flow table item issuing in advance for detective path whether fault can also be reclaimed, can combine during recovery Following two ways of recycling, it would however also be possible to employ any one way of recycling therein:

The first way of recycling:

Second way of recycling:

A length of t1 when described controller arranges the survival of described flow table item, indicates on described path to be detected Respective switch deletes described flow table item through t1 duration after receiving described flow table item.Or, described Controller arrange described flow table item survival when a length of t2, indicate described path to be detected on each Switch deletes described flow table item through t2 duration after receiving described tracking message.

Refering to shown in Fig. 4, another embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of exchanger side and determines path failure Method, its flow process is as follows:

Step 401: switch receives the flow table item that controller issues；Described switch determines for controller Any one switch on path to be detected, described flow table item comprises described controller and divides for path to be detected The path label joined, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction fault trace message with During matching domain coupling, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described flow table item The matching domain exchanger information that includes initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and terminate switch, institute The action domain stating flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to and treats described The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine on detective path, and will be packaged with described The fault trace message of path label reports the instruction of described controller.

Wherein, what the action domain of described flow table item included is encapsulated in fault trace message by described path label Mpls label in instruction, can be by the switch on described path label and described path to be detected Corresponding switch label, is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, specifically together Flow table item example may refer to the corresponding flow table item of switch s1 in table 1.Or, can be by described road Footpath label is individually encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, and specific flow table item example can With referring to the corresponding flow table item of switch s1 in table 2.

If described switch be on described path to be detected except initial exchange machine and terminate switch in addition in Between switch when, then the matching domain of described flow table item includes described path label, the action domain of described flow table item Including the instruction that the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described controller, and will Be packaged with described path label fault trace message be sent on described path to be detected with described centre The instruction of the next switch that switch is connected, specific flow table item example may refer in table 1 or table 2 Switch s2～corresponding the flow table item of s6.

If described switch is the termination switch on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including described path label, the action domain of described flow table item includes chasing after the fault being packaged with described path label Track message reports the instruction of described controller, and specific flow table item example may refer to hand in table 1 or table 2 The corresponding flow table item of the s7 that changes planes.

Step 402: described switch when receiving fault trace message, according to described fault trace message The result whether mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, it is determined whether according to the action domain of described flow table item Described path label is reported described controller by instruction.

Wherein, described fault trace message is described controller according to the initial exchange on described path to be detected The exchanger information construction of machine and termination switch, for detecting the transmission state in described path to be detected.

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described switch receives fault Follow the trail of message, then what described switch received is the fault trace message that described controller sends.For example, In figure 3, on the p1 of path, s1 is initial exchange machine, and what s1 received is the fault that controller sends Follow the trail of message.

If described switch be the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on described path to be detected or Terminate switch, then what described switch received is to be connected with described switch on described path to be detected The fault trace message that sends of upper switch.For example, in figure 3, on the p1 of path, s2 is Intermediary switch on path to be detected, what s2 received is the fault trace message that s1 forwards, and s7 is eventually Only switch, what s7 received is the fault trace message that s5 forwards.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described switch By relatively the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip address, source mac Address and purpose mac address and the matching domain of described flow table item, to determine whether the two mates；

If described switch is the intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine or end on described path to be detected Only switch, then described switch is by the mpls label in relatively described fault trace message and described stream The matching domain of list item, to determine the two coupling.

Optionally, described switch is determining whether to report the exchanger information of itself and described path label After described controller, described flow table item can also be deleted according to the instruction of described controller；Or, can With the survival duration t1 arranging in described flow table item according to described controller, receiving described flow table item Delete described flow table item through t1 duration afterwards；Or, can be according to described controller in described flow table item The survival duration t2 of setting, deletes described flow table through t2 duration after receiving described fault trace message ?.

Refering to shown in Fig. 5, embodiments providing a kind of controller, it is used for realizing Fig. 2 institute of the present invention A kind of method of the determination path failure showing, described controller includes:

Allocation unit 501, for the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising is determined on path to be detected, And it is used for identifying the path label in described path to be detected for described path allocation to be detected.

Transmitting element 502, for according to the respective switch information determining, respectively to described path to be detected On respective switch issue flow table item, described flow table item comprises described path label, is used for mating fault and chases after The matching domain of track message and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain by described path label Report the action domain of described controller.

Receiving unit 503, is processing, for receiving the switch on described path to be detected, the event flowing through itself The described path label reporting when barrier follows the trail of message, according to the flow table item receiving.

Memory element 504, for will receive described path label and the switch reporting described path label The corresponding storage of exchanger information.

Comparing unit 505, for the exchanger information corresponding to described path label and the determination that will store Respective switch information is compared；If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, no Then determine to break down in described path to be detected.

Optionally, described transmitting element 502 is specifically for initial exchange machine on described path to be detected Issue the first flow table item, the matching domain of described first flow table item includes the initial exchange on described path to be detected Machine and the exchanger information terminating switch, the action domain of described first flow table item includes described path label, Described path label is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, described road will be packaged with The fault trace message of footpath label is sent to and is connected with described initial exchange machine on described path to be detected The instruction of next switch, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described The instruction of controller；And, on described path to be detected in addition to initial exchange machine and termination switch Each intermediary switch issues the second flow table item, and the matching domain of described second flow table item includes described path mark Sign, the action domain of described second flow table item includes reporting the fault trace message being packaged with described path label To the instruction of described controller, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent in institute The instruction of the next switch being connected with described intermediary switch is stated on path to be detected；And, to described Termination switch on path to be detected issues the 3rd flow table item, and the matching domain of described 3rd flow table item includes institute State path label, the action domain of described 3rd flow table item includes to be packaged with the fault trace of described path label Message reports the instruction of described controller.

Optionally, what the action domain of described first flow table item included is encapsulated in fault trace by described path label Instruction in the mpls label of message, can be by the friendship on described path label and described path to be detected Change planes corresponding switch label, be encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message together；Or Person or described path label is individually encapsulated in the finger in the mpls label of fault trace message Show.

Optionally, described fault trace message is described controller according to the initial friendship on described path to be detected Change planes and terminate the exchanger information construction of switch, and described initial exchange is handed down to by described controller Fault trace message transmissions are given described end in order to described initial exchange machine by described path to be detected by machine Only switch.

Optionally, the exchanger information corresponding to described path label that will store in described comparing unit 505 After comparing with the respective switch information determining, described transmitting element 502 is additionally operable to: treats to described Respective switch on detective path sends the instruction deleting described flow table item for instruction.

Optionally, described controller can also include:

Arranging unit 506, in described transmitting element 502 respectively to each on described path to be detected Before switch issues flow table item, a length of t1 during the survival of the described flow table item of setting, instruction is described to be detected Respective switch on path deletes described flow table item through t1 duration after receiving described flow table item；Or, Arrange described flow table item survival when a length of t2, indicate described path to be detected on respective switch Delete described flow table item through t2 duration after receiving described tracking message.

Refering to shown in Fig. 6, embodiments providing a kind of switch, it is used for realizing Fig. 4 institute of the present invention A kind of method of the determination path failure showing, appointing on the path to be detected that described switch determines for controller One switch of meaning, described switch includes:

Receiving unit 601, for receiving the flow table item that controller issues；Described flow table item comprises described control Device is the path label of path allocation to be detected, is used for mating the matching domain of fault trace message and being used for indicating When fault trace message is mated, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller with matching domain.

Determining unit 602, for when described receiving unit 601 receives fault trace message, according to institute State the result whether fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, it is determined whether according to described stream Described path label is reported described controller by the instruction in the action domain of list item.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described flow table item The matching domain exchanger information that includes initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and terminate switch, institute The action domain stating flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in mpls label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to and treats described The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine on detective path, and will be packaged with described The fault trace message of path label reports the instruction of described controller.If described switch is waited to visit for described Survey path on except initial exchange machine and terminate switch in addition to intermediary switch when, then described flow table item Join domain and include described path label, the action domain of described flow table item includes being packaged with the event of described path label Barrier follows the trail of the instruction that message reports described controller, and will be packaged with the fault trace of described path label Message is sent to the finger of the next switch being connected on described path to be detected with described intermediary switch Show.If described switch is the termination switch on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including described path label, the action domain of described flow table item includes to be packaged with described path label for instruction Fault trace message report the instruction of described controller.

Optionally, what the action domain of described flow table item included is encapsulated in fault trace message by described path label Mpls label in instruction, can be by the switch on described path label and described path to be detected Corresponding switch label, is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message together；Or, It can also be the instruction described path label being individually encapsulated in the mpls label of fault trace message.

Optionally, described fault trace message is described controller according to the initial friendship on described path to be detected Change planes and terminate the exchanger information construction of switch, for detecting the transmission shape in described path to be detected State.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described reception is single Unit 601 reception is the fault trace message that described controller sends.If described switch is described to be detected The intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on path or termination switch, then described receiving unit 601 Receive is the fault that the upper switch being connected with described switch on described path to be detected is sent Follow the trail of message.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described determination is single Unit 602 is by the source internet protocol ip address of the described fault trace message of determination, purpose ip address, source Whether mac address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, to determine described fault Follow the trail of whether message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item.If described switch is on described path to be detected Intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine or termination switch, then described determining unit 602 is by determining Whether the mpls label in described fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, to determine institute State whether fault trace message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item.

Optionally, described switch can also include:

Delete unit 603, for determining whether the exchanger information of itself in described determining unit 602 and After described path label reports described controller, described flow table is deleted in the instruction according to described controller ?；Or, the survival duration t1 arranging in described flow table item according to described controller, receive list described Described flow table item is deleted through t1 duration after receiving described flow table item by unit 601；Or, according to described control The survival duration t2 that device is arranged in described flow table item, receives described fault in described receiving unit 601 Described flow table item is deleted through t2 duration after following the trail of message.

Refering to shown in Fig. 7, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of controller, and described controller includes:

Processor 701, for the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising is determined on path to be detected, and It is used for identifying the path label in described path to be detected for described path allocation to be detected.

Transceiver 702, for according to the respective switch information determining, respectively on described path to be detected Respective switch issue flow table item, described flow table item comprises described path label, is used for mating fault trace The matching domain of message and for instruction when fault trace message is mated with matching domain by described path label Offer the action domain of described controller；And the switch receiving on described path to be detected flows through certainly in process The described path label reporting during the fault trace message of body, according to the flow table item receiving.

Memorizer 703, for described path label that described transceiver 702 is received with report described path The corresponding storage of the exchanger information of the switch of label.

Described processor 701 is additionally operable to, by described memorizer 703 store corresponding to described path label Exchanger information is compared with the respective switch information determining；If comparison result consistent it is determined that described Path to be detected is normal, otherwise determines to break down in described path to be detected.

Optionally, described transceiver 702 specifically for: under the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected Send out the first flow table item, the matching domain of described first flow table item includes the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected With the exchanger information terminating switch, the action domain of described first flow table item includes described path label, incites somebody to action Described path label is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, will be packaged with described path The fault trace message of label is sent under being connected with described initial exchange machine on described path to be detected The instruction of one switch, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described control The instruction of device processed；And, every in addition to initial exchange machine and termination switch on described path to be detected Individual intermediary switch issues the second flow table item, and the matching domain of described second flow table item includes described path label, The action domain of described second flow table item includes reporting the fault trace message being packaged with described path label The instruction of described controller, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to described The instruction of the next switch being connected with described intermediary switch on path to be detected；And, treat to described Termination switch on detective path issues the 3rd flow table item, and the matching domain of described 3rd flow table item includes described Path label, the action domain of described 3rd flow table item includes being packaged with the fault trace report of described path label Literary composition reports the instruction of described controller.

Optionally, described processor 701 by store the exchanger information corresponding to described path label with After the respective switch information determining is compared, described transceiver 702 is additionally operable to: to described to be detected Respective switch on path sends the instruction deleting described flow table item for instruction.

Optionally, described processor 701 is additionally operable to, in described transceiver 702 respectively to described road to be detected Before respective switch on footpath issues flow table item, a length of t1 during the survival of the described flow table item of setting, instruction Respective switch on described path to be detected is deleted described after receiving described flow table item through t1 duration Flow table item；Or, a length of t2 when arranging the survival of described flow table item, indicate on described path to be detected Respective switch receive described tracking message after through t2 duration delete described flow table item.

Further, described memorizer 703 can also be stored with described processor 701 or described transceiver 702 Required journey logic bomb during operation.

Refering to shown in Fig. 8, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of switch, and described switch is controller Any one switch on path to be detected determining, described switch includes:

Transceiver 801, for receiving the flow table item that controller issues；Described flow table item comprises described controller For the path label of path allocation to be detected, it is used for mating the matching domain of fault trace message and being used for instruction existing When fault trace message is mated, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller with matching domain.

Processor 802, for when described transceiver 801 receives fault trace message, according to described event Barrier follows the trail of the result whether message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, it is determined whether according to described flow table item Action domain instruction, indicate described transceiver 801 described path label is reported described controller.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described transceiver 801 receptions are the fault trace messages that described controller sends.If described switch is described road to be detected The intermediary switch in addition to initial exchange machine on footpath or terminate switch, then described transceiver 801 receives Be the fault trace that the upper switch being connected with described switch on described path to be detected is sent Message.

Optionally, if described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described processor 802 by the source internet protocol ip address of the described fault trace message of determination, purpose ip address, source mac Whether address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, to determine described fault trace Whether message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item.If described switch is to remove on described path to be detected Intermediary switch outside beginning switch or termination switch, then described processor 802 is by determining described event Whether the mpls label that barrier is followed the trail of in message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item, to determine described fault Follow the trail of whether message is mated with the matching domain of described flow table item.

Optionally, described processor 802 is additionally operable to, and is determining whether the exchanger information of itself and described After path label reports described controller, described flow table item is deleted in the instruction according to described controller；Or, The survival duration t1 being arranged in described flow table item according to described controller, receives in described transceiver 801 Delete described flow table item through t1 duration to after described flow table item；Or, according to described controller in described stream The survival duration t2 of setting, warp after described transceiver 801 receives described fault trace message in list item Cross t2 duration and delete described flow table item.

Further, described switch generally may also include for described transceiver 801 or described processor The memorizer 803 that 802 required journey logic bombs when running etc. are stored.

Additionally, the embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of system determining path failure, this system includes:

Controller, for determining the exchanger information of the respective switch comprising on path to be detected, and for institute State path allocation to be detected for identifying the path label in described path to be detected；According to each exchange determining Machine information, issues flow table item to the respective switch on described path to be detected, described flow table item comprises respectively Described path label, for mate fault trace message matching domain and for instruction fault trace message with During matching domain coupling, described path label is reported the action domain of described controller；Receive described road to be detected The institute that switch on footpath reports when processing the fault trace message flowing through itself, according to the flow table item receiving State path label, and the switch by the described path label receiving and the switch reporting described path label The corresponding storage of information；By the exchanger information corresponding to described path label of storage and each exchange determining Machine information is compared；If comparison result is consistent it is determined that described path to be detected is normal, otherwise determine institute State path to be detected to break down.

In sum, using technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention, controller passes through a fault trace Message just can complete the detection at least one path, drastically increases the efficiency of path detection；And By using path label as fault trace message mpls label, to identify different paths, on the one hand The impact to flow table existing on switch can be avoided, on the other hand can also avoid different fault trace reports Interference between literary composition is so that controller can detect a plurality of forward-path simultaneously.

Those skilled in the art are it should be appreciated that embodiments of the invention can be provided as method, system or meter Calculation machine program product.Therefore, the present invention can be using complete hardware embodiment, complete software embodiment or knot Close the form of the embodiment of software and hardware aspect.And, the present invention can adopt and wherein wrap one or more Computer-usable storage medium containing computer usable program code (including but not limited to disk memory, Cd-rom, optical memory etc.) the upper computer program implemented form.

The present invention is to produce with reference to method according to embodiments of the present invention, equipment (system) and computer program The flow chart of product and/or block diagram are describing.It should be understood that can by computer program instructions flowchart and / or block diagram in each flow process and/or the flow process in square frame and flow chart and/or block diagram and/ Or the combination of square frame.These computer program instructions can be provided to general purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embed The processor of formula datatron or other programmable data processing device is to produce a machine so that passing through to calculate The instruction of the computing device of machine or other programmable data processing device produces for realizing in flow chart one The device of the function of specifying in individual flow process or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.

These computer program instructions may be alternatively stored in and computer or other programmable datas can be guided to process and set So that being stored in this computer-readable memory in the standby computer-readable memory working in a specific way Instruction produce and include the manufacture of command device, the realization of this command device is in one flow process or multiple of flow chart The function of specifying in flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.

These computer program instructions also can be loaded in computer or other programmable data processing device, makes Obtain and series of operation steps is executed on computer or other programmable devices to produce computer implemented place Reason, thus the instruction of execution is provided for realizing in flow chart one on computer or other programmable devices The step of the function of specifying in flow process or multiple flow process and/or one square frame of block diagram or multiple square frame.

Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, but those skilled in the art once know Basic creative concept, then can make other change and modification to these embodiments.So, appended right Require to be intended to be construed to including preferred embodiment and fall into being had altered and changing of the scope of the invention.

Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not take off to the embodiment of the present invention Spirit and scope from the embodiment of the present invention.So, if these modifications of the embodiment of the present invention and modification belong to Within the scope of the claims in the present invention and its equivalent technologies, then the present invention be also intended to comprise these change and Including modification.

Claims

1. a kind of method determining path failure is it is characterised in that include:

2. the method for claim 1 is it is characterised in that described controller is waited to visit to described respectively The respective switch surveyed on path issues flow table item, comprising:

Described controller issues the first flow table item to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, and described first The matching domain of flow table item includes initial exchange machine and the switch terminating switch on described path to be detected Information, the action domain of described first flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in event Barrier follows the trail of the instruction in the multiprotocol label switching mpls label of message, will be packaged with described path label Fault trace message is sent to the next friendship being connected on described path to be detected with described initial exchange machine The instruction changed planes, and the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported described controller Instruction；

3. method as claimed in claim 2 is it is characterised in that the action domain of described first flow table item is wrapped Include the instruction described path label being encapsulated in the mpls label of fault trace message, comprising:

4. the method as any one of claim 1-3 is it is characterised in that described fault trace report Literary composition is the switch according to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch for the described controller Information structuring, and described initial exchange machine is handed down to by described controller, in order to described initial exchange machine By described path to be detected, fault trace message transmissions are given described termination switch.

5. the method as any one of claim 1-4 will be it is characterised in that described controller will be deposited The exchanger information corresponding to described path label of storage compares it with the respective switch information determining Afterwards, methods described also includes:

6. the method as any one of claim 1-4 is it is characterised in that described controller is distinguished Before issuing flow table item to the respective switch on described path to be detected, also include:

7. a kind of method determining path failure is it is characterised in that include:

Switch receives the flow table item that controller issues；

8. method as claimed in claim 7 is it is characterised in that also include:

If described switch is the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, the matching domain of described flow table item Including the exchanger information of the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch, described flow table item Action domain include described path label, described path label is encapsulated in the multi-protocols mark of fault trace message Sign the instruction exchanging in mpls label, the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is sent to The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, and will encapsulate The fault trace message having described path label reports the instruction of described controller；

9. method as claimed in claim 8 it is characterised in that the action domain of described flow table item include by Described path label is encapsulated in the instruction in the mpls label of fault trace message, comprising:

10. method as claimed in any one of claims 7-9 is it is characterised in that described fault trace report Literary composition is for described controller according to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and the switch terminating switch Information structuring, for detecting the transmission state in described path to be detected.

11. methods as claimed in claim 10 are it is characterised in that also include:

12. methods as any one of claim 7-11 are it is characterised in that also include:

Described switch determine the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip address, Whether source medium education mac address and purpose mac address are mated with the matching domain of described flow table item；

13. methods as any one of claim 7-11 are it is characterised in that methods described also includes:

A kind of 14. controllers are it is characterised in that include:

15. controllers as claimed in claim 14 it is characterised in that described transmitting element specifically for:

Issue the first flow table item to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected, described first flow table item The exchanger information joined the initial exchange machine that domain includes on described path to be detected and terminate switch, described the The action domain of one flow table item includes described path label, and described path label is encapsulated in fault trace message Instruction in multiprotocol label switching mpls label, will be packaged with the fault trace message of described path label The instruction of the next switch being connected with described initial exchange machine is sent on described path to be detected, with And the fault trace message being packaged with described path label is reported the instruction of described controller；

16. controllers as claimed in claim 15 are it is characterised in that the action of described first flow table item Domain includes the instruction being encapsulated in described path label in the mpls label of fault trace message, comprising:

17. controllers as any one of claim 14-16 are it is characterised in that described fault chases after Track message is the friendship according to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch for the described controller Change planes information structuring, and described initial exchange machine is handed down to by described controller, in order to described initial friendship Change planes fault trace message transmissions by described path to be detected to described termination switch.

18. controllers as any one of claim 14-17 are it is characterised in that in described comparison The exchanger information corresponding to described path label storing is entered by unit with the respective switch information determining After row compares, described transmitting element is additionally operable to:

19. controllers as any one of claim 14-18 are it is characterised in that described controller Also include:

A kind of 20. switches are it is characterised in that on the path to be detected that determines for controller of described switch Any one switch, described switch includes:

21. switches as claimed in claim 20 are it is characterised in that also include:

22. switches as claimed in claim 21 are it is characterised in that the action domain of described flow table item is wrapped Include the instruction described path label being encapsulated in the mpls label of fault trace message, comprising:

23. switches as any one of claim 20-22 are it is characterised in that described fault chases after Track message is the friendship according to the initial exchange machine on described path to be detected and termination switch for the described controller Change planes information structuring, for detecting the transmission state in described path to be detected.

24. switches as claimed in claim 23 are it is characterised in that also include:

25. switches as any one of claim 20-24 are it is characterised in that also include:

Described determining unit determines the source internet protocol ip address of described fault trace message, purpose ip ground Whether the matching domain of location, source medium education mac address and purpose mac address and described flow table item Coupling；

26. switches as any one of claim 20-24 are it is characterised in that described switch Also include:

A kind of 27. systems determining path failure are it is characterised in that include: