CN106374835B - A kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit and control method - Google Patents
A kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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- CN106374835B CN106374835B CN201610896223.XA CN201610896223A CN106374835B CN 106374835 B CN106374835 B CN 106374835B CN 201610896223 A CN201610896223 A CN 201610896223A CN 106374835 B CN106374835 B CN 106374835B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/02—Details
- H03B5/04—Modifications of generator to compensate for variations in physical values, e.g. power supply, load, temperature
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
- H03B—GENERATION OF OSCILLATIONS, DIRECTLY OR BY FREQUENCY-CHANGING, BY CIRCUITS EMPLOYING ACTIVE ELEMENTS WHICH OPERATE IN A NON-SWITCHING MANNER; GENERATION OF NOISE BY SUCH CIRCUITS
- H03B5/00—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input
- H03B5/08—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance
- H03B5/12—Generation of oscillations using amplifier with regenerative feedback from output to input with frequency-determining element comprising lumped inductance and capacitance active element in amplifier being semiconductor device
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Abstract
This application discloses a kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit and control method, the circuit includes the second triode, first resistor comprising the first triode, excitation variable winding, the constant-current source；First triode is high-power RF NPN triode, is used for starting of oscillation；Second triode is PNP triode, is used for current stabilization；The first resistor is connected between the emitter and DC voltage source of the PNP triode, is also attached between the collector of the NPN triode and the DC voltage source.The control method is, if ionization source does not shine, so that the high-power value work of excitation variable winding is made ionization source stimulated luminescence to the switching circuit input high level signal；If ionization source shines, make the work of excitation variable winding small-power value that ionization source be made to keep luminance to the switching circuit input low level signal.The present invention can improve oscillatory stability under relatively high power state, improve ionization stability.
Description
Technical field
This application involves radio circuit and testing field more particularly to a kind of constant current ionization excitation electricity for atomic clock
Road, control method.
Background technique
Ionization source (or spectrum lamp) is the critical component of many atomic clocks, these spectrum lamps or ionization source are usually a glass
Glass bubble, internal to be excited filled with alkali metal, buffer gas or injection hydrogen, then by the radiofrequency signal of a relatively high power, function
Buffer gas in glass envelope is ionized and is shone from several W to tens W by rate, spectral line needed for issuing, or excites internal alkali metal in turn
Spectral line needed for issuing.Such as rubidium clock, mercury ion clock need a spectrum lamp come spectrum needed for emitting atomic transition, hydrogen clock then needs
Hydrogen to be ionized in a glass envelope, form an ionization source, then aerial drainage enters microwave cavity.Ionization source (or light
Spectrum lamp) ionization stability seriously affect atomic clock performance, cause to fail when serious.Ionizing energizing circuit is usually three poles
Pipe oscillator, hunting power are easy to be influenced by factors such as environment temperature, supply voltages, and then influence ionization stability.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes that a kind of constant current ionizes energizing circuit and control method, achievees the purpose that improve ionization stability.
The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit, includes oscillator and constant-current source, the oscillator is
Radio-frequency oscillator includes the first triode, excitation variable winding, and first triode is high-power RF NPN triode, is used for
Vibration；The excitation variable winding is used to carry out ionization source excitation to shine；The constant-current source includes the second triode, first resistor；Institute
Stating the second triode is PNP triode, is used for current stabilization, and the first resistor is connected to the emitter of the PNP triode and straight
Between galvanic electricity potential source；The first resistor is also attached between the collector of the NPN triode and the DC voltage source.Institute
It states constant-current source and provides operating current for the oscillator, be better than the exciting power of the oscillator greater than 5W, oscillatory stability
2%.
Preferably, the oscillator is capacitance connecting three point type oscillator；The oscillator also includes the 5th capacitor, base stage electricity
Resistance, the first isolation inductance, the 6th capacitor, the 7th capacitor；5th capacitor is tunable capacitor, for adjusting frequency of oscillation, institute
Stating surge frequency range is 10MHz~200MHz；The collector and emitter of triode described in 6th capacitance connection；It is described
Base resistance one end connects the base stage of the triode, and the other end is oscillator common end；The excitation variable winding and the described 5th
After capacitor series connection, the collector of a termination triode, another termination oscillator common end；7th capacitance connection
The emitter of the triode and the oscillator common end；First isolation inductance one end connects the transmitting of the triode
Pole, one end ground connection.
Preferably, the oscillator includes the second capacitor；Second capacitor one end connect the triode collector,
One end ground connection.
As the embodiment that the present invention optimizes, the constant-current source also includes second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance；Institute
State the base stage that second resistance one terminates the DC voltage source, another termination second triode；Described 3rd resistor one end
Ground connection, the base stage of another termination second triode；The collection of the emitter of second triode and first triode
Electrode connection；4th resistance one terminates the collector of second triode, and the other end passes through the second isolation inductance connection
To the oscillator common end.
Preferably, the constant-current source includes at least one of first capacitor, the second capacitor, third capacitor, the 4th capacitor；
The first capacitor one terminates the DC voltage source, other end ground connection；Second capacitor one terminates second triode
Emitter, the other end ground connection；The third capacitor one terminates the base stage of second triode, other end ground connection；Described
Four capacitors one terminate the collector of second triode, other end ground connection.
It also include switching circuit in the embodiment that the present invention advanced optimizes；The switching circuit includes the three or three pole
Pipe, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance；The third transistor is NPN triode；5th resistance one terminates institute
State base stage, another termination switching signal of third transistor；6th resistance one terminates the base stage, another of the third transistor
One end ground connection；7th resistance one terminates the base of the collector of the third transistor, another termination second triode
Pole；The emitter of the third transistor is grounded.
The present invention also provides a kind of constant currents to ionize energizing circuit control method, for described in any one embodiment of the present invention
Constant current ionizes energizing circuit, comprising the following steps:
If ionization source does not shine, the base voltage for reducing the second triode flows through the electric current increasing of first resistor,
Improve pierce circuit power；
Constantly improve pierce circuit power, until the excitation variable winding makes ionization source shine；
If ionization source shines, the base voltage for improving second triode flows through the electric current of first resistor and subtracts
It is small, the power of pierce circuit is reduced, makes excitation variable winding work in normality power.
At least one above-mentioned technical solution that the embodiment of the present application uses can reach following the utility model has the advantages that the present invention is swashing
A constant-current source by transistor for core is added in Power Generation Road, the electric current of pierce circuit can be maintained under relatively high power state
Stablize, the stability of oscillator signal can be effectively improved, to achieve the purpose that improve ionization stability.
Detailed description of the invention
The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application, constitutes part of this application, this Shen
Illustrative embodiments and their description please are not constituted an undue limitation on the present application for explaining the application.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the scheme block diagram that constant current ionizes energizing circuit；
Fig. 2 is bikini capacitor oscillator circuit embodiments；
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the ionization energizing circuit comprising constant-current source circuit；
Fig. 4 is the constant current ionization energizing circuit embodiment for further including switching circuit；
Fig. 5 is the embodiment flow chart of constant current ionization energizing circuit control method；
Fig. 6 is another embodiment flow chart of constant current ionization energizing circuit control method.
Specific embodiment
To keep the purposes, technical schemes and advantages of the application clearer, below in conjunction with the application specific embodiment and
Technical scheme is clearly and completely described in corresponding attached drawing.Obviously, described embodiment is only the application one
Section Example, instead of all the embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the application, those of ordinary skill in the art are not doing
Every other embodiment obtained under the premise of creative work out, shall fall in the protection scope of this application.
Below in conjunction with attached drawing, the technical scheme provided by various embodiments of the present application will be described in detail.
Fig. 1 is the scheme block diagram that constant current ionizes energizing circuit.The present invention relates to relatively low power radio frequency ionization
Energizing circuit is used for the biggish occasion of power, and frequency range is from 10MHz to 200MHz.The embodiment of the present application provides a kind of constant current
Ionize energizing circuit, include oscillator 20 and constant-current source 10, the oscillator be radio-frequency oscillator, comprising the first triode V1,
Excitation variable winding L, first triode are high-power RF NPN triode, are used for starting of oscillation；The excitation variable winding is used for ionization
Source carries out excitation and shines, and the inductance value range of the excitation variable winding is 400nH~1000nH；The constant-current source includes the two or three pole
Pipe V2, first resistor R1；Second triode is PNP triode, is used for current stabilization, and the first resistor is connected to the PNP
Between the emitter and DC voltage source of triode；The first resistor is also attached to collector and the institute of the NPN triode
It states between DC voltage source.
The constant-current source provides operating current I for the oscillator, and the exciting power of the oscillator is made to be greater than 5W, described
The unstability of oscillating circuit: < 2%.The specific features of the constant-current source are: using PNP triode as current stabilization component, output
Electric current is big, to realize the purpose for controlling high-power oscillation tube current.Current sampling resistor (first resistor R1) is connected to the vibration
The collector for swinging device circuit NPN triode facilitates realization current control.
It is exactly unstable in order to solve spectrum lamp exciting power caused by temperature characterisitic for increasing constant-current source to pierce circuit
The problem of.The reason is that: the ionization pierce circuit used in general atomic clock is that self-oscillation signal amplitude is leaned on to determine its work
Make electric current, once temperature change, the Parameters variation of generator triode will cause the variation of oscillation amplitude, and then influence its work
Make electric current, operating current can further influence oscillation amplitude again, as a result can reach a new balance, it is also possible to electric current meeting one
It is straight to increase, until burning or electric current reduces always, final failure of oscillation.After increasing constant-current source, the electric current of pierce circuit is just no longer
It is influenced by oscillation amplitude, therefore stability and safety can be improved.
Fig. 2 is bikini capacitor oscillator circuit embodiments；Specifically, the oscillator is capacitance connecting three point type oscillator；
The oscillator includes the first triode V1, excitation variable winding L, the 5th capacitor C5, base resistance R8, the first isolation inductance L1, the
Six capacitor C6, the 7th capacitor C7.First triode is high-power RF triode, and amplification factor is lower, is, for example, less than
50 or 20~30 times.Generally, first triode is NPN triode.5th capacitor is tunable capacitor, for adjusting
Whole frequency of oscillation, the surge frequency range are 10MHz to 200MHz.The collector of triode described in 6th capacitance connection
And emitter；Described base resistance one end connects the base stage of the triode, and the other end is oscillator common end Com.It is described to swash
After hair line circle and the 5th capacitor series connection, the collector of a termination triode, another termination oscillator common end.
The emitter of triode described in 7th capacitance connection and the oscillator common end；First isolation inductance one end connection
The emitter of the triode, one end ground connection.The effect of the first isolation inductance is every exchange.
In the bikini capacitor oscillator circuit, triode V1 is oscillating tube, the 5th capacitor, the 6th capacitor, the 7th
Capacitor makes circuit starting of oscillation work.The top excitation variable winding L is provided with ionization source (or spectrum lamp).The radio frequency letter that excitation variable winding is coupled
Ionization source or spectrum lamp number is set to shine.Inductance value range 400nH~1000nH of the excitation variable winding, according to frequency of oscillation and institute
The 5th capacitor C5 Combination selection is stated, i.e., the series resonance frequency of the described excitation variable winding and the 5th capacitor is about the oscillation frequency
Rate, the value range of the 5th capacitor are 1pF~5pF.
The value of the base resistance is the Ω of 0 Ω~10.
As the embodiment that pierce circuit advanced optimizes, the oscillator also includes the second capacitor C2；Described second
Capacitor one end connects the collector of the triode, one end ground connection.Second capacitor is a decoupling capacitor.
Fig. 3 is the embodiment of the ionization energizing circuit comprising constant-current source circuit.Specifically, the constant-current source includes the two or three
Pole pipe V2, second resistance R2,3rd resistor R3, the 4th resistance R4.Second triode is PNP triode.Described 2nd 3
The emitter of pole pipe is connect with the collector of first triode.The first resistor one terminates the DC voltage source, separately
The emitter of one termination second triode.The second resistance one terminates DC voltage source VCC, another termination described second
The base stage of triode.3rd resistor one end ground connection, the base stage of another termination second triode.4th resistance one
The collector of second triode is terminated, the other end passes through the second isolation inductance connection to the common end of the oscillator.
It is to be appreciated that the second resistance and the 3rd resistor are that operating point sets resistance, the two or three pole is set
The base voltage V of pipeB。
Also it is to be appreciated that the first resistor R1 is current sampling resistor, voltage will be converted by its electric current.Work as institute
The second triode operation is stated at linear region, emitter base voltage VBEIt keeps constant, passes through the first resistor at this time
Electric current are as follows:
In equation 1, R indicates the value of first resistor.Consisted of two parts by the electric current I of the first resistor, one
It is diverted into first triode, another part flows into second triode, the former is much larger than the latter, so working as VCC and VB
After determination, it is constant for flowing into the electric current of first triode.By to especially sensitive to supply voltage and environment temperature
Capacitance connecting three point type oscillator injects constant current I, and the state of the oscillator is made to keep stablizing, so that it is steady to improve ionization source work
Fixed degree.When circuit start, second triode ON, the first transistor base voltage will be greater than PN junction conducting voltage,
Therefore it is connected, there is larger current to flow through first resistor, the pressure drop in the first resistor increases, the second triode ON electricity
Rheology is small, and the electric current in the final first resistor is stablized in set point.
It should also be noted that, the 4th resistance R4 is divider resistance, the resistance value of the 4th resistance of adjustment can change the
The base voltage of one triode V1, makes the oscillator operation in optimum state.
As the embodiment that constant-current source circuit advanced optimizes, the constant-current source also includes first capacitor C1, the second capacitor
At least one of C2, third capacitor C3, the 4th capacitor C4.The first capacitor one terminates the DC voltage source VCC, another
End ground connection；Second capacitor one terminates the emitter of the second triode V2, other end ground connection；Third capacitor one end
Connect base stage, the other end ground connection of second triode；4th capacitor one terminates the collector, another of second triode
One end ground connection.
It should be pointed out that in an embodiment of the present invention, the pierce circuit and the constant-current source circuit can wrap
Containing second capacitor.The pierce circuit and the constant-current source circuit include second capacitor, i.e. the second capacitor is same
The function of the decoupling of first transistor collector described in Shi Shixian, second transistor emitter decoupling.
It should be noted that the first isolation inductance L1, the second isolation inductance L2, first capacitor C1, third capacitor C3,
With reference to commodity component parameter handbook, select its resonance frequency near the frequency of oscillation.Other component values are according to
Frequency of oscillation and specific triode model characteristic determine.
In previous embodiment, the meaning of " high-power " is exactly to use triode as current control component, can be selected
Control electric current needed for the triode of different capacity carrys out suitable solution oscillating tube, triode can export larger current, thus real
Existing biggish pierce circuit electric current, is realized high-power.Use PNP triode as current stabilization component, output electric current is big, to realize
Control the purpose of high-power oscillation tube current.Current sampling resistor (first resistor R1) is connected to the transmitting of second triode
Pole realizes that current control is more convenient.
Fig. 4 is the constant current ionization energizing circuit embodiment for further including switching circuit.The switching circuit includes third
Triode V3, the 5th resistance R5, the 6th resistance R6, the 7th resistance R7.The third transistor is a NPN triode；Described
Five resistance one terminate the base stage of the third transistor, another termination switching signal.6th resistance one terminates the third
The base stage of triode, other end ground connection.7th resistance one terminates described in the collector of the third transistor, another termination
The base stage of second triode.The emitter of the third transistor is grounded.
Switching circuit is that the mode when ionization source is not yet lighted using high current realizes increasing oscillator power.Specifically
How much increase will set according to the concrete specification of ionization source or spectrum lamp.It is generally used in combination with photoinduction circuit, detection electricity
Small-power state is switched to after shining from source.
The control device of the switching circuit is the third transistor V3, and the electricity of pierce circuit is controlled by its on-off
Flow size.When ionization source (spectrum lamp) is non-lit up, should provide switching signal is high level, and the third transistor V3 is opened,
Make the base voltage V of the second triode V2BIt reduces, to make to increase by the electric current of pierce circuit, hunting power increases
Add, ionization source (spectrum lamp) is lighted when the hunting power reaches exciting power.After spectrum lamp is lighted, switching signal is changed to low
Level makes the base voltage V of the second triode V2BRestore normal value, pierce circuit is worked with normal setting electric current, institute
The power stability of excitation variable winding is stated in normality power.
The 7th resistance R7 can adjust operating current when excitation.The 5th resistance R5 is current-limiting resistance.
Fig. 5 is the embodiment flow chart of constant current ionization energizing circuit control method.For any one embodiment of the present invention
The constant current ionizes energizing circuit, comprising the following steps:
If step 101, ionization source do not shine, the base voltage for reducing the second triode flows through the electricity of first resistor
Stream increases, and improves pierce circuit power；
Step 102, constantly improve pierce circuit power make until the power of the excitation variable winding reaches exciting power
Ionization source shines；
If step 103, ionization source shine, the base voltage for improving second triode flows through first resistor
Electric current reduces, and reduces pierce circuit power, makes the power stability of the excitation variable winding in normality power.The normality power,
It is the operating power for making ionization source continuous illumination.
When ionization source does not shine, step 101 is executed again.
Fig. 6 is another embodiment flow chart of constant current ionization energizing circuit control method.To contain the perseverance of switching circuit
Galvanic electricity is from energizing circuit, comprising the following steps:
If step 201, ionization source do not shine, to the switching circuit input high level signal, the three or three pole
Pipe is opened, and the base voltage for reducing the second triode flows through the electric current increasing of first resistor, and pierce circuit power improves, swashs
Hair line circle makes ionization source stimulated luminescence；
If step 202, ionization source shine, to the switching circuit input low level signal, the described 2nd 3 is improved
Pole pipe base voltage, the electric current for flowing through first resistor reduce, and reduce the power of pierce circuit, excitation variable winding keeps ionization source
Luminance.
Above step can be with circular flow.
At least one above-mentioned technical solution that the embodiment of the present application uses can reach following the utility model has the advantages that the present invention is swashing
A constant-current source by transistor for core is added in Power Generation Road, the electric current of pierce circuit can be maintained under relatively high power state
Stablize, the stability of oscillator signal can be effectively improved, to achieve the purpose that improve ionization stability.Especially, band of the present invention
There is the embodiment of ionization source (or spectrum lamp) operating mode switching circuit, is very beneficial for improving the stability indicator of atomic clock.
It should also be noted that, the terms "include", "comprise" or its any other variant are intended to nonexcludability
It include so that the process, method, commodity or the equipment that include a series of elements not only include those elements, but also to wrap
Include other elements that are not explicitly listed, or further include for this process, method, commodity or equipment intrinsic want
Element.In the absence of more restrictions, the element limited by sentence "including a ...", it is not excluded that including described want
There is also other identical elements in the process, method of element, commodity or equipment.
The above description is only an example of the present application, is not intended to limit this application.For those skilled in the art
For, various changes and changes are possible in this application.All any modifications made within the spirit and principles of the present application are equal
Replacement, improvement etc., should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of constant current ionizes energizing circuit, including oscillator, switching circuit and constant-current source, which is characterized in that
The oscillator is radio-frequency oscillator, includes the first triode, excitation variable winding；
First triode is high-power RF NPN triode, is used for starting of oscillation；
The excitation variable winding is used to carry out ionization source excitation to shine；
The constant-current source includes the second triode, first resistor；
Second triode is PNP triode, is used for current stabilization；
The first resistor is connected between the emitter and DC voltage source of the PNP triode；
The first resistor is also attached between the collector of the NPN triode and the DC voltage source；
The constant-current source provides operating current for the oscillator, and the exciting power of the oscillator is made to be greater than 5W, vibrational stabilization
Property be better than 2%；
The switching circuit includes third transistor, the 5th resistance, the 6th resistance, the 7th resistance；
The third transistor is NPN triode；
5th resistance one terminates the base stage of the third transistor, another termination switching signal；
6th resistance one terminates the base stage of the third transistor, other end ground connection；
7th resistance one terminates the base stage of the collector of the third transistor, another termination second triode；
The emitter of the third transistor is grounded.
2. constant current as described in claim 1 ionizes energizing circuit, which is characterized in that
The oscillator is capacitance connecting three point type oscillator；
The oscillator also includes the 5th capacitor, base resistance, the first isolation inductance, the 6th capacitor, the 7th capacitor；
5th capacitor is tunable capacitor, and for adjusting frequency of oscillation, the surge frequency range is 10MHz~200MHz；
The collector and emitter of first triode described in 6th capacitance connection；
Described base resistance one end connects the base stage of first triode, and the other end is oscillator common end；
After the excitation variable winding and the 5th capacitor series connection, the collector of termination first triode, another termination institute
State oscillator common end；
The emitter of first triode described in 7th capacitance connection and the oscillator common end；
First isolation inductance one end connects the emitter of first triode, one end ground connection.
3. constant current as claimed in claim 2 ionizes energizing circuit, which is characterized in that
The oscillator includes the second capacitor；
Second capacitor one end connects the collector of first triode, one end ground connection.
4. constant current as claimed in claim 2 ionizes energizing circuit, which is characterized in that
The constant-current source also includes second resistance, 3rd resistor, the 4th resistance；
The emitter of second triode is connect with the collector of first triode；
The second resistance one terminates the base stage of the DC voltage source, another termination second triode；
3rd resistor one end ground connection, the base stage of another termination second triode；
4th resistance one terminates the collector of second triode, and the other end is by the second isolation inductance connection described in
Oscillator common end.
5. constant current as claimed in claim 4 ionizes energizing circuit, which is characterized in that
The constant-current source includes at least one of first capacitor, third capacitor, the 4th capacitor；
The first capacitor one terminates the DC voltage source, other end ground connection；
The third capacitor one terminates the base stage of second triode, other end ground connection；
4th capacitor one terminates the collector of second triode, other end ground connection.
6. a kind of constant current ionizes energizing circuit control method, for the ionization excitation electricity of constant current described in Claims 1 to 5 any one
Road, which comprises the following steps:
If ionization source does not shine, to the switching circuit input high level signal, the third transistor is opened, and reduces by the
The electric current that the base voltage of two triodes flows through first resistor increases, and pierce circuit power improves, and excitation variable winding makes to ionize
Source stimulated luminescence；
If ionization source shines, to the switching circuit input low level signal, the second transistor base voltage is improved,
The electric current for flowing through first resistor reduces, and reduces the power of pierce circuit, and excitation variable winding makes ionization source keep luminance.
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| CN201610896223.XA CN106374835B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | A kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit and control method |
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| CN201610896223.XA CN106374835B (en) | 2016-10-14 | 2016-10-14 | A kind of constant current ionization energizing circuit and control method |
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