CN1063724A - Novel jumper switch means and method - Google Patents
Novel jumper switch means and method Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN1063724A CN1063724A CN91111739A CN91111739A CN1063724A CN 1063724 A CN1063724 A CN 1063724A CN 91111739 A CN91111739 A CN 91111739A CN 91111739 A CN91111739 A CN 91111739A CN 1063724 A CN1063724 A CN 1063724A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- electrolyzer
- switch means
- jumper switch
- bypass
- electric
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H33/00—High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
- H01H33/002—Very heavy-current switches
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01H—ELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
- H01H1/00—Contacts
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES FOR THE PRODUCTION OF COMPOUNDS OR NON-METALS; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25B9/00—Cells or assemblies of cells; Constructional parts of cells; Assemblies of constructional parts, e.g. electrode-diaphragm assemblies; Process-related cell features
- C25B9/60—Constructional parts of cells
- C25B9/65—Means for supplying current; Electrode connections; Electric inter-cell connections
- C25B9/66—Electric inter-cell connections including jumper switches
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Metals (AREA)
- Electrolytic Production Of Non-Metals, Compounds, Apparatuses Therefor (AREA)
- Water Treatment By Electricity Or Magnetism (AREA)
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Optical Record Carriers And Manufacture Thereof (AREA)
- Motor Or Generator Current Collectors (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention is a kind of electric jumper switch means, the current bypass that is used at least one electrolyzer of being made of some single electrolyzers with the placed in-line a plurality of one pole electrolyzers of power supply is characterized in that described jumper switch means is by being suitable for and being positioned at the one group of extension arm that is linked to each other by each anode electrolytic cell contact of the electrolyzer before the bypass electrolyzer and being suitable for and being positioned at another that linked to each other by each electrolysis cathode contact of that electrolyzer after the bypass electrolyzer and organizing extension arm and form.Described jumper switch means comprises a resistance device, is used for being decayed uniformly by the electric current of each electrolyzer of the electrolyzer of bypass.
Description
The present invention relates to novel jumper switch means and method.
For for the electrolyzers such as alkali metal chloride filtering under pressure type film electrolyzer that are used for electrolytic sodium chloride, when cutting off an electrolyzer in a series of electrolyzers from circuit, be easy to make electrolyzer to be damaged.A kind of damage can influence by the cathode surface electro catalytic activity coating of the electrolyzer of bypass (electrocatalytically active coaating), and this is caused by reversible circulation; If also can cause damage with and each single electrolyzer each electrolyzer adjacent by overcurrent, and this is the result of those nearest electrolyzers of current direction and by-pass switch contact by the electrolyzer of bypass.
Proposed some terms of settlement for these problems, for example United States Patent (USP) 4,561, and No. 949 and 4,589, No. 966, these two patents have all been described short circuiting device, and they allow to bypass part or all of electric current around an electrolyzer.These two patents provide a kind of method, and it can change the current direction around the cut electrolyzer, and do not cause to by the reversible circulation of bypass electrolyzer.Yet, there is not a patent that a kind of like this device is provided, be used for providing from by the homogeneous electric current of one group of electrolyzer of the adjacent electrolyzer in bypass electrolyzer the place ahead.
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of equipment, be used for closing one with the placed in-line one group of electrolyzer of power supply, one pole electrolyzing electrolyzer in particular for electrolytic aqueous solution, this equipment can stop electric current by with by each the single electrolyzer in adjacent those electrolyzers of bypass electrolyzer, and by avoiding reversible circulation to prevent damage to electrolyzer.
Another object of the present invention provides a kind of improved method, and the jumper switch means of the application of the invention comes in one group of electrolyzer of bypass.
To obviously find out these purposes of the present invention and advantage by following detailed, with and other objects and advantages.
This novel electric jumper switch means is used for the current bypass of at least one electrolyzer of being made of some single electrolyzers with the placed in-line a plurality of one pole electrolyzers of power supply, its characteristics are, described jumper switch means is by being suitable for and being positioned at the one group of extension arm that is linked to each other by each anode electrolytic cell contact of the electrolyzer before the bypass electrolyzer, and is suitable for and is positioned at another that linked to each other by each the electric tank cathode contact of that electrolyzer after the bypass electrolyzer and organize extension arm composition.Described jumper switch means comprises an electrical resistor, is used for being carried out the decay of homogeneous by the electric current of each electrolyzer of the electrolyzer of bypass, and making it does not just in time have current drift before by the bypass electrolyzer and in the adjacent electrolyzer afterwards.
With reference now to following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 provide traditional short circuiting switch of prior art, and show current direction wherein.
Fig. 3 .4 and 5 shows one embodiment of the present of invention, and it is made of the jumper switch means of frame above electrolyzer.Provide its top view, forward sight (X-X cross section) and side-view among the figure respectively.
Fig. 6 is the image diagram of Fig. 3,4,5 illustrated embodiments.
Fig. 7 is the image diagram of second embodiment of the invention, cross-over connection change-over switch wherein be positioned at electrolyzer below.
Fig. 8,9 and 10 its objective is and avoids current drift being occurred before the bypass electrolyzer and in the adjacent electrolyzer afterwards with three kinds in several variants that show bridge switch internal circuit of the present invention.
In Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, traditional short circuiting switch is that attempt links to each other to come bypass electrolyzer 2 with short circuiting switch with bus (bus bar) 6 and 7.This equipment can not prevent to flow to the electric current (1) of the contact of this equipment and bus 6,7.When in case Fig. 2 provides this switch closure before electrolyzer 2 and the electric current in electrolyzer afterwards 1 and 3.Dotted line (ⅰ) point out with the nearest electrolyzer 1 and 3 of switch point of contact in the increase of electric current, this is the short result of current path in bus 6 and 7.
Top view, the forward sight X-X cross section of a string one pole electrolyzer 1.2 and 3 described in Fig. 3 .4 and 5 signals) and side-view, each electrolyzer wherein contains the electrolyzer 4 and 5 of one group of adjacently placed, and a jumper switch means 8 that is placed on top, its designated bypass electrolyzer 2.This jumper switch means 8 is supported by the support component 9 and 10 that is fixed on electrolyzer 1 and 3, and is utilized one group of extension arm 12 to link to each other with the anode contact 11 of direct each monopolar cell before electrolyzer 1.Bridge switch 8 also links to each other with the cathode contact 14 of directly following each monopolar cell 5 after electrolyzer 3 with one group of extension arm 13.Connect in order to obtain low resistance between each is to extension arm and male or female contact, the lower end of described extension arm (inflexible or flexibility) can have by the localized clip of spring (pincers).Utilize the weight of jumper switch means self, can force these clip clamper bar table male or female contacts.Jumper switch means 8 also links to each other with yard-crane, and like this, in the electrolytic cell chamber of industrial electrolysis factory, can make jumper switch means just be arranged in a plurality of series connection electrolyzers will be by the top of that electrolyzer of bypass.
Fig. 6 is the image diagram of Fig. 3,4,5 illustrated embodiments.
Fig. 7 is the image diagram of second embodiment of the invention, and the jumper switch means 8 here is positioned at the electrolyzer below, and it is by supporting along being positioned at the car that every row's electrolyzer five sides and track move.
Remaining part and correlated digital code name all do not have to change.
Electric current flows to bridge switch 8 from flow through at the monopolar cell 4 of electrolyzer 1 positive front contact 11 and one group of extension arm 12.Flow through resistance device in the bridge switch 8 of electric current comes controlling flow to the electric current of one group of extension arm 13 and flow to directly electric current in the contact 14 of the monopolar cell 5 of electrolyzer 3 back then.This electric current flows out from monopolar cell 4 gradually by equal proportion, and sends into monopolar cell 5 with same ratio, and the mode of being taked makes that the problem of before having discussed of following electric current to move to be produced has been overcome fully.
Fig. 8,9 and 10 shows three kinds of possible configurations of jumper switch means internal circuit of the present invention.
More particularly, Fig. 8 shows, extension arm 12 and 13 and the joint face contact area of bus 15 and 16 significantly greater than the contact area ( label 6 and 7 in prior figures) of one of bus with electrolyzer.This very big contact area has prevented from just in time to be arranged in by each adjacent electrolyzer of the electrolyzer before and after the bypass electrolyzer and any tangible actually current drift occurred.Jumper switch means 8 also has two switching units 17 and 18 and resistance device 19.In case extension arm 12 has linked to each other with cathode contact (11 and 14 among Fig. 3-7) with anode with 13, switching unit 17 is just closed, and some is passed through resistance device 19 by bypass in the total current thereby make.All the other sub-fraction electric currents still are sent to by the electrolyzer of bypass, make to set up a kind of running status to prevent reversible circulation occurring in short circuit process thereafter in this electrolyzer.After switching unit 17 closed one section appropriate time, switch 18 is also closed, makes this electrolyzer by bypass fully, and does not have actual significantly reversible circulation by electrolyzer itself.
Fig. 9 provides another kind of circuit: in this case, bus is divided into subelement 20,21 and 22,23, and extension arm 12 and 13 is attached thereto respectively.Between each subelement and other subelements is electrical isolation, and has switching unit (being respectively 24,25 and 26,27) and resistance device (26,27), and its operation is identical with bridge switch among Fig. 8.
Bus is divided into subelement can avoids above-mentioned current drift, and needn't depend on the use bulk metal, its cost is to make circuit increase some complicacy.
Figure 10 has described the extreme case of circuit among Fig. 9, and this moment, the switching arrangement (30,31) and the resistance unit (32) of every antianode and negative electrode 12,13 and its oneself linked to each other the composition module structure.When using the parallel array of Fig. 9 and described switching unit of Figure 10 and resistance device, these switches be simultaneously operated (for example 24 among Fig. 9 and 27 with and subsequent 25 and 28).
In order to understand the present invention rightly, should be understood that resistivity is direct current (d.c.) resistance value that has between one section material, the two relative parallel end faces in unit length and unit cross section.A kind of resistivity of material has determined the resistance sizes that this material provides, and resistance is according to formula
R＝pL/A （1）
Calculate R=resistance (micro-ohm) here, p=resistivity (micro-ohm cm)
L=length (centimetre)
The A=section area (centimetre
2)
The resistivity of different materials is exemplified below:
The metallic resistance rate (micro-ohm-centimetre)
Aluminium 2.655
Copper 1.673
Cast iron 75-98
Plumbous 20.65
Magnesium 4.46
Nickel 6.84
Steel 11-45
For the structure among Fig. 1, can calculate label among Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 and be the volts lost in 6,7 the bus, used herein is that traditional short circuiting switch comes bypass electrolyzer 2, its formula is
V＝0.5RI （2）
Here R determines that according to top formula (1) I is the total current that flows through electrolyzer.
Suppose that total current is 60.000 amperes, length L=200 centimetre, sectional area A equals 100 centimetres
2, then reduce to 0.1 volt along the voltage of bus.
Just because of this reason, when being added to an end of bus 6 and 7, the short circuiting device of a prior art will cause the current drift in those the most contiguous electrolyzers of bridge switch shown in Figure 2 contact.According to United States Patent (USP) 4,561, No. 949 and 4,589, when being added to a switching arrangement on bus 6 and 7 No. 966, its electrolyzer is limited in a few monopolar cell, avoids the excessive drift of electric current with this.
As can be seen, can make resistance reach minimum by following means: (1) reduces the length of circuit; Or (2) increase the thickness of bus.
In both cases, prior art is subjected to the restriction of practical situation.So prior art always produces some current drifts.
Utilize jumper switch means of the present invention, its electric current can be transmitted over equably and causes the drift of electric current from the electrolyzer that any a plurality of electrolyzer units are formed.
In fact, in the present invention electric current be from each electrolyzer of electrolyzer through extension arm directly to jumper switch means, do not pass the bus that under normal circumstances is electrically connected each electrolyzer.In addition, the internal circuit of jumper switch means of the present invention is designed to allow that the part by each extension is equal to each other in the total current.This is the result who causes owing to several designs of having used among Fig. 8,9,10, this design makes its internal bus that oversize be arranged, the magnitude of its size can provide the resistance drop less than 50 millivolts, or internal bus is divided into subelement, each subelement provides switch and resistance device, each extension arm is had independent switch and resistance unit, and this a kind of structure in back allows heat that electric current is given birth to is better controlled, and this is another advantage.
When using traditional bridge switch, must will be moved to its side by the electrolyzer of bypass above bridge switch with elevator, this causes unsafe working conditions to the workpeople.Electrolyzer is very heavy, and above the workman, exists electrolytic solution and drain to workman's possibility on one's body, and this electrolytic solution can contain 32% causticity chloride brines (Caustic and Chlorinated brine) in the electrolysis of chloro-alkali.Bridge switch has also hindered and has arrived by the passage of bypass resistance device.Bridge switch of the present invention is placed in by above or below the bypass electrolyzer, thereby has avoided these problems, and electrolyzer can remain on floor level, utilizes common fork truck just it can be moved.Here do not have the danger of electrolyzer, and be unimpeded to the passage of electrolyzer to workpeople's electrolyte leakage.
Utilize jumper switch means of the present invention, can be designed to only need between electrolyzer, to transmit electric current owing to connect the bus of electrolyzer, need not consider to reduce to greatest extent because the current drift in the single electrolyzer of the electrolyzer that old-fashioned switching arrangement causes reaches 40% copper thereby can save.Have again, consider such fact, be that total current is divided into the small portion on each extension arm, thereby old along the voltage of extension arm be negligible, thereby the connection between each extension arm and relevant male or female contact can be friction-type (for example, above-mentioned spring-loaded clip), and needn't use the welded type that requires in the old-fashioned switching arrangement to connect, because in the sort of device, will pass through very high total current.Old-fashioned welding is time-consuming, and requires the workpeople to work the long period between electrolyzer, and this is dangerous.
Another advantage of jumper switch means of the present invention is for the number of the electrolyzer in the electrolyzer of wanting bypass without limits.
Can do multiple modification and without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention to equipment of the present invention and method, thereby should be appreciated that, the present invention only be subjected to following described claim the restriction of definite scope.
Claims (11)
1, a kind of electric jumper switch means, the current bypass that is used at least one electrolyzer of constituting by some single electrolyzers with the placed in-line a plurality of one pole electrolyzers of power supply, its characteristics are, described jumper switch means is by being suitable for and being positioned at the one group of extension arm that is linked to each other by each the anode electrolytic cell contact of electrolyzer before the bypass electrolyzer and being suitable for and being positioned at another that linked to each other by each the electric tank cathode contact of that electrolyzer after the bypass electrolyzer and organizing extension arm and form.
2, a kind of electric jumper switch means that limits by claim 1, wherein said jumper switch means is to be made of at least one internal bus, switch and resistance device, make it reduced all fairly, in being placed directly in, do not produce current drift by the adjacent electrolyzer of the electrolyzer of bypass electrolyzer front and back by the electric current in each electrolyzer of bypass electrolyzer.
3, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 2 limited, the size of wherein said bus guarantees to provide the resistance drop less than 50 millivolts.
4, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 2 limited, wherein said bus is divided into subelement.
5, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 2 limited, wherein each has oneself switch and resistance device to extension arm, forms modular structure.
6, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 1 limited, wherein being connected between extension arm and the male or female contact is that friction-type connects.
7, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 1 limited, extension arm wherein is an inflexible.
8, according to the electric jumper switch means that claim 1 limited, extension arm wherein is flexible.
9, to one group with the placed in-line one pole electrolyzer of power supply in an electrolyzer carry out electric by-pass method, improvement wherein comprises uses jumper switch means described in the claim 1 to 8.
10, according to the method for claim 9, wherein said electric jumper switch means is placed on by the top of bypass electrolyzer.
11, according to the method for claim 9, wherein said electric jumper switch means is placed on by the below of bypass electrolyzer.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| IT22510 | 1990-12-21 | ||
| IT02251090A IT1246987B (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1990-12-21 | SHORT CIRCUITOR FOR ELECTROLIZERS AND RELATED USE MEDOTO |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN1063724A true CN1063724A (en) | 1992-08-19 |
Family
ID=11197240
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN91111739A Pending CN1063724A (en) | 1990-12-21 | 1991-12-20 | Novel jumper switch means and method |
Country Status (22)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| EP (1) | EP0492551B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JPH04301090A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR920013514A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN1063724A (en) |
| AR (1) | AR247922A1 (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE145255T1 (en) |
| AU (1) | AU650694B2 (en) |
| BR (1) | BR9105476A (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2058008A1 (en) |
| CS (1) | CS398791A3 (en) |
| DE (1) | DE69123131D1 (en) |
| FI (1) | FI915926A (en) |
| HU (1) | HU209837B (en) |
| IL (1) | IL100265A (en) |
| IT (1) | IT1246987B (en) |
| MX (1) | MX9102715A (en) |
| NO (1) | NO914923L (en) |
| NZ (1) | NZ241071A (en) |
| PL (1) | PL167716B1 (en) |
| PT (1) | PT99890A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2076908C1 (en) |
| ZA (1) | ZA919566B (en) |
Family Cites Families (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE2448194A1 (en) * | 1974-10-09 | 1976-04-22 | Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp | ELECTROLYSIS CELL PLANT |
| US4302642A (en) * | 1977-08-24 | 1981-11-24 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Vacuum switch assembly |
| DE2821979A1 (en) * | 1978-05-19 | 1979-11-22 | Hooker Chemicals Plastics Corp | Electrolysis plant with mono:polar filter press type assembly - has cathode frames of one cell unit connected to anode frames of adjacent unit |
| US4390763A (en) * | 1981-05-27 | 1983-06-28 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Electrochemical cell shunting switch assembly with matrix array of switch modules |
| US4537662A (en) * | 1984-05-04 | 1985-08-27 | Westinghouse Electric Corp. | Method of electrically shorting an electrolytic cell |
-
1990
- 1990-12-21 IT IT02251090A patent/IT1246987B/en active IP Right Grant
-
1991
- 1991-11-28 AU AU88251/91A patent/AU650694B2/en not_active Ceased
- 1991-12-04 ZA ZA919566A patent/ZA919566B/en unknown
- 1991-12-06 IL IL10026591A patent/IL100265A/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-13 NO NO91914923A patent/NO914923L/en unknown
- 1991-12-17 BR BR919105476A patent/BR9105476A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-17 FI FI915926A patent/FI915926A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-18 CA CA002058008A patent/CA2058008A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 1991-12-19 NZ NZ241071A patent/NZ241071A/en unknown
- 1991-12-19 MX MX9102715A patent/MX9102715A/en unknown
- 1991-12-20 RU SU915010539A patent/RU2076908C1/en active
- 1991-12-20 PL PL91292897A patent/PL167716B1/en unknown
- 1991-12-20 JP JP3338895A patent/JPH04301090A/en active Pending
- 1991-12-20 PT PT99890A patent/PT99890A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-20 KR KR1019910023656A patent/KR920013514A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 1991-12-20 CN CN91111739A patent/CN1063724A/en active Pending
- 1991-12-20 HU HU914065A patent/HU209837B/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-20 DE DE69123131T patent/DE69123131D1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-20 CS CS913987A patent/CS398791A3/en unknown
- 1991-12-20 EP EP91122025A patent/EP0492551B1/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1991-12-20 AT AT91122025T patent/ATE145255T1/en not_active IP Right Cessation
- 1991-12-23 AR AR91321495A patent/AR247922A1/en active
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NZ241071A (en) | 1995-03-28 |
| PL167716B1 (en) | 1995-10-31 |
| EP0492551A1 (en) | 1992-07-01 |
| CS398791A3 (en) | 1992-07-15 |
| AU8825191A (en) | 1992-06-25 |
| HUT59967A (en) | 1992-07-28 |
| IT9022510A0 (en) | 1990-12-21 |
| ATE145255T1 (en) | 1996-11-15 |
| HU209837B (en) | 1994-11-28 |
| IT9022510A1 (en) | 1992-06-21 |
| DE69123131D1 (en) | 1996-12-19 |
| NO914923L (en) | 1992-06-22 |
| IL100265A0 (en) | 1992-09-06 |
| NO914923D0 (en) | 1991-12-13 |
| FI915926A (en) | 1992-06-22 |
| CA2058008A1 (en) | 1992-06-22 |
| BR9105476A (en) | 1992-09-15 |
| PT99890A (en) | 1994-02-28 |
| AR247922A1 (en) | 1995-04-28 |
| MX9102715A (en) | 1992-06-01 |
| ZA919566B (en) | 1992-08-26 |
| HU914065D0 (en) | 1992-03-30 |
| FI915926A0 (en) | 1991-12-17 |
| JPH04301090A (en) | 1992-10-23 |
| AU650694B2 (en) | 1994-06-30 |
| EP0492551B1 (en) | 1996-11-13 |
| RU2076908C1 (en) | 1997-04-10 |
| IL100265A (en) | 1995-12-08 |
| PL292897A1 (en) | 1992-07-27 |
| IT1246987B (en) | 1994-12-12 |
| KR920013514A (en) | 1992-07-29 |
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| C01 | Deemed withdrawal of patent application (patent law 1993) | ||
| WD01 | Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication |