CN106370225A - Rapid surveying and imaging method for accumulated layer landslide - Google Patents
Rapid surveying and imaging method for accumulated layer landslide Download PDFInfo
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- CN106370225A CN106370225A CN201610682090.6A CN201610682090A CN106370225A CN 106370225 A CN106370225 A CN 106370225A CN 201610682090 A CN201610682090 A CN 201610682090A CN 106370225 A CN106370225 A CN 106370225A
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- landslide
- accumulated layer
- data
- layer landslide
- induced
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01D—MEASURING NOT SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR A SPECIFIC VARIABLE; ARRANGEMENTS FOR MEASURING TWO OR MORE VARIABLES NOT COVERED IN A SINGLE OTHER SUBCLASS; TARIFF METERING APPARATUS; MEASURING OR TESTING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01D21/00—Measuring or testing not otherwise provided for
- G01D21/02—Measuring two or more variables by means not covered by a single other subclass
Abstract
The invention relates to a rapid surveying and imaging method for accumulated layer landslide, in particularly, to a rapid surveying method for disastrous landslides. Based on the generalized understanding of the scale and accumulation thickness of an accumulated layer landslide, through the use of a three-dimensional laser scanner and a geological radar and in the combination with a GIS platform three-dimensional imaging system, intensive and continuous acquisition is performed to develop images. According to the invention, a three-dimensional laser scanner is adopted to measure the topographic image and combines the continuous profile of an accumulated layer landslide presented by the geological radar so as to develop a comprehensive image of the accumulated layer landslide by means of the GIS platform and to evaluate the stability of the accumulated layer landslide. The method not only develops fine three-dimensional images of a landslide body, but also improves the speed and precision of the accumulated layer landslide surveying, and at the same time provides auxiliary decisions for the rapid evaluation of the disastrous hazard of the accumulated layer landslide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of landslide induced reconnoitres drawing methods and in particular to quickly the surveying of a kind of landslide disaster
Examine method.
Background technology
Accumulation horizon slope is distributed widely in Southwestern China mountain area, and this kind of slope by the 4th in addition to loess, cohesive soil is
Incompact-deposit bodies are constituted.Accumulation body material removes and remains, slide rock, proluvial, alluviation, the sand gravel of the origin cause of formation such as colluvial, contains gravel or broken
Stone soil is outer, also includes the embankment filling, sometimes has incomplete stratiform or lenticular body structure.This kind of slope be more common in front of the mountains and
River valley two sides, are affected the features such as by Rock And Soil diversity weathering, this kind of slope stability is low, deformation failure models are complicated.Wenchuan
Violent earthquake has caused bulk deposition layer to come down, and therefore traditional Geological Hazards Investigation method of work is difficult to carry out, in the urgent need to one
Plant quick, accurate, convenient technological means ancillary works geological exploration.However, due to the Rock And Soil origin cause of formation, preservation geological environment,
The difference of Evolution etc., the impact of many uncertain factors such as earthquake, rainfall, Human dried bloodstains in addition, different regions heap
Lamination slope state differs, differs from one another.Therefore, three-dimensional laser scanner technology and geophysical prospecting method are incorporated into heap
Lamination Landslide field, so that improve the accuracy and speed that Landslide becomes figure, greatly reduces prospecting cost simultaneously, makes
Landslide develops to intelligent and automatization direction.
At present, both at home and abroad three-dimensional laser scanning technique is used for, with reference to geological radar, the report that landslide induced reconnoitres into figure
And document is less, most of report all concentrates on and carries out the ground displacement that comes down, part document with three-dimensional laser scanner
Describe the sliding surface depth detecting landslide with the means of geological radar.Three-dimensional laser scanning technique contrasts various measurement means
With method, there is its unique advantage, it can completely and accurately rebuild scanning material object, quickly obtain original mapping landform
Etc. three-dimensional data.Each of which three-dimensional data is all the truthful data of directly collection target so that the data of later stage process is completely true
Real reliable, have the advantages that high precision, speed are fast, approach original shape.But there is vegetation for landslide ground telogenesis figure and Rock And Soil is poor
The impact to certainty of measurement for the factor such as different.Therefore, by means of a cloud Filtering Analysis method, make organized cloud data,
To reach denoising, to remove acnode and abnormity point, and reduce the impact that vegetation measures to landform.Geological radar (gpr) method is one
Plant the electromagnetic prospecting skill of the features such as sightless objective body or interface are positioned and had high-resolution and efficiency to underground
Art.It has been widely used in engineering geological investigation, building structure investigation, Non-Destructive Testing, survey for the purpose of locating hydrogeological resources and ecological environment etc.
Various fields.Due to employing high frequency broadband short pulse and high-speed sampling technology, its exploration resolution is higher than it to geological radar
Its physical prospecting means.Therefore, when carrying out Sliding Plane exploration, body thickness should be piled up for different slip masses, be surveyed using different
Amount parameter and frequency probe, adjust main journey measurement parameter.
Content of the invention
For blank present on prior art, the invention discloses a kind of landslide induced quickly reconnoitre into figure side
Method.Three-dimensional laser scanner technology and geophysical prospecting method are incorporated into landslide induced prospecting field so that coming down into
Figure is changed into intensive, continuous, high degree of automation Quick Acquisition drawing methods from traditional single-point or monobore data.The party
Method not only increases collection quantity of information and reduces prospecting cost, and increased into the accuracy and speed of figure, makes Landslide
Develop to intelligent and automatization direction.
To achieve these goals, the present invention is to realize by the following technical solutions: the rule based on landslide induced
On the basis of model scope and ulking thickness Preliminary study, using three-dimensional laser scanner and geological radar, and combine gis platform three
Dimension drawing formation system, carries out intensive, continuous acquisition and becomes figure.
Specifically, the quick surveying method of landslide induced, comprises the following steps:
(1) reconnoitred analysis and instrument and equipment has prepared: main inclusion investigation region topographic and geologic has been summarized, rainfall hydrology feelings
Condition etc.；The aspect data such as Landslide Deformation front and back position scope and Rock And Soil physical and mechanical parameter；Three-dimensional laser scanner and geology
The preparation of radar；
(2) three-dimensional laser scanner: translated based on sentencing of Landslide Deformation antero-posterior extent, scanned by multiple views, Gain Observation
Point, thus obtain high density cloud data.And by means of a cloud Filtering Analysis method, make organized cloud data, with
Reach denoising, remove acnode and abnormity point, and reduce the impact that vegetation measures to landform；
(3) geological radar: for piling up body thickness difference slip mass, using different field measurement parameters and frequency probe,
Adjust main journey measurement parameter, the vertical and horizontal along landslide lay spy line and path, utilize gps in exploration line in detection process
Measure, and provide reliable cross-sectional data to the landform by revising；
(4) landslide induced quick mapping: the data after three-dimensional laser scanner and geological radar are processed, in gis
Platform carries out further post processing.Using the feature of the analysis of gis platform space and data management, quantified by ascii code vector,
Difference generates the required precision that Landslide needs reach, and automatically generates landslide profile with reference to Georadar Data.And then,
For landslide disaster stability Fast Evaluation provided auxiliary decision-making.
At present, landslide induced becomes figure mostly to adopt the method that the measurement of the level combines probing, and application is relatively broad.The present invention
By measuring topography with three-dimensional laser scanner, provide the ribbon diagram of landslide induced in conjunction with geological radar, and then borrow
Help gis platform and comprehensive composite diagram is carried out to landslide induced, and the stability of landslide induced is evaluated.
The quick prospecting drawing methods of the landslide induced that the present invention provides, reconnoitre purpose and each rank based on landslide induced
The quick requirement reconnoitring grade of section, situations such as the geology of analysis of landslide, landform, rainfall water level, ground body characteristicses and vegetation are distributed,
Landslide method is analyzed and optimized choice, comprehensive utilization three-dimensional laser scanning technique and geological radar technology excellent
Point, provides the quick surveying method of landslide induced and implements, and not only can improve speed and the precision that landslide induced reconnoitres into figure,
Can be landslide disaster stability Fast Evaluation provided auxiliary decision-making simultaneously, so that Landslide is sent out to intelligent and automatization direction
Exhibition.
Brief description
To describe the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and detailed description in detail；
Fig. 1 is method of the present invention flow chart；
Fig. 2 is the Coordinate Conversion schematic diagram of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the typical heap lamination landslide 3 D laser scanning figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 4 becomes figure for after the typical heap lamination landslide Filtering Analysis of the present embodiment；
Fig. 5 is the three-dimensional laser scanner detection principle of the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 (a) is that figure is quickly reconnoitred on the typical heap lamination landslide of the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 (b) is that figure is quickly reconnoitred on the typical heap lamination landslide of the present embodiment；
Fig. 6 (c) is that figure is quickly reconnoitred on the typical heap lamination landslide of the present embodiment；
Fig. 7 (a) is the typical heap lamination landslide Stability Analysis figure of the present embodiment；
Fig. 7 (b) is the typical heap lamination landslide section position of slip surface of the present embodiment；
Fig. 8 (a) is the landslide induced frequency stable property coefficient of the present embodiment；
Fig. 8 (b) is the landslide induced probability of the present embodiment；
Fig. 8 (c) is the landslide induced coefficient of stability of the present embodiment
Specific embodiment
Technological means, creation characteristic, reached purpose and effect for making the present invention realize are easy to understand, with reference to
Specific embodiment, is expanded on further the present invention.
The method flow diagram of this specific embodiment is as shown in figure 1, specific embodiment employs the following technical solutions: right
On the basis of landslide induced disaster carries out detailed field investigation.Using 3d scanner, Landslide deposit body microrelief is carried out entirely
Azimuth scan, provides data basis for the quick plane graph of reconnoitring in typical heap lamination landslide.
Three-dimensional laser scanning system passes through to measure laser pulse reflex time and spread speed in media as well, thus drawing seat
Subject distance d, can calculate according to below equation:
In formula: t is the time；vgLaser spread speed in media as well；v0Laser spread speed in a vacuum；ξgMedium swash
Light characteristic parameter.
As Fig. 2, it obtains scanning impact point cloud data coordinates principle is: writing scan angle value α and longitudinal angle angle value θ,
By Coordinate Conversion, obtain the data that rectangular coordinate mode represents, thus can get the calculating of the three-dimensional coordinate (x, y, z) of angle point
Formula is:
By a cloud Filtering Analysis method, make organized cloud data, to reach denoising, to remove acnode and exception
Point, and reduce the impact that vegetation measures to landform, such as Fig. 3.Using the feature of the analysis of gis platform space and data management, to filter
After ripple, data is quantified by ascii code vector, sets up typical heap lamination landslide plane graph, such as Fig. 4.
Geological radar (gpr) is a kind of objective body sightless to underground or interface positioned and had high-resolution and
The electromagnetic prospecting technology of the features such as efficiency.Due to employing high frequency broadband short pulse and high-speed sampling technology, its exploration point
Resolution is higher than other physical prospecting means, and geological radar utilizes frequency electromagnetic waves, and (dominant frequency is tens of megahertzs to hundreds of megahertzs down to gigabit
Conspicuous) with broadband short bursts, sent by transmitting antenna t, by ground entrance underground, through subsurface formations or objective body reflection
Return to ground afterwards, received by reception antenna r, such as Fig. 5.Impulse wave stroke takes:When in underground medium
Velocity of wave v be known when, depth z (m) of reflector can be obtained, x (m) value in formula according to time t value (ns) recording by above formula
It is fixing in section detects；V value (m/ns) can with wide angle mode direct measurement it is also possible to according toApproximate meter
Calculate.
For different slip masses (accumulation body thickness), using different field measurement parameters and frequency probe, adjust main journey and survey
Amount parameter, the vertical and horizontal along landslide lay spy line and path, are measured using gps in detection process in exploration line,
And provide reliable cross-sectional data to the landform by revising.Taking typical heap lamination landslide as a example, arrangement of measuring-line is along landslide level
Direction, arranges 4 exploration line altogether, measures in detection process in exploration line, provides reliable elevation to landform correction
Data.
Knowable to Fig. 6 (a), Fig. 6 (b) and Fig. 6 (c), on the top of geological radar depth section, waveform frequency is relative to upper strata
Larger, wave type energy power changes greatly, and lineups more crush messy, are the reflection of sliding surface, can be clear in 6～40m position
See that top layer has stronger reflecting surface and reflectance anomaly, sliding surface buried depth about 5～35m, 2 lines, 3 lines, 4 line radars clearly
Profile features are more similar to the radar cross-section feature of survey line 1, and top layer all has strong reflection face.In landslide middle and lower part, geology thunder
Reach lineups seriality on profile preferable, and wave amplitude tolerance is relatively strong, waveform stabilization, for stablizing the waveform response of rock-soil layer.Wind
Changing interface (bedrock surface) depth bounds between layer and its overlying argillic horizon is 20～35m, because basement rock air slaking are serious, complete～wind
Change layer is inconspicuous with residual soil boundary, but stable middle air slaking bedrock surface is obvious with the waveform response of upper soil horizon, shows as phase
Coaxial seriality is preferable, fine and closely woven uniform waveform.This feature can clearly be seen below the 30m depth of slopes top, surveyed according to three
The relative analyses of line, middle air slaking stablize the buried depth of basement rock about in 28～35m, and slope top is divided shallower, and bottom of slope is deeper.
Geological radar interpretation results have found out the developmental state of Sliding Plane substantially, and to latent adverse geological condition
Disclosed.By means of gis platform, landslide induced is carried out with comprehensive composite diagram such as Fig. 7 (a) and Fig. 7 (b), slided according to accumulation horizon
Figure result and soil test are quickly reconnoitred in slope, can calculate typical heap lamination Landslide Stability coefficient, such as Fig. 8 (a)～Fig. 8 (c),
For landslide disaster stability Fast Evaluation provided auxiliary decision-making.
Ultimate principle and principal character and the advantages of the present invention of the present invention have been shown and described above.The technology of the industry
, it should be appreciated that the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments, the simply explanation described in above-described embodiment and description is originally for personnel
The principle of invention, without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, the present invention also has various changes and modifications, these changes
Change and improvement both falls within scope of the claimed invention.Claimed scope by appending claims and its
Equivalent thereof.
Claims (2)
1. the quick prospecting drawing methods of landslide induced are it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
On the basis of regulating scope based on landslide induced and ulking thickness Preliminary study, using three-dimensional laser scanner and ground
Matter radar, and combine gis platform three-dimensional drawing formation system, carry out intensive, continuous acquisition and become figure.
2. landslide induced according to claim 1 quickly reconnoitres drawing methods it is characterised in that specifically including following mistake
Journey:
(1) investigation region topographic and geologic summary, rainfall hydrologic regime；Collect Landslide Deformation front and back position scope and Rock And Soil physics
Mechanics parameter data；
(2) translated based on sentencing of Landslide Deformation antero-posterior extent, scanned by multiple views, Gain Observation point, obtain high density point cloud number
According to；And by means of a cloud Filtering Analysis method, make organized cloud data, denoising, removing acnode and abnormity point, and drop
The impact that low vegetation measures to landform；
(3) it is directed to the slip mass piling up body thickness, using corresponding field measurement parameter and frequency probe, adjust main journey measurement ginseng
Number, the vertical and horizontal along landslide lay spy line and path, are measured using gps in detection process in exploration line, and right
There is provided reliable cross-sectional data by the landform revised；
(4) data after three-dimensional laser scanner and geological radar are processed, carries out further post processing in gis platform；
Using the feature of the analysis of gis platform space and data management, quantified by ascii code vector, difference generates Landslide to be needed to reach
The required precision arrived, and automatically generate landslide profile with reference to Georadar Data；Carry for landslide disaster stability Fast Evaluation
For aid decision.
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