CN106369596B - A kind of bed material external circulating device and operation method for circulating fluidized bed boiler - Google Patents
A kind of bed material external circulating device and operation method for circulating fluidized bed boiler Download PDFInfo
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- CN106369596B CN106369596B CN201610694246.2A CN201610694246A CN106369596B CN 106369596 B CN106369596 B CN 106369596B CN 201610694246 A CN201610694246 A CN 201610694246A CN 106369596 B CN106369596 B CN 106369596B
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- ash bucket
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 160
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000002956 ash Substances 0.000 claims description 78
- 239000010882 bottom ash Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011343 solid material Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000005514 two-phase flow Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 15
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005243 fluidization Methods 0.000 description 5
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002910 solid waste Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010802 sludge Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000019738 Limestone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000008331 Pinus X rigitaeda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011613 Pinus brutia Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241000018646 Pinus brutia Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010884 boiler slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 colm Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000006028 limestone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C10/00—Fluidised bed combustion apparatus
- F23C10/18—Details; Accessories
- F23C10/24—Devices for removal of material from the bed
- F23C10/26—Devices for removal of material from the bed combined with devices for partial reintroduction of material into the bed, e.g. after separation of agglomerated parts
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2206/00—Fluidised bed combustion
- F23C2206/10—Circulating fluidised bed
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN A CARRIER GAS OR AIR
- F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
- F23C2900/10007—Spouted fluidized bed combustors
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fluidized-Bed Combustion And Resonant Combustion (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of bed material external circulating devices and operation method, multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler and vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler for circulating fluidized bed boiler, wherein screening plant (15) setting connects in scum pipe (14) bottom, material outlet with bed material loop back device (16)；There are changeover valve (20), the different outlets of changeover valve to take back the corresponding transfer pipeline for sending pipe-line system (17) between bed material loop back device (16) and loopback pipe-line system (17)；Loopback pipe-line system (17) is sprayed onto ash bucket (9) inner wall by Geldart-D particle by the nozzle (18) of corresponding transfer pipeline foldback bed material to ash bucket (9), and by nozzle (18).The present invention can start against the material balance of ash, it is ensured that be in good Gas-solid Two-phase Flow, burning and heat transfer conditions in stove, and can effectively reduce deslagging heat loss and improve efficiency of combustion；Self-sufficient, the guarantee stable operation of the boiler of bed material when low ash fuel burning can be achieved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to low ash content inferior fuel field of combustion equipment more particularly to a kind of for circulating fluidized bed boiler
Bed material external circulating device and operation method, multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler and vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
Background technology
Circulating fluidized bed boiler has following advantage：1, high combustion efficiency can be carried out at the same time the pollutions such as desulfuration in furnace, denitration
Control operation；2, combustion process cleans, and NOx and SOx discharges are low；3, fuel tolerance is wide, can both use fat coal, can also
The fuel such as colm, solid waste, biomass are seted off, therefore it has obtained rapid development in electricity market at present.
There are two types of conventional recycle fluidized-bed combustion boiler is current：
A kind of circulating fluidized bed boiler is vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler comprising a shaft, separator and follow-up
Tail vertical well, economizer and air preheater etc., in order to ensure that material burning is abundant as much as possible, this only shaft is as object
The main combustion chamber of material, what is be designed is very high.
Another circulating fluidized bed boiler is multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler.The multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler is equipped with
Main combustion chamber, subsidiary combustion chamber, secondary furnace, separator and subsequent tail vertical well, economizer and air preheater etc., because the multipaths is followed
Multiple combustion chambers that circulation fluidized bed boiler is equipped with can reduce the height of shaft, make object so in the case that ensureing burner hearth area
Material is able to fully burn as far as possible.
However, for the low ash content inferior fuel such as burning low grade coal, solid waste, sludge or biomass, due to it
Body ash content is few, and with the passage of boiler operatiopn stabilization time, the loss with flying dust, the material balance in boiler furnace is discharged in bottom ash
Can be broken, this just influences whether the temperature of boiler slag and burner hearth, to influence the operation thickness of bed material in burner hearth, into without
It can guarantee that boiler stablizes burning for a long time.
In order to ensure have sufficient bed material to run thickness in burner hearth, boiler operatiopn is set more to stablize, in the industry usually to fuel
Dust burdening proposes certain requirement, or supplements bed material by material outside addition coal, quartz sand, lime stone single-candidate.For example, Chinese
Patent document (CN201510544086) discloses a kind of Horizontal CFB Boiler with bed material outer circulation, passes through setting
Subsidiary combustion chamber and secondary furnace lower part level-one returning charge box and two level returning charge box in separator lower part is set, feed back is distinguished defeated
It send to main combustion chamber.Although some effects of this method, due to loopback bed material position, there are certain limitations for machinery conveying
Property, when especially having the tendency that slag knot is strong to the tilting section of ash bucket and separator, such as slag charge cannot be cleared up in time, still
It is easy to influence the prolonged normal table operation of boiler.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is be directed to presently, there are the problem of, provide and followed outside a kind of bed material for circulating fluidized bed boiler
Loop device and operation method the case where burning low ash content inferior fuel or need to supplement bed material and lack again when boiler operatiopn
Under qualified bed material, it can also ensure the prolonged normal table operation of boiler.
The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
The present invention provides a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising：
Screening plant, bed material loop back device, loopback pipe-line system, nozzle and changeover valve；
The screening plant is arranged in the bottom of scum pipe, and the material outlet of screening plant is connected with bed material loop back device；
Changeover valve is provided between the bed material loop back device and loopback pipe-line system, the different outlets of the changeover valve connect
The corresponding transfer pipeline of loopback pipe-line system；
Loopback pipe-line system passes through corresponding transfer pipeline foldback bed material to the ash for being installed on relevant device by Geldart-D particle
The nozzle of bucket, and be injected on the inner wall of ash bucket with setting speed by the nozzle；
The bed material of the return, which returns together with the solid material for being pooled to ash bucket after combustion chambers burn in combustion chamber, to be continued
Burning.
It is highly preferred that the bed material loop back device includes：
Surge bunker, feeder, Geldart-D particle room and compressed air line；
The bed material entrance of surge bunker connects the bed material outlet of screening plant, and the bed material outlet of surge bunker connects the bed material of feeder and enters
Mouthful；The bed material outlet of feeder connects the bed material entrance of Geldart-D particle room；The bed material outlet of Geldart-D particle room is taken back by changeover valve
Send the corresponding transfer pipeline of pipe-line system；Compressed air line connects Geldart-D particle room by upper and lower gas circuit entrance respectively.
It is highly preferred that the loopback pipe-line system includes：Separator loopback pipe.
It is highly preferred that the loopback pipe-line system further includes：Subsidiary combustion chamber loopback pipe and secondary furnace loopback pipe.
It is highly preferred that the nozzle is connected by hose transfer pipeline corresponding to loopback pipe-line system, and the spray
Mouth can be rotated in a circumferential direction by the hose in the ash bucket.
It is highly preferred that the structure of the nozzle is from the junction with hose to free end eddy flow flaring.
It is highly preferred that the bed material external circulating device further includes：
Camera；The camera is for monitoring nozzle to the slagging situation of space of planes and by circuit and industrial television phase
Even.
The present invention also provides a kind of bed material outer circulation operation methods for circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising：
Step S201, the bottom ash that boiler is discharged in operation are drained into through scum pipe in screening plant；
Step S202, screened device carry out screening process to bottom ash, and underproof bed material is discharged equipment after screening, close
The bed material of lattice then enters bed material loop back device；
Step S203, bed material, by multidirectional valve regulation, ash bucket are delivered to through loopback pipe-line system via bed material loop back device
In；
Step S204, the bed material of the return return to burning together with the solid material for being pooled to ash bucket after combustion chambers burn
It burns away in room.
The present invention also provides a kind of multipath circulating fluidized bed boilers, including main combustion chamber, subsidiary combustion chamber, secondary furnace and separation
Device；Further include：
A kind of above-mentioned bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler, the deslagging being arranged below main combustion chamber
Pipe, and it is located at the subsidiary combustion chamber and secondary furnace lower part and the setting separator lower part ash bucket；
The bed material entrance setting of the bed material external circulating device is arranged in deslagging bottom of the tube, bed material outlet in ash bucket
Portion, and face the inner wall of ash bucket.
The present invention also provides a kind of vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boilers, including main combustion chamber and separator；It further includes：
A kind of above-mentioned bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler, the deslagging being arranged below main combustion chamber
Pipe, and it is located at the ash bucket of the separator lower part；
The bed material entrance setting of the bed material external circulating device is arranged in deslagging bottom of the tube, bed material outlet in ash bucket
Portion, and face the inner wall of ash bucket.
The present invention has the following technical effect that it can be seen from the technical solution of aforementioned present invention：
The present invention by being sieved to burner hearth deslagging, screen out come qualified thin bed material by Geldart-D particle through hose,
Nozzle, with certain speed foldback bed material, to relevant device is installed on, (such as multipath circulating fluidized bed pair is burnt for changeover valve distribution
Room, secondary furnace and separator；The separator of vertical circulation fluid bed) ash bucket sprayed through nozzle therefore while returning charge
Bed material is due to there is setting speed also can be to there is the slag charge of ash deposition propensity to clear up, so as to avoid the generation of slag knot tendency, such as
This cycle, makes entire boiler start against the material balance of ash, it is ensured that in stove in good Gas-solid Two-phase Flow, burning and
Heat transfer conditions, and deslagging loss can be effectively reduced and improve efficiency of combustion；It can omit and supplement bed material when using low ash fuel
The case where link, ash content inferior fuel low especially suitable for burning low grade coal, solid waste, sludge or biomass etc., or
Need to supplement the case where bed material lacks qualified bed material again when boiler operatiopn, it can be achieved that when low ash fuel burns bed material it is self-supporting from
Foot, ensures the stable operation of boiler.
The bed material external circulating device and operation method for circulating fluidized bed boiler of the present invention is applicable not only to multipaths
Circulating fluidized bed boiler is also equally applicable to vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler；
Fig. 2 is the bed material loop back device schematic diagram using pneumatic conveying mode；
Fig. 3 is the schematic view of the mounting position of nozzle；
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram of level-one returning charge box and two level returning charge box；
Fig. 5 is the structural schematic diagram of vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
In attached drawing：
Main combustion chamber 1；Subsidiary combustion chamber 2；Secondary furnace 3；Separator 4；Tail vertical well 5；Economizer 6；Air preheater 7；Drum 8；Ash bucket
9；Level-one returning charge box 10；Level-one refeed line 11；Two level returning charge box 12；Two level refeed line 13；Scum pipe 14；Screening plant 15；Bed
Expect loop back device 16；Loopback pipe-line system 17；Nozzle 18；Hose 19；Changeover valve 20；Vertical feed back pipe 101；Fluidize air compartment 102；Pine
Dynamic air compartment 103；Box cavity 104；Surge bunker 161；Feeder 162；Conveying chamber 163；Compressed air line 164；Subsidiary combustion chamber loopback
Pipe 171；Secondary furnace loopback pipe 172；Separator loopback pipe 173.
Specific implementation mode
In order to make those skilled in the art more fully understand the technical solution of the application, below with reference to attached drawing to this hair
It is bright to be described in further details.
The orientation such as upper, lower, left, right, front and rear in present specification term be position relationship based on ... shown in the drawings and
It establishes.Attached drawing is different, then corresponding position relationship is also possible to change therewith, therefore cannot be interpreted as with this to protecting model
The restriction enclosed.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that, belong to " first ", " second " is used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indicating or implying or implicitly indicate the quantity of indicated technical characteristic.Thus it defines " first " or " second "
Feature can explicitly or implicitly include one or more feature.In the description of the present invention, " multiple "
Meaning refers to two or more, unless otherwise specifically defined.
In the present invention, belong to " installation ", " connected ", " connecting ", " connection ", " fixation " etc. shall be understood in a broad sense, for example, can
It to be to be fixedly connected, may be a detachable connection, can also be to be integrally connected, can also be mechanical connection, can also be
Electrical connection can be in communication with each other, and be can also be to be directly connected to, be can also be to be indirectly connected with by intermediary, can be two
Unicom inside component can also be the interaction relationship of two components.For those of ordinary skill in the art and
Speech, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific conditions.
Embodiment one：
The present invention provides a kind of multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler, band bed material external circulating device, structure as shown in Figure 1,
Including：
Main combustion chamber 1, subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3, separator 4, tail vertical well 5, economizer 6, air preheater 7, drum 8, ash bucket
9, level-one returning charge box 10, level-one refeed line 11, two level returning charge box 12, two level refeed line 13, scum pipe 14, screening plant 15, bed
Expect loop back device 16, loopback pipe-line system 17, nozzle 18, hose 19 and changeover valve 20.
Main combustion chamber 1, subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace 3 are arranged in juxtaposition successively, and separator 4 is arranged after the exhanst gas outlet of secondary furnace 3
The exhaust pass in face, separator 4 connects with the flue of tail vertical well 5, and economizer 6 and air preheater are disposed in the tail vertical well 5
7；Drum 8 is arranged in the top of boiler.
The lower part of main combustion chamber 1 is equipped with scum pipe 14, and the arranged beneath of scum pipe 14 has screening plant 15；Screening plant 15
Material outlet is connected with bed material loop back device 16；It is provided with changeover valve between the bed material loop back device 16 and loopback pipe-line system 17
20, for adjusting the feed back direction and the loopback amount that are looped back bed material.By adjusting the direction of changeover valve 20, bed material quilt can be controlled
It is recycled to subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3 or separator 4.By adjusting changeover valve 20 aperture, it can be achieved that different location feed back amount
Control, to adapt to various operating conditions.For example, the bed material being looped back can be controlled by nozzle with the speed of 18~10m/s
The different location in subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3 or separator 4 is sprayed into, and impacts tilting section ash slag part.Bed material loop back device
16 by 17 foldback bed material of loopback pipe-line system to subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3 and separator 4.
Above-mentioned bed material loop back device 16 uses Geldart-D particle.Fig. 2 is the bed material loop back device 16 using pneumatic conveying mode
Structural schematic diagram, it includes：
Surge bunker 161, feeder 162, Geldart-D particle room 163, compressed air line 164.
The bed material entrance of surge bunker 161 connects the bed material outlet of screening plant 15, and the bed material outlet of surge bunker 161 connects feeder
162 bed material entrance；The bed material outlet of feeder 162 connects the bed material entrance of Geldart-D particle room 163；The bed of Geldart-D particle room 163
Material outlet, which takes back, send pipe-line system 17.Compressed air line 164 connects Geldart-D particle room 163 by upper and lower gas circuit entrance respectively.
When using pneumatic conveying mode loopback bed material, the bed material qualified after sieving of screened device 15 is stored to surge bunker
In 161, then through 162 continuous uniform of feeder it is fed to Geldart-D particle room 163.The compressed air pipe line 164 of compressed air is distinguished
Enter Geldart-D particle room 163 from upper and lower two-way, it, will be in Geldart-D particle room 163 by reasonably adjusting distribution air supply
Bed material is delivered to loopback pipe-line system 17, realizes the Geldart-D particle to bed material.
Above-mentioned loopback pipe-line system 17 includes subsidiary combustion chamber loopback pipe 171, secondary furnace loopback pipe 172 and separator loopback pipe
173, it is connected respectively with nozzle 18 by hose 19.The nozzle 18 is respectively arranged at the ash bucket of 3 lower part of subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace
9 and 4 lower part of separator ash bucket 9 in, to impact the wall surface of ash bucket 9, position relationship is as shown in figure 3, nozzle in ash bucket 9
18 can be one or more, structure be from the junction of hose 19 to free end eddy flow flaring, by with it is soft
Pipe 19, which is connected, may be implemented in 9 inner circumferential of the ash bucket, 290 ° of rotations.It is highly preferred that nozzle 18 free end be connected with it is curved
Head, 9 inner wall of ash bucket of the opening of the elbow towards its position offside.It is highly preferred that the center line of the opening of the elbow with
Angle a between offside ash bucket inner wall busbar is less than 90 °, can ensure the bed material sprayed from nozzle 18 in offside ash bucket 9 in this way
The obliquely downward of inner wall.The bed material of return flows through hose 19 through loopback pipe-line system 17, nozzle 18 is injected to subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3
In the ash bucket 9 of lower part or in the ash bucket 9 of separator lower part.
Above-mentioned subsidiary combustion chamber loopback pipe 171, secondary furnace loopback pipe 172 and separator loopback pipe 173 are made of wear-resistant pipe respectively,
Its inner wall smooth is conducive to the conveying of ash.In order to increase the speed that nozzle 18 sprays ash, the wear-resistant pipe and 19 connecting pin of hose are set
Size be less than the size in other places, and from the connecting pin to the gradual transition in its distal end.
The bottom of above-mentioned subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace 3 has ash bucket 9, the lower disposed of the ash bucket 9 to have level-one returning charge box 10 and one
Grade refeed line 11.Bed material after subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace 3 burn is pooled in the ash bucket 9, then through 10 He of level-one returning charge box
Level-one refeed line 11 returns to burn away in main combustion chamber 1.
Ash bucket 9 is arranged at 4 bottom of above-mentioned separator, and the lower disposed of the ash bucket 9 has two level returning charge box 12 and two level refeed line 13；
The bed material isolated through separator 4 is returned in main combustion chamber 1 through two level returning charge box 12 and two level refeed line 13 and is burnt away.
Above-mentioned level-one returning charge box 10 is identical with the structure of two level returning charge box 12, in order to which description scheme is convenient, here by level-one
Returning charge box 10 and two level returning charge box 12 are collectively referred to as returning charge box, and the structure of the returning charge box is as shown in figure 4, include：
Vertical feed back pipe 101, loosens air compartment 103 and box cavity 104 at fluidisation air compartment 102.
101 upper end of vertical feed back pipe is connected with ash bucket 9.Box cavity 104 includes bottom cavity and side cavity, and is formed as L
Type structure；The bottom cavity of box cavity 104 is led in the lower end of vertical feed back pipe 101；Level-one refeed line 11 or two level refeed line 13
It is communicated with side cavity by the upper end of proximal portion cavity, and is in tilt down direction cloth to distal end certainly with the side cavity junction
It sets.It fluidizes air compartment 102 and loosens and lead to compressed air in air compartment 103, compressed air is conveyed to the bottom of box cavity 104 by blast cap
Portion's cavity.Fluidisation air compartment 102 is disposed adjacent to the side of the side cavity of box cavity 104 and by blast cap and bottom cavity phase
It is logical.Air compartment 103 is loosened to be arranged in the side of the side cavity far from box cavity 104 and communicate with bottom cavity by blast cap.
Vertical feed back pipe 101 accepts the ash collected through ash bucket 9, and the ash is flow to fluidized wind room 102 and loosening wind certainly
Room 103.Lead to compressed air in the fluidisation air compartment 102 and loosening air compartment 103.By adjusting enter fluidisation air compartment 102 fluidisation
Ash can be sufficiently mixed by air quantity and the loosening air quantity for entering loosening air compartment 103 with bed material.The mixture point of ash and bed material
The burner hearth of main combustion chamber 1 is not transported to through level-one refeed line 11, two level refeed line 13.
Working principle of the present invention is as follows：
Qualified bed material after screened device 15 sieves realizes bed material by bed material loop back device 16, loopback pipe-line system 17
Transfer.
Fuel is after the burning of main combustion chamber 1, subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace 3, and the high-temperature flue gas come out from secondary furnace 3 is through separator 4
Processing, the exhaust pass of separator 4 is entered by central tube, subsequently into the flue of tail vertical well 5, through economizer 6 and sky
Pre- device 7, which absorbs in flue, to be discharged after the radiant heat of high-temperature flue gas from chimney.Working medium then after economizer 6, then uniformly arrives burner hearth
In continue absorb heat, until return drum 8 reach required fluid properties after lead to boiler export pipeline.
Pass through the ash bucket of 3 bottom of subsidiary combustion chamber 2 and secondary furnace and the separator 4 being arranged in 3 follow-up process of secondary furnace
Ash bucket, flying dust are captured and in level-one returning charge box 10 and two level returning charge box 12, then pass through level-one refeed line 11 and two respectively
Grade refeed line 13 is delivered in main combustion chamber 1, constitutes the interior cycle of ash.High-temperature flue gas passes through arrangement in 5 flue of tail vertical well successively
Economizer 6 and air preheater 7, complete entire heat transfer process, finally drain into outside stove.Working medium is then entered by one end of economizer 6, inverse
The trend for high-temperature flue gas to itself and heats up heat absorption；Working medium comes out from the other end of economizer 6, into boiler after
And be evenly distributed with into burner hearth and continue to absorb heat, lead to boiler export pipeline until returning after drum 8 reaches required fluid properties.
The slag that boiler is discharged in operation is drained into through scum pipe 14 in screening plant 15, after screening underproof bed material quilt
Device for transferring, qualified bed material then enter bed material loop back device 16.The bed material loop back device 16 is adjusted by changeover valve 20, through returning
Pipe-line system 17 is sent to be delivered to bed material through subsidiary combustion chamber loopback pipe 171, secondary furnace loopback pipe 172, separator loopback pipe 173 respectively
In subsidiary combustion chamber 2, secondary furnace 3 and separator 4.
In order to more easily understand the lime-ash knot situation in subsidiary combustion chamber, secondary furnace and separator, the present invention is also fired in pair
Burn 18 periphery of the nozzle installation camera being arranged in room, secondary furnace and separator；The camera passes through circuit and industrial television phase
Even, Real-time Feedback subsidiary combustion chamber, secondary furnace and separator inner nozzle 18 observe this to the slagging situation of space of planes, person easy to operation
The lime-ash knot phenomenon at position.Such as there is lime-ash knot phenomenon, reminds operator to restart grey send-back system, and pass through changeover valve tune
Section, makes nozzle effectively be purged to slag knot position.
Embodiment two：
The present invention also provides a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler, the bed material external circulating devices
Including：
Screening plant 15, bed material loop back device 16, loopback pipe-line system 17, nozzle 18 and changeover valve 20；
The screening plant 15 is arranged in the bottom of scum pipe 14, material outlet and the bed material loop back device of screening plant 15
16 are connected；
Changeover valve 20, the difference of the changeover valve are provided between the bed material loop back device 16 and loopback pipe-line system 17
Outlet takes back the corresponding transfer pipeline for sending pipe-line system 17；
Loopback pipe-line system 17 passes through corresponding transfer pipeline foldback bed material to the nozzle for the ash bucket 9 for being installed on relevant device
18, and be injected on the inner wall of ash bucket 9 by the nozzle 18.
Wherein, the details of components such as bed material loop back device 16, loopback pipe-line system 17, nozzle 18 and changeover valve 20 with
Associated description in above-described embodiment one is identical, no longer elaborates here.
Embodiment three：
The present invention also provides a kind of bed material outer circulation operation methods for circulating fluidized bed boiler comprising following ash
The outer circulation operation method of interior cycle and bed material：
Wherein grey interior circular flow method includes the following steps：
Step S101 brings into operation initial stage in boiler, when the ash quantity of level-one returning charge box 10 is bigger than normal：Open big level-one returning charge box 10
Air distribution, increase level-one feed back amount；
Step S102, when boiler operatiopn for a period of time after, the temperature of emulsion zone gradually rises, and gradually opens big two level at this time and returns
The air distribution of magazine 13 increases two level feed back amount；
Step S103, when boiler runs at full capacity, while the air distribution of standard-sized sheet level-one returning charge box 10 and two level returning charge box 13,
The whole for meeting boiler returns ash quantity.
The outer circulation operation method of wherein bed material includes the following steps：
Step S201, the bottom ash that boiler is discharged in operation are drained into through scum pipe 14 in screening plant 15；
Step S202, screened device 15 carry out screening process to bottom ash, and underproof bed material is discharged equipment after screening,
Qualified bed material then enters bed material loop back device 16；
Step S203, bed material loop back device 16 are adjusted by changeover valve 20, and ash is delivered to respectively through loopback pipe-line system 17
In bucket 9.If (multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler, the ash bucket 9 are respectively provided at subsidiary combustion chamber 2, the lower part of secondary furnace 3 and separator 4
Lower part；If vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler, which is located at 4 lower part of separator.)
Step S204, the bed material of the return return to combustion together with the solid material for being pooled to ash bucket 9 after combustion chambers burn
It burns in room and burns away.
The above-mentioned bed material outer circulation operation method for circulating fluidized bed boiler not only can be adapted for multipaths recycle stream
Fluidized bed boiler applies also for vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler.
Example IV：
The present invention also provides a kind of vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boilers, and structure is as shown in figure 5, include：Main combustion chamber 1, separation
A kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler in device 4, embodiment two is (in concrete condition and embodiment two
Associated description is identical, no longer elaborates here) scum pipe 14 below main combustion chamber 1, and it is located at 4 lower part of the separator
Ash bucket 9.
The bed material entrance setting of the bed material external circulating device is arranged in 14 bottom of scum pipe, bed material outlet in ash bucket 9
Portion, and face the inner wall of ash bucket 9.
Although the present invention has been described by way of example and in terms of the preferred embodiments, embodiment does not limit the present invention.This hair is not being departed from
In bright spirit and scope, any equivalent change or retouch done also belongs to the protection domain of the present invention.Therefore the present invention
Protection domain should be using the content that claims hereof is defined as standard.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler, which is characterized in that the bed material external circulating device packet
It includes：
Screening plant (15), bed material loop back device (16), loopback pipe-line system (17), nozzle (18) and changeover valve (20)；
Screening plant (15) setting is filled in the bottom of scum pipe (14), material outlet and the bed material loopback of screening plant (15)
(16) are set to be connected；
It is provided with changeover valve (20) between the bed material loop back device (16) and loopback pipe-line system (17), the changeover valve is not
The corresponding transfer pipeline for sending pipe-line system (17) is taken back with outlet；
Loopback pipe-line system (17) by Geldart-D particle by the nozzle (18) of corresponding transfer pipeline foldback bed material to ash bucket (9),
And it is injected on the inner wall of ash bucket (9) with setting speed by the nozzle (18)；
The bed material of foldback returns together with the solid material for being pooled to ash bucket (9) after combustion chambers burn through returning charge box and refeed line
It burns away in combustion chamber.
2. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
Stating bed material loop back device (16) includes：
Surge bunker (161), feeder (162), Geldart-D particle room (163) and compressed air line (164)；
The bed material entrance of surge bunker (161) connects the bed material outlet of screening plant (15), and the bed material outlet of surge bunker (161) connects feeding
The bed material entrance of machine (162)；The bed material outlet of feeder (162) connects the bed material entrance of Geldart-D particle room (163)；Geldart-D particle room
(163) bed material is exported takes back the corresponding transfer pipeline for sending pipe-line system (17) by changeover valve (20)；Compressed air line
(164) Geldart-D particle room (163) are connected by upper and lower gas circuit entrance respectively.
3. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1 or 2, feature exist
In the loopback pipe-line system (17) includes：Separator loopback pipe (173).
4. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 3, which is characterized in that institute
Stating loopback pipe-line system (17) further includes：
Subsidiary combustion chamber loopback pipe (171) and secondary furnace loopback pipe (172).
5. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 1, which is characterized in that institute
It states nozzle (18) by hose (19) to connect to the corresponding transfer pipeline of loopback pipe-line system (17), and the nozzle (18) is logical
Crossing the hose (19) can rotate in a circumferential direction in the ash bucket (9).
6. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 5, which is characterized in that institute
The structure for stating nozzle (18) is from the junction with hose (19) to free end eddy flow flaring.
7. a kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler according to claim 6, which is characterized in that institute
Stating bed material external circulating device further includes：
Camera；The camera is for monitoring nozzle (18) to the slagging situation of space of planes and by circuit and industrial television phase
Even.
8. a kind of bed material outer circulation operation method for circulating fluidized bed boiler, which is characterized in that described for ciculation fluidized
Bed boiler bed material outer circulation operation method include：
Step S201, the bottom ash that boiler is discharged in operation are drained into through scum pipe (14) in screening plant (15)；
Step S202, screened device (15) carry out screening process to bottom ash, and underproof bed material is discharged equipment after screening, close
The bed material of lattice then enters bed material loop back device (16)；
Step S203, bed material are adjusted by changeover valve (20) via bed material loop back device (16), are returned through loopback pipe-line system (17)
It send into ash bucket (9)；
Step S204, the bed material of foldback return to combustion chamber together with the solid material for being pooled to ash bucket (9) after combustion chambers burn
In burn away.
9. a kind of multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler, including main combustion chamber (1), subsidiary combustion chamber (2), secondary furnace (3) and separator (4)；
It is characterized in that, the multipath circulating fluidized bed boiler further includes：
A kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler described in claim 1 to 7 any one is arranged in master
Fire room (1) following scum pipe (14), and be located at the subsidiary combustion chamber (2) and secondary furnace (3) lower part and setting is described divides
Ash bucket (9) from device (4) lower part；
The bed material entrance setting of the bed material external circulating device is arranged in scum pipe (14) bottom, bed material outlet in ash bucket (9)
Inside, and face the inner wall of ash bucket (9).
10. a kind of vertical circulation fluidized-bed combustion boiler, including main combustion chamber (1) and separator (4)；It vertical is followed it is characterized in that, described
Circulation fluidized bed boiler further includes：
A kind of bed material external circulating device for circulating fluidized bed boiler described in 1,2,3,5,6,7 any one of claim,
The scum pipe (14) below in main combustion chamber (1) is set, and is located at the ash bucket (9) of the separator (4) lower part；
The bed material entrance setting of the bed material external circulating device is arranged in scum pipe (14) bottom, bed material outlet in ash bucket (9)
Inside, and face the inner wall of ash bucket (9).
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Denomination of invention: A bed material external circulation device for circulating fluidized bed boiler and its operation method Effective date of registration: 20220422 Granted publication date: 20181012 Pledgee: Haidian Beijing science and technology enterprise financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: BEIJING NOWVA ENERGY TECHNOLOGY Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2022110000094 |
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Denomination of invention: A bed material external circulation device and operating method for circulating fluidized bed boilers Granted publication date: 20181012 Pledgee: Haidian Beijing science and technology enterprise financing Company limited by guarantee Pledgor: Rehua Energy Co.,Ltd. Registration number: Y2024110000105 |
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