CN106367618B - A kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal - Google Patents
A kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN106367618B CN106367618B CN201610816822.6A CN201610816822A CN106367618B CN 106367618 B CN106367618 B CN 106367618B CN 201610816822 A CN201610816822 A CN 201610816822A CN 106367618 B CN106367618 B CN 106367618B
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- China
- Prior art keywords
- waste plastics
- calcining
- obtains
- containing alum
- leaching
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Classifications
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B34/00—Obtaining refractory metals
- C22B34/20—Obtaining niobium, tantalum or vanadium
- C22B34/22—Obtaining vanadium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B1/00—Preliminary treatment of ores or scrap
- C22B1/02—Roasting processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B3/00—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes
- C22B3/04—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching
- C22B3/06—Extraction of metal compounds from ores or concentrates by wet processes by leaching in inorganic acid solutions, e.g. with acids generated in situ; in inorganic salt solutions other than ammonium salt solutions
- C22B3/08—Sulfuric acid, other sulfurated acids or salts thereof
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/20—Recycling
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of waste plastics and bone coal.Its technical scheme is：Rock coal containing alum after will be broken is ground to particle diameter and accounts for more than 70wt% less than 74 μm, obtains Rock coal containing alum miberal powder.By the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste plastics powder is 1: (0.3 ~ 0.6) dispensing, mixes, obtains compound.The compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of atmosphere furnace is communicated with the tail gas bottle equipped with aqua calcis, and 40 ~ 80min is calcined under the conditions of 650 ~ 800 DEG C, obtains calcining；Inlet pipeline is opened again and is passed through 30 ~ 80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Cooling, take out calcining.The calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1: (1.5 ~ 3) Kg/L by solid-to-liquid ratio, the sulfuric acid that volumetric concentration is 8 ~ 20% is added into stirred leaching tank, 3 ~ 6h is leached at 90 ~ 98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, obtains containing vanadium leachate.The present invention has that cost is low, can reduce environmental pollution, leaching rate is high and the characteristics of waste plastics recycling.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to extracting vanadium from stone coal technical field.Leached more particularly to the baking mixed vanadium that improves of a kind of waste plastics and bone coal
The method of rate.
Background technology
Bone coal is a kind of shale containing carbonaceous, and key property is that ash is high, density is big, caloric value is low and compact structure, category
Contain vanadium resource in low-grade.China's bone coal reserves are extremely abundant, and vanadium extraction is the one of China's utilization vanadium resource from bone coal
Individual important directions.The vanadium overwhelming majority in China's bone coal is present in illite class mineral, vanadium with V () form substitution Al (), it is present in the form of isomorphous in the lattice of aluminosilicate.Vanadium is extracted from bone coal, first has to destroy mica
The lattice of class mineral discharges vanadium therein, and finally providing rational leaching condition makes vanadium be transferred to solution from solid forms
In, separated with residue.
Traditional process for extracting vanadium from stone coal mainly has sodium roasting to leach and direct acid-leaching vanadium-extracted two kinds of technique（Open sword etc., stone
The present situation of coal vanadium extraction and research, Henan chemical industry, volume 2010 the 27th:27-30）.Sodium roasting technique has that V leaching rate is low, can produce
Raw a large amount of hydrogen chloride and chlorine, the shortcomings of causing seriously to pollute to environment；Direct process for extracting vanadium by acid leaching then exist extraction time it is long,
The deficiencies of sour consumption is high, wastewater discharge is big.
In recent years, scientific and technical personnel are proposed with the method for chloridizing volatilization roasting to extract the vanadium in bone coal, and the technique is kept away
The steps such as leaching, purification enrichment are exempted from and vanadium recovery are higher, diversiform-leaved poplar is first-class（Diversiform-leaved poplar first, Zhang Yimin, Chen Tiejun, Bao Shenxu, Liu
Great waves, citrine Vanadium emission during roasting of vanadium-bearing stone coal in
chlorine. Mineral Engineering30(2012)95-98）Using pure Cl2Chlorination roasting is carried out to Hubei somewhere bone coal
Enrichment is burnt, 1h is calcined at a temperature of 1000 DEG C, the volatility of vanadium has reached 90%.But use pure Cl2It is high as chlorinating agent cost
It is high and too high to equipment requirement.
In summary, to this kind of mica-type Rock coal containing alum, handled using direct acidleach and blank baking acid immersion, leaching rate is not
High and energy consumption is big；And a large amount of industrial table salts can then be added using sodium roasting, not only improve cost and pollution environment；Using chlorination
Metallurgical method can consume the chlorine of a large amount of costlinesses and have the requirement of harshness to equipment.
Plastics are mainly prepared by petroleum refining product, and it is non-renewable that the rapid growth that plastics are consumed exacerbates oil etc.
Contradiction between the shortage of resource and people's production and living demand.On the other hand, a large amount of consumption of plastics are also brought big simultaneously
The plastic products discarded object of amount, because plastics are difficult to natural degradation, and easily produce in processing procedure various poisonous and harmful
Material, so the handling problems of plastic refuse also getting worse.
The content of the invention
Purport of the present invention overcomes prior art defect, it is therefore an objective to provides that a kind of cost is low, can reduce environmental pollution, salvage property
The waste plastics that sourceization utilizes and leaching rate is high and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal.
To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention comprises the concrete steps that：
The first step, Rock coal containing alum is first crushed to granularity and is less than 3mm, the Rock coal containing alum after then crushing is ground to particle diameter
More than 70wt% is accounted for less than 74 μm, obtains Rock coal containing alum miberal powder.
Second step, by the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste plastics powder is 1: (0.3 ~ 0.6), contains vanadium to described
Waste plastics powder is added in bone coal miberal powder, is well mixed, obtains compound.
3rd step, the compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of the atmosphere furnace is molten with being equipped with calcium hydroxide
The tail gas bottle of liquid is communicated, and 40 ~ 80min is then calcined under the conditions of mixed atmosphere and 650 ~ 800 DEG C, obtains calcining；Then open
Inlet pipeline is passed through 30 ~ 80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Treat that atmosphere furnace is cooled to room temperature,
Take out calcining.
4th step, the calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1: (1.5 ~ 3) Kg/L by solid-to-liquid ratio, to the stirring
The sulfuric acid that volumetric concentration is 8 ~ 20% is added in leaching tanks, 3 ~ 6h is then leached under the conditions of 90 ~ 98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, is contained
Vanadium leachate.
The waste plastics powder is one or more of PVC and plastic containing chlorine.
The mixed atmosphere is the mixture of air and nitrogen；Wherein：The volumetric concentration of air is 5 ~ 30%, the body of nitrogen
Product concentration is 70 ~ 95%.
Due to being had the positive effect that compared with prior art using above-mentioned technical proposal, the present invention：
1st, the present invention is placed in oxygen-free environment after mixing waste plastics and bone coal and is calcined, and is handled by way of thermal cracking useless
The PVC abandoned, and the lattice structures of mineral is effectively destroyed using PVC pyrolysis product HCl, make the leaching rate of vanadium up to 80 ~
92%, leaching rate improves 7 ~ 13% compared with blank is calcined.
2nd, the present invention carries out second-time burning by the thermal cracking products of waste plastics after air is passed through, and takes full advantage of useless modeling
The calorific value of material, significantly improve roasting system and be effectively stripped of the carbon in raw ore.
3rd, waste plastics is added in bone coal to be pyrolyzed together and has not handled waste plastics only effectively, reduced waste plastics pair by the present invention
The pollution of environment and it is allowed to that recycling, cost are low and prospects for commercial application is notable.
Therefore, the present invention is with cost is low, can reduce environmental pollution, the spy that waste plastics recycling and leaching rate are high
Point.
Embodiment
With reference to embodiment, the invention will be further described, not to the limitation of its protection domain.
In present embodiment：The mixed atmosphere is the mixture of air and nitrogen；Wherein：The volumetric concentration of air
For 5 ~ 30%, the volumetric concentration of nitrogen is 70 ~ 95%.Repeated no more in embodiment.
Embodiment 1
A kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal.The specific steps of the present embodiment methods described
It is：
The first step, Rock coal containing alum is first crushed to granularity and is less than 3mm, the Rock coal containing alum after then crushing is ground to particle diameter
More than 70wt% is accounted for less than 74 μm, obtains Rock coal containing alum miberal powder.
Second step, by the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste plastics powder is 1: (0.3 ~ 0.4), contains vanadium to described
Waste plastics powder is added in bone coal miberal powder, is well mixed, obtains compound.
3rd step, the compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of the atmosphere furnace is molten with being equipped with calcium hydroxide
The tail gas bottle of liquid is communicated, and 40 ~ 80min is then calcined under the conditions of mixed atmosphere and 650 ~ 700 DEG C, obtains calcining；Then open
Inlet pipeline is passed through 30 ~ 80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Treat that atmosphere furnace is cooled to room temperature,
Take out calcining.
4th step, the calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1 by solid-to-liquid ratio: (1.5 ~ 2.0) Kg/L, is stirred to described
The sulfuric acid for adding that volumetric concentration is 8 ~ 12% in leaching tanks is mixed, 3 ~ 6h is then leached under the conditions of 90 ~ 98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, is obtained
Containing vanadium leachate.
The waste plastics powder is PVC.
The atmosphere of the atmosphere furnace is oxygen-free environment.
The leaching rate of the present embodiment vanadium is up to 80 ~ 86%, and leaching rate improves 7 ~ 11% compared with blank is calcined.
Embodiment 2
A kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal.The specific steps of the present embodiment methods described
It is：
The first step, Rock coal containing alum is first crushed to granularity and is less than 3mm, the Rock coal containing alum after then crushing is ground to particle diameter
More than 70wt% is accounted for less than 74 μm, obtains Rock coal containing alum miberal powder.
Second step, by the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste plastics powder is 1: (0.4 ~ 0.5), contains vanadium to described
Waste plastics powder is added in bone coal miberal powder, is well mixed, obtains compound.
3rd step, the compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of the atmosphere furnace is molten with being equipped with calcium hydroxide
The tail gas bottle of liquid is communicated, and 40 ~ 80min is then calcined under the conditions of mixed atmosphere and 700 ~ 750 DEG C, obtains calcining；Then open
Inlet pipeline is passed through 30 ~ 80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Treat that atmosphere furnace is cooled to room temperature,
Take out calcining.
4th step, the calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1 by solid-to-liquid ratio: (2.0 ~ 2.5) Kg/L, is stirred to described
The sulfuric acid for adding that volumetric concentration is 12 ~ 16% in leaching tanks is mixed, 3 ~ 6h is then leached under the conditions of 90 ~ 98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, is obtained
To containing vanadium leachate.
The waste plastics powder is plastic containing chlorine.
The atmosphere of the atmosphere furnace is oxygen-free environment.
The leaching rate of the present embodiment vanadium is up to 84 ~ 90%, and leaching rate improves 8 ~ 12% compared with blank is calcined.
Embodiment 3
A kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal.The specific steps of the present embodiment methods described
It is：
The first step, Rock coal containing alum is first crushed to granularity and is less than 3mm, the Rock coal containing alum after then crushing is ground to particle diameter
More than 70wt% is accounted for less than 74 μm, obtains Rock coal containing alum miberal powder.
Second step, by the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste plastics powder is 1: (0.5 ~ 0.6), contains vanadium to described
Waste plastics powder is added in bone coal miberal powder, is well mixed, obtains compound.
3rd step, the compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of the atmosphere furnace is molten with being equipped with calcium hydroxide
The tail gas bottle of liquid is communicated, and 40 ~ 80min is then calcined under the conditions of mixed atmosphere and 750 ~ 800 DEG C, obtains calcining；Then open
Inlet pipeline is passed through 30 ~ 80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Treat that atmosphere furnace is cooled to room temperature,
Take out calcining.
4th step, the calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1 by solid-to-liquid ratio: (2.5 ~ 3.0) Kg/L, is stirred to described
The sulfuric acid for adding that volumetric concentration is 16 ~ 20% in leaching tanks is mixed, 3 ~ 6h is then leached under the conditions of 90 ~ 98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, is obtained
To containing vanadium leachate.
The waste plastics powder is the mixture of PVC and plastic containing chlorine.
The atmosphere of the atmosphere furnace is oxygen-free environment.
The leaching rate of the present embodiment vanadium is up to 87 ~ 92%, and leaching rate improves 9 ~ 13% compared with blank is calcined.
Present embodiment has the positive effect that compared with prior art：
1st, present embodiment is placed in oxygen-free environment after mixing waste plastics and bone coal and is calcined, and passes through the side of thermal cracking
The discarded PVC of formula processing, and the lattice structures of mineral is effectively destroyed using PVC pyrolysis product HCl, make the leaching rate of vanadium
Up to 80 ~ 92%, leaching rate improves 7 ~ 13% compared with blank is calcined.
2nd, present embodiment carries out second-time burning by the thermal cracking products of waste plastics after air is passed through, fully profit
With the calorific value of waste plastics, significantly improve roasting system and be effectively stripped of the carbon in raw ore.
3rd, waste plastics is added in bone coal to be pyrolyzed together and has not handled waste plastics only effectively, reduced by present embodiment
Pollution of the waste plastics to environment and it is allowed to that recycling, cost are low and prospects for commercial application is notable.
Therefore, present embodiment has that cost is low, can reduce environmental pollution, waste plastics recycling and leaching rate
The characteristics of high.
Claims (1)
1. a kind of waste plastics and the baking mixed method for improving V leaching rate of bone coal, it is characterised in that the specific steps of this method
It is：
The first step, Rock coal containing alum is first crushed to granularity and is less than 3mm, the Rock coal containing alum after then crushing is ground to particle diameter and is less than
74 μm account for more than 70wt%, obtain Rock coal containing alum miberal powder；
Second step, by the Rock coal containing alum miberal powder: the mass ratio of waste PVC powder is 1: (0.3~0.6), contains vanadium to described
The waste PVC powder is added in bone coal miberal powder, is well mixed, obtains compound；
3rd step, the compound is inserted in atmosphere furnace, the outlet conduit of the atmosphere furnace is with being equipped with aqua calcis
Tail gas bottle is communicated, and 40~80min is then calcined under the conditions of mixed atmosphere and 650~800 DEG C, obtains calcining；Then open into
Mouth pipeline is passed through 30~80min of air or oxygen, and the oils of generation and carbonaceous combustion are removed；Treat that atmosphere furnace is cooled to room temperature,
Take out calcining；
4th step, the calcining is put into stirred leaching tank, is 1: (1.5~3) Kg/L by solid-to-liquid ratio, to the leaching
The sulfuric acid that volumetric concentration is 8~20% is added in groove, 3~6h is then leached under the conditions of 90~98 DEG C, separation of solid and liquid, is contained
Vanadium leachate；
The mixed atmosphere is the mixture of air and nitrogen；Wherein：The volumetric concentration of air is 5~30%, the volume of nitrogen
Concentration is 70~95%.
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| CN106367618B true CN106367618B (en) | 2018-03-27 |
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| CN108285975B (en) * | 2017-12-27 | 2019-07-12 | 中南大学 | A kind of method for extracting lithium from lepidolite by using PVC pyrolysis |
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| US4666512A (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1987-05-19 | U.S. Vanadium Corp. | Method for recovering vanadium from vanadium-containing ore |
| CN103421964A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-04 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for leaching vanadium from stone coal containing vanadium |
| CN103421963A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-04 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for extracting vanadium from stone coal containing vanadium |
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-
2016
- 2016-09-12 CN CN201610816822.6A patent/CN106367618B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4666512A (en) * | 1985-04-18 | 1987-05-19 | U.S. Vanadium Corp. | Method for recovering vanadium from vanadium-containing ore |
| CN103421964A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-04 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for leaching vanadium from stone coal containing vanadium |
| CN103421963A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-04 | 武汉科技大学 | Method for extracting vanadium from stone coal containing vanadium |
| CN104975179A (en) * | 2015-06-17 | 2015-10-14 | 山西八达镁业有限公司 | Method for jointly operating metal magnesium smelting dolomite roasting and waste incineration |
| CN104911360A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2015-09-16 | 上海第二工业大学 | Method and device for extracting metal indium in LCD by virtue of chloridizing volatilization with PVC as a chloridizing agent |
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