CN106367569B - A kind of quenching liquid and its application in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling - Google Patents
A kind of quenching liquid and its application in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling Download PDFInfo
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- CN106367569B CN106367569B CN201611019723.1A CN201611019723A CN106367569B CN 106367569 B CN106367569 B CN 106367569B CN 201611019723 A CN201611019723 A CN 201611019723A CN 106367569 B CN106367569 B CN 106367569B
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/60—Aqueous agents
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D5/00—Heat treatments of cast-iron
- C21D5/04—Heat treatments of cast-iron of white cast-iron
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of new quenching liquid, the quenching liquid is the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, is blended by the component of following mass percent：15% PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% sodium alginate, 2% lithium magnesium silicate, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% Ludox, 0.2% modified organic silicon defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, the PPG is that molecular weight is 5000~6000, and the Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is more than 10,000,000.The invention also discloses application of the above-mentioned quenching liquid in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling.The cooling performance of quenching liquid of the present invention can not only meet that workpiece is as cold as less than 150 DEG C and do not ftractureed eventually, moreover it is possible to improve the depth of hardening zone and hardness of workpiece, improve the anti-wear performance of workpiece.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of quenching liquid, further relates to application of the above-mentioned quenching liquid in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling,
Belong to the technical field of hot working of steel and iron parts.
Background technology
High-chromium white cast iron is referred to as " third generation abrasion resistance of metal material ", is widely used in building materials, mine, chemical industry, thermoelectricity etc.
Industry.For example wear-resisting iron ball of typical products, abrasion-proof backing block, bar etc., typically produced in enormous quantities by the method for casting.High chromium white
Antifriction cast iron (hereinafter referred to as rich chromium cast iron) generally chrome content between 12%~28% (or containing appropriate assistant alloy element).
In Hypoeutectic High Cr Cast Iron, it is divided into low-carbon area 2.0%~2.5%C, Zhong Tan 2.5%~2.8%C of area, high-carbon regions by phosphorus content
2.8%~3.6%C, tri- areas.High-chromium alloy cast-iron liner plate typically uses 2.5%~2.8%C of Zhong Tan areas, high-chromium alloy cast-iron
Abrading-ball typically uses 2.0%~2.5%C of low-carbon area, and grinder hammerhead class casting typically uses 2.8%~3.4%C of high-carbon regions.
In order that cast product has the excellent comprehensive mechanical performance such as wear-resisting, heat-resisting, against corrosion, select suitable therewith
Heat treatment method is the critical process of quality control.The quenching cooling of rich chromium cast iron both at home and abroad at present it is more using it is air-cooled, mist is cold, oily
The mode such as cold.Air-cooled technique is simple, and stress is small after workpiece is quenched, and the risk cracked is also small, but it is uniform cold inhomogeneous cooling to be present
But scarce capacity (it is small whether to refer to quenching degree) problem, the alloying elements such as more Mo, Ni, Cu need to be added for big specification casting,
Increase material cost.Therefore, the air-cooled quenching degree that is only applicable to is good, the less high-chromium cast iron piece of dimensions.Fog cooling is more air-cooled
Cooling capacity it is strong, the addition of alloying element can be reduced, but still suffer from the even problem of inhomogeneous cooling, the wind of increase deformation and cracking
Danger, suitable for the high-chromium cast iron piece that alloying element is few or specification is larger.The cooling uniformity of oil quenching is good, but because of its high temperature capabilities
By force, quenching stress is very big, for the dangerous of shaped piece cracking, is suitable only for the wear-resisting casting of small dimension in some, simple shape
Part.
Domestic and international high-abrasive material industry energetically seeks the new quenching type of cooling always, to improve the tough of rich chromium cast iron
Property and wear-resisting erosion resistance ability.As Chen Ziqiang et al. apply the C of patent CN 1120892 be for casting normalizing cooling, purpose
It is to improve cast iron content of pearlite in alloy, but there are Some Enterprises to be carried out using " the normalizing liquid " of the type to rich chromium cast iron in Hunan region
Quenching Treatment, but because its cooling capacity is still relatively strong, is mainly used in the wear resistance castings of symmetrical configuration, simple shape, and for
The asymmetric shaped piece cracking risk of structure is larger.Carried in the patent 201110067074.3 (application number) of bright et al. the application of old ancestor
It is used for high-Cr grinding balls to a kind of quenching liquid, using alkenes high molecular polymer, because quenching liquid low temperature cooling rate is very fast, needs strict
Liquid temperature degree is controlled out to 250-350 DEG C, to reduce cracking risk, it is very big to ultimately result in the consumption of quenching liquid, comprehensive use into
This is higher.100455682 cooling mediums that are related to of C of A, CN of patent CN 1831157 of Zhang Kejian et al. applications, it cools down energy
Though power is cold between quenching oil between mist, for forged steel pieces normalizing cooling be not particularly suited for high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching it is cold
But, and cooling technique requires that 500~700 DEG C of high temperature go out liquid, have that consumption is big and medium scaling loss caused by flue gas the problems such as.
The content of the invention
Goal of the invention：The technical problems to be solved by the invention be to provide one kind can be exclusively used in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching it is cold
But quenching liquid, the quenching liquid have high kinematic viscosity, thus its cooling performance can not only meet workpiece be as cold as eventually 150 DEG C with
Under do not ftracture (quenching liquid cooling rate is slow, and stress is small), moreover it is possible to improve the depth of hardening zone and hardness of workpiece, improve the wearability of workpiece
Energy.
The present invention also technical problems to be solved are to provide above-mentioned quenching liquid answering in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling
With.
The content of the invention：In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is：
A kind of quenching liquid, the quenching liquid are the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, are blended by the component of following mass percent
Form：15% PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% sodium alginate,
2% lithium magnesium silicate, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% Ludox, 0.2% change
Property organic silicon defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, the PPG is that molecular weight is 5000~6000, the polyacrylamide
Amine molecule amount is more than 10,000,000.
Wherein, the quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that mass percentage concentration is 20% is 25.6mm2/s。
Wherein, the quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that mass percentage concentration is 30% is 30.3mm2/s。
Wherein, the quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that mass percentage concentration is 35% is 41.8mm2/s。
Application of the above-mentioned quenching liquid in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling；Wherein, the concentration of the quenching liquid is
20%~35%, cooling rate of the quenching liquid that the concentration is 20%~35% more than 500 DEG C is 12~15 DEG C/more than S, 20
DEG C/below S；Cooling rate≤10 DEG C/S below 400 DEG C；Liquid temperature degree is quenched out as less than 150 DEG C.
PPG has good environmental-protecting performance, and nitrogen-containing compound, viscosity be not big for it；Polyacrylamide, poly- third
The mutual Synergistic of olefin(e) acid sodium, hydroxyethyl cellulose, sodium alginate, lithium magnesium silicate, polyurethanes, Ludox, Neng Gouyou
The viscosity of effect increase quenching liquid, reduce the cooling velocity in quenching liquid high temperature stage；PPG is that molecular weight is 5000
~6000, Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is more than 10,000,000, also can further increase the viscosity of quenching liquid.
Quenching liquid basic technical indicator of the present invention is as shown in table 1：
The physical and chemical index of the quenching liquid of table 1
The test of quenching liquid cooling characteristics of the present invention uses GB/T 30823, and tradition is air-cooled to have the uniform ability of inhomogeneous cooling
The problem of insufficient, in order to ensure quenching effect, often increase the alloying elements such as Mo, Ni, Cu, to improve the quenching degree of material, protect
Demonstrate,prove depth of hardening zone；Fig. 3 is still air, windward side, contrasted by wind face cooling performance, the cold cooling capacity of mist is more air-cooled have compared with
Big to improve, the maximum cooling rate of hot stage equally has the problem of inhomogeneous cooling is even in 8~10 DEG C/S, for thick strip also still
So the problem of cooling capacity deficiency be present, the cold cooling performance of typical mist is as shown in Figure 4.
Table 2 be quenching liquid concentration in 20% and 35% with mist it is cold, quenching oil cooling performance compare.20% and 35% concentration
Quenching liquid, more than 500 DEG C of average cooling rate the raising having by a relatively large margin cold compared with mist, can improve wind in 12~15 DEG C/more than S
The problem of fog cooling scarce capacity, while immersion liquid cooling can improve the cooling uniformity of diverse location, reduce cracking risk.Quenching
Though the immersion oil of oil cools down the uniform cooling that can guarantee that diverse location, high temperature cooling rate is excessive easily in 60~110 DEG C/S, thermal stress
Workpiece quenching is caused to ftracture.Controlled between 20% and 35% by concentration, can obtain quenching liquid of the present invention cold between mist
Cooling capacity between oil, workpiece cracking risk is greatly reduced on the premise of hardened layer is ensured.Quenching liquid cooling simultaneously
Performance is relatively low for the sensitiveness of concentration, liquid temperature, workpiece surface temperature change, can ensure the uniformity and stability of cooling,
With high engineering application value.
The quenching liquid of table 2 with mist it is cold, quenching oil cooling performance compare
Compared to prior art, quenching liquid of the present invention has the beneficial effect that：
Quenching liquid of the present invention has high viscosity, can effectively reduce cooling velocity of the quenching liquid in the high temperature stage, from
And significantly reduce workpiece cracking risk on the premise of high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron hardened layer is ensured；The use of quenching liquid of the present invention is dense
Spend for 20%~35%, its cooling capacity is cold between quenching oil between mist, and its cooling performance can not only meet that workpiece is as cold as eventually
Less than 150 DEG C are not ftractureed (cooling rate is slow, and stress is small), moreover it is possible to are improved the depth of hardening zone and hardness of workpiece, improved the wear-resisting of workpiece
Performance, additionally it is possible to ensure the uniformity and stability of workpiece cooling.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the Testing Tensile Strength at Elevated Temperature of rich chromium cast iron；
Fig. 2 is the high temperature elongation percentage of rich chromium cast iron；
Fig. 3 is still air, windward side, contrasted by wind face cooling performance；
Fig. 4 is wind fog cooling performance；
Fig. 5 is that quenching liquid contrasts with air, quenching oil cooling towers group；
Fig. 6 is that the quenching liquid difference liquid temperature cooling performance of concentration 20% contrasts (10 DEG C, 50 DEG C, 80 DEG C)；
Fig. 7 is the quenching technical flow chart of embodiment 1；
Fig. 8 is the quenching technical flow chart of embodiment 2；
Fig. 9 is the quenching technical flow chart of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
According to following embodiments, the present invention may be better understood.It is however, as it will be easily appreciated by one skilled in the art that real
Apply the content described by example and be merely to illustrate the present invention, without should be also without limitation on sheet described in detail in claims
Invention.
Quenching liquid concentration of the present invention is 20%~35%, and it has between the cold cooling capacity between quenching oil of mist, from
And thermal stress and structural stress of the high-chromium wear-resistant casting in quenching process are effectively reduced, therefore ensureing that high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron is hard
Workpiece cracking risk is greatly reduced on the premise of changing layer；Concentration by adjusting quenching liquid adapts to different types of Gao Ge
Wear resistance castings product.
Embodiment 1
Quenching liquid of the present invention is the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, is blended by the component of following mass percent：15%
PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% sodium alginate, 2% magnesium silicate
Lithium, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% Ludox, 0.2% modified organic silicon
Defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, PPG is that molecular weight is 6000, and Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 12,000,000；Quality
The quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that percentage concentration is 35% is 41.8mm2/s。
Upper half is curved, C=3.5-3.6%, Cr=26-28%, Mo=0.5-0.6%, Ni=0.5-0.6%, effective thickness
18mm or so, substance 6.5Kg.Quenching temperature is 1030 DEG C, quenching liquid concentration (mass percentage concentration) 35%, shove charge
Mode is stacked using opening down.Liquid temperature degree is quenched out as less than 150 DEG C, the flaw detection of quenching after stain is hard without cracking phenomena, quenching
Spend 61-64HRC.Process tracking subsequently is used, service life is air-cooled 1.3-1.5 times.
Embodiment 2
Quenching liquid of the present invention is the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, is blended by the component of following mass percent：15%
PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% sodium alginate, 2% magnesium silicate
Lithium, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% Ludox, 0.2% modified organic silicon
Defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, PPG is that molecular weight is 5500, and Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 11,000,000；Quality
The quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that percentage concentration is 30% is 30.3mm2/s。
Liner plate, C=2.6-2.8%, Cr=12-15%, effective thickness 20mm or so, substance 15Kg, quenching temperature
For 960 DEG C, quenching liquid concentration 30%, charging mode is using the form for hanging lifting.Quench out liquid temperature degree for 150 DEG C with
Under, quenching after stain flaw detection is without cracking phenomena, quenching hardness 59-62HRC.
Embodiment 3
Quenching liquid of the present invention is the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, is blended by the component of following mass percent：15%
PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% sodium alginate, 2% magnesium silicate
Lithium, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% Ludox, 0.2% modified organic silicon
Defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, PPG is that molecular weight is 5000, and Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is 10,000,000；Quality
The quenching liquid kinematic viscosity that percentage concentration is 20% is 25.6mm2/s。
Bar, C=2.8-3.0%, Cr=26-28%, it is not added with the alloying elements such as Mo, Ni, Cu, effective thickness 120mm
Left and right, substance 600Kg.Quenching temperature is 1030 DEG C, quenching liquid concentration 20%, and charging mode is using opening down folded
Put.Liquid temperature degree is quenched out as less than 150 DEG C, quenching after stain flaw detection is without cracking phenomena, quenching hardness 59-61HRC.It is follow-up to use
Process tracking, service life are air-cooled 1.2-1.3 times.
Obviously, above-described embodiment is only intended to clearly illustrate example of the present invention, and is not to the present invention
The restriction of embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, it can also be made on the basis of the above description
Its various forms of changes or variation.There is no necessity and possibility to exhaust all the enbodiments.And these belong to this hair
Among the obvious changes or variations that bright spirit is extended out is still in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (5)
- A kind of 1. quenching liquid, it is characterised in that：The quenching liquid is the high molecular polymer aqueous solution, by following mass percent Component is blended：15% PPG, 15% polyacrylamide, 5% Sodium Polyacrylate, 5% hydroxyethyl cellulose, 5% Sodium alginate, 2% lithium magnesium silicate, 2% triethanolamine, 1.5% OIT, 0.5% polyurethanes, 0.2% silicon are molten Glue, 0.2% modified organic silicon defoamer and water surplus；Wherein, the molecular weight of the PPG is 5000~6000, institute Molecular Weight for Polyacrylamide is stated more than 10,000,000.
- 2. quenching liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mass percentage concentration is 20% quenching liquid kinematic viscosity For 25.6mm2/s。
- 3. quenching liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mass percentage concentration is 30% quenching liquid kinematic viscosity For 30.3mm2/s。
- 4. quenching liquid according to claim 1, it is characterised in that：Mass percentage concentration is 35% quenching liquid kinematic viscosity For 41.8mm2/s。
- 5. application of the quenching liquid described in claim 1 in high-chromium abrasion-proof cast iron quenching cooling；Wherein, the use of the quenching liquid Concentration is 20%~35%, cooling rate of the quenching liquid that the concentration is 20%~35% more than 500 DEG C be 12~15 DEG C/s with On, 20 DEG C/below s；Cooling rate≤10 DEG C/s below 400 DEG C；Liquid temperature degree is quenched out as less than 150 DEG C.
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| CN107287539B (en) * | 2017-09-03 | 2019-01-04 | 福州思琪科技有限公司 | A kind of heat treatment process of Mg alloy castings |
| CN108315537A (en) * | 2018-05-09 | 2018-07-24 | 合肥汇之新机械科技有限公司 | A kind of multicomponent alloy cast member quenching medium and preparation method thereof |
| CN111440926B (en) * | 2020-04-28 | 2022-01-21 | 湖南电力耐磨新材料有限公司 | Water-based quenching liquid and preparation method and use method thereof |
| CN113755687B (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2024-02-02 | 宁国市华丰耐磨材料有限公司 | Quenching heat treatment process for grinding ball production |
| CN117144228B (en) * | 2023-10-30 | 2023-12-26 | 江苏金迪特钢有限公司 | Low-temperature-resistant corrosion-resistant seamless steel pipe and processing technology thereof |
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